EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.
-
Upload
elizabeth-townsend -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.
![Page 1: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
EDN 200The Common School Era and the
Progressive Era
September 18, 2006
![Page 2: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Today’s Plan
• Reflection Cards
• Pre-school visit
• Horace Mann and the Common School Era
![Page 3: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Pre-School Visit
• Physical Facility
• Students and Teachers
• Curriculum and Pedagogy
• Surprises
![Page 4: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Common School Era*
Analytic Framework
Political Economy
Institutions & ProcessesSocial
EconomicPolitical
Educational
IdeologyShared BeliefsShared Values
Shared in Social Groups
SchoolingGoals & Practices
OrganizationTeachers’ ExperienceStudents’ Experiences
Tozer, 2006
![Page 5: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Political Economy of the Common-School Era
• Demographic Changes: – Major movement of citizens from coasts to mid-west
• KY,TN,IN,OH,IL, & MI population grew from 110,000 in 1790 to 950,000 in 1810
– Massive immigration between 1820 & 1850• Primarily Irish who overwhelmingly were poor, uneducated,
and Roman Catholic
– Increased urban living• 5% in 1790 to 20% in 1850• Sparked industrial revolution
![Page 6: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Political Economy of the Common-School Era
• Political Developments– Increasing number of white males involved in
politics• 15% qualified to vote in 1789• Over 55% qualified in 1828
• Economic Developments– Development of Factories in the Northeast
• Initially staffed by women and children – eventually replaced by immigrant men
![Page 7: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Ideology of the Common-School Era
• Religion:– Move from Puritanism
• Very strict, harsh, punitive
– To more humane view of God and religion• Reform rather than punish prisoners• Compassionate care for the mentally ill rather than
isolation and mistreatment• Abhorrence of slavery part of world view
![Page 8: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Ideology of the Common-School Era
• Believed in growth of government to help promote economic freedom and growth– Negative to positive freedom
• Government should promote education of all citizens
• Mann and others promoted idea of affection in schools to help mold behavior and effort
![Page 9: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Horace Mann“Men are cast iron; but children are wax.”• Mann was secretary to the Massachusetts’ State
Board of Education from 1837-1848.– School Buildings:
• Pushed for physical changes necessary to provide safe, clean, comfortable education for MA students
– Moral Values:• “Common elements” of the common school• Attempted to convey religious, but nonsectarian values
– Book selections brought heavy criticism• Brought him criticism from Calvinists and Catholics
– Brought about large-scale development of Catholic parochial schools
![Page 10: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Horace Mann
• Discipline:– Believed that children should be approached through
intelligence and love – “Pedagogy of love”• Should not be fear that causes students to comform
– Believed physical punishment only necessary for children from poor homes
• Those children raised without love and understanding would respond to punishment
– Challenged teachers to continually reduce use of punishment
![Page 11: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Horace Mann• Teachers
– Most teachers had little training and saw teaching as a job and not a career
– Oversaw the development of Normal Schools• Heavy focus on pedagogy• Subjects matter only included that taught in Common Schools
(criticism still exists) • First one opened in MA in 1839
– Must be exemplars• Pressure on teacher behavior• Incursion into private life (continues today)
– His writings and policies led to far greater number of females in profession
• Women’s temperaments more appropriate for teaching school-age children
• Women were far less expensive for communities and Mann believed they were far more effective with children
![Page 12: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Questions
• A few questions for your small groups:– Mann advocated for female teachers in the
classroom. Today, 24% of all K-12 teachers are male and just 9% of elementary teachers are male. Do you believe females have certain traits that make them more effective teachers and are, therefore, more likely to enter the profession?
– What do you think accounts for the modern lack of male representation in the classroom?
![Page 13: EDN 200 The Common School Era and the Progressive Era September 18, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649ce55503460f949b304a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Questions:
• Mann pushed for values, religion, and “love” in the classroom. In your opinion, do these have a place in public funded schools?