Eddy correlation system manual - unisense.com Correlation System... · MAN_EC2_ v1.3.docx. Page 2...

Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 manual

MAN_EC2_ v1.3.docx

Content Notice to Purchaser ............................................................................................................. 4

Warning ........................................................................................................................... 4 Warranty and Liability .................................................................................................... 4 Repair or Adjustment ..................................................................................................... 4

Support, ordering, and contact information .......................................................................... 4

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 5 The eddy correlation flux method ................................................................................. 5

Literature ...................................................................................................................... 6

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System ...................................................................... 7 The Microsensor ........................................................................................................... 7 In Situ Eddy Amplifier ................................................................................................... 8 Vector Velocimeter ....................................................................................................... 8

Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit ...................................................... 8 External battery (optional) ............................................................................................. 9 External units (optional) ................................................................................................ 9 Cables .......................................................................................................................... 9

Preparations ................................................................................................................. 11 Controller/Battery ........................................................................................................ 11

Sensor and In Situ Eddy Amplifier .............................................................................. 11

Vector ......................................................................................................................... 12

Adjustments and calibration ........................................................................................ 12 Deployment ................................................................................................................... 13 Data retrieval and processing ..................................................................................... 13

Data Download: .......................................................................................................... 13 Data Conversion ......................................................................................................... 14

WEB Browser Interface Manual .................................................................................. 16 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 16

Login Window ............................................................................................................. 16 Main Menu .................................................................................................................. 17

System Check Menu ................................................................................................... 18 System Setup ............................................................................................................. 21

Vector Check .............................................................................................................. 22 Optode Check ............................................................................................................. 22 Analog Input Calibration ............................................................................................. 23 Serial Setup ................................................................................................................ 25 Deployment Setup ...................................................................................................... 26

System Start and Stop Time ....................................................................................... 27 Deployment Names .................................................................................................... 27 Deployment Notes ...................................................................................................... 27 DataLogger Start and Stop ......................................................................................... 27 Deployment Files ........................................................................................................ 28

Vector Deployment setup ................................................................................................... 29 Vector Sample Interval ................................................................................................. 29

Signal Synchronization ................................................................................................ 29

Battery charging and maintenance .................................................................................... 31

IMPORTANT .................................................................................................................. 31 Charging the battery .................................................................................................... 31

Data record types and files ................................................................................................ 32 Output data files ........................................................................................................... 32

vector_EddyFlux.txt description .................................................................................. 32

vector_NIOO.TXT description ..................................................................................... 32 Optode1.txt description ............................................................................................... 33 ProbeData.txt description (Bottom Echo) .................................................................... 33 Vec_resp_user_conf.txt description ............................................................................ 34 Conversion_log.txt description .................................................................................... 34

Vector auxiliary sensor data ....................................................................................... 34 Oxygen sensor: background, handling and mounting ........................................................ 35

Inspection and maintenance of the oxygen microsensor before use ..................... 35 The Unisense in situ connector system ............................................................................. 37

Overview ....................................................................................................................... 37 Installation of the microsensor in the sensor holder unit ............................................. 38

Unmounting the microsensor from the sensor holder unit ...................................... 44 Sensor connector color codes .................................................................................... 45

Refilling electrolytes on deep sea In Situ Sensors.................................................... 46 Important for deep sea in situ sensors: ....................................................................... 46 How to make electrolyte for in situ sensors? .............................................................. 46

Procedure for refilling in situ sensor electrolyte .......................................................... 46

Oxygen solubility table ....................................................................................................... 48 Updating the Controller Firmware ...................................................................................... 49 Interfacing other Serial sensors ......................................................................................... 50

Example: reference optode ......................................................................................... 50 Setting the salinity parameter on an Aanderaa optode ............................................ 51

Interfacing other analogue sensors .................................................................................... 60

Light weight Peter Berg EC Frame assembly .................................................................... 61 Assembling the frame .................................................................................................. 61

EC Frame (Heavy) assembly ............................................................................................. 64 Preparing the assembly ............................................................................................... 64 Assembling the main frame, 5 legged ........................................................................ 65

Assembling the main frame, 3 legged ........................................................................ 69

Mounting the Vector ..................................................................................................... 72 Mounting the In Situ Eddy Amplifier holder ............................................................... 73 Adjusting the sensor position ..................................................................................... 74

Mounting the controller ............................................................................................... 75 Maintenance ................................................................................................................. 75

EC External Battery ........................................................................................................... 76 General description ...................................................................................................... 76 Connecting the battery ................................................................................................ 76

Charging the EC external battery pack ...................................................................... 76 Charger and Cylinder Specifications .......................................................................... 77

Field Datalogger Specification ........................................................................................... 78 Computer System Requirements ................................................................................ 79

Notice to Purchaser This product is for research use only. Not for use in human diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Warning

Microsensors have very pointed tips and must be handled with care to avoid personal injury and only by trained personnel. Unisense A/S recommends users to attend instruction courses to ensure proper use of the products.

Warranty and Liability

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 controller unit is covered by a 1 year limited warranty. The warranty does not include repair or replacement necessitated by accident, neglect, misuse, unauthorized repair, or modification of the product. In no event will Unisense A/S be liable for any direct, indirect, consequential or incidental damages, including lost profits, or for any claim by any third party, arising out of the use, the results of use, or the inability to use this product.

Repair or Adjustment

Equipment that is not covered by the warranty will, if possible, be repaired by Unisense A/S with appropriate charges paid by the customer. In case of return of equipment please contact us for return authorization. For further information please see the documents Conditions for Sale and Delivery for Unisense, Warranty and Shipping Information, and In situ instruments Unisense Sales Conditions as well as the manuals for the respective products.

Support, ordering, and contact information Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit and The Unisense microsensors are miniaturized Clark-type sensors that facilitate reliable and fast measurements with a high spatial resolution designed for research applications. If you wish to order additional products or if you encounter any problems and need scientific/technical assistance, please do not hesitate to contact our sales and support team. We will respond to your inquiry within one working day. E-mail: [email protected] Unisense A/S Tueager 1, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark Tel: +45 8944 9500 Fax: +45 8944 9549 Further documentation and support is available at our website: www.unisense.com Note: If you find errors in this manual or have suggestions to improvements, do not hesitate to contact us at [email protected]

http://www.unisense.com/

mailto:[email protected]

INTRODUCTION This chapter will give a quick overview of the eddy correlation flux method, the Unisense eddy correlation system, its components, and their functions.

The eddy correlation flux method

Water flowing over surfaces will under most circumstances exhibit turbulence (eddies). The eddy correlation technique for flux measurements (Berg et al 2003) is based on measurements of the vertical water velocity component in the hydrodynamic boundary layer and the oxygen concentration in the same time and location in the hydrodynamic boundary layer above the sediment surface. The product of the vertical velocity and the oxygen concentration constitutes an oxygen transport through the horizontal plane can and by averaging this product over e.g. 10-15 minutes, the net sediment-water exchange of oxygen between sediment and water phase can be estimated and assumed to integrate the consumption over an area of many square meters of the sediment (Berg et al 2007).

The eddy correlation method overcomes the limitations of existing methods (micro profiling and benthic incubators) with regards to spatial scale, ease of use, and invasiveness. The method was pioneered by Peter Berg, University of Virginia, USA, and co-workers (Berg et al 2003, Berg et al. 2007).

Above is a schematic representation of the vertical water velocity and the oxygen concentration. When these are measured in the same point above a sediment surface, their product reflects the oxygen flux between sediment and water phase.

Literature

Berg, P.,Røy, H., Janssen, F., Meyer, V., Jørgensen, B.B., Huettel, M., de Beer, D. 2003. Oxygen uptake by aquatic sediments measured with a novel non-invasive eddy-correlation technique. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 261, p75–83. Berg, P, Røy, H. Wiberg, P. 2007. Eddy correlation flux measurements. The sediment surface area that contributes to the flux. Limnology and Oceanography. 52, p1672-1684. Berg, P. and M. Huettel. 2008. Monitoring the Seafloor using the Non-Invasive Eddy Correlation Technique: Integrated Benthic Exchange Dynamics. Oceanography. 21, p164-167. Kuwae, T., Kamio, K., Inoue, T., Miyoshi, E., Uchiyama, Y. 2006. Oxygen exchange flux between sediment and water in an intertidal sandflat, measured in situ by the eddy-correlation method. Marine Ecology Progress Series 307, p59–68. Lorrai, C., D.F. McGinnis, P. Berg, A. Brand, and A. Wüest. 2010. Eddy correlation technique for turbulent oxygen flux measurements in aquatic ecosystems, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 27 (9), 1533 - 1546. McGinnis, D. F., P. Berg, A. Brand, C. Lorrai, T. J. Edmonds, and A. Wüest. 2008. Measurements of eddy correlation oxygen fluxes in shallow freshwaters: Towards routine applications and analysis, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35. Reimers, C.E., Özkan-Haller, H.T., Berg, P., Devol, A., McCann-Grosvenor, K. and Sanders, R.D. 2012. Benthic oxygen consumption rates during hypoxic conditions on the Oregon continental shelf: Evaluation of the eddy correlation method, Journal Of Geophysical Research, 117.

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System

A full Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 consists of the following components

- an oxygen microsensor – for fast measurements of oxygen concentration - an In Situ Eddy Amplifier (ISA-Eddy) – for microsensor amplification - a sensor adaptor – pressure compensation and interface between sensor and In Situ Eddy

Amplifier - an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (Nortek Vector/Vectrino) – for velocity measurements - an Eddy controller unit – for system control and data logging - cables – to connect the hardware units

o Controller-Vector cable (type UWDL-VEC001) o Controller-PC communication (type UWDL-COM001) o Controller-PC communication – 50 m (Optional: type UWDL-COM002) o Controller start dongle (UWDL-ON001) o Charger with cable (UWDL-CHG001)

- a frame – to hold the above components - any PC with web browser for system setup, calibration and control - a Windows PC for the EC Data Conversion Software Tool – for converting and managing

data In addition to the components mentioned above other optional units can be mounted:

- external battery unit - external units, e.g. other sensors

The function of the components will be described in details in the following.

The Microsensor

Measures the oxygen or H2S concentration, temperature or conductivity by giving a response which is linear with the concentration, or measured parameter. The signal is in the picoampere og microvoltage range, and the response time needs to be short (< 0.3 second) to capture the relevant fluctuations. The micro sensor interfaces to the In Situ Eddy Amplifier with a pressure-compensated adaptor.

In Situ Eddy Amplifier

In Situ Eddy Amplifier

The In Situ Eddy Amplifier amplifies the signal from the oxygen microsensor. The amplifier is specifically developed to detect and amplify very small but fast changing signal. The signal is the total oxygen signal and is a millivolt reading corresponding linearly to the oxygen concentration.

Vector Velocimeter

The velocimeter measures the vertical water velocity. The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 is designed to function with a Nortek Vector. The Vector is set up to be in charge of the timing of the velocity samples and delivers a sync signal to the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 controller unit which in turn is responsible for synchronizing the data from the Vector and the oxygen sensor. The whole system can be set up to work in bursts or in continuous mode. Data from continuous mode can be converted into any burst length following post-processing.

Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit logs the analogue signals from the In Situ Eddy Amplifier and the digital signals from the Vector. For the synchronization of these signals, the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit uses the synchronization signal from the Vector at the end of each period a velocity measurement is made (e.g. 64 times per second). The architecture of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 is flexible and it is possible to interface to other units, for instance a reference oxygen sensor, CTDs and wave/tide sensors. The standard Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit has 8 GB data capacity, corresponding to more than 20 days of data-acquisition at 64 Hz. The memory capacity can be expanded up to 32 GB. The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit has internal batteries that will allow the system to run for approximately 34 hours at 25⁰C. When not connected to an external power source, the controller needs to have a power dongle on the power input connector, otherwise the controller will run on the internal battery for approx. 30 seconds (+/- 5 seconds) and then shut

down. A forced reboot is possible by keeping the external power supply and power dongle un-connected for more than 30 seconds. When the controller unit is turned on, it will resume in the state (see below) it was in before it was turned off. When powered up, the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit can be in the following states:

- INACTIVE: the controller unit is not making any data logging actions but is ready to receive communication, and the system can be calibrated.

- ACTIVE: the controller unit is logging and storing data from the Vector and the oxygen sensor(s) (and other sensors if connected and relevant) at the frequency configured in the Vector. Raw data is also streamed on the WEB interface, if a PC is connected. If the Ethernet cable is disconnected from the pc, the data streaming stops, but data is still stored on the controller’s memory.

- The user can only communicate with the controller in this mode with a reduced set of commands (e.g. see live data and download intermediate datasets). To end data logging

the user must activate the ‘Stop Datalogger’ button in the ‘Deployment Setup

- SCHEDULED: the controller unit is in a power-saving mode. It is ready to receive

communication and with enter ACTIVE state at the set time point in the Deployment Window.

The user can communicate with the controller unit via the web interface using any standard internet browser.

External battery (optional)

For long term deployments (more than ~30 hours of constant measurements), an external battery unit is necessary. Alternatively, another constant voltage supply via cable can be used.

External units (optional)

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit can be expanded to interface with other external units. For instance an optical oxygen sensor can be useful to make an independent check of the ambient oxygen concentration (see the Appendix for Interfacing other Serial sensors). The controller can log three additional analogue sensor signals at high speed and up to 3 serial instruments. The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit is also prepared to be able to activate external units, e.g. a light source, water sampler etc.

Cables

The cables are SubConn® under-water cables rated for full ocean depth (6000m). The following cables are used in a Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit:

- Controller-Vector cable (type UWDL-VEC001) - Controller-PC communication (type UWDL-COM001).

o A 50-70 m water proof version is available (type UWDL-COM002)

- Controller start dongle (UWDL-ON001) - Charger with cable (UWDL-CHG001) - Controller external power cable (type UWDL-PWR001). Using this cable the system will be

powered from the mains and not draw power from the internal batteries. External Battery cable (UWDL-BAT001) In addition to these cables, the Vector comes with its own set of cables – see the separate Vector documentation regarding these.

GETTING STARTED

Preparations

NOTE: electrostatic discharge (ESD) may damage the communication ports of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2, so take care to only connect the controller to the Vector when the controller is turned off and if possible, ‘ground’ the cable leads before connecting.

Controller/Battery

1. Make sure the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit battery (internal or external) is charged (see Battery charging and maintenance for details).

2. Mount the controller unit in the underwater frame, and turn the controller on using the UWDL-ON001 start plug or with an external power supply (UWDL-PWR001 cable).

a. The UWDL-ON001 start plug has three different LED light codes: i. Green blinking: The controller is ON but inactive

ii. Red blinking: The controller is ON and is actively logging EC data iii. Constant Red: The controller is in an error state, e.g. the vector is

unconnected or is incorrectly setup. 3. Connect the controller unit to a Ethernet (LAN port on the PC with the UWDL-COM001

cable and start the login to the WEB Browser Interface on IP address 10.254.239.1

4. Start and stop the system on the ‘Deployment Setup’ page 5. To turn the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 unit off, remove the power cable/dongle.

UWDL-ON001 Start plug with status LED

Note that the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit has a 30 sec off delay to enable seamless power source switching. E.g. if you remove the UWDL-ON001 plug the meter will turn off only after approximately 30 seconds. This enables you to switch between the UWDL-ON001 and UWDL-PWR001 without interrupting the function of the system.

Sensor and In Situ Eddy Amplifier

1. Connect the In Situ Eddy Amplifier to the controller unit using one of the analogue channels 1 – 4.

2. Prepare one or more oxygen microsensor and preferably a spare (ensure that the sensors are ready for use, see the Appendix ‘Oxygen sensor: background, handling and mounting’ for further details).

3. Mount the Eddy oxygen microsensor (mounted in the In Situ Connector) on the In Situ Eddy Amplifier. Keep the protective sensor casing on the sensor for now.

4. Mount the In Situ Eddy Amplifier in the frame in roughly the correct position (pointing to the measuring volume).

Vector

1. Mount the Vector in the underwater frame. 2. Place a bucket of slightly turbid water such that the Vector head is completely immersed. 3. Connect the Vector to the PC using the serial communication cable and power supply

supplied with the Vector. 4. If the Vector does not have internal batteries, supply power as described in the Vector

manual. 5. Use the Vector.exe software from Nortek to select and set up the deployment parameters

correctly on the Vector by pressing the Deployment planning button. Especially, make sure that

a. The baud rate is set to 115.200 b. XYZ coordinate system is selected. c. The sampling rate is set to the desired value (normally 32 or 64Hz)

d. The Output Sync is set to “For Vector” (Advanced tab, see Appendix ‘Deployment setup’ and the Vector manual for details).

e. Make sure that the configuration is uploaded to the vector.

6. Check that the Vector works as expected when the water in the bucket moves – see the Vector manual under ‘probe check’ for details.

Adjustments and calibration

1. Carefully remove the sensor protective casing using the supplied guide. 2. Fine-adjust the position of the sensor tip relative to the Vector measuring volume. Monitor

the Vector signals on the SNR (signal-to-noise) tab in the Vector.exe program. Fix the oxygen sensor tip in a position where it is as close to the Vector measuring volume (see Vector manual) as possible without making the signal-to-noise ratio rise.

7. Un-plug the Vector cable from the Vector and connect it to the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit using the UWDL-VEC001

3. Turn the controller unit back on (re-install power cable/dongle UWDL-ON001). NOTE: electrostatic discharge (ESD) may damage the communication port of the controller unit, so take care to only connect the controller to the Vector when the controller unit is powered off.

4. Login to the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit, push the ‘System Check’

button and monitor the oxygen sensor signal to make sure the sensor burn-in time is elapsed. See in Appendix for ‘Oxygen sensor: background, handling and mounting’.

5. Prepare calibration solutions and calibrate the oxygen sensor(s) on the Analog Input

Calibration sub menu, click ‘Channel 1’, ‘Channel 2’ etc. . Make sure the sensor reacts as expected with a zero-calibration point close to 0 picoamperer (~ -2.5 mV) and an atmospheric calibration point at 150-500 pA (-1.0 to 2.5 mV).

6. In the ‘Vector Check’ , verify that the signals react to movements of the water around the Vector head.

7. If one or more optodes are added to the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller

unit, press the ‘Optode Check’ button and verify that oxygen, saturation % and temperature signals are captured and react to e.g. a zero-calibration liquid.

Deployment

1. If possible, repeat the oxygen sensor calibration immediately before deployment.

2. Plan the deployment timing on the ‘Deployment Setup’ using the web interface (see p. 26 for details):

a. Set the deployment start time: at a specific date/time or immediately (when the

Start button is pressed)

3. Press the ‘Immediate Start’ button or ‘Sheduled Start’ button . 4. Disconnect the PC communication cable (UWDL-COM001) and put a dummy on the

bulkhead connector of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit. 5. Place the instrument at the study site. 6. When the measurement time has elapsed, retrieve the instrument.

Data retrieval and processing

For the data to be accessible to the user, it must first be downloaded from the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit to the PC, where it must be converted from binary form to character-based format(s). For some conversions the process also includes calculations, for instance of oxygen concentration units from the raw signals, based on the calibration values. To download and convert the data, perform the following steps:

Data Download:

To download go the ‘Deployment Setup’ page and click the button ‘Download Deployment Data’

. 1. Find the set of deployment files that matches your deployment. The file set is in a

directory with the ‘Deployment Name’ given during the deployment setup. If no name was provided you will find the files in the ‘default’ directory. A timestamp prefix (in the format ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_) has been appended to the deployment file names. In the following, for simplicity the filenames will be mentioned without this prefix.

2. Press the ‘Download’ link for each file.

File 1: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_vector.dat File 2: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_adc.dat File 3: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_optode1.dat – (can be more than one e.g.

optode2.dat) File 4: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_deployment.txt File 5: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_calibration.txt

3. The browser will prompt for a save directory or automatically place the files in the Windows Download folder.

4. The download process will start and the progress and time can usually be followed in the browser window.

Data Conversion

The data downloaded from the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 controller unit are in a binary format. For subsequent analysis, the data needs to be transformed into a readable text format. It is possible to create a number of different output files, see appendix ‘Data record types’ for details.

The EC Data Conversion Tool.

To convert a set of data files, follow the below steps:

1. Browse and select the file folder where the downloaded files to be converted are located. 2. The EC Data Conversion Tool automatically detects and uses the groups of data files

(vector.dat, adc.dat, calibration.txt, optode1.dat and deployment.txt) with the same time stamp. If several groups of data files are present in the same folder, you can select the right one in drop-down list called ‘File PreFix’.

3. Select the desired output file format, by clicking on corresponding radio button. 4. If data has been collected in ‘Continuous Mode’, an artificial ‘Burst Mode’ can be created if

needed for post-processing during flux calculation. The ‘Burst Period’ is the interval between two burst starts, and the ‘Skip Period’ is the sleep period at the end of a burst (Burst Period = Data Acquisition Period + Sleep Period). Data between bursts are discarded and the time stamp will be discontinuous between two bursts.

5. Press the “Convert” button. The conversion progress can be monitored in the Conversion progress bar. It is possible to interrupt the file conversion by pressing the “Cancel” button.

6. The output files are found in the same file folder at the original data.

The resulting files are in character-based (text) format and can be processed by different kinds of software for further analysis as described by Peter Berg (2003). See the Appendix for data record types section for details on the different file formats.

Downloaded data files and resulting conversion tool files. Unisense has the software available to facilitate the final data analysis. You are welcome to contact us at any time ([email protected]) to enquire about the current status.


WEB Browser Interface Manual

The WEB Browser Interface is the user’s interface to the digital functions of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller Unit.

Overview

The WEB Browser Interface can

Communicate with the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller Unit via a standard Ethernet port on IP address 10.254.239.1.

Display live data. The data is streamed from the controller unit (Vector data, oxygen data

and other optional units) and can be displayed online with a 3 second delay.

Make oxygen calibrations. Under ‘System Setup’ , the user can make oxygen and any other sensor calibration, which can be stored on the controller with the data subsequently measured.

Program the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit. The controller unit can be activated to start measuring immediately, or a delayed start can be configured in the

Deployment Setup menu . Other parameters of the deployment setup, e.g. data frequency and burst mode, are currently set up via the Vector.exe software (see the Nortek Vector manual for details).

Download measured data. After a field deployment, the data stored on the controller unit can be downloaded at high speed to the PC for further processing in the Deployment

Files menu .

Convert measured binary data. The raw data are in binary form and need to be converted to text format to be used in post processing. This task is done using a PC program called ´EC Data Conversion Tool’.

Login Window

As soon as you type in the IP address of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller Unit via a standard Ethernet port (IP address 10.254.239.1) you will be greeted with the below screen and prompted for a username and a password.

The username and password are both ‘unisense’.

Main Menu

As soon as you have typed in the above login information you will enter into the main menu of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller Unit as show below.

Below the menu buttons a few lines of system information are given:

1. The first line indicates in what mode the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller Unit is in:

a. INACTIVE: the controller unit is not making any data logging actions but is ready to receive communication, and the system can be calibrated.

b. ACTIVE: The controller unit is logging and storing data from the Vector and the oxygen sensor(s) (and other sensors if connected and relevant) at the frequency configured in the Vector. Raw data is also streamed on the WEB interface, if a PC is connected. If the Ethernet cable is disconnected from the pc, the data streaming stops, but data is still stored on the controller’s memory. The user can only communicate with the controller in this mode with a reduced set of commands (e.g. see live data and download intermediate datasets). To end data logging the

user must activate the ‘Stop Datalogger’ button in the ‘Deployment Setup

c. SCHEDULED: The controller unit is in a power-saving mode. It is ready to receive

communication and with enter ACTIVE state at the set time point in the Deployment Window.

2. The second line is indicating how much free data storage capacity there is left on the Datalogger.

a. If there is less than 500 MB free storage left a 3rd line will appear recommending that old deployment data is deleted before making a new deployment.

In the following part of the manual the different submenus are described but for an overview of the menu structure is depicted below.

The WEB interface menu structure

System Check Menu

On the ‘System Check’ page the user can verify that the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2

Controller Unit runs and that data are collected from the Vector, amplifiers and the optode. The top part of the page is displaying the current deployment data and setpoint and the battery status of the internally rechargeable battery is shown.

Below the deployment status up to the last 5 minutes of Vector, analogue, and optode data series from the controller unit are plotted and displayed when a PC-LAN cable is connected to the controller unit in both the active and inactive modes.

Below the last graph on the ‘System Check’ page is showing the optode data, uM oxygen, saturation percentage and temperature. Only data for ‘Optode-1’ can be seen real-time. Additional optode data from Optode-2 and Optode-3 are only logged to file.

For all graphs to update automatically every 3 seconds press the ‘Auto Refresh Graphs’ button, and to stop the refreshing press the ‘Stop Refresh Graphs’.

System Setup

On the ‘System Setup’ page the user can setup and verify that the real-time clock is set. This is particularly important if the ‘Scheduled’ deployment mode is being used as the real-time clock to activate the start and stop time for a scheduled data logging.

Synchronize the controller internal clock with the PC by pressing the ‘Synchronize with PC-Time’ button. The current controller time can be reread by ‘F5’ with reloads the page.

Vector Check

On the ‘Vector Check’ page the Vector configuration data are shown in which the sampling, range and run mode settings. Vector data are streamed live to the graph.

Optode Check

On the ‘Optode Check’ page the optode configuration data are shown in which the salinity settings and calibrations coefficients are found along the type and serial number of the connected optode. Optode data are logged as default for every 10 second and are streamed live to the graph at that rate.

Analog Input Calibration

On this page(s), the user can calibrate the oxygen sensor in the following way: The Calibration Menus (here Channel 1).

Please refer to the appendix ‘Oxygen sensor: background, handling and mounting’ for practical aspects on how to mount and handle the oxygen sensor.

NOTE: If it is not possible to expose the sensor to the right conditions at this time, but the

user has calibration signal values from previous measurements, it is possible to type the

appropriate signal values in the fields for both low and high concentration. The up/down

arrows to the left of the fields can be used to increment/decrement the cipher position in the

value, where the cursor is placed.

1. Expose the oxygen sensor to a defined low oxygen concentration (typically zero) and wait

till the signal is stable. 2. Enter the concentration value (e.g. 0) in the ‘Concentration’ field box next to the “Get low”

button. 3. Press the ‘Set Low’ button. It turns green after being pressed. 4. Expose the oxygen sensor to a defined high oxygen concentration (typically corresponding

to atmospheric saturation) and wait till the signal is stable. See the Seawater and Gases table in ’ Oxygen solubility table ‘ section or find a more detailed table at www.unisense.com to convert the partial pressure to a concentration value.

5. Enter the concentration value in the “Concentration” field next to the “Get High” button.

6. Press the ‘Set High’ button, the value is stored immediately. 7. Press the ‘F5’ button to reload the page to review and verify the stored calibration values

on the controller. 8. Once a deployment is started the calibration file will be copied and time stamped together

with the subsequent ADV and analogue data. When the data is subsequently downloaded and raw mV signals converted to e.g. oxygen concentration units, these calibration values will be used in the conversion. The stored calibration on the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit can be checked by downloading the ‘calibration.txt’ file from the ‘Deployment Files’ page found under ‘Deployment

setup .


Serial Setup

On the ‘Serial Connections’ page the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit can be configured to log data from 1 to 3 optodes by checking or un-checking each optode option. The number of serial inputs is system dependent; by default one optode connection is provided on the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit.

Deployment Setup

On this page, the settings to be used during the deployment are set and stored on the controller unit. Topmost on the ‘Deployment’ page the current expedition configuration file is printed out (the ‘deployment.txt’ file. This file contains the information needed by the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit to interact with the WEB interface and also contains deployment names and entered notes.

System Start and Stop Time

Below the presentation of the current ‘Deployment’ setup file the To enable a ‘Scheduled Start of DataLogger’ you have to enter a valid ‘System Start Time and Date’ and ‘System Stop Time and Date’. Used the dropdown lists to pick the day, month, hour and minute that you wish that the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit should start and stop. Use the current system time listed above these dropdown boxes to check that you are entering valid time points. If you need to change the real-time system clock please refer to the ‘System Setup’ section of this manual.

Deployment Names

In this free text field the user can enter a deployment name associated with the particular measurement. The deployment name will be used as a folder name on the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit and all deployment data are subsequently stored under this file folder on the data logger. This means that you can do multiple deployments under the same deployment name as each deployment dataset with have a unique time stamp prefix to each file. For further information look under the ‘Deployment Files’ section. NOTE: if no deployment name is entered as ‘default’ deployment name is used.

Deployment Notes

In this free text field the user can enter any deployment notes associated with the particular measurement. The notes will be time stamped and saved in the ‘deployment.txt’ files that is associated with every deployment. If you are doing multiple deployments under the same ‘Deployment Names’ you can still enter new notes as long as you press the ‘Save Deployment Notes’ button before starting a new deployment. NOTE: Before a deployment is started it is highly recommended to press the ‘F5’ button to reload the page to review and verify the stored deployment data and time point values on the controller.

DataLogger Start and Stop

The bottom part of the ‘Deployment Setup’ page contains the buttons to start and stop the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit. An Immediate start is possible by simply pressing the ‘Immediate Start of DataLogger’ button

. Following approximately 30s the logger will start to log data from all attached equipment and the LED light on the UWDL-ON001 start plug will go from Green blinking indicating that the controller is ON but inactive to Red blinking indicating that the controller is ON and is actively logging EC data. Following the entry of valid ‘Set System Start Time and Date’ and ‘Set System Stop Time and Date’ time points a Scheduled start is possible by simply pressing the ‘Scheduled Start of DataLogger’

button . Following approximately 30s the logger will be in a standby state and a timer is set to count down to the ‘Set System Start Time and Date’. Only past that point the LED light on the UWDL-ON001 start plug will go from Green blinking indicating that the controller is ON but

inactive to Red blinking indicating that the controller is ON and is actively logging EC data. By unplugging the UWDL-COM001 cable from the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit a full ‘STANDBY’ state can be entered that will lower the power consumption to a minimum. Should the ‘Scheduled Start of DataLogger’ button be pressed after a past time ‘Set System Start Time and Date’ or ‘Set System Stop Time and Date’ is set the systems just starts data logging.

At any point following an Immediate start or Scheduled start the ‘Stop DataLogger’ button can be pressed to enter into an ‘INACTIVE’ state. Should the LED light on the UWDL-ON001 start plug at any point light with Constant Red, the controller is in an error state, e.g. the vector is unconnected or is incorrectly setup. Please recheck that the vector is setup correctly by referring to the Appendix ‘Vector Deployment Setup’ pages for further information or contact Unisense at [email protected]. After the initiation, you can either keep the PC connected to observe the data online, or you can disconnect the PC and let the system work autonomously. WARNING: always remember to put dummies on open connectors on the system before immersion in water. If this is forgotten, the instruments may get damaged. NOTE: the data you observe online in the data display panel of WEB Interface are not stored on the PC. Only data actively stored by the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit in its memory are saved and must be downloaded to the computer for further processing.

Deployment Files

On this page, the data files associated with each individual deployment can be downloaded from the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit via the WEB interface.

1. Find the set of deployment files that matches your deployment name given during the

deployment setup. If no name was provided you will find the files in the ‘default’ directory. A timestamp prefix (in the format ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_) has been appended to the deployment file names. In the following, for simplicity the filenames will be mentioned without this prefix.

2. Press the ‘Download’ link for each file.

File 1: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_vector.dat File 2: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_adc.dat File 3: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_optode1.dat – (can be more than one e.g.

optode2.dat) File 4: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_deployment.txt File 5: ddmmyyyy_hhmmss_calibration.txt

3. The browser will prompt for a save directory or automatically place the files in the Windows Download folder.

4. The download process will start and the progress and time can usually be followed in the browser window.


Vector Deployment setup The following points should be checked before deployments.

Vector Sample Interval

1. Burst Mode: In the Vector.exe program under the Deployment planning dialog ‘Burst interval (s)’ is selected and the time for the interval length is set. The ‘Number of samples per burst’ is also set. The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit automatically detects the vector setup and obliges the chosen settings.

The Standard tab of the Deployment Planning dialog

2. Continuous sampling Mode: In the Vector.exe program in the Deployment planning dialog,

“Continuous sampling” is selected.

The advantage of method 1 is that deployments can be set with long Vector pauses. This will cause data to be discontinuous, but allow for long deployments, where battery capacity is saved, because the Vector goes to a low-power mode when the specified number of samples in each burst has been measured. The advantage of option 2 is that more continuous data can be logged because – as opposed to the Vector – the controller unit does not have a limit of 65535 continuous data points.

Signal Synchronization

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller Unit integrates the measurements from the Vector and from 4 high speed analogue channels, e.g. from the In Situ Eddy Amplifier for oxygen. For the perfect synchronization of the signals, the controller units uses a synchronization signal

from the Vector each time a velocity measurement is made (e.g. 64 times per second). To make this signal available to the controller unit, the Vector should be set up with Output Sync set to “for Vector”. This method of data synchronization results in perfect alignment of velocity and analogue data without any time lag between data points

The Advanced tab of the Deployment Planning dialog

Battery charging and maintenance The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit contains an internal rechargeable battery that powers the whole system. The nominal capacity is 30.8 Ah @ 25°C, and the current drawn is approx. 825 mA. There is an under-charge protection circuit, which in practice leaves an operation time of approx. 34 hours. The battery is a Lithium-ion polymer type (LiPol). It has a very low self-discharge rate and will remain charged for at least one year when not used.

IMPORTANT

Batteries can ONLY be charged at operating temperatures from 0-40°C. Although the system runs perfectly on the charger, e.g. in a laboratory setting, the self heating of the system during use can be close to 40°C. There is an intelligent charging circuit that lowers the charging effect or even stops charging as the system temperature approaches 40°C. This results in prolonged charging time. Also note that the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit cylinder is black and if left charging in the sunlight e.g. on a frame onboard a ship, the internal temperature will quickly increase above 40°C. Protect against sunlight and cover the cylinder with a wet towel for cooling.

Charging the battery

If the batteries run low, or the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit automatically turns off (battery protection mode), it is time to recharge the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit. Plug the charger into the charger connector of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit. The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit turns on during charging, but will not allow polarization of sensors or measurements. When charging initiates the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit can be accessed via the Web interface, and the charging process can be

followed in the ‘System Check’ page where the battery status bar chart will indicate the current battery level. Disconnecting during and after charging will turn the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit off. Charging takes approximately 4-8 hours. NOTE: Air transport of LiPol batteries is regulated due to potential hazard. When travelling, keep the battery Material Safety Data Sheet with the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller, to verify that the battery load is not prohibitive. The Material Safety Data Sheet is provided with the system.

Data record types and files A filename generated by the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit consists of a date/time for the conversion and a file caption and extension- In this chapter only the file caption and extension is used when a file type is discussed. During a conversion the contents of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit data files (vector.dat, adc.dat, optode1.dat (if available), and calibration.txt) are used to generate different sets of output files. The two other files (vector_EddyFlux.txt or vector_NIOO.TXT description) hold velocity parameters along with calibrated oxygen values and are the primary files for Eddy Correlation flux calculations.

Output data files

vector_EddyFlux.txt description

This file format is intended for direct import into the EddyFlux software created by Peter Berg and supplied by Unisense A/S. The oxygen concentration data in this file is calculated using the relevant oxygen or other sensor calibration (from the calibration.txt stored with identical timestamp on the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit or from an alternative calibration entered before conversion).

Vector_EddyFlux.txt

Column Type Unit

1 Time Hours

2 Velocity X cm/s

3 Velocity Y cm/s

4 Velocity Z cm/s

5 Channel 1 mV or user defined unit e.g. µM

6 Pressure dBar




vector_NIOO.TXT description

This file format is intended for direct import into the R-package for eddy flux calculation created by Tom Cox* et al. (Ref pending). The oxygen concentration data in this file is calculated using the relevant oxygen or other sensor calibration (from the calibration.txt stored on the Unisense Eddy correlation system2 controller or from an alternative calibration entered before conversion).

Filename description

Vector_NIOO.txt

Column Type Unit

0 Burst counter integer

1 Time Seconds

2 Velocity X m/s

3 Velocity Y m/s

4 Velocity Z m/s


6 vx_corr %

7 vy_corr %

8 vz_corr %




12 Pressure dBar

*: Tom Cox, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ-Yerseke), 4401 NT Yerseke, Netherlands, E-mail: [email protected]

Optode1.txt description

The optode1.txt file contains all the optode data logged serially from the connected optode(s). During the conversion by the EC Data Conversion Tool the optode data is down sampled to 15 min intervals by calculating the mean from between to quarterly hour time points starting from the first data logged until 15 min data has been summed and taken the mean off. The timestamp is from the start of the mean interval.

Average start(Hours) Oxygen(µM) Saturation(%) Temperature(C)

18,69361 184,84 58,19 14,56

18,94361 184,95 58,23 14,56

19,19361 185,47 58,40 14,57

19,44361 185,64 58,47 14,58

19,69361 185,63 58,47 14,58

19,94361 185,69 58,50 14,59

The down sampled ‘optode.txt’ file is based on the original Optode1 data telegrams sampled every 10 seconds. These are found in the text based optode.dat file and can be analyzed separately if needed.

ProbeData.txt description (Bottom Echo)

This file is an unfolding of the bottom echo telegram (probe check: A507) directly imported from the Nortek Vector. The distance from the measuring volume to the bottom is found in the first line. Below this line the data to reconstruct the probe check data is listed.

Probe data plotted in Excel

Vec_resp_user_conf.txt description

This file holds a readable, ASCII version, of all Combined Vector System Data records (A511 records). See the Nortek Vector manual for further information and below.

Conversion_log.txt description

This file is a raw output of the messages that are emitted from and shown in the log window is the EC Data Conversion Tool. These are saved to file in a text format.

Vector auxiliary sensor data

The vector data stored by the Unisense Eddy correlation system2 controller can provide the data for the Vector temperature, pressure, tilt and compass sensors in an easily accessible format. The vector.dat file can be directly converted with the ‘Vector.exe’ software from Nortek. The output files consists of a set of files (see the Vector documentation) with the names VECTOR.sen, VECTOR.dat, and VECTOR.vhd).

Distance to bottom (mm): 130.47

Range Beam1 Beam2 Beam3

0.00 186 186 186

0.00 184 184 184

0.00 161 161 161

0.00 136 136 136

0.00 110 110 110

0.00 89 89 89

0.00 93 93 92

0.00 95 95 95

0.00 94 95 94

0.00 94 94 94

0.00 83 84 83

0.00 72 72 71

..... …. … ..

0.00 64 63 62

Oxygen sensor: background, handling and mounting Unisense Eddy Oxygen microsensors are Clark-type sensors, in which oxygen reacts on a polarized internal surface near the tip membrane, generating a current which is proportional to the oxygen concentration. Because the sensor tip membrane area is very small, only small amounts of oxygen can enter the sensor and the resulting current is in the pico ampere range. Thus a specialized eddy correlation amplifier that can both provide the necessary -0.8V polarization and noise free amplification of the delicate signals is necessary.

Inspection and maintenance of the oxygen microsensor before use

Oxygen microsensor in its protective casing. The oxygen microsensor is shipped and stored in a protective casing. Upon arrival from Unisense, the sensor should be inspected and tested. Inspection includes signs of physical damage during transport and the electrolyte level of the sensor. There will normally be an air bubble of 5-10 mm length in the electrolyte. However, for sensors for deployment deeper than 50 m, the sensor is pressure-compensated, which means that the sensor has two fine channels leading from the electrolyte to the exterior. If evaporation or leakage through these channels has caused the air-bubble to be up to 2.5 cm long, the channels should be identified under a dissection microscope and distilled water should be injected, using a ø0.40 mm/27G needle. If the bubble is even bigger, electrolyte solution (0.5 M KCl + 0.5 M HCO3-/CO3-, pH 10.3) should be injected. NOTE: TAKE CARE NOT TO INJECT WATER OR ELECTROLYTE INTO THE CENTER GLASS TUBE – THIS MAY DESTROY THE SENSOR.

Close-up of the back end of an oxygen microsensor in its protective casing. The arrow indicates the air bubble in the electrolyte. When the oxygen sensor is connected to an amplifier and polarized, the signal output will initially exhibit a ‘burn-in’ curve until it stabilizes. The burn-in period can be up to an hour.

Above a schematic burn-in trace of the oxygen signal after mounting on the In Situ Eddy Amplifier and connecting to the controller unit is shown. In this case, the signal stabilizes after approx. 300 seconds.

4200000

4700000

5200000

5700000

6200000

6700000

7200000

7700000

8200000

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

time (s)

AL

L s

ign

al

(co

un

ts)

The Unisense in situ connector system The Unisense in situ connector system is designed for easy replacement of sensors.

Overview

Unisense in situ connector system is a dedicated system for mounting microsensors :

simple snap-on mounting

improved protection of the sensor tip during handling and preparations

improved shielding which makes the sensor signal very stable also in a laboratory setting The connector system is used on all types of Unisense in situ instruments (Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit, MiniProfiler MP4, Deep Sea Lander, and UnderWater Meter), together with the in situ amplifiers.

Locking ring

Membrane

Window

Installation of the microsensor in the sensor holder unit

1. First, check the sensor condition and performance as described in the sensor manual. 2. Pull the compensation membrane approx. 20 mm back with your fingers

3. Using a fine screwdriver, carefully pry one end of the engaging nut locking ring out of the groove by placing the screw driver between the engaging nut and one end of the locking ring and rotating the screwdriver tip.

4. Carefully pry the locking ring progressively around the sleeve until it is completely clear of the groove.

5. Pull the locking ring down the sleeve to the compensation membrane.

6. Pull the engaging nut down the sleeve to the locking ring

7. Loosen the tightener on the sensor protector and pull the sensor somewhat back to expose approx. 5 cm of the parallel-sided part of the sensor glass casing and tighten the tightener again. CAUTION: do not pull the sensor so far that the tapering enters the tightener. This may cause the sensor tip to break against the walls of the sensor protector. NOTE: the tighteners should never be removed completely – which can cause the O-ring and conical disk to fall out – only loosened and fastened.

8. Align the sensor and the sleeve on a desktop

9. Loosen the sleeve tightener 10. insert the sensor wires through the sleeve tightener and push the sensor in until the sensor

wires appear through the top of the sleeve unit

11. Take a sensor connector insert with the right color code (see color code section below) for the sensor to be used. Check that the O-rings are present, lubricated, and intact. Regarding lubrication of the O-rings of the sensor connector insert: after cleaning (if necessary) apply O-ring grease such that the O-rings and grooves are covered. Remove excess grease with a dry clean cloth until the O-rings only have a thin shiny layer of grease.

12. Connect the sensor wires to the connector insert according to the color code.

13. Gently pull the sensor protector and sensor out until there is approx. 15 millimeters between the connector insert and the sleeve. CAUTION: in this step, make sure that the sensor wires are not getting caught on the edge of the sleeve. If the wires are caught on the sleeve and the sensor is pulled, the connections between the wires and sensor may get damaged.

14. Gently rotate the connector insert quarter turns back and forth while pushing it into the sleeve. When the insert has been pushed a few millimeters in, the protector with the sensor should be pulled out correspondingly.

15. When the insert O-rings meet the sleeve the resistance increases. Push a bit harder to overcome this resistance. CAUTION: make sure the alignment ridge on the insert is aligned with the alignment cut-out of the sleeve.

16. Push the insert completely in.

17. Pull the engaging nut in place and secure it with the locking ring

18. The sensor position can now be adjusted some millimeters out or in by pulling or pushing the protector with the sensor. CAUTION: do not use excessive force when adjusting the sensor position, as this may damage the sensor wires.

19. Tighten the sleeve tightener to secure the sensor position.

20. Place the sensor/holder unit in a slightly tilted position with the sleeve window facing up and a piece of paper tissue under. Fill a syringe with a needle with paraffin oil. Slowly drip paraffin oil into the sleeve window. Allow a few minutes for the oil to displace all air inside and continue dripping oil until the oil level is constantly close to the window. Any excess oil should be captured by the paper tissue. CAUTION: excess oil on the outside of the sensor/holder unit should be removed, as the oil can damage especially pH electrodes and as oil increases the risk of accident during handling.

21. Slide the membrane back over the window.

22. Carefully slide the needle under the membrane and fill the membrane with oil, while allowing the air to escape along the needle. Take care to capture excess oil in a paper towel. Let the sensor rest for 5 minutes with the window pointing up to allow time for remaining air to flow into the membrane. To get the last air out, it may be necessary to rotate the sensor such that the window points down and the remaining airbubble is trapped on the opposite side and fill oil from that side.

CAUTION: it is important for proper pressure compensation that only a small amount of air (a bubble of max. 5-8 mm diameter) remains in the membrane.

23. The sensor unit can now be attached to the amplifier and function tests and calibrations of the sensor can be performed with the sensor protector mounted. Unplug the sensor unit from the amplifier before proceeding to the next step.

24. To remove the sensor protector before measurements (and perhaps final calibrations) slide the alignment tool over the assembled sensor/holder unit.

25. Tighten the sleeve tightener, and loosen the sensor protector tigthener. Pull the sensor protector out.

26. Slide the alignment tool back over the sleeve. CAUTION: the sensor tip is now unprotected and will easily break on contact with solid objects.

27. Carefully mount the sensor unit on the amplifier before measurements and final calibrations.

Alignment tool

Unmounting the microsensor from the sensor holder unit

1. Detach the sensor/holder unit from the amplifier. Take care not to break the sensor tip.

2. Push the alignment tool over the connector end of the sleeve until the sensor tip is at least 50 millimeters inside the opposite end of the alignment tool.

3. Insert the sensor protector into the alignment tool after making sure that the tightener is loose and push until the sensor is well inside the protector.

4. Tighten the protector tightener.

5. Pull the membrane approx. 20 millimeters down.

6. Pry the locking ring off and pull down the engaging nut.

7. Loosen the sleeve tightener and push the sensor slightly in until there is resistance from the wires. Catch the oil that spills out of the window in paper tissue.

8. Push the tip of a fine flat screwdriver in between the connector insert and the top of the sleeve on the side opposite to the alignment ridge. Carefully pry the insert out of the sleeve and subsequently pull the insert gently out until the sensor wires resist. If the connection between sensor wires and connector insert is not exposed, push the sensor a bit further in and pull the insert correspondingly out. Catch the oil that spills out in paper tissue or a beaker.

9. Detach the sensor wires by holding the connector insert in one hand and in turn pushing each gold connector on the sensor wires off with the other hand. A pair of tweezers can be used. CAUTION: be care not to pull the sensor wires, they make break if pulled.

10. Pull the sensor out, while making sure that the sensor wires are not caught on the sleeve. 11. Wipe excess oil off the sleeve and sensor.

Sensor connector color codes

The sensor connector insert viewed from the sensor side:

Amperometric:- Oxygen- H2S- H2

Potentiometric:- pH- redox

Cu

Ref.

Co

Temperature:

Co

Sensing

Pt1000

Guard

Ref.

Sensing

Refilling electrolytes on deep sea In Situ Sensors

Important for deep sea in situ sensors:

To enable pressure compensation in the electrolyte reservoir, the in situ sensors are equipped with two channels. Over time electrolyte in the sensor can evaporate or leak through these channels. Sufficient levels of electrolyte in the sensor are required for connection between the anodes and the cathodes of H2S and O2 sensors, and for connection between the internal reference of redox and pH electrodes. Furthermore, sufficient electrolyte volume shields against electrical noise. Therefore, it is critical to maintain appropriate electrolyte volume in the sensor. The sensor has appropriate electrolyte volume when only a small air bubble (>0.1mL) is present in the electrolyte reservoir. A minor leak of electrolyte (<10%) can be restored by injecting distilled water into the sensor. In case of an over 10 % leak, the electrolyte should be refilled with the specific electrolyte described in the recipes below.

How to make electrolyte for in situ sensors?

pH/redox electrodes: 1 M KCl Oxygen sensors: Add to 1 L of distilled water: 11.25 g KHCO3 25.90 g K2CO3 39.00 g KCl H2S: 50 mL 0.5 M KHCO3 + 50 mL 0.5 M K2CO3 giving solution A Add and dissolve 1.64 g K3Fe(CN)6 in solution A. Chemical grade: Pro analysis, use double distilled water. The solution must be absolutely clean, and kept absolutely dark.

Procedure for refilling in situ sensor electrolyte

CAUTION: The cavity in the centre glass tube of the sensor/electrode with the blank wire is also pressure compensated with a channel, therefore be careful not accidentally to fill electrolyte into this cavity, as this may destroy the sensor. At receipt of the microsensor you will find a syringe embedded in the top sealing of the sensor (see picture above). This syringe must be removed prior to assembly of the sensor and in situ connector. When removing the syringe from the top sealing a channel spanning the sealing will appear. Through this channel pressure compensation of the microsensor occurs. Refilling of electrolyte is completed through this channel. Use a clean syringe with a needle of 0.4 mm and fill electrolyte into the syringe, try to remove any air from the syringe. Locate the channel and insert the needle through it, while keeping the sensor vertical (tip down). Position the needle tip close to the current electrolyte surface and inject slowly. The electrolyte levels should now increase, with the air escaping through the second channel in the top sealing of the microsensor. If electrolyte escapes instead of air try to change channel, inject faster/slower ect. Keep a piece of paper tissue around the top of the sensor to catch spills.

Oxygen solubility table The table below shows equilibrium concentrations of oxygen (µmol O2/litre) at ambient partial pressure of 0.21 atm. in water as a function of temperature and salinity. More detailed tables available at www.unisense.com.

Temperature (°C)

Salinity (‰) 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

0.0 456.6 398.9 352.6 314.9 283.9 257.9 235.9 217.0 200.4

2.0 450.4 393.6 348.1 311.1 280.6 255.0 233.3 214.7 198.3

4.0 444.2 388.5 343.7 307.3 277.3 252.1 230.8 212.4 196.3

6.0 438.1 383.3 339.4 303.6 274.0 249.3 228.3 210.2 194.3

8.0 432.1 378.3 335.1 299.9 270.8 246.5 225.8 207.9 192.3

10.0 426.1 373.3 330.8 296.2 267.6 243.7 223.3 205.7 190.3

12.0 420.3 368.4 326.7 292.6 264.5 240.9 220.9 203.6 188.4

14.0 414.5 363.5 322.5 289.1 261.4 238.2 218.5 201.4 186.5

16.0 408.8 358.7 318.4 285.5 258.3 235.5 216.1 199.3 184.6

18.0 403.2 354.0 314.4 282.1 255.3 232.8 213.7 197.2 182.7

20.0 397.7 349.3 310.4 278.6 252.3 230.2 211.4 195.1 180.8

22.0 392.2 344.7 306.5 275.2 249.3 227.6 209.1 193.0 179.0

24.0 386.8 340.2 302.6 271.9 246.4 225.0 206.8 191.0 177.1

26.0 381.5 335.7 298.7 268.5 243.5 222.5 204.5 189.0 175.3

28.0 376.2 331.2 294.9 265.3 240.6 219.9 202.3 187.0 173.5

30.0 371.0 326.9 291.2 262.0 237.8 217.4 200.1 185.0 171.7

32.0 365.9 322.5 287.5 258.8 235.0 215.0 197.9 183.0 170.0

34.0 360.9 318.3 283.9 255.7 232.2 212.5 195.7 181.1 168.2

36.0 355.9 314.1 280.3 252.5 229.5 210.1 193.6 179.2 166.5

38.0 351.0 309.9 276.7 249.5 226.8 207.7 191.4 177.3 164.8

40.0 346.2 305.8 273.2 246.4 224.1 205.4 189.3 175.4 163.1

42.0 341.4 301.8 269.7 243.4 221.5 203.1 187.3 173.6 161.5


Updating the Controller Firmware If the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller firmware needs updating, this can be done by the user after receiving a firmware update file from Unisense. The procedure is as follows:

1. Make sure the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit battery (internal or external) is charged (see ‘Battery charging and maintenance’ for details).

2. Turn the controller on using the UWDL-ON001 plug or with an external power supply (UWDL-PWR001 cable).

3. Connect the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit to a Ethernet (LAN port on the PC) with the UWDL-COM001 cable

4. Start by logging in to the WEB Browser Interface on IP address 10.254.239.1 5. Make sure that the system is in ‘Inactive’ mode. The current mode is shown in the ‘Main’

page . If needed stop the system on the ‘Deployment Setup’ page .

6. Enter into the ‘System Setup’ page and select the ‘Firmware Update’ menu . 7. Check that the current firmware version number is lower than the received firmware

update (the latter number in the file name of the firmware update). 8. Place the received firmware update file from Unisense on a local harddrive on the PC used

for the upgrading. 9. Browse to the firmware update file that you have downloaded from Unisense. 10. Once selected, press the ‘Update’ button .

NOTE: PRESS ONLY ONCE!

11. Leave the system to upload and unpack the firmware update file. It can take several minutes. The progress will be shown as text messages during or after the update process.

12. Once done, the system will reboot automatically. 13. After about a minute the system has restarted and you will have to log into the Unisense

Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit again. Press the refresh button on the web browser to go to the login page.

14. The Nortek Vector may in some cases have to be reset or re-configured using the Vector.exe software according to the Appendix A in this manual.

Interfacing other Serial sensors The Unisense Field Datalogger is designed to be able to interface with up to 3 additional serial inputs that are sampled at 1 Hz or slower. The sensor signals and serial telegrams are stored in their full entity.

An Aanderaa oxygen optode which can be mounted for reference measurements.

Example: reference optode

A reference Aanderaa optode is often used to validate the microelectrode measured oxygen levels. Logging data from the Aanderaa optode also facilitates recalibration of the microelectrode data in the event of drift. The Aanderaa optode itself has a yearlong lasting calibration and thus does not need to be recalibrated unless the sensing foil is changed (please refer to the optode manual for recalibration, Unisense A/S supplies the communication cable ‘optode setup cable’ with the Aanderaa optode). Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit will automatically setup the optodes for correct datalogging but you will have to set the salinity compensation parameter manually as described below.

Setting the salinity parameter on an Aanderaa optode

The RS-232 protocol describes how to communicate with the sensor. To establish the communication between a PC and the Aanderaa 4175, 3975, or 4330 optode you should use the ‘Optode Setup Cable’ (Sensor Cable #3855).

Most terminal programs, such as e.g. the HyperTerminal by Hilgraeve Inc can be used for communication with the sensor. The HyperTerminal comes with older version of windows and can be downloaded from Hilgraeve as a trail version for newer versions of windows (vista and Win7). The following note is made using the HyperTerminal

1. Open the terminal program

2. Select ‘File’’New Connection’.

3. Name the connection, e.g. ‘Optode’ and press ‘OK’

4. In the ‘Connect To’ window select the Comm port that the optode is connected to e.g. ‘COM 12’, then click ‘Configure’.

5. Setup the port settings as follows: The following RS232 setup should be used for the terminal setup:

9600 Baud

8 Data bits

1 Stop bit

No parity

Xon/Xoff Handshake

6. Press ‘Ok’

7. You should see the following the window:

8. To enable command sending go to ‘File’’Properties’ and click ‘ASCII Setup’

9. Make sure that ‘Send line ends with line feed’ and ‘Echo typed characters locally’ are ticked.

NOTE! Select the options ’Sent line ends with line feeds’ and ‘Echo line ends with line feeds’ in the Hyper Terminal.

10. Press ‘Ok’. Now you are setup to change the salinity.

11. To check the salinity make a text file (.txt format) using NotePad with the following text:

12. In the terminal window select ‘Transfer’’Send text file’ and you should see the below

window. Select the file ‘Get_Salinity’ and press ‘Open’

13. In the window you should see the following:

In this case that salinity is set to Zero

14. To change the salinity make a text file (.txt format) using Note Pad with the following text:

It is important to used the command ‘Set_protect(1)’ and ‘Save’ as depicted above otherwise the salinity setting is not set permanently.

15. In the terminal window select ‘Transfer’’Send text file’ and you should see the below

window. Select the file ‘Set_Salinity’ and press ‘Open’. The following should happen:

16. You can check the setting by repeating the ‘Get_Salinity’ command. In the terminal window select ‘Transfer’’Send text file’ and you should see the below window. Select the file ‘Get_Salinity’ and press ‘Open’.

17. The special version, Get_All, reads out all available properties in the sensor:

The Get_All command yields all the foil constants and calibration numbers.

Interfacing other analogue sensors The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit has as default 4 high speed and galvanically isolated analogue input channels. These channels are tested against the Unisense in situ amplifiers with regards to high signal quality and stability.

The pins on the 5-pin female bulkheads (SubConn MCBH5FSS) are as follows:

PIN1 – GND

PIN2 – +5 VDC

PIN3 – -5 VDC

PIN4 – SIGNAL

PIN5 – EGND/HOUSING

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller unit can deliver a maximum of ±10mA@±5V per channel and the current draw will affect the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller default specified battery deployment time.

Light weight Peter Berg EC Frame assembly

The EC Frame, 3-legged light weight frame

Assembling the frame

1) Take the parts out of the transportation box and find leveled and clean place where the assembly can take place.

2) Start by assembling 2 of the 3 corners of the triangular frame by mounting the legs through the aligned holes in the corners.

3) Loosely screw the nuts on top of the two legs to hold them in place. 4) Take the vector and sensor holder arm that holds the vector and sensors and mount the

lower vector holder on it.

5) The mount the vector holder frame part on the vector and sensor holder arm and complete the triangle by mounting the 3rd leg. Make sure that the Sensor holder arm is pointing to one of the legs. If not, the flip the vector holder frame 180⁰.

6) Mount the second vector holder bracelet on top. 7) Screw on the last leg nuts and fasten them tight hold the legs in place and to make the

frame structure ridged. 8) Then mount the sensor holder on the sensor holder arm 9) Finally mount the vector and sensors in the vector and amplifier bracelets.

EC Frame (Heavy) assembly

The EC Frame, 5-legged The purposes of the EC frame is to position the micro-sensor near to the Vectors detecting volume and furthermore lift the unit from the seafloor. The frame can be assembled with three and five legs. The five legged version is more compact and stiffer.

Preparing the assembly

The following tools are used for the assembly: - 13mm fork wrench - 17mm fork wrench - 6 mm Allen key, angled - 6 mm Allen Screwdriver - 4 mm Allen key, angled

Assembling the main frame, 5 legged

1) Assemble the Vector fit onto the 13.01 Star Bracket, using the following parts:

2) Using five M8x16 bolts, mount the 13.02 Support Flange on to the 12.01 Thread Flensch:

3) Turn the Assembly upside down and insert the rubber seal and the 12.02 Gasket Pressure ring:

4) Mount the Assembly underneath the 13.01 Star Bracket using five M8 x 25 bolts.

13.01 Star Bracket

13.02 Support Flange

12:01 Thread Flange

12.02 Gasket Pressure ring

Rubber seal

5 x M8x16 umbraco bolts

5 x M8x25 umbraco bolts

5) Repeat step 1 – 4 and assemble an additional 13.01 Star Bracket which is a mirror image of

the previous:

6) One by one, mount the 10.01 Wing plate onto the two 13.01 Star Brackets using 2 x

M8x16 bolts and nuts:

13.01 Star Bracket

10.01 Wing plate

7) One by one mount the 10.02 Legs in the desired height onto the 10.01 Wing plates using 2

x M8x16 umbraco bolts and nuts:

8) Mount the wire between the legs. Each leg should have an upper and a lower wire fixation

consisting of: a M8x16 umbraco bolt is inserted from the inside of the leg which has a small washer (o.d. 16mm, i.d. 8.4 mm, 2.5 mm thick), a large washer (M8, o.d. 24 mm), and an M8 lock bolt mounted on the outside. Fasten one end of the wire in one wire fixation and lead it over and under the upper and lower wire fixations on the neighboring legs.

10.01 Wing plate

13.02 Leg

9) Tighten the wire and lock it at each wire holding bolt:

Assembling the main frame, 3 legged

1) Assembling the Vector fit onto the 14.01 Star Flange, using the following parts:

2) Using 5 M8 x 16 umbraco bolts and washers mount the 12:01 Thread Flange onto the

14:01 Star Flange:

3) Turn the assembly upside down and insert the rubber seal and 12.02 Gasket Pressure Ring:

14.03 Support Ring

12:01 Thread Flange

14:01 Star Flange

12.02 Gasket Pressure ring

Rubber seal

M8x16 umbraco bolts

M8 Washer

M8x25 umbraco bolts

4) Using 5 x M8x25 umbraco bolts mount the 14.03 Support Ring onto the assembly:

5) Repeat 1 to 4 to assemble an additional 14.01 Star Flange 6) Using M8x16 umbraco bolts mount the three 14.02 Star Arm Top onto one 14.01 Star

Flange and mount the three 14.04 Star Arm Bottom onto the other 14.01 Star Flange:

7) Mount three wing plates onto the two assemblies using M8x16 bolts and nuts:

The width of the frame can be adjusted by using different mounting holes in the Star arms:

8) One by one mount the 10.02 Legs in the desired height onto the 10.01 Wing plates using M8x16 bolts and nuts:

9) Sew the wire between the legs:

10) Tighten the wire and lock it at each wire holding bolt:

Mounting the Vector

1) Slide the Vector into the 13.01Star bracket:

2) Tighten the five bolts on the 13.01 Star bracket. Remember to tighten on the top most and

lowest Star bracket. This will compress the rubber seal which will expand and hold the Vector into the position:

Mounting the In Situ Eddy Amplifier holder

1) Slide the In Situ Eddy Amplifier holder over the Vector arm:

2) Slide the In Situ Eddy Amplifier holder onto the Vector housing and tighten the finger screw

to fix the holder onto the Vector.

Adjusting the sensor position

The sensors position can be fine-scale adjusted using the adjustment screws on the In Situ Eddy Amplifier holder: Horizontal adjust Horizontal lock Vertical adjust Vertical adjust

Mount the Detecting volume indicator and adjust the Indicator so its center is 15cm below the Vector head. Using the Horizontal and Vertical adjustment screws on the In Situ Eddy Amplifier holder adjust the sensor into position. Remember to lock both the Horizontal and Vertical screws.

Mounting the controller

Mount the controller in the controller holders, which are mounted on a wing.

Maintenance

After usage all parts should be rinsed with fresh water. The EC frame is electro-polished which produces the shiny surface. To keep the surface spray the metals parts with WD-40 and dry it off with cloth after usage.

15cm

Indicator

Detecting volume

indicator tool

EC External Battery

General description

The purposes of the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 external battery is to increase operation time of the EC system. Having a battery capacity of 68Ah the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2

controller operation time is extended by 3 days per battery attached. It is possible to daisy chain several external batteries to increase the capacity further. The external battery is rechargeable. With UWDL-BAT001 cable connected the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 controller the system starts up with the UWDL-ON001 start plug connected to the battery pack. The system will run from the external battery until its capacity is used. Hereafter the internal battery will take over

and power the system for the ~30-34 hours at 25C. If the battery accidently is short-circuited it will shut down. It can be restarted by attaching the UWDL-CHG001. The battery has a self discharge and thus need to be charged to 30-40% every half year when stocked.

Connecting the battery

The Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 External battery is connected to the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller using a UWDL-BAT001 cable using the following procedure:

1) Connect Vector and In Situ Eddy Amplifier to the EC controller. 2) Remove the dummy connectors from the ‘CHARGE/BATT.’ Connector on the Unisense Eddy

Correlation System2 Controller. Connect the 8 pin male connector from the UWDL-BAT001 cable to this port.

3) Remove the dummy connector to from the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 External battery port ‘POWER OUT’. Connect the 8 pin female connector from the UWDL-BAT001 cable to this port.

4) Tighten all locking sleeves. The EC system is now powered up and is ready to start measurements.

5) Start up the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2 Controller by plugging the UWDL-ON001 start plug in ‘ON/OFF CHARGE’ port on the battery pack

6) If additional external batteries should be used then connect a second UWDL-BAT001 cable between the ‘ON/OFF CHARGE’ and the ‘POWER OUT’ connectors on two external batteries: Start up the Unisense Eddy Correlation System2

Controller by plugging the UWDL-ON001 start plug in ‘ON/OFF CHARGE’ port on the last battery pack

Charging the EC external battery pack

The EC external battery pack is charged using the UWDL-CHG001 charger. Connect the charger to the EC external battery’s ‘ON/OFF CHARGE’ connector. Connect the charger to the mains. Charging time is approximately 6-7 hours.

Charger and Cylinder Specifications

Housing

Material Anodized Aluminum

Depth rating 300 meter (4000 meter optional)

Battery

Type Rechargeable Li-ion (ACTECH – INR18650A220)

Voltage 7.4 V

Shutdown voltage 4.0V

Maximum current 5A

Capacity 61.6 Ah

Other Short-circuit protected at 8A

Cycles 500-1000 (the deeper discharge the less amount of cycles)

Charger

Type MultiComp (MCEXT12V60W)

Input Voltage 90 -264V AC 47 - 63Hz

Charging current 5000mA

Charging time 6-7 hours

Field Datalogger Specification

EC Datalogger

Shallow

Controller Unit

Housing 10.5 cm OD x 42 cm

Volume (L) 3,64

Weight - Air (Kg) 6,85

Weight - Water (Kg) 3,2

Operating Temperature -10 - 60°C

Depth range 300 m (optional 4000 m)

CPU 600 MHz

Memory Capacity 8 - 32 GB

OS Linux + EC Firmware

Battery

Internal Capacity 30.8 Ah @ 7.4V

Capacity for 34 h @ 25C

Recharge Time 8 h

Charging Temperature 0 - 40°C

Ext. Batt. Capacity 61.6 Ah @ 7.4V

Capacity for 68 h @ 25C

Recharge Time 8 h (estimated)

Direct power supply Yes

Power supply for external equipment 2 x 12V/1A or 2 x 24V/0.5A (one at a time)

Analog-to-digital converter

Resolution 16 bit (2-3 extra by oversampling)

Speed 10 Ksps

Logging Speed >1KHz

Galvanic channels 4

Other channels 3 (4)

Input Range ±5 V default (±1V, ±2V, ±10V optional)

Microsensor Amplifier

In Situ Amplifier - Eddy (Ox, H2S, Cond, Temp...) pA, mV

Response time t90% < 40 ms

Integrated input noise current (peak - peak) 50 fA, 50 nV

Communication with equipment

UART (3 x RS-232/1 x 485) 4 configurable

ADV support

Nortek Vector Seriel protocol implemented

Nortek Vectrino Q2-2012

Sontek ADVOcean 2012

Optode support

1-3 Optodes AADI serial protocol

Other support

EC sensors Salinity, Temp Yes

CTD (Conductivity, temperature and depth) Yes

Light sensor Yes

I/O channels 5 - 15

Communication with User

Ethernet point-to-point PC control software (real time)

Ethernet Webserver Control via Web browser

USB Mass Storage Possible

Download speed 2-3MB/s ~3 min/day of data

Computer System Requirements

PC with - Microsoft Windows XP/Vista/Win7 (32 or 64 bit) operating system - Minimum 2 Gb RAM - Free hard disk: 1 GB + size of data files: approx. 14 MB/hour at 64 Hz - Screen resolution: 1024*768 - Ethernet LAN port

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