(eBook) - IBWAP2013 - Abstract

13th

International Balkan Workshop

on Applied Physics Constanţa, Romania, July 4-6, 2013

Book of Abstracts

Editors:

Marius BELC, Iuliana M. STĂNESCU

Constanţa, 2013

13th

International Balkan Workshop on Applied

Physics Constanţa, Romania, July 4-6, 2013

Is jointly organized by:

OVIDIUS UNIVERSITY OF CONSTANTA

in cooperation with:

BALKAN PHYSICAL UNION ROMANIAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY

under the patronage of:

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, RESEARCH, YOUTH AND SPORTS

Chairman Marius Belc

Physics and Electronics Department Chair, Ovidius University of Constanta

Co-Chairman: Co-Chairman:

Yesim Oktem President, Balkan Physical Union

Nicolae V. Zamfir President, Romanian Physical Society

Steering Committee

Dănuț Tiberius Epure Rector, Ovidius University of Constanța

Gabriela Stanciu Vice-Rector,Ovidius University of Constanța

International Organizing Committee

Goran Djordjević (vicepresident of BPU), Athanasios Lambros (General Secretary of BPU),

Radu Constantinescu (Scientific Secretary of BPU), Nicholai Tonchev (Scientific Project Coordinator of BPU),

Baki Akkus (Turkish Physical Society), Angelos Angelopoulos (Hellenic Physical Society),

Emil Burzo (Romanian Physical Society and Romanian Academy of Science), Damyan N. Damyanov (Union of Scientists in Bulgaria),

Antoneta Deda (Albanian Physical Society), Stavros Ioannou (Physical Society of Cyprus), Valeriu Kantser (Moldovian Physical Society),

Predrac Miranovic (Physical Society of Montenegro), Zenun Mulaj (Albanian Physical Society),

Alexander Petrov (Bulgarian Physical Society), E. Polychroniadis (Hellenic Physical Society)

Local Organizing Committee

Viorica Popescu, Ovidius University

Rodica Vladoiu, Ovidius University Iuliana M. Stănescu, Ovidius University

Aurelia Mandeș, Ovidius University Mirela Conțulov, Ovidius University Virginia Dincă, Ovidius University

Gabriel Prodan, Ovidius University Madalina Prodan, Ovidius University

Viorel Ionescu, Ovidius University Florin Moscalu, Ovidius University

Corneliu I Oprea, Ovidius University Camelia Oprea, Ovidius University Jeanina Lungu, Ovidius University

Constanța Ștefanov, Ovidius University

Petre Panait, Ovidius University Mihai A. Gîrțu, Ovidius University

Advisory Committee

Horia Alexandru (Romania) Alexandru Aldea (Romania)

Stefan Antohe (Romania) Simion Astilean (Romania)

Metin Arik (Turkey) Pervin Arikan (Turkey)

Nicolae Avram (Romania) Dimiter Balabanski (Bulgaria)

Antun Balaž (Serbia) Virgil Baran (Romania)

Ibrahim Belenli (Turkey) P. Berberi (Albania)

Dj. Bek-Uzarov (Serbia) Aleksandar Bogojević (Serbia)

Dennis Bonatsos (Greece) Madalin Bunoiu (Romania)

Emil Burzo (Romania) Gheorghe Cata-Danil (Romania)

Gabriela Carja (Romania) Gheorghe V. Cimpoca (Romania)

Victor Ciupină (Romania) Horia Chiriac (Romania) Onuc Cozar (Romania)

Vladimir Cvjetković (Serbia) Dragoljub Dimitrijević (Serbia)

Maria Dinescu (Romania) Ivan Dojčinović (Serbia) Mahmut Dogru (Turkey) Branko Dragović(Serbia) Miroljub Dugić(Serbia) Mustafa Erol (Turkey)

Mats Fahlman (Sweden) Mihai Gîrţu (Romania) A. Georgieva (Bulgaria)

Constantin Grigoriu (Romania) Husnu Salih Guder (Turkey)

Dan Grecu (Romania) Felicia Iacomi (Romania)

Alexandru Jipa (Romania) Wilhelm Kappel (Romania)

Nafiye Gunec Kiyak (Turkey)

Dragana Krstić (Serbia) I. Lalov (Bulgaria)

Dumitru Luca (Romania) Cristian P. Lungu (Romania)

Ion Malaescu (Romania) Ion N. Mihailescu (Romania)

Pedja Mihailović (Serbia) A. Minxhozi (Albania) Ioan Morjan (Romania)

Ibrahim Halil Mutlu (Turkey) Christo Nanev (Bulgaria)

Ljubiša Nešić (Serbia) Alexandru Nicolin (Romania)

Dragoslav Nikezić (Serbia) Milica Pavkov-Hrvojević (Serbia)

Lucian Pintilie (Romania) E. Polychroniadis (Greece)

Viorel Pop (Romania) Gheorghe Popa (Romania) Ion V. Popescu (Romania) Mihai Popescu (Romania)

Marco Popovic (Serbia) Goran Ristić (Serbia)

Gheorghe Samoilescu (Romania) Roman Schrittwieser (Austria)

Simion Simon (Romania) Alexandru Stancu (Romania)

Darko Tanasković (Serbia) Cristian Teodorescu (Romania)

Mihai Toma (Romania) N. Tonchev (Bulgaria)

Valentin Urumov (Macedonia) E. Valcheva (Bulgaria)

Miroslav Vesković (Serbia) Valentin Vlad (Romania)

Rodica Vladoiu (Romania) Mihai Visinescu (Romania) Daniel Vizman (Romania)

Dumitru Vulcanov (Romania) Latife Sahin Yalcin (Turkey)

Ch. Zerefos (Greece)

Topics:

1. Materials Physics

Semiconductors, Dielectrics and Organic Materials

Spintronics, Magnetism and Superconductivity

Crystal growth, Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films

Polymers and Amorphous Materials

2. Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics and Applications

Laser Physics and applications

Plasma Physics and applications

Optoelectronics and photonics

Applied and non-linear optics

Ultrafast phenomena and applications

3. Nuclear and sub-Nuclear Physics and Applications

Nuclear and subnuclear sciences and Engineering

Advanced detection systems

Accelerated particle beams

Nuclear Techniques and applications

Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection

4. Cross-disciplinary Applications of Physics

Nonlinear dynamics, complex systems and applications

Biological complexity and Genetics

Econophysics

Physics of Social System

5. Engineering and Industrial Physics

Physics of energy transfer, conversion and storage

Environmental Physics

Sensors and Device Physics

Micro- and Nanoelectronics

Microelectromechanical systems

Instrumentation and Metrology

Imagining, Microscopy and Spectroscopy and their applications

Instrumentation, processing, fabrication and measurement technologies

Applications of fluid mechanics and microfluidics

6. Topics in Physics Education Research

Physics curriculum design

Active learning techniques

Classroom teaching, demonstrations and laboratory experiments

13th

International Balkan Workshop on Applied Physics 6

S0 – Plenary Session

S0 01

APPLIED PHYSICS RESEARCH AT THE EUROPEAN CENTER EXTREME LIGHT

INFRASTRUCTURE - NUCLEAR PHYSICS (ELI-NP)

Nicolae-Victor ZAMFIR

S0 02

APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS

Dimiter L. BALABANSKI

S0 03

SOLITONS AND VORTICES IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES: A PARTICLE-PICTURE BASED

UNIFYING PERSPECTIVE

D. J. FRANTZESKAKIS

S0 04

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR SOFT LASER TRANSFER OF BIOMATERIALS FOR

NANOBIOMEDICINE

Ion N. MIHAILESCU, Carmen RISTOSCU, Felix SIMA

S0 05

CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS:

TWO CASESTUDIES

Florina MATEI, Steven LIM, Yuan CHEN, Dragoş CIUPARU

S0 06

LASER PROCESSING OF POLYMERS: APPLICATION TO GAS SENSORS

A. PALLA-PAPAVLU, D. CANNATÀ, M. BENETTI, F. DI PIETRANTONIO, E. VERONA,

V. DINCA, T. LIPPERT, A. WOKAUN, M. DINESCU

Section 1 – Materials Physics Semiconductors, Dielectrics and Organic Materials




INVITED LECTURES

S1 L01

HIGH ENERGY PERMANENT MAGNETS

E.Burzo

S1 L02

ORGANIC/INORGANIC HYBRID STRUCTURES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS

Ştefan ANTOHE

S1 L03

DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY IN FERROELECTRIC RELAXATION OF TGS CRYSTAL

Horia V. ALEXANDRU, Carmen MÎNDRU , Constantin Paul GANEA and Liviu NEDELCU

S1 L04

FIRST ORDER REVERSAL CURVES METHOD FOR HYSTERESIS IN MATERIALS:

APPLICATION ON SPIN CROSSOVER COMPOUNDS

Cristian ENACHESCU

13th


S1 L05

DISCOVERING THE POLES OF THE MOLECULAR MAGNETS

Marilena FERBINTEANU and Fanica CIMPOESU

S1 L06

“SiC MULTI-LAYER PROTECTIVE COATING ON CARBON: SYNTHESIS AND

CHARACTERISATION”

V. CIUPINA, C. P. LUNGU, R. VLADOIU, T-D. EPURE, G. PRODAN, C. POROSNICU, I. JEPU, M. BELC,

M. PRODAN, I. M. OANCEA- STANESCU, C. STEFANOV, M. CONTULOV, A. MANDES, V. DINCA, E.

VASILE, V. ZAROVSCHI,V. NICOLESCU

S1 L07

X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY OF FERROELECTRICS AND

METAL/FERROELECTRIC INTERFACES

Cristian-Mihail TEODORESCU

S1 L08

SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY: A USEFUL NON-DESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUE TO PROBE

THE PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS

Aurelian-Catalin GALCA

S1 L09

3D NUMERICAL COMPUTATION OF SUBMICRONIC PARTICLE SUSPENSION DISTRIBUTION

IN A MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE UNDER DIELECTROPHORESIS

A. NECULAE, M. BUNOIU, T. MARIAN and M. LUNGU

S1 L10

METAL OXIDE THIN FILMS FOR FUNCTIONAL ELECTRONIC DEVICES

F. IACOMI

S1 L11

ENLARGING THE FUNCTIONAL CHARACTER OF TIO2-AU/AG BASED MATERIALS Monica BAIA, Virginia DANCIU, Zsolt PAP and Lucian BAIA

S1 L12

FAST AS A NEW BRAZING ROUTE FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS

M. GALATANU, B.POPESCU, I .ENCULESCU, I. TISEANU, A. GALATANU

S1 L13

LOW-LOSS MICROWAVE DIELECTRICS: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES, AND APPLICATIONS

L. NEDELCU and M. G. BANCIU

S1 L14

DUAL EMITTER ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS:THERMAL AND STRUCTURAL

CHARACTERISTICS

S. POLOSAN, I.C. CIOBOTARU, C.C. CIOBOTARU

S1 L15

MAGNETIC ORDERING IN A FAMILY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE MOLECULAR MAGNETS – A

COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH

Corneliu I. OPREA, Bogdan FRECUŞ, Petre PANAIT, Fanica CIMPOESU, Marilena FERBINTEANU and

Mihai A. GÎRŢU

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S1 O01

SPIN TRANSPORT IN GRAPHENE – BORON NITRIDE HYBRID MATERIALS WITH

TRANSITIONAL METAL IMPURITIES

Camelia VISAN

13th


S1 O02

USING AFM TOPOGRAPHY MEASUREMENTS IN NANOPARTICLE SIZING

Dan CHICEA

S1 O03

NEW IrQ(ppy)2 ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND FOR OLED APPLICATIONS: SYNTHESIS AND

OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION

I.C. CIOBOTARU, S. POLOSAN, C.C.CIOBOTARU, H. IOVU

S1 O04

THE INFLUENCE OF CoFe2O4 LAYER ON Pb(Zr0.2 Ti0.8)O3 AND BaTiO3, EPITAXIAL THIN FILMS

DEPOSITED BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION

C.CHIRILA, G.BONI, L. HRIB, A. GALCA, R. NEGREA, I.PASUK, V. KUNCSER, C. GHICA, I. PINTILIE

AND L.PINTILIE

S1 O05

FULLY TRANSPARENT TRANSISTORS BASED ON AlN-GATE DIELECTRIC

AND IGZO-CHANNEL SEMICONDUCTOR

C. BESLEAGA, S. ANTOHE, G.E. STAN, A.C. GALCA, P. BARQUINHA, E. FORTUNATO

S1 O06

FE LOCAL CONFIGURATION AND PHASE COMPOSITION IN FESE0.3TE0.7 SINGLE CRYSTALS

STUDIED BY TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY

S.G. SANDU, L. MIU, P. BADICA, T. NOJI, Y. KOIKE, V. KUNCSER

POSTERS

S1 P01

BLUE UPCONVERSION LUMINESCENCE IN LANGANITE AND LANGATATE DOPED WITH Tm

AND Yb

Cristina MATEI, Serban GEORGESCU, Ana-Maria VOICULESCU, Angela STEFAN

S1 P02

UPCONVERSION PROCESSES IN LANGASITE NANOPOWDERS DOPED WITH THULIUM AND

YTTERBIUM

Ana-Maria VOICULESCU, Serban GEORGESCU, Cristina MATEI, Angela STEFAN, Silviu NASTASE

S1 P03

FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF Zn-Ni FERRITE FILMS DEPOSITED BY SPIN COATING

M. IRIMIA, P. A. RAMBU, V. NICA, F. IACOMI

S1 P04

PREPARATION AND STUDY OF STRUCTURAL PROPERTIS, MORPHOLOGY AND

COMPOSITION OF PHISYCAL VAPOR DEPOSITTED Cu, Co AND Ni NANOSTRUCTURERED

MULTILAYERS

D. RĂSLEANU, V. CIUPINĂ, G. PRODAN, C. P. LUNGU, I. JEPU, V. EUGENIU

S1 P05

EFFECT OF GALLIUM CONCENTRATION ON THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS

IGZO THIN FILMS

Aurelian C. GALCA, Liliana M. TRINCA, Gabriel SOCOL, Valentin CRACIUN

S1 P06

STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, ELECTRICAL, AND OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION of

ZnTe THIN FILMS

O. TOMA, Raluca CONSTANTINEANU, C. VANCEA, I. STAN, A. RADU, L. ION, S. ANTOHE

13th


S1 P07

METAL OXIDE ACTIVE NANOSTRUCTURED COATINGS ON FABRIC SUBSTRATES

N. VRINCEANU, M. SUCHEA, I.V. TUDOSE, F. IACOMI, E. KOUDOUMAS

S1 P08

RADIATION PROCESSING FOR POLYELECTROLYTE SYNTHESIS

Gabriela CRACIUN, Elena MANAILA, Daniel IGHIGEANU

S1 P09

FLOCCULATION EFFICIENCY OF POLYELECTROLYTE OBTAINED BY RADIATION

PROCESSING


S1 P10

INFLUENCE OF TRIMETHYLOPROPANE TRIMETHACRYLATE ON CROSS-LINK DENSITY OF

ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE RUBBER VULCANIZED BY IRRADIATION

Elena MANAILA, Maria Daniela STELESCU, Gabriela CRACIUN, Daniel IGHIGEANU

S1 P11

CROSS-LINK DENSITY AND SWELLING PROPERTIES OF WASTE FLAX/NATURAL RUBBER

COMPOSITES OBTAINED BY ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION

Elena MANAILA, Maria Daniela STELESCU, Gabriela CRACIUN, Daniel IGHIGEANU

S1 P12

OPTICAL, STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR DIFFERENT

METALLIC OXIDES

Sorina IFTIMIE, J. MERIGEON, S. ANTOHE, M. KOMPITSAS, Mihaela GIRTAN

S1 P13

EPR CHARACTERIZATION OF MICRO AND NANOSTRUCTURED Zn1-xFexO POWDERS

O.RAITA, A.POPA, D.TOLOMAN, M.STAN,and L.M.GIURGIU

S1 P14

LIFE ESTIMATION OF CABLE INSULATIONS BY DSC AND FT-IR ANALYSIS

Marius Eduard LUNGULESCU, Tanta SETNESCU, Radu SETNESCU, Iulian BANCUTA, Anca

GHEBOIANU, Roxana BANCUTA

S1 P15

STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Zn-DOPED LPFO THIN FILMS DEPOSITED

BY RF MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

C. DOROFTEI, F. IACOMI, P.D. POPA

S1 P16

MAGNETIC SPIN VALVES BASED ON GROUP-III NITRIDE NANOWIRES

George Alexandru NEMNES, Camelia VISAN

S1 P17

Cu(II), Co(II) AND Zn(II) COMPLEXES OF A NEW POLYAZOMETHINE CONTAINING SILANE

UNITS AND OXADIAZOLE RINGS WITHIN THE CHAIN

Mirela-Fernanda ZALTARIOV, Maria CAZACU, Angelica VLAD, George STIUBIANU, Anton AIRINEI

S1 P18

FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING OF SOME ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATIVES. SENSOR

APPLICATIONS

Ionut Radu TIGOIANU, Anton AIRINEI, Mirela-Fernanda ZALTARIOV, Maria CAZACU, Volker

RIBITSCH, Christian GRUBER

13th


S1 P19

DESIGN AND TESTING OF FLEXIBLE CARBON NAOCOMPOSITES FOR RESISTIVE FORCE

SENSING APPLICATIONS

Leila ZEVRI, Iulian IORDACHE, Aristofan Al. TEIŞANU and Gheorghe IONIŢĂ

S1 P20

FERROMAGNETIC – FERROELECTRIC INTERFACES STUDIED BY MÖSSBAUER

SPECTROSCOPY

S.G. SANDU, M. VOPSON, I. GHITA, A. IUGA, V. KUNCSER

S1 P21

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF C-AXIS ORIENTED ALUMINUM NITRIDE THIN

FILMS PREPARED AT LOW TEMPERATURE BY REACTIVE RF-MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

George E. STAN, Aurelian C. GALCA, Liliana M. TRINCA, C. Catalin NEGRILA, Leona C. NISTOR

S1 P22

SIZE EFFECTS IN THERMAL HYSTERESIS OF SPIN CROSSOVER NANOPARTICLES STUDIED

BY FORC DIAGRAMS WITHIN A MONTE CARLO BASED ISING-LIKE MODEL

Alexandru ATITOAIE, Radu TANASA, Alexandru STANCU, Cristian ENACHESCU

S1 P23

TAILORING THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SILICONES BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION

Carmen RACLES, Mihaela ALEXANDRU, Valentina MUSTEATA, Adrian BELE, Maria CAZACU

S1 P24

THE INFLUENCE OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF BARIUM TITANATE NANOPARTICLES ON

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SILICONES

Adrian BELE, George STIUBIANU, Maria CAZACU, Carmen RACLES

S1 P25

IMPROVING THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SILICONES BY INCORPORATION OF LEAD

ZIRCONATE NANOPARTICLES

George STIUBIANU, Adrian BELE, Maria CAZACU, Carmen RACLES

S1 P26

BINDING AND ELECTRON TRANSFER FROM A METAL-FREE DYE WITH CARBOXYL,

HYDROXYL AND SULFONIC ANCHORS TO A TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOCLUSTER

Jeanina LUNGU, Corneliu I. OPREA, Petre PANAIT, Daniela STAMATE, Anca DUMBRAVĂ, Fanica

CIMPOESU and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

S1 P27

CURRENT TRENDS IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TENSORESISTIVE SENSORS

Leila ZEVRI, Iulian IORDACHE

S1 P28

DFT STUDY OF EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS IN MOLECULAR MAGNETS BASED ON

MANGANESE-PORPHYRINS

Petre PANAIT, Corneliu I. OPREA, Bogdan FRECUŞ, Fanica CIMPOESU,Marilena FERBINTEANU and

Mihai A. GÎRŢU

S1 P29

BROKEN SYMMETRY DFT CALCULATIONS OF EXCHANGE CONSTANTS OF M(TCNE)x HIGH-

TEMPERATURE MOLECULAR MAGNETS,

(M = V, Mn, AND Fe)

Florin MOSCALU, Corneliu I. OPREA, Petre PANAIT, Fanica CIMPOESU, Mihai A. GÎRŢU

S1 P30

COMPARATIVE COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF RU- AND RH-BASED COMPLEXES FOR DYE-

SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

13th


Petre PANAIT, Corneliu I. OPREA, Boris F. MINAEV and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

S1 P31

PHOTOCHEMICAL FORMATION OF METAL NANOPARTICLES WITH SILICA

Eleonora BURNETE, Sorina IFTIMIE, S. ANTOHE, V. CIUPINA

S1 P32

PECULIAR DIELECTRIC CHARACTERISTIC of Ba1-X SrXTiO3 CERAMICS

of TECHNOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE

Raluca BACSEI, Liviu NEDELCU and Horia ALEXANDRU

S1 P33

INFLUENCE OF Al DOPING ON THE OPTICAL AND GAS SENSING PROPERTIES OF ZnO THIN

FILMS

A.P.RAMBU, N.IFTIMIE, V.TIRON, V.NICA, G.G.RUSU, F.IACOMI

S1 P34

NANOSTRUCTERED CATALYSTS FOR HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS

V.CIUPINĂ, R.VLĂDOIU, G.PRODAN, L.PETRĂȘESCU, Ş.G.TUTUN, C. POROȘNICU, E.VASILE

S1 P35

APPLICATION OF CARBON BASED NANISTRUCTURES IN DIVERTORS COATING FROM

FUSION REACTOR

V.CIUPINĂ, R.VLĂDOIU, G.PRODAN, Ş.G.TUTUN, L.PETRĂȘESCU, C. POROȘNICU, E.VASILE

S1 P36

PROPERTIES INVESTIGATION OF COBALT OXIDE COMPOSITE LAYERS

Romana DRASOVEAN, Steluta GOSAV

S1 P37

CuFeCo THIN FILMS OBTAINED BY THERMOIONIC VACUUM ARC METHOD

I.PRIOTEASA, V.CIUPINA, E. VASILE

S1 P38

EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN PETROLEUM COKE

Semaghiul BIRGHILA and Ionela CARAZEANU POPOVICI

S1 P39

TERAHERTZ PROPERTIES OF BARIUM TANTALATE - BASED

MICROWAVE DIELECTRICS

L. NEDELCU, C. BUSUIOC, M.G. BANCIU, H.V. ALEXANDRU

S1 P40

STRUCTURAL VARIETIES OF Cu(II) COMPLEXES WITH BIDENTATE LIGANDS

Daniela STAMATE, Violeta MACOVEI, Marilena FERBINTEANU, Mihai. A. GÎRŢU

S1 P41

NEW Co(II) MIXED LIGAND COMPLEXES FOR DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

Daniela STAMATE, Marilena FERBINTEANU, Mihai A. GÎRŢU

S1 P42

POSSIBILITY FOR PERMEABLE THERMOELECTRIC ELEMENTS APPLICATION

Radion CHERKEZ

13th


Section 2 – Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics and Applications Laser Physics and applications





INVITED LECTURES

S2 L01

PLASMA THRUSTERS, PRINCIPLES, APPLICATIONS AND DIAGNOSTICS

K. DANNENMAYER, A. PETIN, S. MAZOUFFRE, P. KUDRNA, M. TICHÝ

S2 L02

MIXED FILMS INTERACTION WITH PLASMA PRODUCED BY HIGH POWER LASERS

C. P. LUNGU, C. POROSNICU, I. JEPU, P. CHIRU, A. M. LUNGU, D. URSESCU, R. BANICI, G.

COJOCARU, R. UNGUREANU, C. LUCULESCU, A. MARCU, R. VLADOIU, A. MARIN, P. OSICEANU, I.

FERARU, C. GRIGORESCU

S2 L03

DEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HIGH ENTROPY ALLOY CARBIDE COATINGS

M.BRAIC, A.VLADESCU, I. PANA, A. PARAU, M. DINU, V.BRAIC, M. BALACEANU

S2 L04

COMPOSITION-PROPERTIES RELATIONS IN MULTI-COMPONENT CARBON BASED

NANOMATERIALS

R. VLADOIU, M CONTULOV, A. MANDES, V. DINCA, V. CIUPINA, C. POROSNICU, C. P. LUNGU

S2 L05

DEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON COATINGS

PREPARED BY PECVD Adrian STOICA, Vilma BURŠÍKOVÁ, Vratislav PEŘINA

POSTERS

S2 P01

MODELING THE EVOLUTION OF SOME FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON BEAM

TREATED STARCHES

Mirela BRAŞOVEANU, Monica R. NEMŢANU

S2 P02

BEHAVIOUR OF THE COLORIMETRIC AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE

IRRADIATED SEA BUCKTHORN OIL

MONICA R. NEMŢANU, MIRELA BRAŞOVEANU

S2 P03

AN ELECTRON PLASMA SOURCE

O. S. STOICAN

S2 P04

POLYMER-GRAPHENE COMPOSITES PREPARED BY UV AND 2PP CURING FOR COATING

APPLICATIONS

Emil C. BURUIANA, Florentina JITARU, George EPURESCU, Ioana ION, Tinca BURUIANA

S2 P05

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPTICAL, ELECTRONIC AND PHOTOLUMINISCENT

PROPERTIES OF ARYLENEVINYLENE AND ARYLENEETHYNYLENE POLYMERS BASED ON

2,7 AND 3,6 DISUBSTITUTE CARBAZOLE UNITS

13th


Ana-Maria CATARGIU, Mircea GRIGORAS

S2 P06

LASER IRRADIATION EFFECT ON OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTRA IN A THOMSON

SCATTERING EXPERIMENT

Ana HARABOR, Novac-Adrian HARABOR, Ion PALARIE

S2 P07

EFFECTS OF ZR AND CR ADDITION ON THE PROPERTIES OF TISICN COATINGS

M.BALACEANU, M.BRAIC, A.VLADESCU, V.BRAIC

S2 P08

COMBIATORIAL FE-CO BASED GRANULAR MAGNETIC STRUCTURES, OBTAINED BY

THERMIONIC VACUUM ARC METHOD

I. JEPU, C. POROSNICU, C.P. LUNGU, C. LUCULESCU, V. KUNCSER, G. IACOBESCU, V. CIUPINA

S2 P09

PURE BE AND BE-W MIXED THIN FILMS EXPOSED TO PISCES B DEUTERIUM PLASMA

I. JEPU, C. POROSNICU, C.P. LUNGU, R. DOERNER, T. DITTMAR

S2 P10

APPLICATION OF PLASMA DISCHARGES IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY

P. CHIRU, C.P. LUNGU, I. JEPU, C. POROSNICU, A. M. LUNGU,

S2 P11

GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PURE Mg AND Mg EMBEDDED IN

HYDROGEN-FREE AMORPHOUS CARBON (a-C) MATRIX

M. CONTULOV, R. VLADOIU, A. MANDES, G. PRODAN

S2 P12

ZINC OXIDE OBTAINED BY PULSED LASER TEDOSITION, THERMIONIC VACUUM ARC AND

THERMAL EVAPORATION THIN FILMS CHARACTERIZATION

C. GHITULETE, V. CIUPINA, C. POROSNICU, I. JEPU, A. MARCU, C. LUCULESCU

S2 P13

DEUTERIUM PLASMA CHARACTERIZATION USED FOR FUSION RELATED MIXED FILMS

Corneliu POROSNICU, Cristian STANCU, Vasile TIRON,Cristian LUNGU, Ionut JEPU

S2 P14

EVALUATION OF SILVER AND TITANIUM CARBIDES THIN FILMS WETTABILITY BY MEANS

OF CONTACT ANGLE MEASUREMENTS

DINCA Virginia, VLADOIU Rodica, CONTULOV Mirela

S2 P15

SUBSTRATE INFLUENCE ON THE PROPERTIES OF SIC THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY

THERMIONIC VACUUM ARC (TVA) METHOD

Aurelia MANDES, Rodica VLADOIU, Virginia DINCA, Gabriel PRODAN and Victor CIUPINA

S2 P16

A COMPARATIVE MATHEMATICAL APPROACH FOR THE KRAMERS–KRONIG METHOD’

IMPLEMENTATION. CASE STUDY OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Bi2O3

Gabriel MURARIU, Adrian DINESCU, Simona CONDURCHE – BOTA

S2 P17

HERALDED BELL STATE CREATION USING GHZ STATES

O. DĂNILĂ and P. E. STERIAN

13th


Section 3 – Nuclear and sub-Nuclear Physics and Applications Nuclear and subnuclear sciences and Engineering





INVITED LECTURES

S3 L01

PHOTOREACTION STUDIES PERFORMED WITH LASER COMPTON SCATTERING GAMMA

SOURCES

Dan FILIPESCU

S3 L02

NUCLEAR DIPOLE DYNAMICS WITHIN MICROSCOPIC TRANSPORT MODELS

V. BARAN

S3 L03

COLLECTIVE EFFECTS IN NUCLEAR COLLISIONS AT RELATIVISTIC ENERGIES

Catalin RISTEA, Oana RISTEA, Alexandru JIPA, Calin BESLIU

S3 L04

RELATIVISTIC EFFECTS IN ATOM-LASER INTERACTION

Madalina BOCA, Viorica FLORESCU

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S3 OP1

PROMPT EMISSION MODELING IN THE FISSION PROCESS

Iuliana VISAN, Georgiana GIUBEGA, Anabella TUDORA

S3 OP2

DESCRIPTION OF Pt EVEN-EVEN ISOTOPES WITHIN A SOLVABLE MODEL FOR THE

QUADRUPOLE INTRINSIC VARIABLES

A. A. RADUTA and P. BUGANU

S3 OP3

MULTIPLE BACKBENDING IN EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI

R. BUDACA and A. A. RADUTA

S3 OP4

QUARTET CONDENSATION AND NEUTRON-PROTON PAIRING IN ATOMIC NUCLEI

N. SANDULESCU, D. NEGREA, C. W. JOHNSON

S3 OP5

SOURCES OF NUCLEAR MATTER JETS IN He+Cu RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS

Danut ARGINTARU, Madalin CHERCIU, Eliodor CONSTANTINESCU

13th


POSTERS

S3 P01

ACCURATE DETERMINATION OF CONVERTING COEFFICIENT OF GAMMA RAY DETECTION

TO FAST NEUTRON

COUNTING IN NE102 PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR BY MCNP CODE

Amin ATTARZADEH, Behnam MAHDIAN

S3 P02

CENTRALITY DERTEMINATION IN HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS

Valerica BABAN, Alexandru JIPA

S3 P03

NEUTRINO INTERACTIONS IN NOBLE GASES

Daniela CHESNEANU

S3 P04

LOW ACTIVITY POSITRON SOURCES PRODUCED WITH A PET CYCLOTRON

L. S. CRACIUN, R. G. RATA, C. CIMPEANU, C. IONESCU, M. STRATICIUC, I. BURDUCEA, P. M

RACOLTA, A.T. SERBAN

S3 P05

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE TO INCREASE THE

IRRADIATION CAPABILITIES FOR TR-19 CYCLOTRON IN IFIN-HH

L. S. CRACIUN, R. G. RATA, C. IONESCU, D. NICULAE

S3 P06

GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITY DETERMINATION IN LIQUID EFFLUENTS

USING LIQUID SCINTILLATION COUNTING

R. I. DOBRIN, C. N. DULAMA, AL. TOMA, C. N. CIOCIRLAN, S. M. STOICA

S3 P07

LESSONS LEARNED IN APPLYING RADIOPROTECTION PROGRAMME IN THE CONTROLLED

AND SURVEILLED AREA OF WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES

GH. DOGARU, F. DRAGOLICI, M. NICU, L. IONASCU

S3 P08

STUDY OF THE CONDITIONING MATRICES FOR ALUMINIUM RADIOACTIVE WASTES

L. IONASCU, M. NICU, C. TURCANU, F. DRAGOLICI, GH. ROTARESCU

S3 P09

THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS ON

THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Fe-Cr-Ti-W-Y2O3 FERRITIC

STEELS

V. MIHALACHE, D. SIMANDAN, M. CIOANGER

S3 P10

ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS IN GAFRARIUM TUMIDIUM CLAMS DETERMINED BY INAA

AND PIXE

Ana PANTELICA, Marius GUGIU, Catalin Ionut CALINESCU, Dan Gabriel GHITA

S3 P11

DESIGN OF THE INNER ZONE OF THE CBM-TOF WALL FOR SIS100

L.RADULESCU, D. BARTOS, Gh. CARAGHEORGHEOPOL, M.PETRIS, M.PETROVICI, V.SIMION

S3 P12

THE FIRST NON-SCALING FIXED FIELD ALTERNATING GRADIENT (NS-FFAG) ACCLERATOR

Roxana RATA, Roger BARLOW, Rob EDGECOCK

13th


S3 P13

DOSIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS ON DIFFERENT ABSORBING MATERIALS WITH

APPLICATIONS IN RADIOTHERAPY

M. SPUNEI, I. MALAESCU

S3 P14

RADON MITIGATION STUDIES IN A PILOT HOUSE FROM BĂIŢA-ŞTEI RADON PRONE AREA

(ROMANIA)

Constatin COSMA , Botond PAPP, Alexandra DINU (CUCOŞ), Begy ROBERT, Liviu SUCIU , Gheorghe

BANCIU , Carlos SAINZ

S3 P15

HUMAN CONTRIBUTION TO THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS RISK

Gholamreza JAHANFARNIA, Kaveh KARIMI, Seyed Mohsen HOSEYNI

Section 4 – Cross-Disciplinary Applications of Physics Nonlinear dynamics, complex systems and applications

Biological complexity and genetics, Biophysics and bioengineering

Econophysics

Physics of Social Systems

INVITED LECTURES

S4 L01

LINEAR AND NONLINEAR LIGHT BULLETS: RECENT STUDIES

Dumitru MIHALACHE

S4 L02

DIPOLAR BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES WITH WEAK DISORDER

Axel PELSTER

S4 L03

NONLINEAR EXCITATIONS IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES: PARAMETRIC AND

GEOMETRIC RESONANCES

Antun BALAZ

S4 L04

DENSITY WAVES IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES

Alexandru NICOLIN

S4 L05

ASSYMETRY OF THE INVERSE STATISTICS IN STOCK MARKETS: FEAR FACTOR AND

RELEVANT TIMESCALES

Bulcsú SÁNDOR, Imre BALOGH, Bálint Zsolt NAGY, Ingve SIMONSEN and Zoltán NÉDA

S4 L06

HOW TO TRADE USING THE (SHANNONIAN) TRANSFER ENTROPY? AN APPLICATION FOR

CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN FINANCIAL MARKETS

Bogdan DIMA, Ştefana Maria DIMA, Flavia BARNA , Miruna NĂCHESCU

S4 L07

COHERENCE, CORRELATION AND SCALING IN THE NOISY SPACE OF ROMANIAN

FINANCIAL TIME SERIES

E.I. SCARLAT

13th


POSTERS

S4 P01

THE USE OF ISOTOPE RATIOS IN COMMERCIAL FRUIT JUICES AUTHENTICATION

Dana Alina MAGDAS, Romulus PUSCAS, Gabriela CRISTEA

S4 P02

EXISTENCE OF RADIAL SOLUTIONS FOR A COUPLED SYSTEM OF STATIONARY

SCHRÖDINGER EQUATIONS TYPE

Dragoș-Pătru COVEI

S4 P03

JOURNEY AROUND THE WORLD OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS

D. IORDACHE and R. DOBRESCU

S4 P04

NONLINEAR „IMPEDANCE” OF BUCHAREST STOCK EXCHANGE MARKET BY TIME SERIES

ANALYSIS: OPTIMAL FUNCTION AND SATURATION

E.I. SCARLAT, Cristina STAN, C.P. CRISTESCU, Cristina M. CRISTESCU

S4 P05

COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE PROPERTIES OF EF-HAND CALCIUM BINDING

PROTEINS

Dana CRACIUN, Adriana ISVORAN

S4 P06

ESTIMATING WINE YEAST CONCENTRATION BY FAR FIELD CONTRAST MEASUREMENT

Dan CHICEA, Ovidiu TIŢA, Mihaela TIŢA, Ecaterina LENGYEL

S4 P07

PRECISION CADASTRAL AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY APPLICATIONS USING UAV. CASE

STUDY – VANATORI DISTRICT

Gabriel MURARIU, Mocanu Ionut RAZVAN, Florin MINGIREANU, Lucian GEORGESCU

S4 P08

COMPARISON BETWEEN STATISTICAL AND DYNAMICAL MODELS OF STATUS

PARAMETERS FOR AQUATIC SYSTEMS. CASE STUDY - RIVER PRUT

Gabriel MURARIU, Mihaela TIMOFTI, Lucian GEORGESCU, Catalina TOPA

S4 P09

EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS OF SOME FLAVONOIDS AS PROTEIN

KINASE INHIBITORS USING THE MOLECULAR DOCKING APPROACH

Steluta GOSAV, Hélène JAMET, Romana DRASOVEAN

S4 P10

A NOVEL NON-POLYNOMIAL SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION FOR HIGH-DENSITY CIGAR-

SHAPED

Mihaela Carina RAPORTARU , Alexandru I. NICOLIN

S4 P11

MATHEMATICAL FRAMEWORK OF EPIGENETIC DNA METHYLATION IN REPEAT

ELEMENTS ARABIDOPSIS

Diana DAVID-RUS, Joel L. LEBOWITZ, Vincent COLOT

S4 P12

CHARACTERISTICS AND BIODEGRADATION PROPERTIES OF POLYCAPROLACTONE -

POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL COATINGS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

13th


A. VISAN, M. MIROIU, C. NITA, R. CRISTESCU,G. SOCOL, N. STEFAN, G. DORCIOMAN, N. SERBAN,

M. SOCOL, I.ZGURA, O.L. RASOGA, C. BREAZU, L. SIMA, C. R. LUCULESCU, A. STANCULESCU, I.N.

MIHAILESCU

S4 P13

BIOMIMETIC NANOCRYSTALLINE APATITE COATINGS SYNTHESIZED BY MATRIX

ASSISTED PULSED LASER EVAPORATION FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

A. VISAN, D. GROSSIN, N. STEFAN, L. DUTA, F. M. MIROIU, M. SOPRONYI, F. MICULESCU, M.

FRECHE, C. CHARVILAT, O, MARSAN, S. CIUCA, I.N. MIHAILESCU

S4 P14

ADVANCES IN STATISTICAL POTENTIALS FOR PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION

Ionel RATA

S4 P15

MANAGEMENTUL CALITĂŢII ÎN ACTIVITĂŢILE DE CERCETARE

GEORGESCU Ştefan

Section 5 – Engineering and Industrial Physics Physics of energy transfer, conversion and storage









INVITED LECTURES

S5 L01

PASSIVELY Q-SWITCHED Nd:YAG/Cr4+

:YAG LASERS FOR IGNITION OF AN AUTOMOBILE

ENGINE

Nicolaie PAVEL, Gabriela SALAMU, and Traian DASCALU

S5 L02

B OSONIC J OSEPHSON EFFECTS AND NON - LINEAR MACROSCOPIC SEF TRAPPING IN

PHOTONIC MOLECULES

M. ABBARCHI, A. AMO, V. G. SALA, A. LEMAITRE, I. D. D. SOLNYSHKOV, H. FLAYAC, E.

GALOPIN, L. FERRIER, I. SAGNES, P. SENELLART, G. MALPUECH, and J. BLOCH

S5 L03

AB-INITIO SIMULATIONS OF PLATINUM-GROUP CATALYSTS UNDER OXYGEN-RICH

CONDITIONS

Nicola SERIANI

S5 L04

BIOENGINEERING STRUCTURES AS DENTAL MATERIALS CHARACTERIZED BY ADVANCED

METHODS OF PHYSICS

Horia IOVU

13th


S5 L05

TAILORING PHOTOCATALYSTS NANOARCHITECTONICS FOR

DEGRADING INDUSTRIAL DYES

Livia BIBIRE, Laura DARTU, Dragos MARDARE and Gabriela CARJA

S5 L06

WETTING LAYER CONTRIBUTION TO InAs/GaAs (001) QUANTUM DOTS NUCLEATION

GH. V. CIMPOCA, O. BUTE

S5 L07

NEURAL NETWORKS TO PREDICT THE ULTIMATE TENSILE STREGTH OF AUSTENITIC

STAINLESS STEEL USING IN NUCLEAR INDUSTRY

ZĂGAN Remus , BORMAMBET Melat, ZĂGAN Sabina

& CHIŢU Greti

S5 L08

PULSE-MATCHED SYNTHESIS OF CONTINUOUS SOURCES FOR ULTRA-WIDE BAND

APPLICATIONS

Răzvan D. TAMAŞ, Daniela DEACU, Alin DĂNIŞOR and George CĂRUNTU

S5 L09

ON THE USE OF COMPUTER ACOUSTIC MODELING ONBOARD SHIPS

Gheorghe SAMOILESCU, Tiberiu PAZARA

S5 L10

SEQUENTIAL PULSED LASER DEPOSITION OF Al DOPED AND Ni-Al CO-DOPED ZnO THIN

FILMS

Cristian URSU, Tudor COMAN and Ovidiu Florin CALTUN

S5 L11

ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS

IN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

Antoaneta ENE

S5 L12

DENSITY FUNCTIONAL STUDY OF SPIN-ORBIT COUPLING EFFECTS IN PHOSPHORESECNT

OLEDS

Boris MINAEV

S5 L13

CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITIONS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS UNDER EXTERNAL FORCES:

EXAMPLES AND A STOCHASTIC PATH INTEGRAL THEORY FOR THEIR KINETICS

Ioan ANDRICIOAEI

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S5 OP01

NANOCRYSTALLINE Sr-MANGANITE FOR CATALYTIC COMBUSTION OF HYDROCARBONS

C. DOROFTEI, P.D. POPA, E. REZLESCU,

N. REZLESCU

S5 OP02

A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF COUMARIN-BASED DYES ADSORBED ON TIO2

NANOCLUSTERS — APPLICATIONS TO DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

Corneliu I. OPREA Petre PANAIT,Fanica CIMPOESU,Marilena FERBINTEANU and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

13th


POSTERS

S5 P01

DETECTION SYSTEM WITH NANOSTRUCTURED SURFACES FOR BIOSENSORS AND

IMAGING WITH RESOLUTION BELOW THE DIFFRACTION LIMIT

Costel Cotirlan-SIMIONIUC, Constantin LOGOFATU, Rodica GHITA, Catalin Constantin NEGRILA

S5 P02

TESTING THE INFRASOUND METHOD ON THE BLACK SEA COAST I.A. MOLDOVAN, V.E. TOADER, A.S. MOLDOVAN, D.V.GHICA

S5 P03

THE EFFECT OF SOLAR STORMS ON SEISMIC AND GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY AS

RECORDED IN VRANCEA SEISMOGENIC AREA

MOLDOVAN Iren Adelina, Victorin Emilian TOADER, Emilia POPESCU, Anica Otilia PLACINTA, Angela

Petruta CONSTANTIN

S5 P04

A DEMONSTRATION FOR THE WEIGHTED MEAN AND ITS IMPROVED DISPERSION

Enric Leon GRIGORESCU, Viorel SERBAN

S5 P05

THE DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEWAGE SLUDGE FROM DAMBOVITA

COUNTY TO BE USED IN AGRICULTURE R. BANCUTA

. I. BANCUTA, R. SETNESCU, A. CHILIAN, T. SETNESCU, R. ION, GH. V. CIMPOCA, I.

V. POPESCU, A. GHEBOIANU, O. CULICOV

S5 P06

THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH ZINC CONCENTRATIONS FROM SOIL ON ABSORPTION AND

TRANSPORT PROCESSES OF COPPER, MANGANESE, IRON IN ZEA MAYS L

A. CHILIAN, R. BANCUTA, I. BANCUTA, R. SETNESCU, C. RADULESCU, T. SETNESCU, GH. V.

CIMPOCA, I. V. POPESCU, A. GHEBOIANU, R.-M. ION

S5 P07

THE CLAUSIUS-MOSSOTTI FACTOR IN LOW FREQUENCY FIELD OF THE POWDERS

RESULTED FROM WASTES COMBUSTION

Iosif MALAESCU , Mihai LUNGU , Raluca GIUGIULAN (POENARU) , Nicolae STRAMBEANU

S5 P08

X-RAY TECHNIQUES FOR MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION

Antoaneta ENE, Constantin GHEORGHIES, Oleg V. IGNATENKO, Marina V. FRONTASYEVA

S5 P09

MOSS BIOMONITORING OF AIR QUALITY IN ROMANIA

POPESCU V. I., FRONTASYEVA M., STIHI C, ENE A., CUCU-MAN S., TODORAN R., CULICOV O.,

ZINICOVSCAIA I., MY TRINH, PAVLOV S.S., RADULESCU C.1, CHILIAN A, GHEBOIANU A,

BANCUTA R, CIMPOCA GH. V., BANCUTA I., DULAMA I , TOMA L.G., BUCURICA A. DIMA G.,

CHELARESCU E.D., DRASOVEAN R., SION A.,CONDURACHE-BOTA S., BUHACEANU R., TARCAU

D., TODORAN D.

S5 P10

STRUCTURAL, ELECTRICAL AND CATALYTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF

NANOSTRUCTURED IRON MANGANITE C. DOROFTEI, P.D. POPA,

E. REZLESCU, N. REZLESCU

S5 P11

MODELING OF GASEOUS POLLUTANT DISPERSION IN THE VICINITY OF AN

INTEGRATED IRON AND STEEL WORKS

Viorel MUNTEANU, Antoaneta ENE

13th


S5 P12

RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS IN GALATI TOWN, EASTERN

ROMANIA

Antoaneta ENE, Viorel MUNTEANU

S5 P13

ALARA PRINCIPLE APPLICATION IN THE DECOMMISSIONING ACTIVITIES OF THE

UNDERGROUND RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENTS PIPES FROM THE IFIN-HH VVR-S RESEARCH

REACTOR

Ioan IORGA, Alexandru PAVELESCU, Mitica DRAGUSIN

S5 P14

EVALUATION OF LIMESTONE WITH NON-INVASIVE ANALITICAL METHODS

Anca-Andreea BALOG. Nicoleta COBÎRZAN, Lucian BARBU-TUDORAN

S5 P15

CHARACTERISATION OF MORTARS COMPATIBILITY USING MICROSCOPICAL AND XRD

ANALYSIS

Nicoleta COBÎRZAN, Voicu DUCA, Anca-Andreea BALOG

S5 P16

SATELLITE DATA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION IN

BUCHAREST URBAN AREA

M. A.ZORAN, R.S.SAVASTRU, D.M. SAVASTRU

S5 P17

SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS OF MULTISENSOR SATELLITE IMAGERY

OF CONSTANTZA URBAN ENVIRONMENT

Maria ZORAN, Roxana SAVASTRU, Dan SAVASTRU, Marina TAUTAN, Sorin MICLOS, Laurentiu

BASCHIR

S5 P18

SHORT TERM LOAD FORECASTING USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Otilia Elena DRAGOMIR, Florin DRAGOMIR

S5 P19

TEST STAND FOR SOLAR PV PANELS

Florin DRAGOMIR, Otilia Elena DRAGOMIR, Nicolae OLARIU, Adrian OPREA, Liviu OLTEANU

S5 P20

SENSOR DATA ACQUISITION USING AN ARDUINO AND DISPLAYING AND ADJUSTING

PARAMETERS ON AN ANDROID TABLET

BUNU Liviu Octavian, Florin DRAGOMIR

S5 P21

HIGH PERFORMANCE TAPPED-INDUCTOR BUCK DRIVER FOR LED ARRAYS

Marius APETREI , Adrian GEORGESCU2

S5 P22

FINITE ELEMENT METHOD MODELLING OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE PEM FUEL CELL

Viorel IONESCU

S5 P23

CAPACITIVE MEMS PRESSURE SENSOR DESIGN MODELLING USING COMSOL

MULTIPHYSICS®

Viorel IONESCU

S5 P24

TUNING THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY IN SiC BASED METALLO-CERAMIC COMPOSITES

13th


M. GALATANU, M. ENCULESCU, A. GALATANU

S5 P25

DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS WITH NATURAL DYES - A COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND

THEORETICAL APPROACH

Anca DUMBRAVĂ, Corneliu I. OPREA, Irina ENACHE, Adrian GEORGESCU, Petre PANAIT, Mihai A.

GÎRŢU

S5 P26

CASE STUDY FOR 3 DEGREES OF FREEDOM OF REACTIVE SOLID FUEL SYSTEMS

Gabriel MURARIU, Florin MINGIREANU, Lucian GEORGESCU, MOCANU Ionut Razvan

S5 P27

CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT PASTES USING X-RAY FLUORESCENCE, X-RAY

DIFFRACTION AND REHOMETRY

I. M. ION, N. ANGELESCU, GH. VLAICU, I. BANCUTA

S5 P28

CU-W FUNCTIONAL GRADIENT MATERIALS

M. GALATANU, B. POPESCU, M. ENCULESCU, A. GALATANU

S5 P29

CHARACTERIZATION OF HONEY QUALITY USING HIGHLY SENSITIVE ANALYTICAL

METHODS

Elena Daniela CHELARESCU , Claudia STIHI, Cristiana RADULESCU, Andrei CHILIAN, Lucica GRIGORA

TOMA

S5 P30

EFFECT OF CARBONATED DRINKS ON THE TOPOGRAPHY AND HARDNESS OF HUMAN

TEETH EXAMINED USING AFM TECHNIQUE

Cristina IONESCU, Liviu Stefan CRACIUN

S5 P31

CHARACTERIZING THE ORIGIN OF BOTTLED WATERS ON THE ROMANIAN MARKET USING

IRMS AND ICP-MS

Gabriela CRISTEA, Cezara VOICA, Romulus PUSCAS, Alina MAGDAS

S5 P32

METHODS FOR IMPROVING TEM CONTRAST IN BIOLOGICAL SECTIONS ANALYSIS

C.STEFANOV, V.CIUPINA, G.PRODAN, I.M.OANCEA-STANESCU

S5 P33

CHARACTERIZATION OF SPIN COATED TiO2 BLOCKING LAYER FOR DYE SENSITIZED

SOLAR CELLS

Jeanina LUNGU, Adrian GEORGESCU, Camelia OPREA, Gabriel PRODAN, Gabriel SOCOL, George E.

STAN, Cătălin LUCULESCU, Victor CIUPINĂ, Ion N. MIHĂILESCU1 and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

S5 P34

IRON CONTAINING LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES: AN XPS STUDY OF THEIR SURFACE

PROPERTIES

Magda PUSCASU, Dragos MARDARE and Gabriela CARJA

S5 P35

A SURVEY ON STATE-OF-THE-ART DESIGN OF UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORKS AND

OPTIMAL LOCATION DEPLOYMENT AROUND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES

Mitrut C. CARAIVAN , Ioan G. SURUGIU , Valentin G. SGARCIU

13th


Section 6 – Topics in Physics Education Research




INVITED LECTURES

S6 L01

REFORMING PRE-UNIVERSITY PHYSICS TEACHING

Roxana ZUS

S6 L02

RELEVANCE OF CONCEPTUAL CONFLICTS IN PRE-UNIVERSITARY PHYSISCS TEACHING

Cristian HATU

S6 L03

STRUCTURED LEARNING UNITS DESIGN SUPPORTING

COMPETENCES CENTERED CURRICULUM

Iulian LEAHU

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S6 OP01

MODERN TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON THE STIMULATION OF STUDENTS’ INTEREST FOR

RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INOVATION IN EDUCATION

Mădălina IVĂNESCU, Filis OPREA, Elisabeta STAN

S6 OP02

A POSSIBLE APPROACH TO THE DIFFICULT LEARNING UNITS

I. CAZACU-DAVIDESCU

S6 OP03

LEARNING PHYSICS – BETWEEN GOALS AND RESULTS

Cristina ANGHEL, Daniela TEPES

S6 OP04

PHYSICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL - CHALLENGES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

DANIELA TEPES, CRISTINA ANGHEL

S6 OP05

PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS IN HIGH SCHOOL - A NEW APROACH

Ion BARARU

POSTERS

S6 P01

ENERGY WILLOW – A SUSTENAIBLE ALTERNATIVE, ECONOMIC AND FRIEDLY WITH THE

ENVIRONMENT

Felicia BUCURA, Claudia SANDRU, Marius CONSTANTINESCU

13th


S6 P02

WORLD FAMOUS ROMANIAN PHYSICISTS

D. RĂSLEANU, D. PETRE, A. DANCU, C. CATALAN-SERBANESCU

S6 P03

COMPLEXITY THEORY AND EXACT SCIENCES CURRICULA

D. IORDACHE, E. BODEGOM, R. WIDENHORN, V. IORDACHE

S6 P04

DIFFUSION AND OSMOSIS-IN TERMS OF PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY

Jasmina DJOKIC JOVANOVIC, Vladimira HREPIC, Tihomir LAZAREVIC, Tatjana MISIC, Marina

NAJDANOVIC LUKIC

S6 P05

NEW TRENDS IN TEACHING PHYSICS IN ROMANIAN HIGH SCHOOLS

Valerica BABAN, Alexandru JIPA, Sorina LEU

S6 P06

NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR EARTH PHYSICS - EDUCATION AND PUBLIC OUTREACH

ACTIVITIES

Dragos TATARU, Bogdan ZAHARIA, Bogdan GRECU, Constantin IONESCU

S6 P07

CLIMATE CHANGE AND EXTREME HEAT EVENTS IN URBAN AREAS IN RELATION WITH

HEALTH

Mariana Rodica DIDA, Maria ZORAN

S6 P08

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF BIPYRIDINE- AND

PHENANTROLINE-BASED LIGANDS

Adrian TRANDAFIR, Ana Maria TRANDAFIR, Mihai GIRTU

S6 P09

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF VARIOUS COUMARIN-BASED DYES FOR DYE-SENSITIZED

SOLAR CELLS

Anamaria TRANDAFIR, Adrian TRANDAFIR and Mihai A. GIRTU

S6 P10

FRICTION: A PLURIDISCIPLINARY TOPIC

Irina MARIN

S6 P11

STUDY OF SOME PERFORMANT METHODS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE AND ART

Mihaela GHELMEZ (DUMITRU), Paul I.CONSTANTINESCU, Cristian Ghiocel TOMA , Paul AGARICI

S6 P12

FIELD EFFECTS IN LIQUID CRYSTALS

Mihaela GHELMEZ (DUMITRU)1, Gabriela SAVU (CONSTANTIN)

2, Cristian TOMA

1

S6 P13

NUMERICAL COMPUTATION OF THE SYMMETRIES FOR THE MECHANICAL MODELS OF

FIELD THEORIES. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH

Afrodita Liliana BOLDEA , Costin Radu BOLDEA

S6 P14

MEASUREMENT OF AC ELECTRIC PARAMETERS AND EVIDENCE OF ODD HARMONICS IN A

HID LAMP

Novac Adrian HARABOR, Ana HARABOR, Elena Loredana HARABOR

13th


S6 P15

ONTO AN APPROPRIATE LIST OF ABILITIES OF THE CURRICULUM FOR PHYSICS

Gheorghe DUMITRESCU

S6 P16

PHYSICS AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

Sorina Maria LEU and Valerica BABAN

S6 P17

EFFECTIV METHODS OF TEACHING PHISICS

Adriana CIOCAN

PLENARY SESSION

26

13th

International Balkan Workshop on Applied

Physics Constanţa, Romania, July 4-6, 2013

ABSTRACTS

S0 – PLENARY SESSION

PLENARY SESSION

27

S0 01

APPLIED PHYSICS RESEARCH AT THE EUROPEAN CENTER EXTREME LIGHT

INFRASTRUCTURE - NUCLEAR PHYSICS (ELI-NP)

Nicolae-Victor ZAMFIR

National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Bucharest, Romania

ELI Nuclear Physics, one of the 4 pillars of ELI, will be built in Bucharest-Magurele, Romania. It is meant as an

unique research facility to investigate the impact of very intense electromagnetic radiation (Extreme Light) on

matter with specific focus on nuclear phenomena and their applications. The extreme light is realized at ELI-NP

in two ways: by very high optical laser intensities and by the very short wavelength beams on γ-ray domain. The

Gamma Beam System, based on Compton backscattering of a laser beam on electron beam accelerated by a

warm LINAC, will produce variable energy gamma beam (Eγ = 0.2 – 19.5 MeV) with a very good bandwidth (in

the 10-3

domain) and with very high brilliance. This combination allows for stand-alone experiments with a state-

of-art high-intensity laser, standalone high resolution γ-beam experiments or combined experiments of both

photon sources. The description of the future ELI-NP facility, the planned applied physics experiments and the

status of the project implementation will be presented.

S0 02

APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS

Dimiter L. Balabanski 1,2

1 ”Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering,

30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125 Măgurele, jud. Ilfov, Romania 2 Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,

72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria

Different applications of nuclear physics techniques will be reviewed. These include accelerator-based

techniques for production of radioisotopes, which are used in medical diagnostics and spectroscopic techniques

for their utilization, accelerator-based techniques for cancer therapy. Special attention will be paid to novel

techniques, which rely on heavy-ion therapy. Novel detector systems will be reviewed, which find application in

home-land security projects. An example will be provided with landmine demining. Accelerator-based

techniques related to cultural-heritage studies and environmental research will be presented. Special emphasis

will be put on applications which will become possible at the ELI-NP facility* which is currently under

construction at Măgurele, such as nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) for nuclear materials and radioactive

waste management.

_________________________________ * This work is supported by Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) – Phase I, a project co-financed by the European

Union through the European Regional Development Fund.

S0 03

SOLITONS AND VORTICES IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES: A PARTICLE-PICTURE BASED

UNIFYING PERSPECTIVE

D. J. Frantzeskakis

University of Athens, Greece

Results on the statics, stability, dynamics and interactions between solitons and vortices in atomic Bose-Einstein

condensates with repulsive interatomic interactions are presented. Different settings, namely 1D, 2D and

multicomponent, are studied following the same strategy. In particular, dynamical properties of single

solitons/vortices in the presence of the external trapping potential are studied, at first, by means of perturbation

PLENARY SESSION

28

theory and asymptotic methods. The linearization spectrum around stationary soliton/vortex states reveals their

stability properties, as well as the existence of characteristic (anomalous mode) eigenfrequencies associated with

the soliton/vortex motion. Next, interactions between solitons in the absence of the trap are studied by means of

integrability results and variational methods. Finally, the full problem of multiple soliton/vortex states in the

presence of the trapping potential is studied by means of dynamical systems methods and bifurcation theory

techniques. Importantly, this blend of different, yet complementary, methods offers a clear particle-like picture

for solitons and vortices, which is in quantitative agreement with direct simulations and pertinent experimental

results.

S0 04

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR SOFT LASER TRANSFER OF BIOMATERIALS FOR

NANOBIOMEDICINE

Ion N. Mihailescu, Carmen Ristoscu, Felix Sima

National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiations Physics, Lasers Department, 409 Atomistilor, P.O. Box

MG-54, Magurele - Ilfov, RO-077125, Romania

We review recent results on progress in laser technologies for soft transfer of biomaterials in form of thin films.

We present comparative results on characterization of pullulan thin films of biopolymer obtained by PLD

(pulsed laser deposition) and MAPLE (matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation). It was demonstrated by FTIR

that only MAPLE is appropriate for transfer with high structural and compositional fidelity.

We immobilized urease in the form of thin films using MAPLE. The kinetic analyses indicated that under

optimum conditions the laser immobilized enzyme remains active in breaking down urea.

We analyze the transfer of novel PMMA-bioglass composites to uniform thin layers. The presence of both

PMMA and bioglass cations was evidenced in all deposited structures. The cells cultivated on PMMA-bioglass

layers entirely covered the structures proving their high biocompatibility. We showed that the composite

PMMA-bioglass films deposited by MAPLE efficiently protects metal implants against corrosion in human

fluids.

Thin films of Alendronate-HA composite nanocrystals with increasing bisphosphonate content (0, 3.9, 7.1% wt)

were synthesized by MAPLE. In the presence of alendronate, the MG63 cells displayed a normal morphology,

increased proliferation and high values of differentiation parameters. In contrast, osteoclasts showed

significantly reduced proliferation and increased level of Caspase 3. These evolutions support the potential

application of the composite coatings for the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone diseases.

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is a promising alternative to HA as biomaterial for hard tissues repair.

Magnesium substituted OCP and Strontium substituted OCP deposited by MAPLE on Ti substrates enhance

osteoblast activity and differentiation. The increased proliferation, and superior activity and differentiation of the

cells grown on SrOCP and MgOCP with respect to those cultivated on undoped OCP films or on polystyrene

plate controls demonstrated that ion-doping improves the beneficial effect of OCP on bone cells, suggesting that

MgOCP and SrOCP coatings could be usefully applied on Ti implants for orthopedic use. The production of

procollagen-type I, transforming growth factor -β1, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin indicated that the level

of differentiation of the cells grown on the different coatings increased in the order OCP < MgOCP < SrOCP.

Normal cell morphology and optimal spread with differentiation potential have been demonstrated by

fluorescence and SEM, when human osteoblast precursor cells were cultivated on multistructures consisting of

extra-cellular matrix (ECM) protein/HA/Ti implant.

We transferred by laser direct write (LDW) fibronectine, an ECM protein, vital for material bio-activation by

adsorption and cell adhesion at the interface. The obtained structures had good lateral resolution and exhibited no

detectable decomposition.

We conclude that the deposited thin films and structures were identical to the starting materials, preserving their

chemical structure and very likely their functionality and biological activity.

S0 05

CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS:

TWO CASESTUDIES

FLORINA MATEI1, STEVEN LIM

2, YUAN CHEN

3, DRAGOŞ CIUPARU

1

PLENARY SESSION

29

1 Petrol – Gaze University, Ploieşti;

2 Exxon – Mobil Corporation, USA;

3 Nanyang Technological University, Sinagapore

For many years, the use of catalysts has been considered as depending solely on the chemical nature of

the catalytic materials and on usual reaction parameters. Recent advances in materials’ characterization

complementing reactivity studies have led to discovery of interesting correlations between the structure of the

materials involved in the catalytic process – both the catalytic materials and its support – and their performance

in various chemical reactions, especially with respect to reactivity and selectivity. Maybe the most spectacular

example is the reactivity of gold, well known to catalysis researchers as one of the most catalytically inert

materials, in oxidation reactions controlled by the size of the metallic clusters. Gold nanoparticles ranging in

diameter from 1 to 8 nanometers were shown different oxidation behavior when exposed to atomic oxygen with

a maximum oxidation resistance for magic-number clusters containing 55 gold atoms. Latter on other researchers

demonstrated that gold-55 clusters act as especially effective oxidation catalysts, such as for oxidizing carbon

monoxide. Here we will approach two case studies demonstrating, on one hand, a rather unusual metallic cluster

size control and its indirect use for selective production of uniform diameter single wall carbon nanotubes, and,

on the other hand, and exotic type of catalysis electrochemically promoted, where the catalytic activity is non-

Faradaic modified (NEMCA) by the application of an electric potential between the catalyst and a reference,

inert electrode located on opposite sides of a solid ceramic electrolyte disc. In each case the structure of the

catalytic materials is extremely important for their catalytic performance.

In the synthesis of carbon nanotubes by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition method the diameter of

the resulting single wall carbon nanotubes strongly correlates with the size of the metallic clusters used as

catalysts in the process. However, in classic catalytic systems where metallic particles are dispersed on different

supports, stabilizing clusters of uniform diameter under real synthesis conditions is rather difficult due to the

high temperatures a partial pressures of electron donor molecules such CO, which cause metal mobility,

clustering and particle growth with negative impact on the diameter uniformity and carbon type selectivity, as

larger metallic particles generate amorphous carbon, multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphite. We show here a

method of controlling metallic cluster size by using metal precursors initially entrapped in a silica matrix and

slowly reduced and released from the template to generate uniform diameter clusters and, thus, uniform diameter

SWNT.

The second case study refers to a comparison of the behavior of the same catalysts dispersed on

supports of the same chemical nature, but with different porosity in an experimental setup demonstrating the

Electrochemical Promotion of Catalytic activity phenomenon. Palladium catalysts dispersed on dense yttria-

stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte have had an encouraging open circuit activity in methane complete

oxidation and showed good values of the parameters characterizing the NEMCA phenomenon. However, when

the same catalyst was interfaced with a porous layer of YSZ, its open circuit activity was significantly higher,

but still showing considerable NEMCA effect despite the low electrical conductivity of the porous interlayer and

high in-plane resistance of the catalyst. This behavior was explained by the oxidation state of the catalyst that

was found to be different in one system than the other, with the porous layer favoring oxygen transfer between

the support and the dispersed catalyst particles.

S0 06

LASER PROCESSING OF POLYMERS: APPLICATION TO GAS SENSORS

A. PALLA-PAPAVLUa, D. CANNATÀ

b, M. BENETTI

b, F. DI PIETRANTONIO

b, E. VERONA

b,

V. DINCAa, T. LIPPERT

c,A. WOKAUN, M. DINESCU

a

a. National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania

b. “O.M. Corbino” Institute of Acoustics, Italian National Research Council – CNR, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere

100, 00133 Rome, Italy

c. General Energy Research Department, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Laser-Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) is an advantageous method used for the deposition of a wide

range of materials both in solid or liquid phase. In LIFT, a laser beam is focused through a transparent support

plate onto the backside of a thin film coated with the material to be transferred (donor film). Each single laser

pulse promotes the transfer of the thin film material (donor film) onto a receiver substrate that is usually placed

parallel and facing the thin film at a short distance. The donor substrate can be previously coated with a

polymeric layer (triazene polymer TP), which is called dynamic release layer (DRL) or sacrificial layer. This

layer has the purpose to improve the process efficiency and to reduce the risk of damaging the layer to be

transferred. An important opportunity arises from the applicability of polymers i.e.

PLENARY SESSION

30

hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), ethylcellulose (EC), polyepichlorhydrine (PECH), polyisobutylene

(PIB), polyethyleneimine (PEI), to Surface Scoustic Waves (SAW) devices for their broad range of applications

aiming toxic gas detection.

This talk shall focus on the development of sensors and sensor arrays based on SAW resonators coated

with chemoselective polymers i.e. HPMC, EC, PECH, PIB, and PEI deposited by LIFT using an excimer laser.

The donor films used in LIFT were prepared by Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE).

MAPLE is a physical vapor deposition method, similar to the conventional pulsed laser deposition (PLD) that

involves diluting the material of interest in a volatile, noninteracting matrix or solvent (0.1–5 wt%) freezing the

mixture to create a solid target. When the system is irradiated by laser beam, the solvent evaporates whereas the

molecules of interest (polymer or biological compounds) are collected on a substrate. Parameters such as laser

fluence, target film morphology, thickness of the donor film, etc. were investigated in order to determine the

optimum experimental conditions under which sensitive polymer “pixels” can be obtained. It was found that

better results in terms of polymer pixel morphology are obtained by using TP as a DRL compared to the LIFT

process without a DRL; thin films obtained by MAPLE deposition have a higher quality (for the application as

donor films in LIFT) than films deposited by spin coating and also for sensor application, a maximum thickness

of 60 nm should be used for the polymer layers.

Following the morphological and structural characterization, the responses of the polymer coated sensors

was measured together with the sensitivity towards different analyte concentrations. The sensor arrays were

tested upon exposure to dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP, a simulant for nerve gases and pesticides

containing phosphonate ester groups), dichloromethane (DCM, an industrial applied toxic compound and

simulant for choking agents, such as chlorine or phosgene), and ethyl acetate (EtOAc, a wide spread solvent in

medical and industrial applications which can be harmful to humans) vapors, showing, for each of the sensors, a

different sensitivity to the selected chemical agents. The best sensitivities for DMMP and DCM, obtained by

using a PECH coated sensor, are 66.23 Hz/ppm and 0.034 Hz/ppm, respectively, whereas the best sensitivity for

EtOAc, obtained using PIB, is 0.33 Hz/ppm. These results prove the feasibility of LIFT as a deposition method

of active material in sensors and sensor arrays.

Section 1 - MATERIALS PHYSICS

31

SECTION

S1 – Materials Physics

Semiconductors, Dielectrics and Organic Materials





32

INVITED LECTURES

S1 L01

HIGH ENERGY PERMANENT MAGNETS

E.Burzo

Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, M. Kogalniceanu 1, 400084, Cluj-Napoca

The permanent magnets are essential elements in a very large number of technical applications. Now,

billion dollars. In the first part of the report, the time evolution of permanent magnets performances and their use

in daily-life applications are presented. The status of permanent magnets characteristics and the research

directions in this area are then presented, particularly on iron-containing magnets. The energy product of Nd-Fe-

B magnets is now close to the theoretical limit. The researches in this field focused on nanocomposites materials

having low Nd content, particularly anisotropic ones. Other directions are connected with rare-earth-iron-

nitrogen, Sm-Fe-C or Y-based magnets. Clustered Fe-Pt magnets are also of interest as well cheaper iron based

magnets, free of rare-earths. The studies in the field of permanent magnets performed by our groups in

correlation with those realized at international level will be then presented.

S1 L02

ORGANIC/INORGANIC HYBRID STRUCTURES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS

Ştefan ANTOHE

University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, P.O.Box: MG-11, Bucharest-Magurele, 077125 ROMANIA, E-mail:

[email protected]

In the last decades the second, third and forth generations of photovoltaic cells based both on the

organic thin films and hybrid nanostructured inorganic/organic materials structures have attracted a great deal of

interest among scientists involved in the research efforts to produce efficient and low-cost solar cells. Using of

organic semiconductors is expected to result in the desired reduction of the costs. Moreover, these

semiconductors can be produced from non-toxic precursors, and the technology needed for producing thin films

is simpler. Among the organic semiconductors envisaged to be used in such structures, small molecules like

metal-doped phthalocyanines (MePc, with Me=Cu, Mg, Zn, etc.) and polymers are the most studied, due to their

peculiar optical properties. Their optical absorption in the visible range of the solar spectrum is strong, but based

on an excitonic mechanism. Most of the photogenerated excitons annihilate by direct recombination before the

occurring of the charge separation in the internal field of the structure. This charge extraction problem can be

avoided by creating a large area heterostructure at the interface with an inorganic semiconductor. This approach

should also reduce the series resistance of the structure. Excitons photogenerated near this interface will

dissociate by electronic transfer. A typical value for the diffusion length of the exciton in organic semiconductors

is of 30-80 nm, while in order to achieve the required efficiency in light absorption, the absorber layer has to be

at least 100 nm thick. One way to improve the extraction of the charge carriers will consist in significantly

increasing of the area of the interface between the two components of the heterostructure, expecting to take place

in the third and fourth generation of solar cells.

In this work are summarized the electrical and photoelectrical properties of the organic photovoltaic

cells based on the organic thin films and hybrid inorganic/organic structures.

In the case of second generation of photovoltaic cells, first the single-layer structures (ITO/CuPc/Al

and ITO/TPyP/Al) were been prepared and characterized. The double-layer photovoltaic structures based on the

p-n heterojunction present at the interface between two organic layers, like, ITO/CuPc/TPyP/Al and ITO/Chl

a/TPyP/Al, exhibits stronger spectral sensitivity and better spectral matching to a solar spectrum than Schottky

cells using either CuPc or TPyP layer, having a power conversion efficiency with about two orders of magnitude,

higher than those of single-layer structures. Three-layered organic solar cells with an interlayer of codeposited

dyes of p-type CuPc and n-type TPyP, between the respective dye layers were also prepared and characterized,

showing an increased power conversion efficiency, with respect of double–layer structures.


33

The spectral sensitization of a-Si: H solar cells using an organic layer were also obtained. The action

spectrum was extended by 30 nm to longer wavelength range, using a 100 nm thick layer of TPyP.

In the case of third generation of solar cells, the polymer (P3HT, PCBM or MEH-PPV, PCBM and their

blend) based photovoltaic cells were produced by spin-coating technique. The structures based on the P3HT:

PCBM (1:1) blend shows a promising photovoltaic response, with a power conversion efficiency increased of

about two order of degree, with respect of those measured in the case of structures based on P3HT or PCBM

polymers.

Such as above shown, one way to improve the extraction of the charge carriers will consist in

significantly increasing of the area of the interface between the two components of the heterostructure, then

reducing the dimensions of D/A heterojunctions to the dimension of exciton diffusion length in the organic

absorber. In this way the driving forces, due to potential difference between Donor LUMO and Acceptor LUMO,

will acts efficiently for exciton dissociation and photo charge carrier generation, what is expected for the

efficient fourth generation solar cells.

In this case we report two kind of prepared and characterized structures: i) hybrid structures based on

nanostructured ZnO electrode, photosensitized by CuPC; ii) hybrid structures based on CdTe nanowires

arrays/ZnPc or TPyP.

Three types of hybrid structures based on nanostructured ZnO were prepared: a) Nanostructured ZnO

thin films/CuPc; b) ZnO nanowires array/CuPc; c) ZnO nanotubes array/CuPc. EQE of ZnO wire arrays/CuPc

structures was 4 time larger than that of ZnO nanostructured film/CuPc structures and EQE of ZnO nanotubes

arrays/CuPc structures was about one order of magnitude higher than that of ZnO nanostructured film/CuPc

structures.

For second type, hybrid cells based on the heterostructure at the interface between wire arrays of CdTe,

and the organic film ZnPc and TPyP, were produced and characterized. EQE of CdTe nws/CdTe (200nm)/ZnPc

structures was two order of magnitude higher than in the case of CdTe nws/ZnPc.

Currently, work is in progress to improve the efficiency of these structures, by increasing the density of

the nanowire or nanotube arrays, improving the crystalline quality of both the wires and the organic dyes thin

films and improving also the quality of the inner interface of the structures.

S1 L03

DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY IN FERROELECTRIC RELAXATION OF TGS CRYSTAL

Horia V. ALEXANDRU 1

*, Carmen MÎNDRU 1, Constantin Paul GANEA

2 and Liviu NEDELCU

1 Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Romania

2 National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

* Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]

Triglycine sulphate crystal (TGS for short) has a typical second order ferroelectric transition of order–disorder

type around 49 oC. A peculiar instability of both components of permittivity appears in the ferroelectric phase,

crossing down the Curie point. Pure TGS crystal was grown in the paraelectric phase and we have investigated

the dielectric dispersion on the frequency range 1 Hz 10 MHz (seven orders of magnitude) and on a large

temperature range -120 to +65 oC, crossing up and down the Curie point. Two fundamental relaxations and an

intermediate one we have found in the Cole-Cole representations.

The higher frequency relaxation with the relaxation time of H = (3-4)10-7

sec is related to “the critical slowing

down” mechanism and has almost constant value on the temperature range – 40 / + 45 oC, being related to a long

distance order in the lattice, not affected by the thermal energy (has non-Arrhenius temperature dependence).

The lower frequency relaxation having a relaxation time of L ~10-3

sec is related with ferroelectric domain

relaxation and has a peculiar thermal evolution, with the activation energy of 0.65-0.70 eV.

An unusual mid frequency relaxation time of M ~10-5

sec, we have detected for the first time in the literature, in

specific temperature ranges of the ferroelectric phase (JOAM 14 (1912) 157-162, thesis Carmen MÎNDRU nov.

2012). This type of relaxation does not seem to have a real physical support being rather an interaction of the

previously two related mechanisms.

Some other peculiar aspects evidenced by the dielectric spectroscopy on the mentioned frequency range shall be

presented.


34

S1 L04

FIRST ORDER REVERSAL CURVES METHOD FOR HYSTERESIS IN MATERIALS:

APPLICATION ON SPIN CROSSOVER COMPOUNDS

Cristian ENACHESCU

Faculty of Physics and CARPATH Center, “Al. I. Cuza”University of Iasi, Romania

[email protected]

Hysteresis is a complex phenomenon determined by the lag that can be observed between the input

parameter, i.e. the applied magnetic field in magnetism and the output parameter, i.e. the magnetic moment of

the sample. A distinction has to be made between the rate dependent hystereses, which appear only as an effect

of lag vanishes for low-frequency measurements and rate independent hystereses which do not change if the

field rate in the measurements is modified in a wide range of values. The rate independent hysteresis can be

linked with the existence in the system of entities with metastable states. Each such entity has its individual

hysteresis loop that depends on the particle’s shape, anisotropy, volume, etc. It is characterized by a free energy

function that has for a definite domain of the input parameter two minima separated by a maximum. The

behavior of an ensemble of particles will also display hysteresis that will be controlled not only by the hysteretic

properties of each isolated particle but also by the interactions between particles.

The First Order Reversal Curves (FORC) method is a general, model-independent technique which provides

a sensitive characterization of the interactions and domain behavior in materials with hysteresis with applications

in physics, geology and technology. The FORCs are a specific class of minor hysteresis loops, for which the

sweeping process of the input parameter is reversed once from one of the branches of the major hysteresis loop.

This method allows a direct determination of a two-dimensional distribution (FORC diagram), usually of

individual hysteresis width and interactions between domains.

A special area of interest in recent years was the application of and FORC technique as a tool to understand

the hysteretic behavior spin crossover molecular magnets, materials that do show a complex nonlinear behavior.

The spin crossover materials display in the two stable states (low spin and high spin) different magnetic

properties (diamagnetic and paramagnetic), but do not illustrate a classical magnetic hysteresis. Nevertheless,

due to elastic interactions, some of these compounds show a complex nonlinear behavior including temperature,

pressure, and light-induced thermal hysteresis. We have applied the FORC diagram method for the thermal

hysteresis of spin crossover materials and have shown that the diagram can be interpreted in terms of

distributions of physical parameters such as the energy gap between the states, or interactions between like-spin

domains. The FORC method applied on diluted spin crossover materials has suggested that distributions of

internal stresses and domain size increase with dilution. In addition, we present experimental FORC data for rate

dependent light induced hysteresis and for the pressure hysteresis. Finally, we discuss the models for all

hysteresis and their correlations with experiments. Acknowledgements This work was supported by Romanian

CNCS projects TE 185/2010 and PCCE 9/2010.

References

[1] R. Tanasa, C. Enachescu, A. Stancu, F. Varret et al, Phys. Rev. B 71, 014431 (2005)

[2] C. Enachescu, R. Tanasa, A. Stancu, F. Varret, et al., Phys. Rev. B 72, 054413 (2005)

[3] C. Enachescu, L. Stoleriu, A. Stancu, A. Hauser, Phys. Rev. Lett, 102, 257204 (2009)

[4] A. Tissot, C. Enachescu, M.L. Boillot, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 20451 (2012)

[5] P. Chakraborty, C. Enachescu, A. Hauser, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem, 5-6, 770 (2013)

S1 L05

DISCOVERING THE POLES OF THE MOLECULAR MAGNETS

Marilena FERBINTEANUA and Fanica CIMPOESU

B

a University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry, Inorg. Chem. Dept., Dumbrava Rosie 23, Bucharest 020462,

Romania b Institute of Physical Chemistry, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest 060021, Romania

Email: [email protected], [email protected]

The modern age of molecular magnetism was initiated about two decades ago,[1] reconsidering at

molecular level (triggering also a full universe of related chemistry), the mechanisms and varieties of spin

couplings, that where seminally known from early solid state physics.[2] Whether the problems of spin-coupling


35

were resolved in the first stages of this evolution, the complex issue of magnetic anisotropy came only recently

in the consideration,[3] as a new generation of paradigms. In this key, we proposed relevant case studies on

newly synthesized corroborated with innovative theoretical methodologies and inter-pretations in the spirit of

chemical and physical intuition. A part of the synthetic strategies is devoted to lanthanide chemistry, con-

sidering that most of the f ions are intrinsic carriers of anisotropy. A series of systems, assembled in

supramolecular extended systems is analyzed, identifying the conditions determining the manifestation of

magnet at molecular and at nano-scale levels.

The true understanding of the various magnetic systems is realized including in the focus the theoretical

subtleties of electronic structure. However, the quantum chemistry of lanthanide system is not simple, because of

hidden technical difficulties residing in the non-aufbau configura-tions of the f ions. Original methodological

developments [4,5] facing this problem allowed us unprecedented insight in the analysis of magnetic anisotropy

(Figure 1). Powerful approaches enabling the representation polar maps of microscopic magnetization and

analysis relating its dependence on local crystal field parameters offer a suggestive insight in the electronic and

magnetic properties of considered systems.

Figure 1. The polar map of axial magnetic anisotropy

(a) determined by the axial crystal field pattern; (b)

considered for a Tb(III) site in a binuclear systems

Acknowledgements: The financial support

from the CNCS/UEFISCDI research grant PN2-ID-

PCCE-239/2010 is gratefully acknowledged.

References:

[1] Kahn, O. Molecular Magnetism, Wiley, NewYork,

1993.

[2] Goodenough, J. B. Magnetism and the Chemical Bond, Interscience, New York, 1963.

[3] Gateschi, D.; Sessoli, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 268.

[4] Cimpoesu, F.; Dahan, F.; Ladeira, S.; Ferbinteanu, M.; Costes, J-P. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 11279.

[5] Ferbinteanu, M.; Cimpoesu, F.; Girtu, M. A.; Enachescu, C.; Tanase, S. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 40.

S1 L06

“SiC MULTI-LAYER PROTECTIVE COATING ON CARBON: SYNTHESIS AND

CHARACTERISATION”

V. Ciupina1,2,3

, C. P. Lungu4, R. Vladoiu

1, T-D. Epure

1, G. Prodan

1,2, C. Porosnicu

4, I. Jepu

4,

M. Belc

1, M.

Prodan1, I. M. Oancea- Stanescu

1, C. Stefanov

1, M. Contulov

1, A. Mandes

1, V. Dinca

1,E. Vasile

5, V.

Zarovschi4,V. Nicolescu

6

1Department of Plasma Physics, Faculty of Physics, Chemistry, Electronics and Oil Technology, Ovidius

University, Mamaia 124, Constanta, 900527, Romania 2Institute for Nanotechnology and Alternative Energy Sources, Ovidius University, Mamaia 124, Constanta,

900527, Romania 3Faculty of Physics Bucharest University, Atomistilor No. 405, Magurele, 077125, Romania

4National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, PO Box MG-36, 077125,

Bucharest Romania 5 Metav CD SA, C.A.Rosetti No. 31, Bucharest, 020011, Romania

6CERONAV, Pescarilor No. 69, Constanta, 900581, Romania

SiC single-layer or multi-layer on C used to improve the oxidation resistance and tribological properties of C

have been obtained by Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) method. The 200nm thickness carbon thin films was

deposed on glass or Si substrate and then 100÷500 nm thickness SiC successively layers on carbon thin film was

deposed. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of as-prepared SiC coating were investigated by

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Scanning Electron

Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and tribological techniques.

Samples containing SiC single-layer or multi-layer coating on carbon were investigated up to 1000oC. The

results of thermal treatments reveals the increase of oxidation resistance with increase of the number of SiC

(a) (b)


36

layers. The mechanism of oxidation protection is based on the reaction between SiC and elemental oxygen

resulting SiO2 and CO.

The tribological behavior of SiC coatings was evaluated with a tribometer with ball-on-disk configuration from

CSM device with 6mm diameter sapphire ball, sliding speed in dry conditions being 0.1m/s, with normal contact

loads of 1N, 3N and 10N, under unlubricated conditions. The friction coefficient on SiC was compared with the

friction coefficient on uncoated carbon layer.

Electrical conductivity of SIC coating on carbon was measured comparing the potential drop on the sample with

potential drop on a series standard resistance in constant current mode. The electrical conductivity of SiC

coatings was monitoring relative to the uncoated carbon layers at different temperatures.

S1 L07

X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY OF FERROELECTRICS AND

METAL/FERROELECTRIC INTERFACES

Cristian-Mihail TEODORESCU

National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 105b, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is nowadays widely used in the characterization of surfaces

and interfaces [1]. The most important features of this technique are (i) the element sensitivity, allowing one to

derive compositions with accuracies below 1 atomic %; (ii) the chemical sensitivity, allowing one to derive

ionization and hybridation states and hence the nature of the chemical compounds; (iii) the surface sensitivity,

allowing one to investigate in depth the composition and the nature of the chemical compounds. To these kind of

analyses, I will demonstrate in this Contribution how a fourth feature may be added, namely the quantification of

band bendings at charged surfaces and at interfaces between metals and semiconductors with different

workfunctions [2,3].

Free ferroelectric surfaces stablise depolarization charges, which induce bendings of the vacuum level

and of the valence band maxima. Owing to the extremely high surface sensitivity of the XPS technique, the core

level position of atoms situated at the surface of the sample may be used to quantify the band bendings as

function of the out-of-plane polarization state of the sample surface, as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 2 shows a practical

example of this technique, where a Pb(Ti,Zr)O3 (PZT) sample is investigated as function of thermal treatments,

where induced oxygen vacancies progressively influence the out-of-plane polarization state [3]. Fig. 3 shows

how the deposition of a metal (Au) layer onto PZT induces a change in the out-of-plane polarization state,

together with the Schottky band bending.

Throughout this contribution, I will also sketch a new theoretical approach of band bending at free

ferroelectric surfaces and at metal-semiconductor Schottky contacts and I will discuss XPS-derived band

bendings obtained on interfaces formed by several metals (Au, Cu, Pt) on ferroelectric single crystal substrates

(PZT, barium titanate). The XPS results will be compared with results obtained by piezoresponse force

microscopy (PFM) and by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Finally, I will present

also some very new data, pointing on the induction of ferromagnetism by the depolarization charge in Mn atoms

diffused in the ferroelectric material.

Figure 1. Band diagrams at ferroelectric surfaces: (a) outwards

polarization; (b) inwards polarization; (c) shows how such effects should be visible in core level photoelectron spectroscopy.

__________________________________________

[1] S. Hüfner, Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications, Springer, Berlin, 2003.

[2] S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Wiley,

Hoboken, NJ, 1981. [3] N.G. Apostol et al., Appl. Surf. Sci. 273, 415 (2013); Thin

Solid Films, 10.1016/j.tsf.2013.04.092; Mater. Sci. Eng. B,

10.1016/j.mseb.2013.02.007.

Figure 2. Relationship between the

position of a core level (Pb 5d) and that of the valence band maximum for a PZT

sample subject to several thermal

treatments in UHV.

Figure 3. O 1s core level XPS

spectra for Au layers deposited on PZT.


37

S1 L08

SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY: A USEFUL NON-DESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUE TO PROBE

THE PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS

Aurelian-Catalin GALCA

National Institute of Material Physics, Magurele, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Romania

[email protected] ; http://old.infim.ro/~ac_galca/index.htm

Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a unique characterization technique which measures the change in

polarization of a light-probe reflected from a sample. The measurements are relatively fast, low cost and non-

destructive.

By fitting the ellipsometry data with an adequate optical model, there are determined in the first step the

thicknesses and the complex dielectric function (also expressed as refractive index and extinction coefficient) of

the sample (usually a thin film). Using results for complementary techniques, advanced optical models can be

developed in order to determine fast and non-destructively physical properties such as: degree of crystallinity,

crystallites size and orientation, porosity, density, composition and electrical properties.

In this work it will be presented the principle, the advantages and the possibilities of spectroscopic

ellipsometry technique. Recent examples [1-5] will be given, highlighting the usefulness of a fast a non invasive

technique such as ellipsometry.

Fig. 1. Graphical representation of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry principle.

References

[1] A.C. Galca, G.E. Stan, L.M. Trinca, C.C. Negrila, L.C. Nistor, Thin Solid Films 524 2012, 328-

333 doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2012.10.015

[2] G.E. Stan, I. Pasuk, L.M. Trinca, A.C. Galca, M. Enculescu, F. Miculescu, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 7

(1) 2012, 41-50 http://www.chalcogen.infim.ro/41_Stan.pdf

[5]. C. Besleaga, G.E. Stan, A.C. Galca, L. Ion, S. Antohe, Appl. Surf. Sci. 258 (22) 2012, 8819-

8824 doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.05.097

[4]. A.C. Galca, G. Socol, V. Craciun,Thin Solid Films 520 (14) 2012, 4722-4725 doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2011.10.194

[5].M. Cernea, L. Trupina, C. Dragoi, A.C. Galca, L. Trinca,J. Mater. Sci. 47 (19) 2012, 6966-

6971 doi:10.1007/s10853-012-6646-1

[6] A. Le Febvrier, A.C. Galca, Y. Corredores, S. Députier, V. Bouquet, V. Demange, X. Castel, R. Sauleau, R.

Lefort, Ly. Zhang, G. Tanné, L. Pintilie, M. Guilloux-Viry, ACS Appl. Mat. Interf. 4 (10) 2012, 5227-

5233 doi:10.1021/am301152r

S1 L09

3D NUMERICAL COMPUTATION OF SUBMICRONIC PARTICLE SUSPENSION DISTRIBUTION

IN A MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE UNDER DIELECTROPHORESIS

A. NECULAE, M. BUNOIU, T. MARIAN and M. LUNGU

Faculty of Physics, West University of Timisoara, Romania


38

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

S1 L10

METAL OXIDE THIN FILMS FOR FUNCTIONAL ELECTRONIC DEVICES

F. IACOMI

Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506-Iasi, Romania

Functional oxide thin films recent advances made possible a fantastic development of transparent oxide

electronics. For metal oxide applications in advanced electronic devices there are necessary n and p type

semiconductors. Oxide-based electronics can handle higher voltages than silicon-based electronics and could

also be used to create new sensors for monitoring gases. The present contribution reports recent results obtained

on n and p type metal oxides (In2-(x+y)SnxZnyO, Zn1-xCoxO, ZnGaO, Fe2O3, Ni1−xCoxFe2O4) deposited on different

substrates (glass, quartz, alumina, silicon) by using different deposition methods (spin coating, vacuum thermal

evaporation, rf magnetron sputtering).

a) b)

c) d)

Fig.1. a) Dependence on temperature of electrical conductivity of n and p type In2-(x+y)SnxZnyO thin films; b) Effect of

2h UV irradiation on the EPR spectrum registered at 110K of 25% Co doped ZnO thin film; c)Sensing properties of

2% Ga doped ZnO; d)Evidence of iron species from XPS spectrum of Ni0.25Co0.75Fe2O4 thin films.

Thin films structural and functional investigations (XRD, XPS, EPR, optical, magnetic, gas sensing techniques,

Fig.1) proved that by controlling the doping, post deposition annealing and UV irradiation procedures one can

finely tune the structural, optical, electronic, magnetic and gas sensing properties providing the proper

functionality for the targeted application.

[1] A. Yildiz, F. Iacomi, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 81 (2012) 054602

[2] A. Yildiz, B. Yurduguzel, B. Kayhan, G. Calin, M. Dobromir, F. Iacomi, J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 23

(2012) 425.

[3] F. Tudorache, P. D. Popa, M. Dobromir, F. Iacomi, Mater. Sci. Eng. B (2013),

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2013.03.019


39

S1 L11

ENLARGING THE FUNCTIONAL CHARACTER OF TIO2-AU/AG BASED MATERIALS

Monica BAIA,1,2

Virginia DANCIU,3 Zsolt PAP,

3 and Lucian BAIA

1,2

1Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Physics, M. Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

2Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University,

Treboniu Laurian 42, 400271, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 3Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany Janos 11,

400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

The environmental friendly character of TiO2 is well-known and an often debated aspect, especially in the

framework of the photocatalytic investigations, where titania based materials are involved. Additionally to the

photocatalytic destruction of water pollutants, the activation of other functionalities of such materials, such as the

contaminants’ capture, or even better their sensing, represents an important task. By considering the great

enhancement of the Raman signal given by a pollutant molecule located on a nanoscale-roughed noble metal

surface, i.e. gold and silver, or even in its very close vicinity (Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering or SERS

technique), the obtaining of multifunctional materials, which additionally to the water pollutant destruction are

capable to efficiently detect contaminants, becomes a challenge. Taking into account the benefit brought by the

appropriate dimensions of the noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) relative to those of the TiO2 aerogel’s pores, we

designed by various synthesis methods porous composites that efficiently exhibit the above mentioned

functionalities. Thus, alongside the remarkable photocatalytic properties of the obtained nanoarchitectures, their

mesoporous character existence makes possible the diffusion of pollutant molecules through the three-

dimensional network, and consequently, the quick detection of contaminants by SERS. In this work the

discussion is mainly focused on both evaluating the pollutant sensing functionality of various synthesized porous

composites by using a large variety of standard pollutant molecules as well as assessing their destruction

capacity of water pollutants by photocatalysis, their structural and morphological particularities being

emphasized as well. The best performances related to the mentioned functionalities were acquired for the

samples obtained by titania gel impregnated with Au/Ag NPs followed by supercritical drying. The lowest

pollutants detectable concentrations were found to vary between 10-2

and 10-10

M, depending on the sample

obtaining procedure, pollutant species and the type of the excitation, i.e. off and under resonant condition, and

the best photodegradation rate constant was found for TiO2-Au NPs porous composites (31.35x10-3

min-1

). The

obtained results demonstrate the enormous potential of the porous nanoarchitectures for further use in the

development of nano-devices capable to detect very fast minute concentrations of known chemical pollutants

from various aquatic media or even of novel SERS-based sensors for water quality monitoring.

Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific

Research; project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0442.

S1 L12

FAST AS A NEW BRAZING ROUTE FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS

M. GALATANU 1, B.POPESCU

1, I .ENCULESCU

1, I. TISEANU

2, A. GALATANU

1

1)

National Institute of Materials Physics, Magurele 077125 Romania 2)

National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele 077125 Romania

We have developed a simple and effective technique for brazing refractory materials like Tungsten or Silicon

carbide using the field assisted sintering technology (FAST). By this route we have succeeded in joining W and

SiC using W, V, Ti, Pd, Fe and Cu foils and adequate process parameters. However, detailed morphology

investigations of the joint area performed by SEM/EBS/EDX showed that not all brazing materials are well

suited to create a strong joint. Depending on the melting temperature and the wettability of W by the respective

material crack are developing in W close to the joining surface. In the case of SiC, the wettability of SiC by the

brazing material plays a more important role, due to the higher SiC porosity. Thus, if the brazing process takes

place near the melting temperature of the brazing element, materials with higher wettability tends to develop

roots which create strong joints. High temperature measurements of thermal diffusivity of the joined pieces were

also used to asses the joint performance aiming to develop selection criteria for the brazing materials in high heat

flux resistant components.

Acknowledgement


40

This work was supported by the European Communities in the framework of EFDA by WP13MAT-HHFM-04-

01/MEdC/PS contract

S1 L13

LOW-LOSS MICROWAVE DIELECTRICS: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES, AND APPLICATIONS

L. NEDELCU and M. G. BANCIU

National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, [email protected]

In the last years there has been a growing interest in the development of low-loss microwave dielectrics

[1-3]. These temperature-stable materials influence decisively such wireless communication systems as GSM,

UMTS, LTE, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, GPS, etc. Among the dielectrics used in applications, bulk ceramics are by far the

most employed as they offer cost-effective solutions for manufacturing enterprises [2]. We survey here some of

the results concerning the microwave materials and devices obtained in our group [4-8]. In the first part of the

talk, the synthesis and characterization of four types of low-loss dielectrics

(Ba1-xPbxNd2Ti5O14, Zr0.8Sn0.2TiO4, BaZn1/3Ta2/3O3, and BaMg1/3Ta2/3O3) will be discussed. The advantages of

Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy over the conventional FTIR technique used to characterize the dielectric

properties of materials in far-infrared domain will be emphasized. In the second part, the talk will be focused on

the modeling, design, manufacturing, and characterization of several types of microwave passive components.

Electromagnetic design in frequency domain (HFSS) and time domain (CST microwave studio) of microwave

resonators, band-pass filters and dielectric resonator antennas will be presented. The devices simulated responses

are in good agreement with the measured responses. Development of new dielectric materials suitable for

particular microwave applications is possible by appropriate tuning in the “synthesis – microstructure –

properties - applications” cycle. With the advent of new low-loss dielectrics, the field of microwave passive

components will continue be very attractive in the future [3].

References

1. S.J. Fiedziuszko et al., Dielectric materials, devices, and circuits, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. 50

(2002) 706.

2. M. T. Sebastian, Dielectric Materials for Wireless Communication, Elsevier, Oxford, 2008.

3. H. Ohsato, Functional advances of microwave dielectrics for next generation, Ceramic International 38S

(2012) S141.

4. A. Ioachim, M. G. Banciu, M. I. Toacsen, L. Nedelcu, D. Ghetu, H. V. Alexandru, G. Stoica, G. Annino, M.

Cassettari, M. Martinelli, Nickel-Doped (Zr0.8,Sn0.2)TiO4 for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Applications,

Mater. Sci. Eng. B 118 (2005) 205.

5. A. Ioachim, M.G. Banciu, L. Nedelcu, C.A. Dutu, Band-Pass filters with (Zr0.8,Sn0.2)TiO4 Dielectric

Resonators, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 8 (2006) 941.

6. M. Ene-Dobre, M.G. Banciu, L. Nedelcu, A. Ioachim, H.V. Alexandru, Dielectric resonator antennas of ZST

advanced ceramics”, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 8 (2010) 1926.

7. L. Nedelcu, M. I. Toacsan, M. G. Banciu, A. Ioachim, Microwave properties of Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 dielectric

resonators, J. Alloy. Compd. 509 (2011) 477.

8. O. G. Avadanei, M. G. Banciu, I. Nicolaescu, L. Nedelcu, Superior modes in high permittivity cylindrical

dielectric resonator antenna excited by a central rectangular slot, IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. 60 (2012) 5032.

Acknowledgements: This work was partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for

Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-PD-2011-3-0237.

S1 L14

DUAL EMITTER ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS:THERMAL AND STRUCTURAL

CHARACTERISTICS

S. POLOSAN1, I.C. CIOBOTARU

1, C.C. CIOBOTARU

2,

1National Institute for Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele 077125, Romania

2University "POLITEHNICA" of Bucharest, Calea Victoriei 149, Bucharest, 010072, Romania

The new OLED technologies are searching of white efficient organometallic emitters which can be

obtained by mixing blue with red and green colors. Such systems were synthesized in a form of mixed ligand


41

cationic iridium complexes. IrQ(ppy)2 is one of these mixed ligands in which phenylpyridine gives green

phosphorescence and quinoline gives red phosphorescence.

To synthesize IrQ(ppy)2 compound, a two step reaction procedure must be followed, resulting an

intermediate and a final compound.

Thermal analisys of the intermediate compound shows a strong exothermic peak at 200oC assigned to

the decomposition of the bridged dimer and a peak at 423oC, assigned to the phenylpiridine decompositions. The

final compound, IrQ(ppy)2 shows one exothermic peak at 365oC assigned to decomposition of the mixed

ligands.

The XPS peak positions of the 4f levels of iridium, shows different behaviours between the intermediate

and final compound. The intermediate compound have two peaks centered at 66.3 and 64.8 eV assigned to

iridium-chloride in bridged dimers, and Ir-C bonds, respectively. For the final compound, the presence of the

peak centered at 63.06 eV could be assigned to Ir-O bound from quinoline ligand, by comparison with IrOx

compunds.

The SEM images show a polycrystalline structure in both samples and the backscattering electron

images shows a relative uniform distribution of iridium ions. XRD patterns of partially crystalline powder,

obtained from dichlormetane, exhibit a P-1 triclinic structure, which was confirmed by SEM and

cathodoluminescence (CL) images.

The CL spectrum between 400-800 nm, presents two peaks centered at 530 nm (green

emission) and 635 nm (red emission) and the CL image, in the monochromatic light at 635 nm, confirms a

triclinic phosphorescent organometallic compound.

Cathodoluminescence patterns and photoluminescence of IrQ(ppy)2 organometallic compound

S1 L15

MAGNETIC ORDERING IN A FAMILY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE MOLECULAR MAGNETS – A

COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH

Corneliu I. OPREA,1 Bogdan FRECUŞ,

1 Petre PANAIT,

1 Fanica CIMPOESU,

2 Marilena FERBINTEANU,

3

and Mihai A. GÎRŢU1,

*,**

1Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527, Romania 2Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest 060021, Romania

3University of Bucharest, Bucharest 020462, Romania

**Email: [email protected], [email protected]

The recent discovery of spin injection in hybrid organic-inorganic spin valves based on films of

V[TCNE]x (x~2, TCNE = tetracyanoethylene) [1], has brought back to the front line the first room-

temperature molecule-based magnet. We present the results of a theoretical study correlating the structure

and the special magnetic properties of the M[TCNE]2 (M = V, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co) family of materials, with


42

focus on the V[TCNE]2 system. Starting from the available experimental data on M[TCNE]2 systems, we

perform Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with periodic boundary conditions to optimize the

geometry. The DFT calculations indicate antiparallel spin alignment resulting in ferrimagnetic ordering, but

heavily overestimate the value of the exchange coupling. Better estimates of the exchange coupling

parameters, J, are obtained by means of ab initio multiconfiguration calculations, performed on smaller

molecular models cut from the optimized crystal lattice. Further spin-orbit and ligand-field calculations

allowed the modeling of the environment of the V(II) ions yielding a 10Dq ~18400 cm-1

parameter, a

uniform magnetic anisotropy of the bulk, Dc = -0.03 K, and a random anisotropy of Dr = 0.56 K.

[1] J.-W. Yoo, C.-Y. Chen, H. W. Jang, C. W. Bark, V. N. Prigodin, C. B. Eom, and A. J. Epstein, Nature. Mat.

9, 638 (2010).

*Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the financial support from CNCS/UEFISCDI through the

research grant PN2-Idei-PCCE-239/2010, contract no. 9/2010.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S1 O01

SPIN TRANSPORT IN GRAPHENE – BORON NITRIDE HYBRID MATERIALS WITH

TRANSITIONAL METAL IMPURITIES

Camelia VISAN

”Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH),

The Department of Computational Physics and Information Technologies,

077126 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania

The ongoing search for efficient spin filter devices turned the attention towards low dimensional diluted

magnetic semiconductors. One example is hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with transitional metal impurities

[1,2], which is an isomorph of graphene with a very similar lattice constant.

Hybrid graphene-hBN materials have been synthesized [3], combining the properties of the large

bandgap hBN semiconductor with metallic properties of graphene. This allows the construction of spintronic

devices based on graphene-hBN nanoribbons, with metallic electrodes and semiconducting active region,

suitable for field effect applications. Inserting Mn impurities the device structures prove to possess good spin

current filtering and spin current switching properties [4], as the magnetic impurities scatter differently the two

spin channels and a net spin current is obtained.

This study investigates comparatively the efficiency of doping the hBN with different transitional metal

impurities (e.g. Co, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni) with respect to spin filtering properties. The formation energies of the

considered point defects are calculated using ab-initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations [5,6]. The


43

polarization of the spin current is extracted, for several configurations of the

magnetic moments. For the structures with several magnetic impurities, the

exchange couplings are evaluated.

The analyzed structures show high spin current polarizations

indicating their suitability for spin filter devices. Moreover, by using the

differences in spin transport properties they may be used as detection

devices, since an external magnetic field can switch the spin configurations

of the TM impurities.

REFERENCES:

[1] D. Ma, Z. Lu, W. Ju, and Y. Tang, Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, vol. 24, no. 14, 145501 (2012)

[2] T. L. Mitran, A. Nicolaev, G. A. Nemnes, L. Ion, and S. Antohe, Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, vol.

24, no. 32, 326003 (2012)

[3] L. Ci, L. Song, C. Jin et al., Nature Materials, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 430–435 (2010)

[4] G.A. Nemnes, Journal of Nanomaterials 748639 (2012)

[5] C. Visan, T.L. Mitran, Adela Nicolaev, G.A. Nemnes, L. Ion, S. Antohe, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials

and Biostructures, vol. 6, No 3, p. 1173-1177 (2011)

[6] G.A. Nemnes, C. Visan, S. Antohe, Physica E 44, 1092 (2012)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

This work was supported by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research project PN

09370104/2013.

S1 O02

USING AFM TOPOGRAPHY MEASUREMENTS IN NANOPARTICLE SIZING

Dan CHICEA

Environmental Sciences Department, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Dr. Ion Ratiu Str. 7-9, Sibiu, 550012,

Romania, [email protected]

A simple recipe for preparing a small amount of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was used and is briefly presented

in the extended work. The Fe3O4 nanofluid was deposited on a mica substrate following a precise protocol that

attaches them strong wnough to withstand the scanning process. An AGILENT 5500 atomic force microscope

was used to investigate the samples in tapping mode. The surface topography was analyzed and the grain

statistics was used in assessing the nanoparticle size distribution. The already traditional DLS technique was

used as a reference procedure for nanoparticle sizing. The results of the DLS procedure are presented in detail as

well and discussed in connection with the AFM results. An AFM topography image of the nanoparticles

deposited on mica substrate are presented in the following figure.

References

1. NANOPARTICLES AND NANOPARTICLE AGGREGATES SIZING BY DLS AND AFM, D. Chicea,

Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials – Rapid Communications vol. 4, issue 9, 2010, p. 1310 – 1315.

2. THE APPLICATION OF AFM FOR BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES IMAGING, D. Chicea, B. Neamtu, R.

Chicea, L. M. Chicea, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures Vol. 5, No 4, 2010, p. 1015-1022

3. ASSESING FE3O4 NANOPARTICLE SIZE BY DLS, XRD AND AFM

D. CHICEA, E. INDREA, C. M. CRETU, JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED

MATERIALS Vol: 14, Issue: 5-6, 2012, pp: 460-466.


44

S1 O03

NEW IrQ(ppy)2 ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND FOR OLED APPLICATIONS: SYNTHESIS AND

OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION

I.C. CIOBOTARU1)

, S. POLOSAN1)

, C.C.CIOBOTARU2)

, H. IOVU2)

1)

National Institute for Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele 077125, Romania 2)

Advanced Polymer Materials Group, Politehnica University of Bucharest,Calea Victoriei 149, Bucharest,

010072, Romania

Iridium complex compounds have attracted much attention as emitters of highly efficient

electrophosphorescent devices. A special attention was devoted for the compounds with different types of

ligands. IrQ(ppy)2 combine two types of ligands, phenylpyridine for green phosphorescence and quinoline for

red phosphorescence.[1]

To synthesize IrQ(ppy)2 compound, a two step reaction procedure can be applied. In the first step, iridium

chloride is combined with phenylpiridine, forming a bridged dimer. In the second step, the reaction of these

dimers with 8-hydroxiquinoline lead to formation of the final complex, IrQ(ppy)2.[2]

Step1:

4

Step 2:

2

For the absorption measurements, the complex IrQ(ppy)2 was disolved in dichlormetane. The spectrum

exibits large peaks in the visible range, between 2.5 and 4 eV, assigned to the metal-ligand hibridization,

followed by the ππ* transition peaks comming from the both ligands.

The photoluminescence measurements shows a structured band centered at 2.47 eV assigned to the

metal-to-ligand charge transfer from Ir3+

to the phenylpiridine ligand and a broad band centered at 1.87 eV

assigned to the quinoline charge transfer.

References

[1] L. Vaska and J.W. DiLuzio (1961). "Carbonyl and Hydrido-Carbonyl Complexes of Iridium by

Reaction with Alcohols. Hydrido Complexes by Reaction with Acid". Journal of the American Chemical Society

83 (12): 2784–5.

[2] S. Polosan, I.C.Radu, T. Tsuboi, J. Lum, 132, 998 (2012).

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research,

CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0620.

The work has been funded by the Sectorial Operational Program Human Resources Development 2007–

2013 of the Romanian Ministry of Labor, Family and Social Protection through the Financial Agreement

POSDRU/107/1.5/S/76903.

+ 2 IrCl3

reflux, 24 h

150⁰C + 4 HCl

Reflux, 12h

N2 , 150⁰C

+ 2

Na2CO3


45

S1 O04

THE INFLUENCE OF CoFe2O4 LAYER ON Pb(Zr0.2 Ti0.8)O3 AND BaTiO3, EPITAXIAL THIN FILMS

DEPOSITED BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION

C.CHIRILA, G.BONI, L. HRIB, A. GALCA, R. NEGREA, I.PASUK, V. KUNCSER, C. GHICA, I. PINTILIE

AND L.PINTILIE

National Institute of Material Physic, Bucharest–Magurele, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Romania

We have investigated non-symmetric heterostructures of Pb(Zr0.2 Ti0.8)O3/CoFe2O4 –(PZT/CFO) and BaTiO3/

CoFe2O4 (BT/CFO) grown on SrTiO3 (100) substrates by using pulsed laser deposition. PZT /CFO and BT/CFO

layers were sequentially deposited on the STO substrate with a bottom electrode, SrRuO3 layer (20 nm) in order

to observe the influence of the ferrimagnetic layer onto epitaxial ferroelectric structures. X-ray diffraction and

transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements reveals crystalline structure and epitaxial relationship

between PZT or BT and CFO. The electric properties of non-symmetric heterostructures were characterized by

using P-V loop, C-f, and C-V measurements at room temperature. The remnant polarization and coercivity are

significantly affected after the top-layer CFO is deposited. The M-H loop measurements from 5K to 300 K,

reveal that the heterostructures possess a weak ferrimagnetic response even at room temperature.

Fig. 1. TEM image of the non-symmetric heterostructures; a) STO-SRO-PZT-CFO,

b) STO-SRO-BT-CFO

References:

[1] J. X. Zhang, J. Y. Dai, C. K. Chow, C. L. Sun, V. C. Lo, and H. L. W. Chan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 (2008)

022901

[2] K.S. Chang, M. A. Aronova, C.L. Lin, M. Murakami, M.H. Yu, J. H.Simpers,O. O. Famodu, S. Y. Lee, R.

Ramesh, M. Wuttig and I. Takeuchi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 (2004) 16

[3] J. X. Zhang, J. Y. Dai and H. L. W. Chan, J. Appl. Phys. 107 (2010) 104105

[4] R. Ramesh, Nicola A. Spaldin, Nature Materials 6 (2007) 21 - 29

[5] J. F. Scott Ferroelectric Memories, Advanced Microelectronics Series, edited by K. Itoh and T. Sakurai

/Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2000

S1 O05

FULLY TRANSPARENT TRANSISTORS BASED ON AlN-GATE DIELECTRIC

AND IGZO-CHANNEL SEMICONDUCTOR

C. BESLEAGA1,2

, S. ANTOHE1, G.E. STAN

2, A.C. GALCA

2 P. BARQUINHA

3, E. FORTUNATO

3

1 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 405 Atomistilor Street, PO Box MG-11, 077125, Magurele-Ilfov,

Romania

2 National Institute of Materials Physics, 105 bis Atomistilor, PO Box MG.7, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania

3 Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Materials Science, New University of Lisbon and

CEMOP-UNINOVA, Quinta da Torre, P 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal

Because of its poor thermal conductivity, the application of a SiO2 insulating layer in high-power, high-

temperature logic devices is limited by the self-heating effect. The overheating of such devices could cause the

degradation of the operations and the reduction of the device lifetime. Therefore, it is important to develop new

insulating materials with good thermal conductivity and high dielectric constants.


46

Aluminum nitride (AlN) exhibits a high thermal conductivity (of ~17 Wm−1

K−1

for 150 nm thin layer

[1], more than ten times higher than SiO2 (~1.3 Wm−1

K−1

), low thermal expansion coefficient (~4.5x10-6

K-1

),

high intrinsic resistance (>1013

Ωcm), a dielectric constant >10 for 200 nm thick films (as it will be shown

further), small dielectric loss tangent and good stability at high temperatures [2]. Therefore, the use of AlN layer

as gate dielectric should reduce the influence of the self-heating effect observed in traditional devices. Moreover,

AlN exhibits a wide energy band gap of approximately 6.2 eV being an alternative material for the use in

transparent electronics as gate dielectric.

Fully transparent transistors based on AlN gate dielectric and indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) as

channel semiconductor were obtained using magnetron sputtering in RF regime and photolithography patterning.

Field effect mobility values larger than 6 cm2/Vs and ION/ IOFF ratio of 10

7 were achieved on the staggered

bottom-gate transistor geometry having the channel width/ length ratio of 180µm/ 20µm.

[1] C. Duquenne, M-P. Besland, P. Y. Tessier, E. Gautron, Y. Scudeller, D. Averty, Journal of Physics D:

Applied Physics, vol. 45, 2012, p. 015301-015301

[2] R. D. Gould, S. A. Awan, Thin Solid Films, vol. 469-470, 2004, p. 184-189

S1 O06

FE LOCAL CONFIGURATION AND PHASE COMPOSITION IN FESE0.3TE0.7 SINGLE CRYSTALS

STUDIED BY TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY

S.G. SANDU1,3

, L. MIU1, P. BADICA

1, T. NOJI

2, Y. KOIKE

2, V. KUNCSER

1

1National Institute of Materials Physics, Magurele 077125, Romania

2Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba, Aramaki,

Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan 3Physics Department, University of Bucharest, P.O. Box MG-11, Magurele 077125, Romania

Fe local configurations and hyperfine parameters were studied in a FeSe0.3Te0.7 single crystal by means of

Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements performed in different geometries and at different temperatures

corresponding to the normal and superconducting states. The FeSe0.3Te0.7 was grown by the Bridgman method

[1]. An asymmetric paramagnetic pattern was obtained in perpendicular geometry, similar to the spectra

presented in previous studies [2,3]. However, in these reports the asymmetric doublet was related to two

different FeSe1-xTex phases or a FeSe1-xTex and an impurity phase. We show that the asymmetry is considerably

reduced by rotating the sample with respect to the wave vector of the gamma radiation, proving so that the

observed asymmetry in perpendicular geometry is mainly related to peculiar transition probabilities observed in

highly textured crystals. While the involved angles made by the radiation with the electric field gradient axes of

the unique phase were completely determined from measurements performed in different geometries at 5 K, the

temperature dependence of the hyperfine parameters specific to the normal and superconducting states was

discussed through temperature dependent Mössbauer spectroscopic results.

Acknowledgements: The financial support through the Core Program PN09-450103 of the Romanian Ministry

of Education, Youth and Sport is highly acknowledged.

References

[1] D Miu, T Noji, T Adachi, Y Koike, L Miu, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 25 (2012) 115009.

[2] R.W. Gómez, V. Marquina, J.L. Pérez-Mazariego, R. Escamilla, R. Escudero, M. Quintana, J.J. Hernández-

Gómez, R. Ridaura, M.L. Marquina, J Supercond Nov Magn 23 (2010) 551.

[3] J. Lindén, J.-P. Libäck, M. Karppinen, E.-L. Rautama, H. Yamauchi, Solid State Communications 151 (2011)

130.


47

POSTERS

S1 P01 BLUE UPCONVERSION LUMINESCENCE IN LANGANITE AND LANGATATE DOPED WITH Tm

AND Yb

Cristina MATEI1,2

, Serban GEORGESCU1, Ana-Maria VOICULESCU

1, Angela STEFAN

1,2

1 National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, Jud. Ilfov, 077125, Romania

2 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Magurele, Jud. Ilfov, 077125, Romania

In this paper we investigate, for the first time, the upconversion luminescence in La3Ga5.5Ta0.5O14

(langatate, LGT) and LaGa5.5Nb0.5O14 (langanite, LGN) ceramic samples doped with thulium and ytterbium:

LGT:Tm(1at.%):Yb(3at.%), LGT:Tm(0.5at.%):Yb(4at.%), LGN:Tm(1at.%):Yb(3at.%) and

LGN:Tm(0.5at.%):Yb(4at.%) .Langanite and langatate ceramics doped with Tm3+

and Yb3+

was synthesized, by

solid state reaction, from stoichiometric quantities of high purity oxides (La2O3, Ga2O3, Tm2O3, Yb2O3, Nb2O5,

Ta2O5). The purity of the langatate phase and langanite phase was checked by X ray diffraction.

Fig.1. Powder XRD patterns of 1% Tm and 3% Yb

doped LGT crystals.

Fig.2: Upconversion luminescence of LGT:Yb(4

at.%):Tm(0.5 at.%) crystals.

Besides the diffraction lines of LGT phase (Fig. 1) (the XRD pattern for LGN is similar), some other

lines, but with very low intensities, were observed. The “extralines” belong to perovskite LaGaO3 and β-Ga2O3

phases.

The samples was characterized by optical spectroscopy (luminescence, absorption, decay

measurements).

For upconversion measurements, the luminescence was excited at 973 nm (with the laser diode

DioMod980/30/400). UV (360 nm 1D2→

3H6), blue (465 nm

1G4→

3H6), red (650 nm

1G4→

3F4) and infrared (800

nm 3H4→

3H6, 1200 nm

3H5→

3H6 and 1700 nm

3F4→

3H6) luminescence was observed at room temperature. The

strong blue luminescence of LGN:Tm:Yb and LGT:Tm:Yb recommends this materials as upconversion blue

phosphors.

Luminescence intensity vs. IR pump intensity measurements have shown that 1G4 level was populated

by a three-photon process, 3H4 level by two-photon process and

3F4 by one-photon process.

For decay measurements, the luminescence was excited with the Quantel Rainbow OPO. Luminescence

lifetimes of 1G4 and

3H4 are: for LGN:Yb(3%):Tm(1%) 183 and 432 μs, for LGN:Yb(4%):Tm(0.5%) 204 and

433 μs, for LGT:Yb(3%):Tm(1%) 186 and 450 μs and for LGT:Yb(4%):Tm(0.5%) 210 and 445 μs.

This paper was supported by the Project ID82/06/10/2011

S1 P02 UPCONVERSION PROCESSES IN LANGASITE NANOPOWDERS DOPED WITH THULIUM AND

YTTERBIUM

Ana-Maria VOICULESCU1, Serban GEORGESCU

1, Cristina MATEI

1,2, Angela STEFAN

1,2,

Silviu NASTASE3

1National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, Magurele, Ilfov, 077125,

Romania, 2University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 405 Atomistilor Street, 077125, Magurele-Ilfov, Romania


48

3University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Bucharest,

Romania

[email protected]

In this work we present preliminary results concerning synthesis and characterization of langasite

(La3Ga5SiO14, LGS) nanopowders doped with Tm3+

(1% at.) and Yb3+

(3% at.). The upconversion luminescence

in LGS nanocrystals doped with Tm3+

and Yb3+

has not been reported yet. The doped nanopowders were

prepared by a Pechini sol-gel method. The nanopowders were annealed in air, at various temperatures (750ºC,

800ºC, 900

ºC and 1000

ºC) for 5 hours. The purity of the langasite phase was checked by X ray diffraction using

the Rigaku MiniFlexII (Cu, Kα) diffractometer.

The XRD patterns for LGS:Yb:Tm are shown in Fig. 1. Besides the diffraction lines of LGS phase (card

PDF-01-070-7027), some other lines (present in the XRD spectrum of the sample annealed at 1000ºC), are

observed. These “extralines”, denoted with *, belong to the perovskite LaGaO3 (card PDF-00-041-1103). The

nanocrystallite size (the coherence domain) is about 38 nm.

Fig. 1. XRD patterns of LGS:Yb:Tm nanopowders

annealed at various temperatures.

Fig. 2. Luminescence spectrum of LGS:Yb:Tm

nanopowder annealed at 1000oC pumped in IR.

The sample was characterized by optical spectroscopy (luminescence, absorption, decay

measurements). The luminescence of the LGS:Yb:Tm powders was excited in IR, at 973 nm, with a laser diode

and in blue, at 476.5 nm, with Argon laser. For decay measurements, the luminescence was excited with the

Quantel Rainbow OPO. All the measurements were performed at room temperature.

The luminescence spectrum of the LGS:Yb:Tm nanopowder annealed at 1000ºC for IR pumping at 973

nm is given in Fig. 2. The transition 1G4 →

3H6 is responsible for the blue luminescence while the transition

1G4

→ 3F4 is responsible for the red one.

Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Romanian National Research Council (CNCS) in the frame of the Project

PD 51/05.10.2011.

S1 P03 FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF Zn-Ni FERRITE FILMS DEPOSITED BY SPIN COATING

M. IRIMIA, P. A. RAMBU, V. NICA, F. IACOMI

Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Physics, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania

Ferrite thin films have been investigated by a large number of researchers due to the possibility of their use in

various applications such as electronics, sensors, microwave devices, memory devices, satellite communication,

video, audio and digital recording, permanent magnets etc. and, more recently, as transparent magnetic

semiconductors and spintronic applications [1-3].

Zinc doped nickel-ferrite (Ni1-xZnxFe2O4) nanocrystalline thin films, with different zinc contents (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0

at.%), were deposited by spin coating on glass and alumina substrates. The structural, optical, electrical and

magnetic properties of the obtained films are investigated in detail and correlated with chemical composition and

crystalline structure. The electrical conductivity of thin films has been investigated as a function of temperature

and the mechanism of electrical conduction is discussed. The magnetic measurements, made at room

temperature, evidenced a ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization dependent on Zn

concentration.

References

[1] S.M. Chavana, M.K. Babrekarc, S.S. Moreb, K.M. Jadhavc, J. Alloys Compd., 507 (2010) 21.


49

[2] M.U. Islama, T. Abbasa, S. B. Niazib, Z. Ahmada, S. Sabeena, M. A. Chaudhrya, Solid State Commun., 130

(2004) 353.

[3] Y. F. Chen, D. Spoddig, M. Ziese, Epitaxial thin film ZnFe2O4: a semi-transparent magnetic semiconductor

with high Curie Temperature, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41 (2008) 205004

Acknowledgements:

This work is part of the researches of the grant PN-II-CT-RO-FR-2012-1-0065 and under financial support of

this.

S1 P04 PREPARATION AND STUDY OF STRUCTURAL PROPERTIS, MORPHOLOGY AND

COMPOSITION OF PHISYCAL VAPOR DEPOSITTED Cu, Co AND Ni NANOSTRUCTURERED

MULTILAYERS

D. RĂSLEANU1, V. CIUPINĂ

1, G. PRODAN

1, C. P. LUNGU

2, I. JEPU

2, V. EUGENIU

3

1. Department of Physics, Ovidius University, Constanta, 900527, Romania

2. National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, 077125, Romania

3. Metav-CD S.A., Bucharest, 050025, Romania

In this paper we present an approach of the obtaining and study of structural properties, morphology

and composition of nanostructured materials. The Cu/Co/Cu/Ni multilayers thin films are grow by physical

vapor deposition technique. This material has special resistive magnetic properties.

The morphological and structural investigations were achieved by means of electron microscopy

technique: TEM (Philips, CM120ST and TECNAI F30) and SEM.

The compositional analysis of the films with the atomic percentage determination of the constituent

elements was performed by an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis.

S1 P05 EFFECT OF GALLIUM CONCENTRATION ON THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS

IGZO THIN FILMS

Aurelian C. GALCA1, Liliana M. TRINCA

1, Gabriel SOCOL

2, Valentin CRACIUN

2,3

1National Institute of Material Physics, Magurele, 077125, Romania

2National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, 077125, Romania

3University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA

[email protected] ; http://old.infim.ro/~ac_galca/index.htm

The paper investigates the dependence of the optical properties on cation concentration of amorphous-like

indium gallium zinc oxide thin films (Inx − w Gaw Zn1−xO1+0.5x−δ) with

various (In + Ga)/(In + Ga + Zn) and Ga/(In + Ga) ratios obtained by

pulsed laser deposition. X-ray reflectivity and spectroscopic

ellipsometry thickness results were in good agreement. The

proportionality between density and the refractive index in the

transparency range is evidenced. The extracted physical parameters

are clearly influenced by the variation of cation concentration.

Fig. 1. (a) Thin films thicknesses determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry

(filled symbols) and by X-ray reflectivity (open circles). In the inset is

represented a XRD pattern of In0.48Ga0.02Zn0.5O1.25−δ thin film deposited on

glass. (b) Thin films refractive index (filled symbols) at λ = 630 nm obtained

by ellipsometry and the mass density (open circles) derived from X-ray

reflectivity. The density values written in the inserted text are those of bulk

crystalline compounds.

References

[1]. A.C. Galca, G. Socol, L.M. Trinca, V. Craciun, Thin Solid

Films 2013, doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.01.176


50

S1 P06 STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, ELECTRICAL, AND OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION of

ZnTe THIN FILMS

O. TOMA, Raluca CONSTANTINEANU, C. VANCEA, I. STAN, A. RADU, L. ION, S. ANTOHE

University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 405 Atomistilor Street, PO Box MG-11, 077125, Magurele-Ilfov,

Romania e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

Zinc telluride (ZnTe) thin films were deposited on optical glass substrates using thermal vacuum evaporation

technique. The sublimation of zinc telluride powder was carried out from a single quartz crucible, covered with a

quartz wool, at temperature of 580 °C. The substrates temperatures were maintained constant at 190 °C. All the

samples were subjected to post - deposition thermal treatments in the same deposition chamber, at 200 °C for 30

minutes. Structural and morphological investigations were carried out by XRD, AFM and SEM measurements.

All these studies confirmed that post – deposition annealing improved the grains growth and their distribution

over the entire surface of the film. The electric characterization by resistivity measurements and Hall

measurements in a wide range of temperatures, was carried out and the influence of post – deposition treatments

over the electric properties for ZnTe thin films were investigated. Optical constants (refraction indices and

extinction coefficients) of ZnTe thin films were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the range of 190 nm

to 2200 nm. Optical measurements were completed with the spectral dependencies of transmission and

absorption using a double beam UV - VIS spectrophotometer.

Keywords: ZnTe, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry, Spectrophotometry, AFM, SEM.

S1 P07 METAL OXIDE ACTIVE NANOSTRUCTURED COATINGS ON FABRIC SUBSTRATES

N. VRINCEANU 1,3

, M. SUCHEA*1,2,4

, I.V. TUDOSE 1, F. IACOMI

1, E. KOUDOUMAS

2,4

1 “Al.I.Cuza” University of Iasi, 11 Bulevard Carol I, Iasi, 700506, Romania, Romania

2 Center of Materials Technology and Laser, School of Applied Technology, Technological Educational Institute

of Crete, Heraklion, Greece 3 ”Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, Departament of Textile Technologies, Sibiu, Romania

4. Electrical Engineering Department, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Greece

Correspondence: M. Suchea email: [email protected]

Nanostructured materials have received the last years a lot of attention due to their excellent performance in

various applications. In recent years, when the study of one-dimensional (1D) materials became the front edge of

nano-science and nanotechnology, since abilities to work at nanosize opened the possibility for exploring novel

electrical, mechanical, chemical and optical properties, metal oxides developed as key technological materials.

Since ZnO has almost the same band-gap energy (3.3 eV) as TiO2, their photocatalytic capabilities are

anticipated to be similar, ZnO being relatively cheaper. Moreover, ZnO is transparent in the visible, can be

highly conductive by doping and can be prepared in various morphologies, such as nanobelts, nanowires,

nanocages, nanocombs, nanosprings, nanorings and nanohelixes. Controlling the growth kinetics, makes possible

to control the morphology of ZnO nanostructures, while, low cost and low temperature growth of ZnO

nanostructures can be achieved using chemical growth techniques such as aqueous chemical growth, nonaqueous

solution growth, sol gel and spray deposition. ZnO nanowire-like structures are the ideal system for studying the

transport process in 1D confined objects and understanding the fundamental phenomena in low-dimensional

systems, as well as for developing new generation high performance nano-devices. The lack of a centre of

symmetry in wurtzite, combined with large electromechanical coupling, results in strong piezoelectric and

pyroelectric properties and the consequent use of ZnO in mechanical actuators and piezoelectric sensors.

Moreover, ZnO as wide band-gap compound semiconductor is suitable for short wavelength optoelectronic

applications. As an example, the high exciton binding energy (60 meV) in ZnO crystal can ensure efficient

excitonic emission and room temperature ultraviolet (UV) luminescence has been reported in ZnO disordered

nanoparticles and thin films. ZnO is also transparent in the visible and can become highly conductive by doping,

properties leading in applications as transparent electrodes. At present time, several reports in the literature are

presenting state of art approaches for using ZnO material deposited on textile substrates in applications such as

antibacterial, deodorizing and UV protection, but none regarding a systematic approach of its optimized direct

growth on textile supports. However, the successful employment of nanostructured ZnO in various technological

applications, like photocatalysis, requires the development of suitable techniques for controlling the


51

nanostructured material properties. The present contribution presents preliminary results on controlled

chemically grown nanostructured ZnO and TiO2 on textile substrates and analysis of their properties that makes

them suitable as active coatings in air purification applications.

Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS

– UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-TE-2012-3-0202

S1 P08 RADIATION PROCESSING FOR POLYELECTROLYTE SYNTHESIS


National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerators Laboratory, 077125

Magurele, Ilfov, Romania, e-mail: [email protected]

The effects of electron beam irradiation conditions for polyelectrolyte synthesis were investigated. A correlation

between monomers solution chemical composition, polyelectrolyte properties (conversion coefficient, residual

monomer concentration, intrinsic viscosity, linearity coefficient given by the Huggins constant) and synthesis

conditions (absorbed dose and dose rate levels) was made. The electron beam absorbed dose rate level is critical.

Polymerization process is strongly affected by dose and dose rate levels. At high dose rate levels, the

polymerization process is incomplete, monomer conversion decreases, polyelectrolyte properties become very

sensitive to the chemical composition and variations in absorbed dose level. The effect of high-absorbed dose

rate is reduced by the additional introduction of NaCl into acrylamide-acrylic acid aqueous solutions that under

irradiation markedly increases conversion coefficient to nearly 100% and decreases residual monomer

concentration under 0.01. Because the optimum absorbed dose for the acrylamide-acrylic acid aqueous solution

polymerization is rather small, about 1 kGy, the use of electron accelerators is economically attractive for

commercial production of the polyelectrolytes, if all auxiliary systems are made and suitably adapted. The

estimation of processing rate is up to 1800 kg · h-1

for an electron beam power of 1 kW and for an electron beam

power utilization factor of 0.5.

S1 P09 FLOCCULATION EFFICIENCY OF POLYELECTROLYTE OBTAINED BY RADIATION

PROCESSING


National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerators Laboratory, 077125

Magurele, Ilfov, Romania, e-mail: [email protected]

Correlations between polyelectrolyte physical and chemical properties (conversion coefficient, residual

monomer concentration, intrinsic viscosity, linearity coefficient given by the Huggins constant), its obtaining

conditions and flocculation efficiency (total suspended solids, extractable substances with petroleum ether,

chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand) were made. Flocculation studies were carried out using

a standard jar test. Treatment options based on polyacrylamide-acrylic acid for waste water taken from oil plants

are presented. Polyacrylamide-acrylic flocculants obtained by EB irradiation have the capability to provide

measurable improvements in waste water quality, especially leading to a significant reduction of the extractable

substances with petroleum ether quality indicator (the most difficult to be reduced in case of waste water from

oil plants), compared with the classical treatments. Are used in very small amounts and their application reduces

the amount of classical electrolytes necessary in combined treatments in the range of 20-40%. So, these products

exhibit good performance in waste water treatment and eliminate shortcomings such secondary pollution of

classical treatments.


52

S1 P10 INFLUENCE OF TRIMETHYLOPROPANE TRIMETHACRYLATE ON CROSS-LINK DENSITY OF

ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE RUBBER VULCANIZED BY IRRADIATION

Elena MANAILA1, Maria Daniela STELESCU

2, Gabriela CRACIUN

1, Daniel IGHIGEANU

1

1National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerators Laboratory, #409

Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania, e-mail: [email protected] 2National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather – Leather and Footwear Research

Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu St., Bucharest, Romania,

e-mail:[email protected]

Ethylene-propylene diene elastomers (EPDM) are one of the most versatile, fastest growing and

interesting synthetic rubber polymers. They are obtained by copolymerization of ethylene and propylene in the

presence of an unsaturated diene. The saturated polymer backbone results in excellent resistance to heat,

oxidation, ageing, ozone, polar solvents, or microbial attack [1-3]. A common physical-chemical treatment

performed on elastomers is the curing (cross-linking), imparting the rubber mechanical and thermal stability.

Elastomers show low thermal conductivity values, and therefore, require complex and high cost heating

methods; thus, the ionizing (gamma and accelerated electrons) method shows high interest for the grafting and

cross-linking processes [4] . At industrial level, electron beam (EB) processing brings especially unique advantages

such as energy saving and capabilities inducing cross-linking at room temperature, but the required radiation doses

are generally too high. Low irradiation doses are required for the process efficiency and a high dose rate must be

used to give large production capacities. Many investigations have been undertaken to find out the effect of

different polyfunctional monomers (coagents) on the physical properties of different rubber types cross-linked by

electron beams [5-9]. Appropriate polyfunctional monomers in polymer matrix can be used to obtain desired

cross-linking density at low irradiation doses. In this paper is presented the effect of polyfunctional monomer

(trimethylopropane trimethacrylate, TMPT) concentration on the cross-link density and gel fraction of ethylene-

propylene rubber (EPDM) cross-linked by electron beam processing. Dependence of gel fraction and crosslink

density on irradiation dose was determined from a dose range of 12.5 kGy to 50 kGy. From the obtained results

it was observed that the addition of TMPT (polyfunctional monomer) increase the cross-link density and gel

fraction comparing with control samples (without TMPT). In terms of radiation dose, the highest values were

obtained for blend irradiated with 50.0 kGy, for both EPDM and EPDM / TMPT samples, but the best are for

those containing TMPT. So, we can say that cross-link density for EPDM/TMPT is found to be not only a

function of polyfunctional monomer concentration, but also of irradiation dose.

KEYWORDS: ethylene-propylene, cross-linking, electron beam

REFERENCES

[1] Lu, J., Chen, S., Zhang, J., Xu, Z., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2010, 117, 1741;

[2] Ahmadi, S.J., Huang, Y., Li, W., Compos. Sci. Technol., 2005, 65, 1069;

[3] Homocianu, M., Airinei, A., Stelescu, M.D., Timpu, D., Ioanid, A., Polymer Composites, 2012, 33(3), p.379-

387

[4] Manaila, E., Stelescu, M.D., Ighigeanu, D., Craciun, G., Berechet, D., Leather and Footwear Journal, 2011,

11 (3), 201-210;

[5] Yunshu, X., Yoshii, F., Makuuchi, K., J. Macromol. Sci. (Pure Appl. Chem.), 1995, A32 (10), 1801-1808.

[6] Majumder, P. S., and Bhowmick, A. K., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2000, 77, 323-327;

[7] Jinhua, W., Yoshii, F., and Makuuchi, K., Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2001, 60(1-2), 139-142.

[8] Yasin, T., Ahmed, S., Yoshii, F., and Makuuchi, K., React. Funct. Polym., 2002, 53, 173-181.

[9] Han, H.D., Shin, S.H., and Petrov, S., Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2004, 69, 239-243

S1 P11 CROSS-LINK DENSITY AND SWELLING PROPERTIES OF WASTE FLAX/NATURAL RUBBER

COMPOSITES OBTAINED BY ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION

Elena MANAILA1, Maria Daniela STELESCU

2, Gabriela CRACIUN

1, Daniel IGHIGEANU

1

1National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerators Laboratory, #409

Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania, e-mail: [email protected] 2National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather – Leather and Footwear Research

Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu St., Bucharest, Romania,

e-mail:[email protected]


53

Natural fibre reinforced composites is an emerging area in polymer technology. Strong environmental

regulations and increased interest in the proper utilization of renewable natural resources have prompted the

composite industry to develop ecofriendly components [1].

Natural rubber (NR) is a high molecular weight polymer of isoprene in which essentially all the

isoprene's have the cis 1-4 configuration. Since it is of biological origin, it is renewable, inexpensive and creates

no health hazard problems. NR is an interesting material with commercial success due to its excellent physical

properties, especially high mechanical strength, low heat build-up, excellent flexibility, and resistance to impact

and tear, and above all its renewability [2]. The most important stage in the rubber processing technology is

vulcanization or cross-linking. This is normally done by sulphur or peroxides in the presence of many auxiliary

materials called additives. Additives used in rubber manufacture include vulcanizing agents, accelerators,

activators and/or retarders, fillers, anti-degradants, among others. These compounds (additives) and their

reaction products could be responsible for cytotoxicity [3] and allergy-causing compounds, such as nitrosamines

and nitrosatable materials. Fillers represent one of the most important additives used in rubber compounding.

Fillers are added to rubber formulation in order to optimize properties needed for service application [4]. Due to

strong environmental regulations worldwide and increased interest in the proper utilization of renewable natural

resources, efforts have been made to find alternative reinforcements that are environmentally friendly while

providing the same performance as their synthetic counterparts (fillers). With their low cost, easy availability,

ease of chemical and mechanical modification, and high specific mechanical properties, natural fibres represent a

good, renewable and biodegradable alternative to the most common synthetic reinforcement [5-7]. Besides the

conventional techniques, cross-linking of NR can also be achieved by means of high energy radiation.

This paper studies the influence of flax fibre amount and electron beam irradiation dose on cross-

linking density and swelling properties of polymeric composites based on natural rubber and flax wastes. The

cross-linking rates of samples, measured using the Flory-Rehner equation increase as the amount of flax waste in

blends increases and as the electron beam irradiation dose increases. The swelling parameters of samples

significantly depend on the amount of flax wastes in blends, because the latter have hydrophilic characteristics.

KEYWORDS: natural rubber, flax, cross-link density

REFERENCES

[1] Mathew L., Joseph K.U., Joseph R., Bull. Mater. Sci., 29(1), 2006, 91-99.

[2] Daniel D., Punyanich I., Quang N.T, Fredderic G., Charoen N., Eur. Polym. J., 45, 2009, 820-836.

[3] Ikarashi Y., Toyoda K., Ohasawa N., Uchima T., Tsuchiya T., Kaniwa M.A., Sato M., Takahashi M.,

Nakamura A., J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 26 (3), 1992, 339..

[4]. Setua D. K., De S. K., Rubber Chem. Tech., 56 ( 4), 1983, 808.

[5]. Chakraborty S. K., Setua D. K., De S. K., Rubber Chem Tech, 55 (5) , 1982, 1286.

[6] Egwaikhide P.A, Akporhonor E.E, Okieimen F.E, Int. J. of Phys. Sci., 2(2), 2007, 39.

[7] Lovely M, Joseph K.U, Joseph R., Bull. Mater. Sci., 29(1), 2006, 91.

.

S1 P12 OPTICAL, STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR DIFFERENT

METALLIC OXIDES

Sorina IFTIMIE1,2

, J. MERIGEON2, S. ANTOHE

1, M. KOMPITSAS

3,

Mihaela GIRTAN2

1MDEO Research Center, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Romania

2LPHIA Laboratory, LUNAM - Angers University, France

3National Hellenic Research Foundation, LATA Laboratory, Athens, Greece

In this study we proposed a very simple method for obtaining transparent and conductive oxides that

can be potential candidates for different electronic and optoelectronic applications, particularly for photovoltaic

cells. Different sputtered metallic thin films were thermally oxidized in such a way to obtain metallic oxides that

can be used in transparent electronics and optoelectronic devices. The optical properties of the new compounds

were investigated and compared in UV-VIS range using a Perkin Elmer 19 UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The

morphological features were analyzed in non-contact mode by atomic force microscopy (AFM) using a LP

Research Thermomicroscope Autoprobe and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a JEOL

microscope.The structure was determined by X-ray diffraction using a Bruker D8 diffractometer.

Keywords: metallic thin films, TCO, photovoltaic cells


54

Acknowledgments: S.I. is grateful to the Pays de la Loire and Angers University for the post-doc fellowship No

2012-12029 financial support and wants to thank Dr. Flavia Pop (Moltech Laboratory, Angers University) for

fruitful discussions.

S1 P13 EPR characterization of micro and nanostructured Zn1-xFexO powders

O.RAITA, A.POPA, D.TOLOMAN, M.STAN,and L.M.GIURGIU

National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath,

400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

ZnO is an attractive system for quite a wide variety practical applications, being a chemically stable

oxide semiconductor. It has been shown that Fe doping produces ferromagnetic semiconductor at room

temperature. This material, therefore, has the potential for use in spintronic devices such as spin transistors, spin

light emiting diodes, very high density nonvolatile semiconductor memory and optical emitters. It is believed

that oxygen vacancies and substitutional incorporation are important to produce ferromagnetism in

semiconductor oxide doped with transition metal ions.

The present paper reports detailed electron paramagnetic resonance investigations (EPR) of the samples

in order to investigate how Fe ions are incorporated into the ZnO lattice and their interaction with environment.

X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies of Fe3+

ions in Zn1-xFexO powders with X = 1%, 3%,

5% is reported. These samples are interesting to investigate as Fe doping produce ferromagnetism in ZnO,

making a promising ferromagnetic semiconductor at room temperature.

S1 P14 LIFE ESTIMATION OF CABLE INSULATIONS BY DSC AND FT-IR ANALYSIS

Marius Eduard LUNGULESCU1, Tanta SETNESCU

2,

Radu SETNESCU

1,2, Iulian BANCUTA

3, Anca

GHEBOIANU3, Roxana BANCUTA

4

1R&D Institute for Electrical Engineering, Department for Advanced Materials, 313 Splaiul Unirii, Bucharest

030138, Romania 2Valahia University of Targoviste, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, 18-22 Unirii Av., Targoviste 130082, Romania

3Valahia University of Targoviste, Multidisciplinary Research Institute for Science and Technologies, 18-22

Unirii Av., Targoviste 130082, Romania 4The Water Company from Targoviste, Dambovita County, 130055, Romania

The aim of this study was the diagnosis of the unexpected rapid deterioration (after 5 - 7 years of

exploitation) of some multi-conductor instrumentation cables, exposed indoor in different vented distribution

racks. Used cable samples from different production lots, not-used cables (in the as received state) as well as the

raw PE materials, were studied. Appropriate thermo-oxidative accelerated tests were carried out in laboratory.

DSC method in isothermal mode, typically at 205°C, was applied to obtain the oxidation induction time

(OIT) values of the studied materials. DSC in scanning temperature mode was used to obtain the oxidation onset

temperature (OOT). The ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was applied to characterize the chemical nature of the

oxidized groups in the aged cables. The room temperature volatility of the antioxidants became a factor to be

taken into account for a polymer insulator situated in open air atmosphere: due to their steadily depletion, the

long term antioxidative polymer protection is endangered.

S1 P15 STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Zn-DOPED LPFO THIN FILMS DEPOSITED

BY RF MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

C. DOROFTEI1,2

, F. IACOMI2, P.D. POPA

1

1 Institute of Technical Physics, Bd. D. Mangeron 47, 700050 Iasi, Romania.

2“Al. I. Cuza” University, Faculty of Physics, 11 Carol I Blvd, 7000506 Iasi, Romania.

e-mail: [email protected]


55

Lanthanum perovskite LaFeO3 (LFO) is a semi-conducting oxide and has been extensively studied with

reference to several potential applications, such as gas sensors, humidity sensors and catalysts. This oxide

crystallizes in an orthorhombic perovskite structure. We have studied in this work the structural and electric

properties of some thin films obtained through RF magnetron sputtering using as targets La0.8Pb0.2FeO3 (LPFO)

perovskites in which Fe-ions are partially substituted with Zn-ions. We have investigated the effects of the

substitutions, of the substrate (quartz and alumina) and its temperature during deposition, of plasma composition

(Ar/O2 ratio) and of subsequent thermal treatments.

Electrical behavior of the deposited layers is that of an n-type semiconductor. Thermal activation energy

(Ea) is around 0.5 eV and increases to 0.62 eV with the amount of zinc ions (x=0 to 0.2) in LPFO target.

The influence of the environmental humidity on the electric resistivity of the obtained films was

determined within the 0% ÷ 98% RH interval. With increasing amount of zinc ions which substitute the iron in

LPFO target, layers much more sensitive to humidity between 53% and 98% RH were obtained.

References:

[1] I. Hole, T. Tybell, J. K. Grepstad, I. Warnhus, T. Grande, K. Wiik, Sol. Stat. Electr. 47, 2279 (2003).

[2] J.K. Grepstad, Y. Takamura, A. Scholl, I. Hole, Y. Suzuki, T. Tybell, Thin Solid Films 486, 108 (2005).

S1 P16 MAGNETIC SPIN VALVES BASED ON GROUP-III NITRIDE NANOWIRES

1 George Alexandru NEMNES, 2 Camelia VISAN

1 Faculty of Physics, “Materials and Devices for Electronics and Optoelectronics”

Research Center, University of Bucharest, P.O. Box MG-11, Ilfov 077125 Magurele, Romania 2 ”Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH),

The Department of Computational Physics and Information Technologies,

077126 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania

Since the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance effect, a lot of effort has been devoted in developing

a wide range of magnetic sensing applications. The spin valve is nowadays the most commonly utilized device

in hard-disk industry and The current technology is almost exclusively based on conventional thin-film

geometry. However, new prototypical spin valve devices [1] have been proposed based on nanowires, which

have certain advantages over the conventional planar technology. These relate to the possibility to avoid the

inherent limitations associated with planar surfaces, better scaling and an increased overall sensitivity.

Ni-AlN-Ni nanowire spin valve

Group-III nitride nanowires already provide nowadays a vast number of applications, ranging from

chemical and temperature sensors, thermoelectrical [2] and field emitter devices and nanomechanical resonators.

Recently, spin transport in AlN atomic sized nanowires with transitional metal impurities has been investigated,

indicating the spin filtering properties [3].

Although AlN is a wide bandgap semiconductor, in thin nanowires this is reduced by the presence of the surface

states. Furthermore, a small tensile stress can switch between the bulk-like wurtzite (WZ) configuration of the

nanowires to a graphite-like (GL) structure, which has consequences in the magnetic behavior.

We investigate here a spin valve structure with fcc-Ni(111) electrodes, which ensure a natural coupling

to the WZ structure of the AlN semiconducting spacer, using spin constrained DFT calculations [4,5]. The

current is obtained for both parallel and anti-parallel configurations of the magnetic contacts. We also evaluate

the efficiency of the device, working as spin valve, in the context of introducing additional transitional metal

impurities. The switching between the WZ and GL configurations is also investigated.

REFERENCES:

[1] Keith T. Chan et al., IEEE TRANS. ON MAGNETICS 46, NO. 6, JUNE (2010)

[2] G.A. Nemnes, C. Visan, S. Antohe, Physica E 44, 1092 (2012)

[3] G.A. Nemnes, Journal of Nanomaterials 408475 (2013)

[4] G.A. Nemnes and S. Antohe, Materials Science and Engineering B, in print,

10.1016/j.mseb.2013.04.014 (2013)

[5] A. Reily Rocha and S. Sanvito, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 09B102 (2007)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:


56

This work was supported by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research project PN-II-RU-PD-

2011-3-0044 and in part by the European Commission under EU FP7

Project HP-SEE (under Contract no. 261499).

S1 P17 Cu(II), Co(II) AND Zn(II) COMPLEXES OF A NEW POLYAZOMETHINE CONTAINING SILANE

UNITS AND OXADIAZOLE RINGS WITHIN THE CHAIN

Mirela-Fernanda ZALTARIOV1, Maria CAZACU

1, Angelica VLAD

1, George STIUBIANU

1, Anton

AIRINEI1

1 ”Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda, 41A, Iaşi

700487, Romania

Polyazomethines have been extensively studied, being one of the most attractive candidates for

opto(electronic) applications. Attaching of metal ions to the polyazomethine backbone can induce major changes

in their physical and chemical activities. Their metal complexes are of high interest as catalyst, sensors and

antimicrobial agents.

A new silicon-containing dialdehyde, bis(formyl-p-phenoxymethyl)-dimethylsilane, was obtained and

used to prepare polyazomethine by condensation with 2,5-bis(p-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (Scheme 1).

Scheme 1. Chemical structure of the prepared polyazomethine

This polymer was used as a ligand to syntesize complexes of Cu(II), Co(II) and Zn(II). Both ligand and

derived metal complexes were characterized by spectral methods while their thermal, optical, electrochemical,

and dielectric properties were evaluated by appropriate techniques.

The presence of ether linkages and Si-C bonds confer flexibility to the polymer chain reflected in low

glass transition and good solubility, while the presence of oxadiazole rings confers fluorescence. By metal

coordination to the nitrogen atoms from oxadiazole ring, the thermostability reduces as compared with the

starting polyazomethine and the intensity of emission spectra decreases in the following order: PAZ-Zn > PAZ-

Co > PAZ-Cu > PAZ. The metal presence leads instead to the increasing in the dielectric constant and

conductivity values.

References:

1. Saegusa Y, Koshikawa T, Nakamura S., J Polym Sci Polym Chem 1992;30(7):1369-73.

2. Saegusa Y, Sekiba K, Nakamura S., J Polym Sci Polym Chem 1990;28(13):3647-59.

3. Hamciuc E, Hamciuc C, Cazacu M., Eur Polym J 2007;43(11):4739-49.

Acknowledgements: This research was financially supported by European Regional Development Fund,

Sectoral Operational Programme "Increase of Economic Competitiveness", Priority Axis 2 (SOP IEC-A2-

O2.1.2-2009-2, ID 570, COD SMIS-CSNR: 12473, Contract 129/2010-POLISILMET).

S1 P18 FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING OF SOME ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATIVES. SENSOR

APPLICATIONS

Ionut Radu TIGOIANU1, Anton AIRINEI

1, Mirela-Fernanda ZALTARIOV

1, Maria CAZACU

1, Volker

RIBITSCH2, Christian GRUBER

2

1”Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda, 41A, Iaşi-700487,

Romania 2University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28A, 8010, Graz, Austria


57

Anthraquinone derivatives are some of the most widely used polycyclic compounds in nature and

technology. Dyes based on anthraquinones have been among the major compounds used in dye technologies or

in dyeing of textiles. These compounds have proven to be useful as functional elements of organic photoelectric

structures, optical transducers and oscillators and thin-film structures. An important feature of anthraquinone

derivatives is their strong fluorescence which is very useful in order to construct highly sensitive fluorescent

chemical sensors for metal ion detection.

Fluorescence quenching of a siloxane anthraquinone derivative (A3_DHAQ) by metal ions (Ni2+

, Co2+

,

Zn2+

, Fe2+

, Ca2+

, Pb2+

, Cd2+

, As) was investigated in water solutions at room temperature. The Stern-Volmer

plots of A3_DHAQ are linear at low concentrations of quencher. A deviation from the linearity was observed for

higher concentrations of quencher. The Stern-Volmer constant for A3_DHAQ calculated from the initial part of

Stern-Volmer curve is 505.4 l/mol for Fe2+

. From the decay measurements a lifetime of 1.9 ns was obtained for

A3_DHAQ. A new sensor for detecting Fe2+

(< 18 mg/l) from water was developed.

S1 P19 DESIGN AND TESTING OF FLEXIBLE CARBON NAOCOMPOSITES FOR RESISTIVE FORCE

SENSING APPLICATIONS

Leila ZEVRI1, Iulian IORDACHE

2, Aristofan Al. TEIŞANU

2 and Gheorghe IONIŢĂ

1

1Valahia University from Târgovişte, Bd. Carol I, Nr. 2, 130024, Târgovişte, Dâmboviţa, Romania

2National Institute for Research in Electrical Engineering (INCDIE ICPE-CA), Splaiul Unirii, No. 313, Sector 3,

030138, Bucharest, Romania

Research developed and presented in this work led to the obtaining of electrically conducting nanocomposite

materials with properties which allow their use as resistive force sensors. The experimental method for obtaining

nanocomposite consisted of the addition of electrically conductive particles of nanometric dimensions in a

polymer matrix-silicone elastomer. Research developed shows that this type of nanocomposites can generate

flexible materials with large surface for mechanical detection applications. Functional testing of nanocomposite

materials in static conditions it was made. Percolation graphs (conductive-nonconductive transitions) were drawn

by evaluating the electrical resistivity of nanocomposite materials type SE-KTJ and SE-CHB obtained by adding

nanocarbon filler for five different mass concentrations. The samples SE-KTJ-5, SE-KTJ-6, SE-CHB-6 and SE-

CHB-7, were tested extensively showing a volume electrical resistivity for SE-KTJ-5 and SE-KTJ-6 o v~105

v~104

cm compared with SE-CHB-6 and SE-CHB- v~106 cm respectively

v~104 cm. These differences in resitivities acount for the tensile sensitivity of the nanocomposite materials

and are explained by close examination of the structure by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray

difractometry. Functional testing of nanocomposite samples SE-KTJ-5, SE-KTJ-6, SE-CHB-6 and SE-CHB-7, in

dynamic conditions, was performed using a mechanical testing machine Zwik Roell (50kN) with adapted grips

for testing of the compression and elongation properties under an electrical field appiled to samples. For all

samples tested in the dynamical conditions were recorded the variations of electrical resistance according to the

applied force and was demonstrated the ability of the nanocomposite materials to respond to instantaneous

application of a constant force in the range of (0.5–50) N. Nanocomposite materials, wich were extensively

studied, shows a modulus of 0.3 MPa and an elongation at break of 400%, keeping the elastic characteristics of

the pure polymer. At a strain of 100% the electrical resistivity is doubled. For instance, it was demonstrated a

sensitivity of nanocomposite materials SE-KTJ-6 of Ω in the range of the compressive

strength (0.025 – 1) N.

S1 P20 FERROMAGNETIC – FERROELECTRIC INTERFACES STUDIED BY MÖSSBAUER

SPECTROSCOPY

S.G. SANDU1,4

, M. VOPSON2,3

, I. GHITA1,4

, A. IUGA1, V. KUNCSER

1

1National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 105b, Magurele 077125, Romania

2The University of Portsmouth, School of Applied Physics, Burnaby Building, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, UK

3 National Physical Laboratory, Office F9/A8, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK

4Physics Department, University of Bucharest, P.O. Box MG-11, Magurele 077125, Romania


58

Keywords: ferromagnetic-ferroelectric interfaces, texture, RF sputtering, CEMS

Magneto-electric coupling in heterostructured artificial multiferroics is of high interest in spintronics, data

storage, MRAM etc. The interface of Fe containing ferromagnetic layers coupled to ferroelectric substrates is

investigated by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy and the effect of an applied voltage on the ferroelectric

electrodes to their magnetic properties is considered. Iron thin films have been deposited on PZT substrates by

means of Radio-frequency sputtering. A voltage was applied to the heterostructure’ electrodes during the

collection of the conversion electrons following the Mössbauer events. The Mössbauer spectroscopy

measurements were performed in perpendicular and in 45° geometry (the angle indicating the orientation of the

gamma rays relative to the sample plane). Textured Fe phases were evidenced at the Fe/PZT interface and the

variation of the hyperfine parameters as a function of the applied voltage was investigated.

Acknowledgements: The financial support through the Project PCCE-C2-006/2012 of the Romanian Ministry

of Education, Youth and Sport is highly acknowledged.

S1 P21 STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF C-AXIS ORIENTED ALUMINUM NITRIDE THIN

FILMS PREPARED AT LOW TEMPERATURE BY REACTIVE RF-MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

George E. STAN, Aurelian C. GALCA, Liliana M. TRINCA, C. Catalin NEGRILA, Leona C. NISTOR

National Institute of Material Physics, Magurele, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Romania

[email protected]

Spectroscopic ellipsometry, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy experiments are

employed to characterize aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films obtained by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering at

low temperature (≈50 °C).

To understand the growth mechanism and to get in depth information of such films by using ex situ

characterization techniques, the AlN thin film sample series were prepared for different sputtering times, while

keeping constant all the other deposition conditions. The diffraction studies reveal a [002] oriented growth of the

AlN thin films. The misorientation of this crystallographic axis to the normal to the surface reduces

progressively with film growth.

A nonmonotonic behavior of the AlN pseudo-refractive index versus deposition time indicates a

complex depth profile of the AlN thin films optical properties. The difference in orientation dispersion of the

[002] crystallite axis, the variation of defects concentration and each constituent atom density influence the

refractive index evolution. Our interpretation validity was verified by producing and characterizing samples

obtained at intermediate deposition time.

The AlN thin films show also very good pull-out adherence values.

Fig. 1. SAED patterns of a sample: (a) on the Si substrate, (b) at the Si/AlN film interface, (c) on the AlN film

close to the Si support and (d) on the AlN film, close to the film surface.


59

References

[1] A.C. Galca, G.E. Stan, L.M. Trinca, C.C. Negrila, L.C. Nistor, Thin Solid Films 524 2012, 328-

333 doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2012.10.015

[2] G.E. Stan, I. Pasuk, L.M. Trinca, A.C. Galca, M. Enculescu, F. Miculescu, Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 7

(1) 2012, 41-50 http://www.chalcogen.infim.ro/41_Stan.pdf

S1 P22 SIZE EFFECTS IN THERMAL HYSTERESIS OF SPIN CROSSOVER NANOPARTICLES STUDIED

BY FORC DIAGRAMS WITHIN A MONTE CARLO BASED ISING-LIKE MODEL

Alexandru ATITOAIE, Radu TANASA, Alexandru STANCU, Cristian ENACHESCU

Faculty of Physics and CARPATH Center, “A. I. Cuza”University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania

Spin crossover compounds are a class of molecular magnets with two states in thermodynamic

competition, a diamagnetic low spin state (LS) with minimum total spin and a paramagnetic high spin state (HS)

with maximum total spin. These two states are inter-switchable by temperature and pressure variation, by light

irradiation or magnetic field, the the first order transition being followed by changes in magnetic, optical or

volume properties. These bistable materials raised a significant research interest in the development of solid state

temperature or pressure sensors and also for being possible candidates for replacing the materials currently used

in recording media industry. Recent experimental studies of spin crossover nanoparticles [1] showed particular

transition properties, the reduction in size of the nanoparticles was leading to a decrease of the thermal hysteresis

width, along with a shift of the transition temperature towards lower values and a smoother and narrower

hysteresis loop.

The model proposed in this work is based on the procedures experimentally used for producing the spin

crossover nanoparticles, which are synthesized in a polymer matrix for confining their dimension, introducing a

new interaction between the surface molecules and embedding ones [2]. The simulations are using a Monte

Carlo method based on Arrhenius dynamics applied for an Ising-like Hamiltonian, taking into account both

short- and long- range interactions. We reproduced all the main properties of thermal transitions of spin

crossover nanoparticles using appropriate boundary conditions. We propose a theoretical analysis for systems of

nanoparticles characterized by a size distribution based on first order reversal curves (FORC) diagram method

(Fig. 1).

Figure 1. FORCs and FORC diagram for a system of spin crossover nanoparticles

References

1. Volatron, F., et al., Inorg. Chem., 2008. 47: p. 6584.

2. Atitoaie, A., C. Enachescu, and R. Tanasa, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2012. 324(8): p. 1596-1600.

S1 P23 TAILORING THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SILICONES BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION

Carmen RACLES1, Mihaela ALEXANDRU

1, Valentina MUSTEATA

1, Adrian BELE

1, Maria CAZACU

1

1“Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi 700487, Romania


60

Silicones are very interesting materials for dielectric elastomers because they are resistant to oxygen,

ozone, and sun-light irradiation and therefore resistant to weathering and ageing [1]. Additionally, they have high

shear stability, good dielectric strength, and low toxicity. However, their low permittivity and low fracture

resistance make the handling of thin films difficult and reduce their electromechanical performance [2]. One way

to increase the dielectric permittivity of silicones is to chemically bond polar groups.

We undertook a systematic investigation on the influence of composition and molecular weight of

polysiloxanes on dielectric properties. For this purpose, copolymers with different content of cyanopropyl

groups, along with different non-polar groups (methyl, hexyl) were synthesized in identical conditions (in a

multireactor) and characterized. Different synthetic methods were used for tailoring the molecular weight of the

starting copolymers [3]. Especially the dielectric properties of the cyano-propyl modified copolymers, as well as

the corresponding cross-linked materials were of interest, with the final goal to optimize the actuation

performances of such materials.

[1] Jershow P 2002 Silicone Elastomers, Wacker-Chemie GmbH, RAPRA.

[2] Zhang X, Löwe C, Wissler M, Jähne B and Kovacs G 2005 Adv. Eng. Mater. 7 361; Michel S, Zhang X Q,

Wissler M, Löwe C and Kovacs G 2010 Polym. Int. 59 391.

[3] Racles C, Cazacu M, Fischer B and Opris D M, 2013 Smart Mater. Struct. 22 (in press).

Acknowledgements: This work was financially supported by the Swiss Enlargement Contribution in the

framework of the Romanian-Swiss Research Programme, under Project number IZERZO_142215 / 1, RSRP

NR: 10 / RO-CH/RSRP/01.01.2013. The contribution of European Scientific Network for Artificial Muscles,

ESNAM (COST Action MP1003) is also acknowledged.

S1 P24 THE INFLUENCE OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF BARIUM TITANATE NANOPARTICLES ON

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SILICONES

Adrian BELE1, George STIUBIANU

1, Maria CAZACU

1, Carmen RACLES

1


Silicones are well-known dielectric elastomers used in actuators, since this class of polymers possesses

highly desired elastic behaviour for flexible devices. The most studied amongst them, polydimethylsiloxane, is

known for its unusual rheological/flow properties [1]. In order to improve the dielectric constant of the silicones

based composites, high permittivity inorganic fillers are often used.

BaTiO3, a ferroelectric crystal which presents spontaneous polarization and high electrical breakdown

strength is one of the fillers used in this aim [2]. Thus, it has been incorporated in different polymeric matrices

[3]. In this study, BaTiO3 nanoparticles with various morphologies (spheres, tubes, prisms) and size ranges were

synthesized using different chemical routes. Polysiloxane rubber crosslinked with a trifunctional silane at room

temperature was used as matrix for the composites. The effect of the morphology and size of barium titanate

nanoparticles on the properties of the composites was studied. Thus each type of nanoparticles leads to

composite materials with different mechanical and dielectric properties and this represents a way for further

optimization of the properties of silicone-based dielectric actuators.

1. Koulouridis, S.; Kiziltas, G.; Zhou, Y.; Hansford, D. J.; Volakis, J. L. IEEE T. MICROW. THEORY, 54(12),

2006, 4202–4208

2. Chon, J.; Ye, S.; Cha, K. J.; Lee, S. C.; Koo, Y. S.; Jung, J. H.; Kwon, Y. K., Chem. Mater., 22, 2010, 5445–

5452

3. Sebastian, M. T.; Jantunen, H. Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol., 7(4), 2010, 415–434.

Acknowledgements: This research was financially supported by the 7th Framework Program through Grant

number 309139 (PolyWEC).

S1 P25 IMPROVING THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SILICONES BY INCORPORATION OF LEAD

ZIRCONATE NANOPARTICLES

George STIUBIANU1, Adrian BELE

1, Maria CAZACU

1, Carmen RACLES

1



61

Silicone rubber is a well-known dielectric elastomer which is used in actuators [1] due to its outstanding

properties consisting in stability over a wide range of temperature, and frequency [2], low surface energy, water

repellence, resistance to oxygen, ozone and sunlight irradiation and, as a result resistance to weathering and

ageing. The polarizability of the Si-O bond that constitutes a premise for a high dielectric constant is higher as

compared to organic nonpolar polymers such as polyethylene, but not so much, due to the side methyl groups (in

the case of polydimethylsiloxane), which prevent Si-O dipoles from approaching each other too closely [2].

Fillers are often used to enhance the dielectrical as well as the mechanical properties of the silicones [3]. These

may be ceramic particles with a high dielectric constant, such as BaTiO3 or TiO2, or other conductive particles,

such as carbon nanotubes, carbon black, copper–phthalocyanine/polyaniline, polyaniline, polythiophene, etc. In

this work we prepared nanoparticles of lead zirconate, known as a ferroelectric with high electrical breakdown

strength [4,5], and used them as fillers for polysiloxanes. PbZrO3 nanoparticles were previously surface treated to

improve the compatibility and dispersability within the matrix. A polysiloxane rubber custom- synthesized by

room temperature crosslinking was used as matrix and a trifunctional silane was used as a crosslinker. The effect

of filler content on electrical and mechanical properties was studied and it was found that the dielectric constant

of nanocomposites increases significantly with the increase in PbZrO3 concentration where as the volume

resistivity decreases continuously. Strain-stress tests also revealed a high influence of the filler on the

mechanical behaviour of the films.

1. Gharavi, N.; Razzaghi-Kashani, M.; Golshan-Ebrahimi, N. Smart Mater. Struct., 19(2), 2010, 025002

2. Gubbels, F.; De Jaeger, R.; Gleria, M. Chapter 2. Silicones in Industrial Applications Inorganic Polymers p.

61-162, Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

3. Carpi, F.; Gallone, G.; Galantini, F.; De Rossi, D. Chapter 6. Enhancing the dielectric permittivity of

elastomers, p. 60, Carpi, F.; De Rossi, D.; Kornbluh, R.; Pelrine, R.; Sommer-Larsen, P. (Eds.), Elsevier Ltd.,

2008.

4. Pansa-Ard, C.; Y. Pornchaisiriarun, N. Tangboriboon, Energy Res. J. 2, 2011, 34-37

5. Ersin Emre Oren, Ercan Taspinar, A. Cuneyt Tas, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 80(10), 1997, 2714–16

Acknowledgements: This research occurred in the frameworks of European Scientific Network for

Artificial Muscles, ESNAM (COST Action MP1003) and 7th

Framework Programme that provided financially

support through Grant number 309139 (PolyWEC).

S1 P26 BINDING AND ELECTRON TRANSFER FROM A METAL-FREE DYE WITH CARBOXYL,

HYDROXYL AND SULFONIC ANCHORS TO A TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOCLUSTER

Jeanina LUNGU,1 Corneliu I. OPREA,

1 Petre PANAIT,

1 Daniela STAMATE,

1

Anca DUMBRAVĂ,1 Fanica CIMPOESU,

2 and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

1,*,**

1Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa, Romania 2 Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest, Romania

We report results of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations of a metal-free dye, 5-(4-

sulfophenylazo)salicylic acid disodium salt, known as Mordant Yellow 10 (MY-10), used as sensitizer for TiO2

dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Given the need to better understand

the behavior of the dyes adsorbed on the TiO2 nanoparticle we studied

various single and double deprotonated forms of the dye bound to a TiO2

cluster, taking advantage of the presence of the carboxyl, hydroxyl and

sulfonic groups as possible anchors. We discuss various binding

configurations to the TiO2 substrate and the charge transfer from the pigment

to the oxide by means of DFT calculations. In agreement with other

reports, we find that the carboxyl group tends to bind in bidentate bridging

configurations. The salycilate uses both the carboxyl and hydroxyl

substituent groups for either a tridentate binding to adjacent Ti(IV) ions, or

a bidentate Ti-O binding together with an O-H-O binding, due to the

rotation of the carboxyl group out of the plane of the dye. The sulfonic

group prefers a tridentate binding. We analyze the propensity for electron

transfer of the various dyes and find that for MY-10, as a function of the

anchor group, the DSSC performance decreases in the order hydroxyl +

carboxyl > carboxyl > sulfonate.

*Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the financial support


62

received from SNSF and UEFISCDI under the Romanian-Swiss Research Programme, through the grant RSRP

#IZERO-142144/1 — PN-II-ID-RSRP-1/2012.

**E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

S1 P27 CURRENT TRENDS IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TENSORESISTIVE SENSORS

Leila ZEVRI1, Iulian IORDACHE

2

1Valahia University from Târgovişte, Bd. Carol I, Nr. 2, 130024, Târgovişte, Dâmboviţa, Romania

2National Institute for Research in Electrical Engineering (INCDIE ICPE-CA), Splaiul Unirii, No. 313, Sector 3,


Abstract. Research presented in this work led to present current trends in research and development of tense-

resistive sensors. Robotics today is constantly expanding from a fixed medium, of a production line, for more

complex environments such as homes, offices and hospitals. The new application domains require versatile,

autonomous, intelligent robots, which can interact with humans and their broad range of instruments, tools in

real-world environments. Touch detection in robotics is defined as continuous detection of contact forces. This

information can be used to determine if the robot is in contact with an object, which is the contact configuration,

grasping, as well as stability and feedback to control the robot force. MEMS tactile sensors are generally

classified based detection mechanisms. These include type tactile sensors pieo-resistive, capacitive, piezoelectric

and optical. polimerOf these, the piezo-resistive type are widely used because they are easy to manufacture and

have a low cost price. Due to difficulties of applications of tactile sensors on a rigid body, recent reports have

focused on MEMS tactile sensors based on polymers. Conducting polymers (CP-Conducting Polymer) has

excellent electrical properties, chemical and mechanical biosensors useful for designing efficient, versatile and

real-time response. It is shown that a frequent choice of pressure sensitive materials are elastomers that are

enriched with conductive filler particles.

S1 P28 DFT STUDY OF EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS IN MOLECULAR MAGNETS BASED ON

MANGANESE-PORPHYRINS

Petre PANAIT,1 Corneliu I. OPREA,

1 Bogdan FRECUŞ,

1 Fanica CIMPOESU,

2

Marilena FERBINTEANU,3 and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

1*

,**

1Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527

2Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest 060021, Romania


We report results of Broken Symmetry Density Functional Theory (BS-DFT) calculations providing the

optimized geometries and the exchange coupling constants for three members of the quasi-one-dimensional

manganese-porphyrin family of molecular magnets, [MnTPP][TCNE], [MnOEP][HCBD] and

[MnTtBuPP][HCBD] (TPP = meso-tetraphenylporphyrinato, OEP = octaethylporphyrinato, TtBuPP =meso-

tetrakis-(4'-tert-butylphenyl)porphinato, TCNE = tetracyanoethylene, and HCBD = hexa-cyanobutadiene) [1,2].

We compare the results of Broken Symmetry DFT calculations for extended systems, with periodic boundary

conditions, and for finite systems, magnetic dimers modeling the actual molecular magnets. By varying

systematically the main angles, we are able to

determine the geometry dependence of the

exchange interaction. Structure-properties

correlations in these charge transfer salts

reveal the determinant role of the Mn-

(N≡C)TCNE bond angle on the strength of the

ferrimagnetic coupling between the S1 = 2

spin located on the MnIII

-porphyrin donor and

the S2 = 1/2 spin positioned on the

cyanocarbon acceptor. Based on a

phenomenological model providing the geometry dependence of the exchange coupling constants, we fitted the

results of the DFT calculations and obtained parameters describing the ferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic


63

parts of the superexchange interaction. The large differences between the magnetic properties of these systems

are explained based on the correlation between the exchange coupling constant and the overlap between the

Mn(III) d and the HCBD π* orbitals and on the torsion angle of the cyanocarbon backbone.

[1] C.I. Oprea, F. Cimpoesu, P. Panait, B. Frecuş, M. Ferbinteanu, M.A. Gîrţu, Theor. Chem. Acc. 129, 847

(2011).

[2] C.I. Oprea, P. Panait, F. Cimpoesu, I. Humelnicu, M. Ferbinteanu, M.A. Gîrţu, Theor. Chem. Acc. 131, 1249

(2012).

*Acknowledgements: The financial support from the CNCS/UEFISCDI research grant PN2-ID-PCCE-

239/2010 is gratefully acknowledged.

**E-mail: [email protected], mihai. [email protected]

S1 P29 BROKEN SYMMETRY DFT CALCULATIONS OF EXCHANGE CONSTANTS OF M(TCNE)x HIGH-

TEMPERATURE MOLECULAR MAGNETS,

(M = V, Mn, AND Fe)

Florin MOSCALU,1 Corneliu I. OPREA,

1 Petre PANAIT,

1 Fanica CIMPOESU,

2 Mihai A. GÎRŢU

1,*

,**

1Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527

2Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest 060021, Romania

We present a comparative Density Functional Theory (DFT) study of M(TCNE)2 molecular magnets (with

M = V, Mn, and Fe, TCNE = tetracyanoethylene) discussing the structure and the magnetic properties of these

high Tc systems. The structure of these amorphous systems has not been resolved experimentally but for

V(TCNE)x (x ~ 2) it was previously shown that the vanadium ion is in the +2 oxidation state, being surrounded

by six nitrogen atoms, at distances of about 2 Å. For the Fe-based materials Mössbauer spectroscopy suggested

the same +2 oxidation state, and the IR spectra suggest similar binding to the TCNE radical anion. Experimental

magnetism studies revealed Tcs of about 370 K, 75 K and 95 K for M = V, Mn, and Fe, respectively. We

propose model structures for the M(TCNE)x systems starting from the requirements of stoichiometry, with trans

V-TCNE-V bridging along both a and b axes. The stacking along the c axis is realized with tetra-coordinated

TCNEs in the ac plane and bis-connected TCNEs in the bc planes. We compare and contrast the lattice

parameters obtained by DFT optimization with periodic boundary conditions (PBC) of the three systems,

emphasizing the role of the transition metal ion. We also used the Broken Symmetry DFT approach to calculate,

based on the simple Ising approximation, the exchange coupling constants. Although DFT overestimates the

exchange interaction, it provides a first estimation that can be compared to the experimental results, based on the

mean-field expression of the critical temperature.

*The financial support from the CNCS research grant PN2-ID-PCCE-239/2010, contract no. 9/2010, is

gratefully acknowledged. **E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

S1 P30 COMPARATIVE COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF RU- AND RH-BASED COMPLEXES FOR DYE-

SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

Petre PANAIT,1 Corneliu I. OPREA,

1 Boris F. MINAEV,

2,3 and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

1,*

,**

1Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527, Romania

2Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10691 Sweden

3B. Khmelnitsky National University, Cherkassy 18031 Ukraine

We report Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations providing the infrared and Raman spectra of

[Ru(II)(bpy)3-n(dcbpy)n]2+

and [Rh(III)(bpy)3-n(dcbpy)n]3+

complexes, where bpy = 2,2’-bipyridyl, dcbpy = 4,4’-

dicarboxy-2,2’-bipyridyl, and n = 0, 1, 2, 3, studied in the context of dye-sensitized solar cells. We compare and

contrast the role of the metallic ion and of the COOH groups on the vibration and phosphorescence properties of

these complexes. DFT calculations providing the structure, electronic properties and UV-Vis absorption spectra

revealed the better matching with the solar spectrum of the absorption properties of the Ru(II) complexes [1]. Of

the complexes studied, the most suited as pigments for dye-sensitized solar cells are the [Ru(II)(bpy)3-


64

n(dcbpy)n]2+

complex with n = 1 and 2, based on their intense absorption band in the visible region, the presence

of the anchoring groups allowing the bonding to the TiO2 substrate as well as the charge transfer, and the good

energy level alignment with the conduction band edge of the semiconducting substrate and the redox level of the

electrolyte. The vibrational spectra are not very sensitive to the replacement of the metal ion, but the presence of

carboxyl groups leads to a richer spectrum due to the additional bands caused by the COOH groups.

Comparison with the limited experimental data available allowed the assignment of the Raman bands. The

calculated phosphorescence lifetimes suffer only modest changes when the COOH groups are introduced but

vary significantly when changing the metal ion, being two orders of magnitude larger for Rh(III) than for the

Ru(II) complexes [2].

[1] C.I. Oprea, B. Frecus, B.F. Minaev, M.A. Gîrţu, Molec. Phys. 109, 2511 (2011).

[2] C.I. Oprea, P. Panait, B.F. Minaev, H. Ågren, F. Cimpoesu, M. Ferbinteanu, M.A. Gîrţu, Molec. Phys. in

press (DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.777811).

*Acknowledgements: C. I. Oprea acknowledges the financial support from CNCS/UEFISCDI grant code PN2-

RU-PD-603/2010, contract no. 172/2010.

**E-mail: [email protected], mihai. [email protected]

S1 P31 PHOTOCHEMICAL FORMATION OF METAL NANOPARTICLES WITH SILICA

Eleonora BURNETE1, Sorina IFTIMIE

2, S. ANTOHE

2, V. CIUPINA

1

1Ovidius University, Mamaia 124,Constanţa, 900527, Romania.

2University of Bucharest, PO Box MG-38, Bucharest - Măgurele, Romania

For application of nanoparticles in heterogeneous catalysis, gold and silver nanoparticles have been formed on

and in silica surfaces. The paper presents the photochemical reduction of Au3+ and Ag1+ using benzophenone.

The current study investigates the effect of adsorbing the benzophenone or metal salt on the silica before

irradiation to develop methods where the starting material can be separated from the reducing material to

enhance stability after irradiation. The use of silica films with adsorbed benzophenone allows the generation of

stable gold and silver nanoparticles in solution. Silica films with gold and silver ions impregnated generate metal

nanoparticles after irradiation in aqueous solution with benzophenone. Thus metal nanoparticles are generated

that can be used as stable catalytic particles or as a method of removal of metal ions from solution. This

technique has the additional advantage of separating the nanoparticles formed from the chemicals used in the

solution.

S1 P32 PECULIAR DIELECTRIC CHARACTERISTIC of Ba1-X SrXTiO3 CERAMICS

of TECHNOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE

Raluca BACSEI 1, Liviu NEDELCU

2 and Horia ALEXANDRU

1*

1 Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Romania

2 National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

* Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]


65

The ceramic solid solution family of alloys Ba1-XSrXTiO3, 0 ≤ X ≤ 1, presents a major interest in microwave

applications for electrically controlled devices such as tunable filters, steerable antennas, faze shifters, varactors,

etc. A small decrease in the unit cell volume was detected with the Sr increase concentration. Besides SrTiO3 is

non-ferroelectric vs. BaTiO3. Experimental data has shown a linear decrease of the Curie point TC (◦C) ≈ 120–

360x, versus x strontium mol fractions (H.V.Alexandru et al, Mater. Sci. Eng. B109 (2004)152).

BaTiO3 has 3 transitions, between four stable ferroelectric phases: (C) cubic, (T) tetragonal, (O) orthorhombic,

(R) rhombohedral. Approximate phase diagrams of these Sr alloys were presented (H.V.Alexandru et all Appl.

Surf. Sci. 253 (2006) 354).

In this contribution we present new data analyzing also some literature data (Jae-Ho Jeon, J. Europ. Ceramic

Soc. 24 (2004) 1045). Curie temperatures and peak values of permittivity for three annealing temperatures

(1350, 1400, 1450 oC) and six compositions shall be analyzed (Jeon 2004). Curie temperature evolution of para,

ferro phases and the standard ratio Cpara/Cferro shall be carefully analyzed.

Dramatic slope changes of peak values, around 0.3-0.4 mol% Sr content, suggest an increasing Sr position order

in the lattice with the annealing temperature increase. Curie temperature break of the paraelectric phase at 1350 oC support this idea. Unexpectedly, we have found an exponential dependence of the Curie constant of the ferro

phase, versus Sr content. The ratio Cpara/Cferro which theoretically would have to be two, oscillate one order of

magnitude up and down this figure. All this data do not support the idea of the ferroelectric transition change

from first to the send order with the Sr increase of the solid solutions.

S1 P33 INFLUENCE OF Al DOPING ON THE OPTICAL AND GAS SENSING PROPERTIES OF ZnO THIN

FILMS

A.P.RAMBU1, N.IFTIMIE

2, V.TIRON

1, V.NICA

1, G.G.RUSU

1, F.IACOMI

1

1 Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Physics, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania

2 National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Blvd., 700050, Iasi,

Romania

Based on its electrical and optical properties, zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have been investigated for applications

in solar cells, varistors, spintronic devices, photodetectors, surface acoustic wave devices, light emitting diodes,

etc. Among these, ZnO is considered as the earliest discovered and most widely investigated gas sensor material.

Undoped and 1-3% Al doped ZnO films were obtained by spin-coating and the influence of Al content on the

optical and gas sensing properties of respective films was investigated. The structure of spin coated thin films

were analyzed by means of a Shimadzu LabX XRD-6000 diffractometer (with CuKα radiation, λ=1.5418 Å).

Characteristic X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that spin coated films are polycrystalline. In the characteristic

diffractograms are identified three well-defined XRD peaks, which are assigned to belong to hexagonal ZnO

structure. No diffraction peaks characteristic to other secondary phases (such as Al2O3 or ZnAl2O4) were

identified. The average size of the crystallite size is evaluated using the Debye–Scherrer formula; the obtained

values indicating a decrease of crystallite size as the Al doping concentration increases. Atomic force

microscopy investigations were carried out using an NT-MDT Solver Pro-M microscope. Characteristic images

indicate that Al doping influences the surface morphology of ZnO films.

The optical transmittances spectra, in the wavelength range 300 nm – 1700 nm, were recorded for undoped ZnO

and Al doped ZO films. It was observed that the undoped film is the most transparent one and the films

transparency decreases as the Al doping content increases. This behavior can be explained on the bases of

presence of structural defects, surface roughness, etc. Also, the gas sensing properties of the spin coated thin

films were investigated. Characteristic gas sensing parameters were evaluated (sensitivity, selectivity, optimum

operating temperature, response time) and their values are discussed in correlation with morpho-structural

characteristics of the films.

Acknowledgements:

This work is part of the researches of the grant PN-II-CT-RO-FR-2012-1-0065 and under financial support of

this.

S1 P34 NANOSTRUCTERED CATALYSTS FOR HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS

V.CIUPINĂ1,2,5

, R.VLĂDOIU1, G.PRODAN

1,2, L.PETRĂȘESCU

3, Ş.G.TUTUN

3,

C. POROȘNICU4

, E.VASILE6


66

1Department of Plasma, Faculty of Physics, Chemistry, Electronics and Oil Technology,

Ovidius University, Mamaia 124, Constanţa, 900527, Romania 2Institute for Nanotechnology and Alternative Energy Sources, Ovidius University,

Mamaia 124, Constanţa, 900527, Romania 3Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomiştilor 405, Măgurele, Ilfov

4 National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, PO Box MG-36, 077125, Bucharest, Romania

5Academy of Romanian Scientists, Independenței 54, Bucharest, Romania

6METAV C.D., Bucharest, Romania

As the necessity for energy keeps on growing it has become a pressing concern the development of new methods

of producing energy both efficient and harmless for our environment. In the past the limiting factors of

renewable energy were the storage and transport of that energy. By using fuel cells and hydrogen based

technology the electrical energy from renewable sources can be distributed where and when is needed, clean,

efficient and sustainable. Nanotechnology is the area of interest in the research of new methods of improving the

performance and reducing the costs of the catalysts used in fuel cells.

In order to prepare nanostructered carbon based films (C-Si and C-Glass) for use in the anode and cathode parts

of fuel cells, the original method of thermionic vacuum arc (TVA) was used in one electronic gun configuration.

One of the main advantages of this technology is the bombardment of the growing thin film just by the ions of

the depositing film. Moreover, the energy of ions can be controlled . Thermo-electrons emitted by an externally

heated cathode and focused by a Wehnelt focusing cylinder are accelerated towards the anode whose material is

evaporated and bright plasma is ignited by a high voltage DC supply.

The nanostructered carbon films were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and

magnetoresistance analysis. While the C – Glass film did not show any magnetoresistance, the C – Si film’s

resistance dropped slightly (aprox. 2.5%) in the presence of a magnetic field of 0.3236 T.

The TEM analysis revealed that both films have a uniform morphology and amorphous structure.

S1 P35 APPLICATION OF CARBON BASED NANISTRUCTURES IN DIVERTORS COATING FROM

FUSION REACTOR

V.CIUPINĂ1,2,5

, R.VLĂDOIU1, G.PRODAN

1,2, Ş.G.TUTUN

3, L.PETRĂȘESCU

3 ,

C. POROȘNICU4

, E.VASILE6

1Department of Plasma, Faculty of Physics, Chemistry, Electronics and Oil Technology,

Ovidius University, Mamaia 124, Constanţa, 900527, Romania 2Institute for Nanotechnology and Alternative Energy Sources, Ovidius University,

Mamaia 124, Constanţa, 900527, Romania 3Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomiştilor 405, Măgurele, Ilfov

4 National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, PO Box MG-36, 077125, Bucharest, Romania

5Academy of Romanian Scientists, Independenței 54, Bucharest, Romania

6METAV C.D., Bucharest, Romania

Nanostrctured corbon materials have increasingly attracted the interest of the scientific community, because of

their fascinating physical properties and potential application in high-tech devices. In the current ITER design,

the tiles made of carbon fiber composites (CFCs) are forseen for the strike point zone and tungsten (W) for other

parts of the divertor region. This choice is a compromise based mainly on experience with individual materials in

many different tokamaks. Also Carbon-Aluminium composites are the candidate material for this first Wall in

ITER.

In order to prepare nanostructured carbon based nanocomposite for the divertor part in fusion application, the

original method thermionic vaccum arc (TVA) was used both in single electronic gun configuration (for

amorphous Carbon on Si and on Glass) and in two electronic gun configuration for C-Al. One of the main

advantages of this technology is the bombardment of the growing thin film just by the ions of the depositing

film. Moreover, the energy of ions can be controlled. Thermo-electrons emitted by an externally heated cathode

and focused by a Wehnelt focusing cylinder are strongly accelerated towards the anode whose material is

evaporated and bright plasma is ignited by a high voltage DC supply.


67

The nanostructered carbon films were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and

magnetoresistance analysis. While the C – Glass film did not show any magnetoresistance, the C – Si film’s

resistance dropped slightly (aprox. 2.5%) in the presence of a magnetic field of 0.3236 T.

The TEM analysis revealed that both films have a uniform morphology and amorphous structure.

S1 P36 PROPERTIES INVESTIGATION OF COBALT OXIDE COMPOSITE LAYERS

Romana DRASOVEAN, Steluta GOSAV

“Dunarea de Jos” University of Galaţi, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Chemistry, Physics and

Environment Department, 111 Domnească Street, 800201, Galaţi, Romania

Nanostructured cobalt oxide composite film were investigated. Thin films of cobalt oxide dispersed in silica

were formed by sol-gel deposition from the colloidal solution obtained from cobalt acetate and tetraethoxysilane

. Glass slides were used as substrate.. Using the techniques of X-ray diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy,

the formation of cobalt oxide composite, the orientation of the grains have been studied. Optical constants of

these layers have been determined by using transmission spectra which were recorded with a Shimadzu UV-VIS

spectrophotometer.

AFM picture of silica film doped with CoO particles treated at 500

0C in H2/N2

S1 P37 CuFeCo THIN FILMS OBTAINED BY THERMOIONIC VACUUM ARC METHOD

I.PRIOTEASA1, V.CIUPINA

2,3, E. VASILE

4

1. University of Bucharest

2. Research Center on Micro-and Nanostructures, Ovidius University of Constanta

3. Academy of Romanian Scientists

4. METAV Bucharest

CuFeCo thin films have been deposited by Thermoionic Vacuum Arc method (TVA) and magnetoresistive

and structural properties have been examined. The Gigant Magnetoresistance (GMR) appears in thin films

composed of metallic alternative ferromagnetic and non ferromagnetic layers, when the magnetic grains are

isolated in the non magnetic matrix. The electric resistance of the films show a considerable decrease in the

presence of the magnetic field. There have been deposeted films with a thickness of 100 nm each on a glass

substrate. To create the films, two TVA guns have been used, which have evaporated simultaneously the

material from the two melting pots, one of them containing Cu and the other one containing Fe and Co in a

proportion of 50% each. The deposition rate was situated between 0,01nm/s for the first 30 nm deposed and

0,03nm/s for the next 70 nm. The images obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at a magnification of

40 000 times have shown that at the surface of the samples there are crystallites with sises of approximately 5

nm, arranged in granular formations with a diameter between 40 and 50 nm.The examinated thin films show

gigant magnetoresistance effect.


68

S1 P38 EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN PETROLEUM COKE

Semaghiul BIRGHILA1A

and Ionela CARAZEANU POPOVICI1B

1Ovidius Universityof Constanta, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department,

124 Mamaia, 900527, Constanta, Romania

aemail: [email protected];

bemail: [email protected]

Coke is a gray to black solid carbonaceous residue (90-95% carbon) which is produced from petroleum

during thermal processing. The two most important categories are green coke and calcinated coke; green

petroleum coke are mostly used as utility fuels and as feedstocks for further upgrading caltinations. The

calcinated petroleum coke are used in production of aluminium, anode-grade, graphite electrodes, needle-grade,

TiO2 pigments [1-3].

A number of factors determine the quality of petroleum coke, such as: density, metal and sulphur

content, electrical resistivity. Knowledge of structure parameters also contributes to the characterization and

utilization of petroleum coke [4].

Also, the coke properties depend on the source of the crude oil and the quality specifications dictated by

producing refinery [5-8].

In this paper, commercial petroleum cokes were analyzed, before and after heat treatment in order to

evaluate the physical-chemical properties. The content of moisture, volatile matter, sulphur, ash and metals (Fe

Ni, Cr) was determined.

The results showed that temperature increasing led to the removal of volatile matter and sulphur

content; higher separation of sulphur was observed for coke obtained from atmospheric residue and from

decanted oil. The ash content indicates the presence of inorganic admixtures in coke.

Metal concentrations increased through calcining, due to the weight loss from removal of the volatile

matter; the coke samples revealed the higher content of nickel (151 to 279 ppm) which is the most represented

metal component in the coking feedstock.

Typical parameters that contribute to the characterization and utilization of petroleum coke showed that

the analyzed samples have a low ash, metallic and volatile matter contents therefore can be used as carburizer in

the foundries or in the production of anodes.

References

1. D.Ugarkovic, A. Radenovic, and V.N. Radovic: Carbon 31, 913 (1993).

2. A.N.Thorpe, F.E. Senftle, C. Alexander, F.T.Dulong, R.B.La Count and S.Friedman: Fuel 60, 147 (1987).

3. A. Radenovic: Nafta 60 171 (2009).

4. H. Al-Haj Ibrahim and M.M.Ali: Periodica Pol. Ser. Chem. Eng. 48, 53 (2004).

5. S. Birghila, I. Carazeanu Popovici and A. Dumitru, Romanian Journal in Physics 56(7-8), 976 (2011)

6. I. Carazeanu Popovici, S. Birghila, G. Voicu, V. Ionescu, V. Ciupina and G. Prodan: J. Optoelectron. Adv.

Mater. 12, 1903 (2010).

7. E.J.Anthony, A.P.Iribarne and J.V.Iribarne, Fuel Technology 88, 535 (2007).

8. A. Radenovic and K.Terzic: Nafta 3, 136 (2010).

S1 P39 TERAHERTZ PROPERTIES OF BARIUM TANTALATE - BASED

MICROWAVE DIELECTRICS

L. NEDELCU 1, C. BUSUIOC

1, M.G. BANCIU

1, H.V. ALEXANDRU

2

1 National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, [email protected]

2 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

Low-loss microwave dielectrics influence decisively such communication systems as satellite

broadcasting or global positioning systems [1]. These materials offers miniaturization, enhanced temperature

stability, increase the equipment reliability and lower the costs in manufacturing and during the operations. Since

the modern telecommunications are moving towards higher frequency bands due to the crowding of the

electromagnetic spectrum, material characterization in millimeter and terahertz waves is required [2].

The Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is an accurate measurement method. When

compared to the conventional FTIR measurement method, THz-TDS provides not only the spectral intensity, but


69

also the intrinsic phase shifts of the propagating THz signal allowing the direct finding of the complex dielectric

permittivity without the use of the Kramers–Kronig relations [3].

The Ba(X1/3Ta2/3)O3 (X=Mg or Zn) complex perovskites were synthesized using solid-state reaction

method starting from high purity raw materials. The samples were sintered in air at 1600 o

C for 4 h sintering

time. All preparation steps were presented in a previous work [4]. The X-ray diffraction revealed a long range

order with a 2:1 ratio of Ta and X cations on the octahedral positions of the complex perovskite structure. The

SEM micrographs put in evidence the decrease in porosity and increase in grain size with the increase in

sintering temperature.

The measurements carried out in microwave range (in the 5-6 GHz) showed very high values for the

Q x f product about 100 THz for Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 (BZT) and 200 THz for Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 (BMT) dielectric

resonators. In addition, the measured dielectric constant was 24 for BMT and 28 for BZT samples. No

significant variation of the dielectric properties was noticed up to 100 GHz.

The THz-TDS measurements were carried out in transmission set-up by using an Aispec pulse IRS-

2000 Pro time-domain spectrometer on about 0.2 mm thick parallel-plane samples. The BZT sample exhibits

absorption coefficient higher than BMT. These results are in good agreement with structural and microwave

data. For both type of samples, several optical phonon modes were evidenced.

References

1. M. T. Sebastian, Dielectric Materials for Wireless Communication, Elsevier, Oxford, 2008.

2. T. Kleine-Ostmann and T Nagatsuma, A Review on Terahertz Communications Research, J. Infrared Milli.

Terahz. Waves 32, 2011, pp. 143-171.

3. K. Sakai, Terahertz Optoelectronics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2005.

4. L. Nedelcu, C. Busuioc, M. G. Banciu, R. Ramer, Ba(X1/3Ta2/3)O3 complex perovskites for microwave and

millimeter-wave applications, Proceedings of the 35th

International Semiconductor Conference, CAS 2012, vol.

2, 2012, pp. 303-306.

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific

Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-PD-2011-3-0237.

S1 P40 STRUCTURAL VARIETIES OF Cu(II) COMPLEXES WITH BIDENTATE LIGANDS

Daniela STAMATE,a Violeta MACOVEI,

b Marilena FERBINTEANU,

b Mihai. A. GÎRŢU,

a

aDepartment of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527

bDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 020462, Romania

Two new series of Cu(II) complexes with bidentate ligands like bpca (bis(2-pyridyl-carbonyl)amine),

dibm (dibenzoylmethane) and AA (phen-1,10phenanthroline or bipy-2,2’-dipyridyl) were synthesised and

charaterised in order to find new building blocks for d and d-f assemblies. The first one involves the mixed

ligands complexes [Cu(bpca)(AA)]+ with can act as ligand complexes toward oxophylic lanthanide ions. The

second series targeted building-blocks with semi-stable structure and one free coordination site, like

[Cu(phen)(dibm)]NO3 and [Cu(phen)](NO3)2. All compounds are structural characterised by single crystal X-ray

diffraction method and it was observed a large structural variety concerning the coordination mode of NO3- unit.

A special case is the 1-D chain compound with a syn-anti coordination mode of the bridging NO3- unit (Figure

1).

Figure 1. Molecular structure of 1D-[Cu(phen)](NO3)2


70

Acknowledgements: The financial support from the CNCS/UEFISCDI research grant PN2-ID-PCCE-239/2010

is gratefully acknowledged.


S1 P41 NEW Co(II) MIXED LIGAND COMPLEXES FOR DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

Daniela STAMATE,a Marilena FERBINTEANU,

b Mihai A. GÎRŢU

a

aDepartment of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527

bDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 020462, Romania

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have attracted considerable interest over the last years, as they offer

the advantages of low fabrication costs, transparency and flexibility, when desired. We report synthesis and

characterization of a new series based on mixed ligand Co(II) complexes, [Co(AA)(BB)2]X2, where AA and BB

are aromatic diammine, derivative of phenanthroline and bipyridil and X is chloride or

bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion. The obtaining of such compounds is a challenge due to the severe

tendency to form tris chelates compounds or to disproportionate. The synthesis was realized step by step, starting

with the obtaining of [Co(AA)Cl2] and [Co(BB)2Cl2] complexes type to which the second diamine was added.

The compunds were analyzed by means of IR and UV-VIS spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction

(Fig.1.). Further theoretical and electrochemical investigation are ongoing. The final mixed ligand complexes

will be tested for their specific electrochemical response and potential, in order to be used in the manufacture of

dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC).

Figure 1. Molecular structure for [Co(BB)2Cl(H2O)]ClC2H5OH, where BB- bis(2-pyridyl)amine

Acknowledgement: This work is supported by the RSRP # IZERO-142144/1 cofinanced in Romania through

PN-II-Idei-RSRP.



71

S1 P42 POSSIBILITY FOR PERMEABLE THERMOELECTRIC ELEMENTS APPLICATION

Radion CHERKEZ

1Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, 58012,Ukraine

The results are presented of the study promising of permeable thermopiles application. Theoretical

research was carried out for different variations of permeable structures (planar, channel, porous and segmented)

for thermoelements operating in electric energy generating modes, thermoelectric cooling and heating. By

methods of the mathematical optimal control theory and computer simulation multifactor optimization problems

were solved and design and thermophysical parameters defined that deliver maximum values to energy

conversion characteristics.

The analysis of computing results for permeable cooling thermopiles for thermoelectric Bi-Te-Se-Sb-

based materials has pointed to the possibility of the coefficient of performance improvement by 30-60% as

compared to conventional thermoelectric cooling. In the mode of electric energy generation the use of permeable

thermoelements enables the obtaining of energy efficiency 1.3 to 1.6 times as big as that of conventional

thermoelements.

The specimens of the planar permeable thermopiles from Bi-Te-Se- Sb-based materials were obtained.

Experimental data confirm the essentials of the theory and reveal the possibility of thermoelectricity wider

practical application.

Section 2 – LASER, PLASMA and RADIATION PHYSICS and APPLICATIONS

72

SECTION

S2 – Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics and Applications Laser Physics and applications






73

INVITED LECTURES

S2 L01

PLASMA THRUSTERS, PRINCIPLES, APPLICATIONS AND DIAGNOSTICS

K. DANNENMAYER1)

, A. PETIN2)

, S. MAZOUFFRE2)

, P. KUDRNA3)

, M. TICHÝ3)

1)

ESA - ESTEC / Electric Propulsion Section (TEC - MPE), Keperlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk ZH, The

Netherlands 2)

Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement, CNRS, Orléans, France 3)

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague 2,

Czech Republic

The use of electric/plasma propulsion of space vehicles can provide significant benefits compared to chemical

propulsion. These benefits include substantial cost savings – represented by a significant reduction in the mass

required to be lifted to low Earth orbit. The basic explanation for that consists in the velocity of the propellant

that can reach several tens of kilometers per second compared to units km/s with chemical propulsion. In other

words the impulse needed for driving the space vehicle is gained from the velocity, not from the mass of the

propellant. While the plasma thrusters cannot be used to drive the rocket from Earth to the orbit their benefits

become evident on the orbit and in space. Today’s most important application of electric propulsion systems is

the north-south station keeping of geosynchronous telecommunication satellites. However, tests were made

already in using the plasma thrusters as a main drive for longer mission to the Moon with applied electric power

several kilowatts. At present conceptual design of a 300-kW space vehicle is being developed by NASA, with

the capability to store nearly 40,000 kg of xenon, to support human missions to near-Earth asteroids. Among all

the different electric propulsion devices, two technologies, namely gridded ion engines (XIPS, xenon ion

propulsion systems) and Hall effect thrusters (HET), are today a mature technology.

The lecture will give information on the principles and applications of XIPS and HET. Further, the accuracy of

the plasma potential measurements by a sufficiently emitting probe in view of the negative space charge created

by the emitted electrons will be discussed [1]. The lecture will then concentrate on the diagnostics of the plasma

instabilities in HET by time-averaged and time-resolved measurements using the Langmuir and the emissive

probe [2,3].

References

[1] A. Marek, M. Jilek, I. Pickova et al., Contrib. Plasma Phys., 48, 491-496, (2008).

[2] K. Dannenmayer, P. Kudrna, M. Tichy, S. Mazouffre, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol., 21 (2012) 055020.

[3] K. Dannenmayer, Scaling laws and electron properties in Hall effect thrusters, PhD thesis, ICARE CNRS

Orleans, 2012.

Corresponding author address

Milan Tichý

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics

Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic

E-mail: [email protected], fax: +420 284 685 095, phone: +420 725 455 207

S2 L02

MIXED FILMS INTERACTION WITH PLASMA PRODUCED BY HIGH POWER LASERS

C. P. LUNGU1, C. POROSNICU

1, I. JEPU

1, P. CHIRU

1, A. M. LUNGU

1, D. URSESCU

1, R. BANICI

1, G.

COJOCARU1, R. UNGUREANU

1, C. LUCULESCU

1, A. MARCU

1, R. VLADOIU

2, A. MARIN

3, P.

OSICEANU3, I. FERARU

4, C. GRIGORESCU

4

1National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, jud Ilfov, Romania

2”Ovidius” University, Constanta, Romania

3“Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest, Romania

4National Institute R&D for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, Bucharest, Romania

The plasma produced by the laser irradiation in air and deuterium atmosphere was directed toward the

Be-C, Be-W and C-W mixed films prepared by thermionic vacuum arc method (TVA) as thin films on graphite

and silicon substrates from pure vapor plasma.

The samples were irradiated with single or multiple terawatt laser beam pulses programmed to have

durations of pico or femtoseconds, in order to obtain duration and power densities compared to the


74

thermonuclear plasma instabilities.

The plasma was studied using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and the irradiated films were

characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometry (XPS), confocal

optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

Surface roughness, atomic composition and chemical bonding of atoms at the surface and inside the

deposited films were analysed for different positions of the produced craters. XPS and Raman analyses have

suggested tungsten-carbide, tungsten-beryllide and carbon-beryllides formations. Materials used in this study

are foreseen to be used on the first wall of the fusion reactor.

Acknowledgements: Funding by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, UEFISCDI,

through project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0522 is acknowledged.

S2 L03

DEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HIGH ENTROPY ALLOY CARBIDE COATINGS

M.BRAIC, A.VLADESCU, I. PANA, A. PARAU, M. DINU, V.BRAIC, M. BALACEANU

National Institute for Optoelectronics, 409 Atomistilor Str., Magurele – Bucharest, Romania

The purpose of the present study was to study the characteristics of some multi-principal-element coatings, in

which the elements, except for carbon, are in almost equiatomic concentrations, according to the high entropy

alloy concept [1,2]. All the investigated coatings were almost stoichiometric. (ZrSi)C and (TiZrNbHfTa)C

reference coatings were comparatively investigated with the novel multi-principal-element coatings, obtained by

replacing each metallic element with Si. The coatings were deposited on Si and 316L substrates by co-sputtering

from independent mono-element targets, in an Ar+CH4 reactive atmosphere. The films were analyzed for

elemental and phase composition, crystalline structure, mechanical characteristics, tribological and corrosion

resistance in saline solution.

The coatings containing Si preserved the crystalline (fcc) structure of the reference multicomponent coatings,

while a reduction in the grain size was observed (Fig. 1), accompanied by an improvement of the mechanical

properties (hardness and adhesion). Fine grained and smooth surface morphologies were observed by AFM for

all the investigated coatings. All the multi-principal-element films exhibited lower wear rates and friction

coefficients, and better corrosion resistance, as compared to (ZrSi)C films. Better tribological performances of

the multicomponent coatings were observed (Fig. 2), especially when Si replaced Zr or Hf.

Considering their fine structures, good wear - corrosion resistance and friction characteristics, the high entropy

alloy carbide coatings can represent a valuable alternative in various tribological applications where a good

corrosion resistance is also needed.

Fig.1 XRD patterns of the coatings Fig.2 Wear rates of the investigated coatings

.

References

[1] J.W. Yeh, S.K. Chen, S.J. Lin, J.Y. Gan et al., (2004) Adv. Eng. Mater., 6: 299- 303

[2] J.W. Yeh, Ann. Chim. Sci. Mater. (2006) 31: 633–648

316L

(ZrS

i)C

(TiZ

rNbH

fTa)

C

(TiZ

rNbS

iTa)

C

(TiZ

rNbH

fSi)C

(TiZ

rSiH

fTa)

C

(TiS

iNbH

fTa)

C

(SiZ

rNbH

fTa)

C0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

180000

200000

220000

240000

We

ar

rate

(m

3/N

*m)

30 40 50 60 70 80

30 40 50 60 70 80

(311)(220)

(222)SS

S

(200)(111)

2 theta(deg.)

(ZrSi)C

I RE

L(a

rb.u

nits)

(TiZrNbTaSi)C

(TiZrNbSiHf)C

(TiZrSiTaHf)C

(TiSiNbTaHf)C

(SiZrNbTaHf)C

(TiZrNbTaHf)C


75

Acknowledgement:This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian NationalAuthority for Scientific

Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-1016

S2 L04

COMPOSITION-PROPERTIES RELATIONS IN MULTI-COMPONENT CARBON BASED

NANOMATERIALS

R. VLADOIU1, M CONTULOV

1, A. MANDES

1, V. DINCA

1, V. CIUPINA

1, C. POROSNICU

2, C. P. LUNGU

2

1Department of Plasma Physics, Faculty of Physics Chemistry Electronics and Oil Technology,

Ovidius University, Mamaia 124, Constanţa, 900527, Romania 2National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, PO Box MG-36, 077125,

Bucharest Romania

Composite materials at the nanometer level started to be real dimensions for coating the components on

production line. The challenge of this research is to find the best combination for coating the mechanical parts of

components by suitable complex nanocomposites and by using innovative technology. Specifically, complex

carbon and titanium based nanocomposites owing to their remarcable properties of the coating surfaces such as

wear resistance, roughness, low friction coefficients have been synthetized and investigated in different

combination and forms, such as multi-component composites.[1],[2]. Recently, the studies proved that the

dependence of the behavior on the particle sizes can allow one to engineer their properties. Characteristics as:

electronic structure, conductivity, reactivity, melting temperature, and mechanical properties have all been

observed to change when particles become smaller than a critical size. [3]–[4]

Multi-component thin films (binary –SiC and ternary- SiCAl) as well as single thin films (silicon Si)

were deposited using Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) technology. The thin films were characterized using X-

ray diffractometer (XRD, Philips PW1050, Cu K), scanning electron microscope (SEM, Zeiss EVO 50 SEM)

accompanied with energy dispersive spectrometer and transmission electron microscope (TEM, Phillips CM 120

ST, 100 kV). The film is composed of nanoparticles very smoothly distributed of 15-30 nanometer size

embedded in amorphous matrix film. The results reveal high hardness for SiC (10-40 GPa) and for SiCAl: low

wear rate. (6.16E-05 mm3/Nm).

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNDI –

UEFISCDI, project number 160/2012, PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-1453

References

[1] P. Zhang, B.K. Tay, C.Q. Sun, S.P. Lau, Microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocomposite

amorphous carbon films, J Vac Sci Technol A, 20 (2002), pp. 1390–1394

[2] Y. Pauleau, F. Thiery ,,Deposition and characterization of nanostructured metal/carbon composite films,

Surf. Coa.t Technol, 180–181 (2004), pp. 313–322

[3] A. Y. Wang, K. R. Lee, J. P. Ahn, J. H. Han, Structure and mechanical properties of W-Incorporated DLC

films prepared by a hybrid ion beam deposition system, Carbon, 2006, 44, 1826.

[4] S. Zhang, X. L. Bui, Y. Q. Fu, Magnetron-sputtered nc-TiC/a-C(Al) tough nanocomposite coatings, Thin

Solid Films 2004, 467, 261

S2 L05

DEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON COATINGS

PREPARED BY PECVD

Adrian STOICA1, Vilma BURŠÍKOVÁ

1,2, Vratislav PEŘINA

3

1 Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic;

2 Department of Physical Electronics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic;

3 Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Řež, Czech Republic.

Over the last decades the general knowledge about diamond-like carbon (DLC) increased significantly.

DLC covers a wide range of materials with properties varying from those similar to graphite to those of natural

diamond [1]. The desired coating thickness and material properties (including microstructure, physical,

mechanical properties) can be controlled by the deposition process. Hydrogen-free carbon films can be prepared

by different methods; one of the newest techniques reported is Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) [2]. Modified


76

DLC can be prepared by adding other chemical elements (H, D, Si, O, N, F, Ti, etc.) into the carbon matrix,

which enables to control coatings properties such as friction, wettability, internal stress, biocompatibility,

thermal and oxidation stability [1,3]. Moreover, gradation of the modifying elements in the films enhances the

film-substrate properties [4].

In this work the focus was the preparation and characterization of nanostructured DLC thin films,

prepared by radio frequency Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD). Carbon coatings

incorporating H, D, N, Si, and O were deposited from different mixtures of gases, such as methane, hydrogen,

deuterium, nitrogen, hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDSZ), in order to vary the

content of the doping elements in the films. Thin film composition was analyzed by Rutherford Backscattering

Spectrometry (RBS), Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ERDA) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS).

Surface free energy was evaluated on the basis of the interaction between the sample surface and various liquids

using contact angle measurements. Film thickness and optical properties were determined from

spectrophotometric and ellipsometric measurements. Mechanical properties were studied by the instrumented

indentation technique. A tribological investigation of selected coatings was also performed. The effects between

the discharge conditions, precursor mixture composition, film structure and film properties were investigated.

Altering the composition of the DLC films by incorporating the aforementioned elements enabled the successful

deposition of protective coatings on different substrates, including several polymers. The films prepared under

optimum conditions exhibited outstanding properties, such as high hardness, good adhesion, and thermal

stability. The compressive stress in the films was decreased, but in the same time maintaining the desirable

properties of DLC.

References

[1] J. Robertson. Mat. Sci. Eng. R. 37 (2002) 129-281;

[2] A. Stoica, R. Vladoiu, G. Musa, et al. Chem. Listy 105 (2011), 132-135;

[3] Y. Kawabata, M. Hino, T. Horie, et al. Nucl. Intrum. Meth. A 529 (2004) 84-86;

[4] V. Bursikova, J. Sobota, T. Fort, et al. J. Optoelectron. Adv. M. 10 (2008), 3229-3232.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by 'CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology' project

CZ.1.05/1.1/00/02.0068, and by the project CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0086 'R&D center for low-cost plasma and

nanotechnology surface modifications' funded by European Regional Development Fund.

POSTERS

S2 P01

MODELING THE EVOLUTION OF SOME FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON BEAM

TREATED STARCHES

Mirela BRAŞOVEANU, Monica R. NEMŢANU1

National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerator Laboratory, 409 Atomistilor

St., P.O. Box MG-36, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

Electron beams are used in material processing due to their efficiency to induce physical and chemical processes

in materials and thus to produce improved or new materials. The treatment of starch using electron beam with

different irradiation doses lead to modifications of its physicochemical and structural properties and offers the

opportunity to enlarge the starch applications in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic or dye industry. Apparent and

intrinsic viscosities as well as colorimetric parameters of different cereal and tuber starches exposed to

accelerated electron beam were investigated. The experimental results allowed the development of mathematical

models that can be used to predict the behavior of the investigated properties of starch as a function of irradiation

dose.

Keywords: irradiation, viscosity, color, cereal starches, tuber starch

1 Corresponding author: [email protected]


77

Acknowledgements. This work was partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for

Scientific Research, CNDI–UEFISCDI, project number 64/2012.

S2 P02

BEHAVIOUR OF THE COLORIMETRIC AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE

IRRADIATED SEA BUCKTHORN OIL

MONICA R. NEMŢANU, MIRELA BRAŞOVEANU

National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Electron Accelerator Laboratory, 409 Atomistilor

St., P.O. Box MG-36, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

Sea buckthorn oil is increasingly consumed both as nutritional supplement and medicinal product due to its

valuable and unique vitamin concentrate and natural antioxidant character. Colorimetric parameters and rheology

of the sea buckthorn oil treated with accelerated electron beam were investigated. The results indicated changes

in the colorimetric parameters from yellow to red and an increase of lightness with the irradiation dose. Also,

minor changes in the rheological properties were detected after oil irradiation.

Keywords: electron beam, viscosity, colour parameters

Acknowledgements. This work was supported by projects Nucleu LAPLAS 2013 and IIN (Electron

Accelerators Laboratory of NIPLRP).

S2 P03

AN ELECTRON PLASMA SOURCE

O. S. STOICAN1

1 National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor Str.409, RO-077125 Magurele-

Bucharest, Romania

A source of electrons extracted from glow discharge plasma is described. Its design is based on similar

approaches reported in literature [1, 2]. The resulting electron beam is intend to be used to study the effect of the

RF fields on charged particles in electric and magnetic fields generated by a Penning type disposal electrodes

system [3]. Electrical diagram of the electron source and the circuit used to measure electron current are shown

in Fig. 1. The Penning type electrodes system consists of the two cylinders P, Q, and the two halves X1 and X2

of a cylinder longitudinally sectioned. The electrical wiring of the electrodes P, Q, X1, X2 has been utilized only

to evaluate characteristics of the electron source not for typically experiments related to actual goals of the whole

experimental setup. The glow discharge occurs between anode A and cathode K. Anode A consisting of an

aluminium cylinder, drilled along its longitudinal axis, is connected to ground. Cathode K consisting of an

aluminium cylinder is connected to a negative high voltage power supply by means of a ballast resistor,

Rb=47k. The high voltage power supply operates in a constant current regime. Mechanical design of the

electrodes system allows modifying distance L between anode and cathode. The anode-cathode system is placed

into a glass tube whilst electrodes P, Q, X1, X2 are mounted in a cylindrical chamber made of Teflon. The glass

tube, Teflon chamber and vacuum system are joined together by means of standard vacuum flanges. A

Helmholtz coils system generates the magnetic field B parallel to the longitudinal axis of the electrodes.

Experimental measurements have shown that electrons current depends on the gas pressure, discharge current

and P, Q, X1, X2 electrodes electrical bias. Qualitatively, the experimental results are similar to those already

reported in literature [1, 2]. It has been found that there is a limited range of the gas pressure for that the electron

current has an useful value. Consequently, the requirements of the intended experiments regarding the necessary

gas pressure must be in accordance with the capability of the electrons source.

Fig. 1 Experimental setup (not in scale)


78

References:

[1] J. A. Panitz, G. Rempfer, Am. J. Phys. 74 (2006), 11, 953-956

[2] Efim Oks, Plasma Cathode Electron Sources, Chapter: Low-Pressure Discharges for Plasma Electron

Sources, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH&Co, 2006, ISBN: 978-3-527-40634-0

[3] J. J. Bollinger, J. N. Tan, W. M. Itano and D. J. Wineland, Physica Scripta T59 (1995), 362-359

S2 P04

POLYMER-GRAPHENE COMPOSITES PREPARED BY UV AND 2PP CURING FOR COATING

APPLICATIONS

Emil C. Buruiana1, Florentina Jitaru

1, George Epurescu

2, Ioana Ion

3, Tinca Buruiana

1

1Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 700487 Iasi, Romania

2National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele,

Romania 3National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical EngineeringICPE-CA, Splaiul Unirii no.313,

sector 3, Bucharest, Romania

Presenting author: [email protected]

It is well known that the photoinitiated polymerization of (meth)acrylates monomers (oligomers) has a rising

relevance for a lot of industrial applications, such as coatings, adhesives, composites, dental and medical

materials, steriolithography [1]. On the other hand graphene have attracted increasing attention over the last few

years on account of its extraordinary electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties arising from its unique

structure and these features was researched for use in a variety of applications [2]. One possible method of

exploiting their specific characteristics for actual world applications would be to include graphene sheets in a

composite material [3]. In this context, the present work intends to explored the influence a small quantity of

graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on the some properties of polymer matrix obtained by

UV or two photon polymerization (2PP) of new dimethacrylate oligomer (DMA-PEG) alone or in combination

with other comonomers. The structure, morphology and photopolymerization study of the synthesized polymers

composites were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, photoDSC analysis, ESEM/EDAX and TEM techniques.

Also, the physico-mechanical characteristics of the resulting composites will be evaluated.

Figure 1: TEM image of the DMA-PEG composites with 0.1 wt.% of GO

References

1. E. Andrzejewska, Prog. Polym. Sci. 26 (4), 605-665 (2001).

2. A. K. Geim, K. S. Novoselov, Nat. Mater. 6, 183–191(2007).

3. G. Eda and M. Chhowalla, Nano. Lett. 9, 814–818 (2009).

Acknowledgment:

This work was supported by CNCSIS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-I-PT-

PCCA-2011-3.1-1422.

S2 P05

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPTICAL, ELECTRONIC AND PHOTOLUMINISCENT

PROPERTIES OF ARYLENEVINYLENE AND ARYLENEETHYNYLENE POLYMERS BASED ON

2,7 AND 3,6 DISUBSTITUTE CARBAZOLE UNITS

Ana-Maria CATARGIU, Mircea GRIGORAS

“P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda alley, Iasi-700487, Romania; Tel. 0232-

217454, e-mail: [email protected]


79

Conjugated polymers have attracted scientific interest both from the academic and industrial point of

view, especially because of their application in the fields of organic light-emitting diodes (OLED’s),

photovoltaic cells, nonlinear optics devices, field-effect transistors, electrochromic windows and sensors [1].

During the last years, much attention has been paid to polycarbazoles because they are efficient short wavelength

emitters, strong electro-donating (p-type) chromophores and possesses hole transporting properties. Thus, they

are one of the most promising candidates for electro-luminescent and photorefractive devices. As it is known,

carbazole molecule can be easily functionalized at (3,6), (2,7) or N-positions and then covalently linked into

polymeric systems, in the main chain as building blocks or as pendant units.

The aim of this study is to report the synthesis and opto-electrochemical properties of four polymers

based on 2,7 or 3,6 - disubstitute carbazole units, connected by two kind of spacers like vinylene (P1, P3) and

1.4-phenylene ethynylene (P2, P4). Arylene vinylene polymers (P1 and P3) were synthesized by Stille coupling

polymerization reactions while arylene ethynylene polymers (P2 and P4) were obtained by Sonogashira coupling

polymerization reaction.

N

R

N

R

N

R

N

R

P1

P2

P3

P4

The structures of polymers were proved by

1H NMR and IR spectroscopy. Optical properties of the

polymers were investigated by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The redox properties and HOMO and

LUMO energy levels of synthesized polymers were determinated by cyclic voltammetry technique.

References

[1] D. T. McQuade, A. E. Pullen, T.M. Swager, Chem. Rev., 100, (2000) 2537-2574

Acknowledgement: The authors thank the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research

(UEFISCU) for financial support (Grant PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0274 / Contract nr. 148/2011).

S2 P06

LASER IRRADIATION EFFECT ON OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTRA IN A THOMSON

SCATTERING EXPERIMENT

Ana HARABOR1, Novac-Adrian HARABOR

2, Ion PALARIE

1

1Department of Physics, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of Craiova, 13 A. I. Cuza Str., 200585 Craiova,

Romania; 2Department of Physics, ‘‘Politehnica’’ University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei,060042

Bucharest, Romania:

The paper presents the results of a Thomson scattering experiment performed in order to determine the electron

temperature and its evolution in time in the case of a mercury high intensity discharge (HID) lamp, operated at a

power of 10 W. An argon ion laser Innova 308 C type set at 440 mW and 32.8 A to obtain a wavelength of 476.2

nm has been used. As seen from Fig. 1, the calculated electron temperature through Thomson scattering

experiment in the vicinity of the electrodes was around 8200 K (in steady state) that is considerably higher than

that of around 4000 K determined by optical emission spectrometry for the electrons in the central part of the

column discharge plasma [1].


80

Fig. 1 - The electron temperature versus time obtained through a Thomson scattering experiment (left). Intensity

versus time in the case of some Hg spectral lines for irradiated (IRR) and non-irradiated (N) lamp.

We observed that the intensity of characteristic emission spectral lines belonging to Hg atoms as well those

belonging to Ba+- ions (from the emissive mixture deposited on W electrode), are clearly higher in the case of

laser irradiated lamp compared to non-irradiated lamp.

Since the laser beam is not perfect pencil (1 mm diameter) when passing very close to the electrode (at about 0.3

mm from the top) it can reach the electrode and photoelectric effect is contributing to the extraction of electrons

from Ba or BaO layer (extract energy around 2.2 eV) deposited on the top of the tungsten electrode. Although

multi-photon processes may nevertheless become important at very high laser irradiances.

References:

[1] N. A. Harabor, A. Harabor, I. Palarie, I. M. Popescu, G. Zissis, Time Evolution of Optical Emission

Spectrum of a Hg-HID Lamp Exposed to X-ray, Plasma Chem Plasma Process (2010) 30:449–459

S2 P07

EFFECTS OF ZR AND CR ADDITION ON THE PROPERTIES OF TISICN COATINGS

M.BALACEANU, M.BRAIC, A.VLADESCU, V.BRAIC

National Institute for Optoelectronics, 409 Atomistilor Str., Magurele – Bucharest, Romania

In the past two decades, addition of small amounts of alloying elements to traditional binary nitride or carbide

hard coatings has attracted significant attention as a method to improve the coating properties.

The goal of this work was to examine the effects of Zr and Cr additions into TiSiCN base coating system. The

coatings were prepared by the cathodic arc method using TiSi and Zr or Cr cathodes in a CH4 + N2 reactive

atmosphere. The coatings were analyzed for elemental and phase composition, chemical bonds, crystalline

structure, morphology, residual stress, hardness, friction and wear performance, and corrosion resistance in 0.9%

NaCl solution. TiSiCN, TiSiCN-Zr and TiSiCN-Cr coatings presented a FCC solid solution structure with with

(220) preferred orientations.

As compared with the reference TiSiCN coatings, the Zr- and Cr- doped TiSiCN coatings improved their

mechanical characteristics and exhibited superior corrosion behavior, as presented in Fig.1. A grain refinement

and coatings densification was observed, concomitant with the decrease of the residual stress (from -5.9GPa ⧿

TiSiCN to -3.8GPa ⧿ TiSiCN-Zr) and the hardness enhancement (from 35.2 GPa ⧿ TiSiCN to 42.1 GPa ⧿

TiSiCN-Zr). As compared to the reference an improvement of the friction behavior (Fig. 2), accompanied by a

reducement of the wear rate was observed for both investigated coatings.


81

Fig. 1 Electrochemical tests - Fig. 2. Friction coefficients

potentiodynamic curves of the investigated coatings.

S2 P08

COMBIATORIAL FE-CO BASED GRANULAR MAGNETIC STRUCTURES, OBTAINED BY

THERMIONIC VACUUM ARC METHOD

I. JEPU1, C. POROSNICU

1, C.P. LUNGU

1, C. LUCULESCU

1,

V. KUNCSER2, G. IACOBESCU

3, V. CIUPINA

4

1National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, RO

2National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, RO

3University of Craiova, Faculty of Physics, Craiova, RO

4”Ovidius” University, Constanta, RO

Combinatorial Fe-Co based granular magnetic structures were produced using thermionic vacuum arc

technology. The aim of the work was to observe different magnetic response function of the non-magnetic

material used, cooper or magnesium oxide. It was proposed a pure Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) structure, and

a combination between GMR and Tunneling Magnetoresistive (TMR) for this study. The proposed method in

order to obtain the desired granular structures is based on electron beam emitted by an externally heated cathode,

accelerated by a high anodic potential.

Two sets of samples were prepared, first being a combination between Fe-Co as magnetic materials

embedded in a Cu matrix, with a total thickness of 200nm. The second structure was a combination between Fe-

Co (50%-50%) alloy, embedded in a matrix of Cu combined with MgO with a thickness of 200nm. Both sets of

samples were obtained by simultaneously three type TVA discharges. Because of the substrate positioning in

respect with the three anode-cathode systems, different material concentrations were obtained. Structural and

morphological properties were investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and

Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Electrical properties of the obtained samples were studied using the 4 point

measurement method, by applying a constant DC current through two of the points, and the other two were used

for reading the dropping voltage on the sample. The magnetic properties were first studied using a non-

destructive optical method called MOKE (Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect). Electrical resistance behavior of the

granular type structures was studied for different values of the magnetic field, up to 0.3 T. The study was made

for different values of the samples temperature. It was observed a high variation of the magnetic response in

respect with the temperature. The magnetoresistive effect measured for the two sets of samples varied from 1.5%

to 81 % in respect with the films relative concentrations and also with the samples temperature for a constant

magnetic field.

S2 P09

PURE BE AND BE-W MIXED THIN FILMS EXPOSED TO PISCES B DEUTERIUM PLASMA

I. JEPU1, C. POROSNICU

1, C.P. LUNGU

1, R. DOERNER

2, T. DITTMAR

2


2University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

1E-10 1E-9 1E-8 1E-7 1E-6 1E-5 1E-4 1E-3 0,01 0,1 1-1,0

-0,5

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0 C45

TiSiCN

TiSiCN+Cr

TiSiCN+Zr

Po

ten

tial

E (

V v

s A

g/A

gC

l)

Current density i (A/cm2)

0 100 200 300 400

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

dry sliding

saphire ball

0.15 m/s

5N load

400 m

TiSiCN

TiSiCN-Cr

TiSiCN-Zr

Friction c

oeffic

ient,

Sliding distance (m)


82

Pure Be and Be-W combinatorial thin films are used in order to obtain structures with the same

characteristics as the films that are deposited in different fusion reactor area. Pure beryllium and beryllium-

tungsten mixed thin films were obtained using Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) deposition method. The expected

concentration were about 60% - 40% (wt%) and 96%-4% (at%) for the Be-W combinatorial thin film. The total

thickness of the obtained thin film was of 4 µm. For the pure Be films, it was used the same set-up as in the

previous experiment. The difference consisted in applying on the substrate a negative bias voltage. For the same

working conditions, three different negative voltages have been applied: -430V, -1100V and -2000V

respectively. For both pure Be and Be-W combinatorial thin films, stainless steel polished substrates were used,

with a circular 25 mm in diameter shape.

In order to investigate deuterium retention and desorption in the pure beryllium and Be-tungsten

combinatorial thin films, it has been used the PISCES-B facility at the University of California in San Diego,

USA, which provided a steady-state, high flux (4.5 5E22 D ions m-2

s-1

) flowing plasma that simulates the

plasma flow conditions in ITER.

All of the Be-W samples were exposed mainly to the same deuterium plasma conditions, but for three different

fluences (D/cm2), 4.8E21, 1.65E22 and 3.7E22. For the pure Be thin films, the deuterium plasma conditions

were the same, but with two different fluences: 3.18E21 and 1.7E22 (D/cm2)

Morphological and structural studies were made before and after the plasma exposure using Scanning

Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Auger

Electron Spectroscopy. Deuterium retention in the samples was measured using programmed thermal desorption

mass spectroscopy. For both of the studied thin films it was used a linear temperature ramp with 0.3K up to 923

K and a hold time of 10 minutes at the maximum temperature.

S2 P10

APPLICATION OF PLASMA DISCHARGES IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY

P. CHIRU, C.P. LUNGU, I. JEPU, C. POROSNICU, A. M. LUNGU,


One efficient method for the local treatment of tumors nowadays is considered to be the photodynamic

therapy. A photosensitive substance is usually injected in the cancerous cells. Selective absorption by this

substance when subjected to the action of light with particular wavelength leads to the destruction of the

cancerous tissue [1]. A light source based on electrical discharges in argon and xenon gases which can be used in

photodynamic therapy has been developed [2].

A system that allows testing of different spectral tubes filled with Ar or Xe at variable gas pressure and

with different electrode configurations was conceived. An AC high voltage signal with a peak amplitude of ~

1kV and a frequency of 9.7 kHz was used to ignite the discharge.

The electron temperature was evaluated using the optical emission lines of Ar atoms. The method

consists in selecting two representative lines of Ar. Using the ratio of their relative intensities we estimated the

electron temperature of the produced plasma with a formula based on the Boltzmann distribution of the species.

The electron temperature was in the range of 0.4 -1.1 eV for the discharges produced in Ar at pressures below 10

torr, and 0.35-0.45 eV for discharge produced in Ar at presuress in the range of 10-6

torr.

The discharge tube was made of quartz and had a length of 110 mm and a diameter of 8 mm. The

electrodes were machined from pure tungsten rods and were mounted at the tube’s extremities. The electrical

discharge was powered by an in-house built high-voltage supply, which delivered an AC sine wave with a peak-

to-peak (p-p) amplitude of 1.3 kV and a frequency in the range of 5 to 10 kHz.

The gases used were spectrally pure argon and xenon and emission spectra in the range of 300 to 800

nm were recorded by collecting the ligh emitted by the disharge. The spectra were acquired and processed using

a SM240 CCD Spectrometer and a HR2000 High-resolution Miniature Fiber Optic Spectrometer.

In order to produce a photodynamic effect emission lines of Ar at 309.34 nm, 750.59 nm, 763.51 nm

and 811.53 nm and of Xe at 537.50 nm, 823, 16 nm, 873.90 nm were produced efficiently.

[1] L. Brancaleon and H. Moseley, Lasers in Medical Sciences 17, 173-186 (2002)

[2] J. G. Levy, Photodynamic therapy; Trends Biotechnol. 13 14–18 (1995)


83

S2 P11

GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PURE Mg AND Mg EMBEDDED IN

HYDROGEN-FREE AMORPHOUS CARBON (a-C) MATRIX

M. CONTULOV, R. VLADOIU, A. MANDES, G. PRODAN

Department of Plasma Physics, Faculty of Physics Chemistry Electronics and Oil Technology, Ovidius

University, Mamaia 124, Constanţa, 900527, Romania

In recent years, magnesium and magnesium-based materials have received much attention owning to

their potential use as structural materials, biomaterials, sacrificial anode materials and hydrogen storage

materials [1, 2].

However, the application is still limited because the wear resistance of magnesium products is not

nearly as good as steel in ambient and high temperatures. Therefore, there is a strong demand to improve the

surface treatment that can guarantee the wear resistance of the part in the aggressive atmosphere environment. In

general, surface treatments are used to improve the surface properties such as wear resistance and corrosion

resistance. One approach to overcome this major problem is the design of new protective coating systems.

Coating of the base material, providing a barrier between the material and its environment is one of the most

effective methods to protect it against corrosion. In order to have adequate corrosion protection, the coating must

adhere well to the substrate and must also be uniform, pore free and scratch resistant. One method to alter the

grain size of nanomaterials in a controlled way is to prepare composites of Mg and other materials such as MgC

composite.

The aim of the present work is to study and achieve the controlled synthesis of pure magnesium and

nanocrystalline magnesium embedded in hydrogen-free amorphous carbon (a-C) matrix. For this reason,

increasing attention has been put on the environmental friendly TVA technology in the last years, which is an

efficient method to create advanced materials at the frontier of science. TVA is an original method for deposition

of high purity thin films with compact structure and extremely smooth, just convenient for nanostructured film

synthesis despite of the high melting point of some materials: carbon, tungsten, tantalum pentoxide as well as

magnesium [3, 4].

The comparative results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of the nanocrystalline phase in the

coatings with use of High ResolutionTransmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) combined with image

analysis are given in this paper.

Keywords: Coating, Magnesium, Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNDI –

UEFISCDI, project number 160/2012, PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-1453.

References

[1] Brusciotti F., Snihirova D. V., Xue H., Montemor M. F., Lamaka S. V., M. G. S. Ferreira, Corrosion Science

67, 82 -90 (2013)

[2] R. Hu, S. Zhang, J. Bu, C. Lin, G. Song, Prog. Org. Coat. 73, 129–141 (2012)

[3] R. Vladoiu, V. Ciupina, A. Mandes, V. Dinca, M. Prodan, G. Musa, J. Appl. Phys. 108, no.9, 093301 (2010)

[4] R. Vladoiu, V. Ciupina, M. Contulov, A. Mandes, V. Dinca, G. Prodan, C.P. Lungu, J. Optoelectron. Adv. M

12, 553-556 (2010)

S2 P12

ZINC OXIDE OBTAINED BY PULSED LASER TEDOSITION, THERMIONIC VACUUM ARC AND

THERMAL EVAPORATION THIN FILMS CHARACTERIZATION

C. GHITULETE1, V. CIUPINA

1,2, C. POROSNICU

3, I. JEPU

3, A. MARCU

3, C. LUCULESCU

3,

1 University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania 2”Ovidius” University, Constanta, Romania

3National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, Romania

ZnO is one of the compounds studied actively in various fields due to its significant physical and

chemical properties. For example, ZnO has much attention as a host material for transparent conducting films

because impurity-doped ZnO films show high transparency above 90% the visible region and low electrical

resistivity.

It is very important to control the structural properties of the ZnO films for the applications. Most major


84

preparation methods for thin films can be used for the fabrication of ZnO thin films. Depending on the

application of ZnO thin films, a suitable preparation method is selected, and influence of the preparation

conditions on properties of ZnO thin films has to be elucidated.

In order to prepare high quality ZnO films was used thermionic vacuum arc (TVA) method [1]; a

carbon crucible filled with ZnO was used as an anode and a TVA gun composed by a tungsten heated filament

inside a Whenelt cylinder was used as a cathode. High voltage in the range of 0- 1500 V DC high voltage was

applied between electrodes. The electron beam focused by the Whenelt cylinder on the crucible melted and

evaporated ZnO. Bright plasma appeared after the breakdown voltage at 850 ± 50V. However, the oxide was not

stable due continuous electron bombardment and suspicions regarding the stoichiometry were raised. Therefore a

new setup was developed using just thermal evaporation where high current (700-800A) passes through the

crucible, heating and melting the material inside it. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method was also used since it

is well known to be a very good method to obtain thick transparent ZnO layers [2]. All the films were deposited

on glass and silicon substrates having various thicknesses from 50 to 200nm.

Structural and morphological properties were analyzed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and

optical transmission measurements. Electrical properties of the ZnO structures were analyzed using a four point

measurement system. Different electrical properties for each deposition method were observed. Each deposition

method has its advantage regarding the optical and electrical properties of the layers. This comparison is

presented in this work.

[1] C. P. Lungu, I. Mustata, V. Zaroschi et al., Phys. Scr. T128 (2007) 157

[2] Marcu, A., Enculescu, I., Vizireanu, et al. ,Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructure,

(2013), 597

S2 P13

DEUTERIUM PLASMA CHARACTERIZATION USED FOR FUSION RELATED MIXED FILMS

Corneliu POROSNICU1, Cristian STANCU

1, Vasile TIRON

2,Cristian LUNGU

1, Ionut JEPU

1

1 National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, Romania

2 “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”University, Iasi, Romania

During the operation of the nuclear fusion plant of tokamak type, some of the ions generated in the

deuterium discharge can escape from the plasma region and arrive to the walls of installation where they interact

with the material existing there, which is mostly made of tungsten, beryllium or a mixture of these two.

Therefore it is mostly important to study the interaction phenomena between the deuterium ions and

materials of the walls, particularly the deuterium retention within the solid material. Our laboratory uses the

TVA technology in order to deposit layers of tungsten, beryllium or of their combinations for inner wall of

fusion installations.

For a best simulation of nuclear fuel interaction with the walls during the operation of ITER, the

deuterium gas flux must be ionized and the generated ions be accelerated towards the in situ deposited sample.

This acceleration is accomplished by applying different negative bias potentials on the substrate, which allow

different energy to the ions bombarding the just forming beryllium-tungsten layer. These energies must be as

much as possible near the deuterium energies present in the fusion power plant.

In order to simulate as real as possible, the phenomena appearing at the first wall of the fusion device,

we built a special small device, able to generate deuterium ions simultaneously with the beryllium and tungsten

deposition, and to accelerate them towards the substrate. A constant deuterium flux is directed through a glass

tube between two metallic electrodes made of a tungsten central wire and a stainless steel external cylinder. In

the present configuration with metallic electrodes, the plasma can be generated both by DC or AC voltages. For

the current experiments the applied voltages were of the pulse forms which repeated with different frequencies

changed from the pulse generator.

Emission spectra in the range of 300 to 800 nm were recorded by collecting the light emitted by the

discharge. Two intense emission lines are observed at 486 and 656 nm. D2 molecular spectra are also observed,

in three broad emission peaks. The intensity of the deuterium spectra lines (atomic and molecular) increased with

the input power, suggesting that the excited population increases at the same flux. Also, decreasing the frequency

of the pulses, a decrease of the intensity of the emission lines is observed.

Plasma potential temporal evolution, measured during the symmetry axe of the electrode system. This

evolution shows a very powerful dynamics of plasma potential, with positive values on almost the entire

temporal range between two pulses. The plasma was characterized regarding the deuterium flux, frequency and

input power. Spatial distributions (on axial course) for plasma potential measured at working frequencies are

presented. For distances higher than 10 mm from the torch nozzle it can be observed a slightly increase of the

average value for plasma potential at a higher repetition frequency of voltage pulses.


85

S2 P14

EVALUATION OF SILVER AND TITANIUM CARBIDES THIN FILMS WETTABILITY BY MEANS

OF CONTACT ANGLE MEASUREMENTS

DINCA Virginia, VLADOIU Rodica, CONTULOV Mirela

Dep. of Plasma Physics, Faculty of Physics, Chemistry, Electronics and Oil Technology,

Ovidius University, Mamaia 124, Constanta, 900527, Romania

The present work describes the wettability characteristics by means of contact angle measurements of the

solid silver and titanium carbides thin films. By using Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) technology, the carbides

thin films were deposited on glass substrates.

The samples were obtained by Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) deposition technology, with a set-up that

enables to fabricate specimens with a very fine microstructure. Due to the high vacuum conditions and the

bombardment with energetic ions of the depositing layers, the obtained films have high purity and compact

structure. [1, 2]

The deposition of a coating on a solid generates new interfaces between dissimilar materials and involves

considerations of wettability, spreading, and interface evolution. The obtained silver and titanium carbides

coatings were homogeneous and crack free.

The wettability of a solid by a liquid is characterized in terms of surface free energy calculated from the

contact angle that the liquid makes on the solid. The contact angle for spread liquid droplets was determined

from the side view and during the measurements the room temperature was 250

C. The testing liquids were

water, ethylene glycol and formamide and the surface free energy of the deposited films has been calculated by

mean of Owens Wendt (Lifshitz–Van der Waals) method. This method enables to determine the electron–

acceptor and electron–donor parameters of the surface energy. [3, 4]

The total surface energy is a sum of apolar (γLW

) and polar (γAB

) component. The surface free energies were

72.34 mJ/m2 for TiC/glass and 23.18 mJ/m

2 for CAg/glass, indicating a good hydrophobic character for C-Ag

film and a hidrophilic one for the TiC film. This study analyzed the surface free energy components and the

wettability of deposited C metal films on the same substrate and by the same deposition method.

Acknowledgments: This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific

Research, CNDI– UEFISCDI, project number 160/2012, PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-1453

References

1. R. Vladoiu, V. Ciupina, A. Mandes, V. Dinca, M. Prodan, G. Musa, J. Appl. Phys., 108 (2010) 093301

2. R. Vladoiu, A. Mandes, V. Dinca, M. Contulov, V. Ciupina, C. P. Lungu, G. Musa, “Investigation of

DLC and multilayer coatings hydrophobic character for biomedical applications” in “New Industrial Plasma

Technology” by Wiley-VCH, (2009) 357

3. A.W. Neumann, R.J. Good, Surface and Colloid Science, vol. II, ed. R.J. Good and R.R. Stromberg

(New York: Plenum Press, 1979)

4. V. Bursikova, P. St’ahel, Z. Navratil, J. Bursik, J. Janca (2004), Surface energy evaluation of plasma

treated materials by contact angle measurement.

S2 P15

SUBSTRATE INFLUENCE ON THE PROPERTIES OF SIC THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY

THERMIONIC VACUUM ARC (TVA) METHOD

Aurelia MANDES, Rodica VLADOIU, Virginia DINCA, Gabriel PRODAN and Victor CIUPINA

Dep. of Plasma Physics, Faculty of Physics, Chemistry, Electronics and Oil Technology, Ovidius University,

Mamaia 124, Constanta, 900527, Romania

Modern technology has placed demands for increasing mechanical and chemical capability in materials used

for a variety of technological and commercial applications. As a result of recent improvement in technologies the

optimization of the material combination and deposition parameters is always a challenging subject for each

element or combination of elements.

The aim of this paper is focused on growth and characterization of silicon carbide (SiC) protective coatings

onto tree different substrates (Si, glass and stainless steel OLC 45) by using Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA)

technique. The phase composition, surface, electrical and morphology of the nanostructured SiC thin films were

investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron

microscopy. Also, the contact angles and free surface energy were determined by means of Surface Energy


86

Evaluation System (See System). The achieved results of the SiC thin films reveal a hydrophilic character

(contact angle of 76.620 for SiC/Si), high uniformity (grain size diameter ~ 23 nm) and smoothness with

promising interest for micro/nano-electromechanical system (M/NEMS) and biomedical applications.

In this way, the SiC protective coatings obtained by Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) method offer

convincing advantages for a large range of industrial applications.

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research,

CNDI–UEFISCDI, project number 160/2012, PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-1453.

References

[1] H. Jafari, N. Ehsani, S.A. Khalifeh-Soltani, M. Jalaly, “Nano-SiC/SiC anti-oxidant coating on the surface

of graphite”, Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 264, pp.128– 132, Ian. 2013.

[2] A.Barna, S. Gurban, L. Kotis, J. Labar, A. Sulyok, A. L. Toth, M. Menyhard, J. Kovac, P. Panjan, ” Growth

of amorphous SiC film on Si by means of ion beam induced mixing”, Appl. Surf. Sci, vol. 263, pp. 367–372,

Oct. 2012.

[3] R. Vladoiu, A. Mandes, V. Dinca, M. Contulov, V. Ciupina, C.P.Lungu, G. Musa, “Investigation of DLC

and multilayer coatings hydrophobic character for biomedical applications”, New Industrial Plasma Technology,

Ed. Wiley –VCH, 2010, pp. 357-365

S2 P16

A COMPARATIVE MATHEMATICAL APPROACH FOR THE KRAMERS–KRONIG METHOD’

IMPLEMENTATION. CASE STUDY OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Bi2O3

Gabriel MURARIU1, Adrian DINESCU

2, Simona CONDURCHE – BOTA

1

1. Physics, Chemistry and Environment Department, Science Faculty, "Dunǎrea de Jos" University, Galaţi,

Romania, No. 111 Street Domneascǎ, 800201 Galaţi, Romania

2 National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies -IMT Bucharest

The optical reflectance of Bi2O3 was measured, and the optical properties were estimated basing on the

Kramers–Kronig transformation. The novelty of the present paper is due to the implementation of a complete

MATLAB software approach in order to cover the complex computations implied by this extrapolation. The

analytical fit of the reflectance spectrum is applied, accompanied by a careful extrapolation, which is necessary

within the Kramers–Kronig transformation. In this way, were considered two different mathematical approach.

The study is implemented for Bi2O3 films deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation at different temperatures of

the glass substrates and the comparison with the experimental data set being made using the transmission and the

reflection optical spectra.

S2 P17

HERALDED BELL STATE CREATION USING GHZ STATES

O. DĂNILĂ and P. E. STERIAN

Optics Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Polytechnical University of Bucharest, 060082, Bucharest,

Romania, e-mail: [email protected]

Quantum cryptography has come to rely even more strongly on the innate phenomenon known as

entanglement. Known at first as a “spooky action at a distance”, as Einstein indicated, entanglement manifests

itself as a complex intertwinement of different observables of two quantum particles (e.g. polarization, energy)

which persists at arbitrarily long distances between the quantum particles. Manipulation of these observables

yielded coherent transmission of information, over increasingly longer distances (up to several hundred

kilometers). Due to the quantum nature of the information carriers, any unauthorized measurement of the state

will irreversibly project the said state onto an arbitrary basis, introducing an effective qubit error rate in the

exchange of information. This special property makes the qubits perfect candidates for use in quantum existing

quantum cryptography protocols. By construction, in the case of an eavesdropper, the two legitimate participants

set a qubit error rate threshold, over which the conversation is dropped. A slight disadvantage is that this

threshold can never reach zero, because even the environment may add some errors in the final qubit string. This

implies that should an optimal attack that does not break the threshold value be devised, the eavesdropper is able

to intercept the qubits undetected. Recent studies also show that an optimal attack on the quantum channel may


87

be able to replace a noisy channel with a cleaner one in order to be situated below the error threshold when

verification is made. With this new potential threat, new communication security measures must be devised.

This paper proposes that apart from the two qubits the participants share, another qubit is created simultaneously,

and stored in an adjacent console, without any access from an outside source. Query of that control qubit may be

done internally, for absolute key integrity verification purposes. This can reduce the theoretical threshold over

which quantum key exchange is dropped to zero, making an absolute a posteriori verification of the secret key.

The paper is organized as follows: section II outlines the theoretical background of entanglement, section III

treats the implementation and simulation of the proposed quantum key distribution scheme, and section IV draws

the conclusions on the feasibility and advantages of the proposed scheme.

Section 3 – NUCLEAR AND SUB-NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND APPLICATIONS

88

SECTION

S3 – Nuclear and sub-Nuclear Physics and Applications Nuclear and subnuclear sciences and Engineering






89

INVITED LECTURES

S3 L01

PHOTOREACTION STUDIES PERFORMED WITH LASER COMPTON SCATTERING

GAMMA SOURCES

Dan FILIPESCU

National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering "Horia Hulubei"

Atomistilor nr. 407, Bucharest-Magurele, P.O.BOX MG6

The gamma source that will be installed at ELI-NP research facility will provide within the next years

photon beams of unprecedented quality with respect to both photon intensity and spectral intensity, thus

exceeding the performance of existing facilities by several orders of magnitude. This tremendous progress will

be enabled by Compton-backscattering of an intense laser on a high quality electron beam. We envisage to

employ these gamma beams for photofission studies on extremely deformed nuclear states of actinides,

investigating their multiple-humped potential energy landscape in a highly selective way. On the other hand,

these quasimonochromatic beams are also suited for photoneutron reaction studies on isotopes of great

astrophysics and applications interest. The talk will present the results of some test experiments performed at

HIGS and New SUBARU facilities.

S3 L02

NUCLEAR DIPOLE DYNAMICS WITHIN MICROSCOPIC TRANSPORT MODELS

V. BARAN

University of Bucharest, Theoretical Physics, Mathematics, Optics, Plasma, Lasers Department, P.O.

Box MG-11, RO – 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

Modern experimental facilities evidenced recently new collective phenomena in nuclear exotic systems.

A dipole response centred at energies well below the Giant Dipole Resonance was identified for several neutron

rich nuclei. Considering a transport approach based on Landau-Vlasov equation we investigate the collective

features of this mode, named Pygmy Dipole Resonance, as well as its dependence on the nuclear equation of

state in the isovector sector.

S3 L03

COLLECTIVE EFFECTS IN NUCLEAR COLLISIONS AT RELATIVISTIC ENERGIES

Catalin RISTEA1,2

, Oana RISTEA1, Alexandru JIPA

1, Calin BESLIU

1

1 Faculty of Physics University of Bucharest, 077125, Magurele, Romania

2 Institute of Space Science, Magurele, Romania

*Corresponding address: [email protected]

Heavy-ion collisions at high energies offer an unique opportunity to probe highly excited dense nuclear

matter and study its properties. In these collisions a large number of particles of different types is produced.

Current understanding of such collisions suggest that the production of a QGP phase in relativistic heavy ion

collisions could produce significant event-by-event correlations and fluctuations in transverse momentum,

multiplicity, etc. Therefore it is important to analyze fluctuations of multiplicities (net-protons, net-strangeness,

total protons) for different energies and centralities and search for anomalous behaviour due to a phase transition.

Intrinsic fluctuations of the system temperature could arise from fluctuations in existing small parts of a hadronic

system with respect to the whole system or from event-by-event type. Such fluctuations were investigated using

the Tsallis distribution for Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies and for lower energies. The multiplicity

distributions of different types of particles produced in simulated Au+Au collisions using UrQMD model at

energies ranging from 2 – 200 AGeV were analyzed and the moments of the distributions were calculated. The

centrality and beam energy dependence of the moments of multiplicity distributions will be shown and

discussed.


90

S3 L04

RELATIVISTIC EFFECTS IN ATOM-LASER INTERACTION

Madalina BOCA, Viorica FLORESCU

University of Bucharest, Department of Physics

We consider two applications of the recently published relativistic generalization of the Kramers-Henneberger

approximation [1], an approach that shows that, for initially low energy electrons, the Dirac equation in the

presence of an atomic potential V and a very intense laser field is equivalent to a Schrodinger-like equation

which contains a modified time dependent atomic potential,

The function R is the classical trajectory of the electron in the laser pulse. The equation is valid for plane-wave

laser pulses with arbitrary intensity and shape, if the initial state contains only low momentum Fourier

components.

In the first part of our work we study, based on the numerical integration of the equation written above, the

dependence of the ionization probability on the laser field intensity and we compare with the results we obtain

by adopting each of the two approximations: non relativistic dipole approximation and non relativistic

approximation with the first order retardation correction included. Our calculations focus on high frequency and

short laser pulses. The numerical integration of the Schrodinger equation is performed on a cartesian grid, using

the split-operator method. We show that in the relativistic regime the retardation effects are the main cause of the

complete ionization of the atom, destroying the stabilization.

In the second part we apply an unitary transformation to the Schrodinger-like equation above which leads to

a new equation with the Hamiltonian periodic in time. For this new Hamiltonian, we discuss the Floquet

problem and calculate the quasienergy of the dressed ground state. In this purpose, we integrate the Schrodinger

equation for a laser pulse consisting in a very long turn-on, followed by a constant amplitude part. During the

turn-on the system evolves adiabatically, being at any moment in the (intensity dependent) Floquet state

originating from the ground state of the atom. Next, during the constant part of the field, which starts at t=0, the

system remains in the Floquet state; the autocorrelation of the wavefunction has the structure

where W is the

complex quasienergy and F(t) is a periodic function with the period T of the laser field. From the autocorelation

function calculated along several periods of the laser field, we extract the quasienergy W and compare the results

with those predicted by the non relativistic high frequency Floquet theory (see, for example [2]).

[1] Madalina Boca, Viorica Florescu, Mihai Gavrila, Phys. Rev. A 85, 023425 (2012)

[2] Mihai Gavrila in Atoms in intense laser fields, ed. M. Gavrila, Academic Press 1992.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S3 OP1

PROMPT EMISSION MODELING IN THE FISSION PROCESS

Iuliana VISAN1,2

, Georgiana GIUBEGA1, Anabella TUDORA

1

1 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Bucharest-Magurele,Romania

2 Institute for Nuclear Research, Mioveni-Pitesti, Romania

[email protected]

The determinist Point-by-Point model is considered today one of the most powerful approaches for the prompt

neutron and gamma-ray emission. It provides almost all quantities characterizing both the fission fragments and

the prompt emission. The primary results of the model consist in the so-called multi-parametric matrices,


91

meaning many quantities as a function of fragment (Z, A) and as a function of total kinetic energy (TKE). These

matrices do not depend on fragment distributions. The fragmentation range plays a very important role. This is

built by taking into account all mass pairs covering a convenient range (from symmetric fission up to a far

asymmetric split), for each mass pair usually two up to four fragments being considered with the charge numbers

Z as the nearest integers above and below the most probable charge (taken as UCD corrected with a possible

charge polarization). For each fragment of the fragmentation range all quantities are calculated at TKE values

covering a convenient range.

The model is based on the neutron evaporation from fully accelerated fission fragments, the sequential neutron

emission being taken into account by the fragment residual temperature distribution. The compound nucleus

cross-section of the inverse process of neutron evaporation from the nuclei of the fragmentation range is

provided by optical model calculations using phenomenological potential parameterizations adequate for nuclei

appearing as fission fragments. The partition of total excitation energy (TXE) between fully accelerated

complementary fragments is obtained from the modeling at scission. This is based on the calculation of extra-

deformation energy at scission (with deformability provided by liquid drop model with shell corrections and

deformation parameters from Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations) and available excitation energy at scission

shared by assuming thermodynamical equilibrium at scission and fragment level density description by Fermi-

Gas. The level density parameters of fragments at scission and full acceleration are calculated in the frame of the

generalized super-fluid model.

By averaging the multi-parametric matrices over the fragment mass, charge and TKE distributions it is possible

to obtain fragment and prompt emission quantities as a function of fragment mass number (such as multiplicity

ν(A), prompt gamma-ray energy Eγ(A)), average quantities as a function of TKE (such as <ν>(TKE), <ε>(TKE))

or total average quantities (such as <ν>tot, <Eγ>, prompt gamma multiplicity <nγ>) as a function of the incident

energy.

The PbP model was successfully applied to many spontaneous and neutron induced fissioning systems, such as 252

Cf(SF), 236-244

Pu(SF), 244,248

Cm(SF), 233,234,235,236,238

U(n,f), 239

Pu(n,f), 237

Np(n,f), 231-233

Pa(n,f), 232

Th(n,f)), being

validated by the excellent description of all existing experimental data. The evaluation of total average prompt

neutron multiplicity and spectra required in all fission applications are also based on the Point-by-Point model.

S3 OP2

DESCRIPTION OF Pt EVEN-EVEN ISOTOPES WITHIN A SOLVABLE MODEL FOR THE

QUADRUPOLE INTRINSIC VARIABLES

A. A. RADUTA and P. BUGANU

Department of Theoretical Physics, IFIN-HH, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania

The isotope chain $^{180-196}$Pt is analyzed with a recent proposed solvable model for the quadrupole

intrinsic variables, in order to see its shape evolution and whether or not a shape coexistence occurs. Moreover,

numerical results for energy spectra and reduced E2 transition probabilities of each involved isotope are

provided and compared with the corresponding experimental data.

S3 OP3

MULTIPLE BACKBENDING IN EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI

R. BUDACA and A. A. RADUTA

Department of Theoretical Physics, IFIN-HH, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania

The phenomenon of double backbending is semi-microscopically investigated based on the mixing of four

rotational bands. Each rotational band is defined by a set of angular momentum projected particle-core product

states with a specific single-particle factor function, and a model Hamiltonian describing a set of paired particles

moving in a deformed mean field and interacting with a phenomenological deformed core. The projected states

are deformed and not orthogonal but can be used to construct an orthogonal basis. The lowest eigenvalues of the

model Hamiltonian in this orthogonal basis define the yrast band. Due to this specific construction, the total

wave function acquires a complex structure which allows a quantitative description of the yrast states and their

electromagnetic properties in the region of the two backbendings.


92

S3 OP4

QUARTET CONDENSATION AND NEUTRON-PROTON PAIRING IN ATOMIC NUCLEI

N. SANDULESCU (1), D. NEGREA (1), C. W. JOHNSON (2)

1) Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, P.O.Box MG-6, 76900 Bucharest, Romania

2) San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-1233

It is shown how proton-neutron pairing in N=Z nuclei is accurately described by a quartet condensate made out

of two neutrons and two protons coupled to total isospin T=0. These four-body correlations are very important

also for nuclei away of N=Z line. For nuclear systems with an excess of like-nucleon pairs, the condensate of

alpha-like quartets coexists with the extra ordinary Cooper pairs. Comparisons with exact solvable models and

with exact shell model calculations show that the quartet condensation model describes with high accuracy the

ground state of nuclei with valence protons and neutrons moving in the same major shell. Applications are made

for valence nucleons above the closed cores 16O, 40Ca and 100Sn. It is shown that the quartet condensation

model is much more accurate than the PBCS approximation with two pair condensates, one formed by neutron-

proton pairs and the other by neutron-neutron and proton-proton pairs.

S3 OP5

SOURCES OF NUCLEAR MATTER JETS IN He+Cu RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS

Danut ARGINTARU, Madalin CHERCIU, Eliodor CONSTANTINESCU

Constanta Maritime University

In a few previous works [1-4] we analyzed the competition between different particle production mechanisms in

nucleus–nucleus collisions at 4.5 A GeV/c, like: hydrodynamic models, thermodynamic models, intranuclear

cascades and cumulative production. We found hydrodynamic specific effects (the bounce-off of the projectile

and of target spectator fragments and the squeeze–out or the splash–out of participant matter), as well as jets of

nuclear matter. In this work we made a comparison of the characteristics of nuclear matter jets from He +Cu

relativistic nuclear collisions (SKM200 JINR Dubna Collaboration) and the nuclear matter jets detected in

simulated collisions with the GEANT4 simulator. The results show us a similitude of properties (momentum

distributions, angular distributions, etc.) of real and simulated jets. At this energy of projectile the mechanism of

interaction seems to be the intranuclear cascades one. The nonjet events present some different properties,

indicating collective phenomena.

[1] C. Besliu et al. - Nucl.Phys.A672: 446-474, 2000;

[2] C. Beşliu et al. - Eur. Phys. J. A1 (1998) 65-75.

[3] C. Beşliu et al - Rom. J. Phys. 43(1-2) (1998) 489-500.

[4] C. Beşliu et al -Rom. Rep. Phys. 49(5-7) (1997) 531-544.

POSTERS

S3 P01

ACCURATE DETERMINATION OF CONVERTING COEFFICIENT OF GAMMA RAY DETECTION

TO FAST NEUTRON

COUNTING IN NE102 PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR BY MCNP CODE

AMIN ATTARZADEH* BEHNAM MAHDIAN**

* The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR – Ahwaz – Iran.

** The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR – Ahwaz – Iran


93

Due to the extraordinary efficiency of plastic scintillator detector in fast neutrons detection and its capability to

discriminate fast neutrons from gamma-ray photons in scintillation, it is necessary to examine how the

calibration is performed. Whereas the single energy gamma- ray source is used to calibration of detector, it is

important to determine the converting coefficient of gamma- neutron accurately. In this study the situation of

detector simulated with MCNP code and not only the conversion coefficient is determined but also its relation

with the size and shape of plastic scintillator is investigated.

Keywords: NE102 plastic scintillator, calibration, convert coefficient, MNCP.

S3 P02

CENTRALITY DERTEMINATION IN HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS

Valerica BABAN1, Alexandru JIPA

1

1Bucharest University Faculty of Physics

The aim of this paper is to present an update regarding the feasibility of centrality determination

between 2GeV/u and 15 GeV/u Au-Au collisions in the CBM experiment. The Compressed Baryonic Matter –

CBM experiment is a fix target heavy - ion experiment designed to investigate, in the near future, the proprieties

of highly compressed baryonic matter produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions at SIS100 and SIS300 accelerator

of the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany. The goal of the experiment is to

explore the phase diagram of nuclear matter at very high net baryonic densities and moderate temperatures . In

the first stage of the experiment energies from 2GeV/u to 15 GeV/u will be investigate.

In heavy-ion collisions centrality can be correlated with the impact parameter which describe the

geometry of the collision and therefore is a good criterion to divide and analyze data. In the CBM experiment

case we use two parameters two evaluate the centrality , the charge multiplicity measured by STS detector and

the forward energy deposited in the PSD detector. Correlations between these two detectors are made and

multivariate analysis techniques with ROOT is used.

S3 P03

NEUTRINO INTERACTIONS IN NOBLE GASES

Daniela CHESNEANU1

1National Institute for Nuclear Physics and Engineering, P.O.Box MG-6, RO-077125 Bucharest-

Magurele, Romania, E-mail: [email protected]

Neutrinos are very special particles produced in very different processes in nuclear and particle physics,

and also are messengers from astrophysical objects, as well as relics from Early Universe and can give us

information on processes happening in the Universe, during its evolution, which cannot be studied otherwise.

Detection of this astrophysical neutrino was realised using massive underground detectors, all based on the use

of large mass of liquids (including noble gases) who can be considered as sort of observatories for this rare

physics phenomena.

Noble gases have several advantages that make them very attractive as detection media for ionization

detectors. First of all, they are available in large amounts as byproducts of the oxygen production for the steel

industry. Argon is the third most abundant gas in the atmosphere following nitrogen and oxygen. The pure noble

gases are available in large quantities and noble gas detectors are scalable, allowing the construction of large

detectors that operate in accordance with principles explored using small prototypes. The second, noble gases

can be relatively easy purified. For detection of penetration radiation, the most popular are heavy noble gases:

argon (Ar), krypton (Kr) and xenon (Xe) because of their inherent high stopping power. These properties have

been extensively studied over the years and significant progress has been made in understanding the underlying

physics as well as on development of the associated technologies, notably gas purification, material cleaning,

cooling, photon and charge detection. A wide spectrum of applications has been considered involving dark

matter (DM) searches and coherent neutrino scattering (CNS) detection. For that reason, within the past few

years, in Romania, many studies have been made to determine the neutrino properties [1-7]. The analysis

presented here has the same purpose and was realized using simulation programs.

Object-Oriented programs [8,9] are toolkit supported and developed by international collaborations of

experts. This programs allowed us to generate neutrinos of different flavors and to study neutrino interactions

with noble gases. Simulation in particle physics is a computer-aided method of modeling particle interactions


94

with an aim to predict results of experiment. Simulations are used to evaluate the feasibility and physics reach of

proposed experiments, optimize the detector design, analyze the collected data samples and evaluate systematic

errors.

In this work we did a comparative analysis over different energy ranges (solar, accelerator, and

atmospheric neutrinos) and the obtained results will be presented in this communication.

[1] A. Saftoiu et al., Rom. J. Phys., 56, 664, 2011. [2] A. M. Apostu et al., Rom. Rep. Phys., 63, 220, 2011. [3] G.

Toma et al., Rom. Rep. Phys., 63, 383, 2011. [4] B. Mitrica et al., Rom. Rep. Phys., 62, 750, 2010

[5] D. Chesneanu, AIP Conf. Proc.1304, 489-493, 2010. [6] D. Chesneanu et al., Rom. Rep. Phys.,64, no. 3, 2012.

[7] D. Chesneanu et al., Rom. J. Phys., 57, no.7-8, 2012.

[8] C. Andreopoulos et al., Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A, vol. 614, pp. 87-104, 2010. [9] S. Agostinelli et al., Nuclear

Instruments and Methods A 506, pp. 250-30, 2003.

S3 P04

LOW ACTIVITY POSITRON SOURCES PRODUCED WITH A PET CYCLOTRON

L. S. CRACIUN1, R. G. RATA

2, C. CIMPEANU, C. IONESCU

1, M. STRATICIUC

1, I. BURDUCEA

1, P. M

RACOLTA1, A.T. SERBAN

1

1Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania

2International Institute for Accelerator Applications West Building, University of Huddersfield Queensgate,

Huddersfield, GB

To extend the nuclear physics applications and to perform the study of vacancy – type defects in metals,

semiconductors, polymers etc., we decide to promote positron annihilation techniques. In order to this goal we

started a project of dedicated positron sources produced at the IFIN-HH using TR-19 PET Cyclotron. Activities

as low as 4x105 Bq (10 μCi) are sufficient for conventional Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS)

and Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy (CDBS). The principal stage to obtain these sources consists

in the target irradiation to prepare a specific radioactive species through a particular nuclear reaction. The

irradiation can be accomplished using a cyclotron beam. One strong constraint in this work is to find optimal

solutions taking into account the small / medium size cyclotron model available at IFIN-HH. 22

Na is the

preferred isotope due to its long half life (2.6 a), easy to handle in water solution as 22

NaCl or 22

Na2CO3, and

relatively moderate price. In the same time 22

Na has a β+ decay:

22Na →

22Ne + β

+ + νe + γ (1.27MeV) (>90% in

β decay). 1.27 MeV γ appears almost simultaneously with positron - can be used as start event for lifetime

spectroscopy. For production of 22

Na at a small cyclotron the 22

Ne(p,n)22

Na reaction seems to be very promising.

This paper reports Monte Carlo Simulations for the excitation function for the (p.n) nuclear reaction on natural

neon at the proton energy up to 19MeV. A difficult problem we tried to solve it is target processing At EOB, the

neon is either released or trapped, and the target walls can be washed with a very dilute solution to recover the 22

Na. The abundance of the 22

Ne in the natural neon is less than 10% but for small scale production natural neon

gas may be used as target. If enriched neon is used, then the target material should be recovered via cryogenic

trapping.

References:

[1] C. Cimpeanu, L. Craciun, E. Dragulescu, D. Dudu, N.Miron, P.M. Racolta, D. Voiculescu, “22Na Positron

Source for Annihilation Positron Spectroscopy”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Application of

High Precision Atomic & Nuclear Methods, Neptun, Romania, September 2-6, 2002, p 147

[2] C. Cimpeanu, L. Craciun, D. Dudu, P. M. Racolta, I. Mihalcea, “The manufacturing and the chemical

separation of Na-22 radioactive isotope used in the obtaining of a (NaCl)-Na22 positron source”, Revista de

chimie, 56 (5): 499-501 May 2005

[3] Takács, S., Tárkányi, F., Qaim, S.M., “Excitation function of 22Ne(p, n)22Na reaction: Possibility of

production of 22Na at a small cyclotron”, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 47 (1996) 303–307.

S3 P05

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE TO INCREASE THE

IRRADIATION CAPABILITIES FOR TR-19 CYCLOTRON IN IFIN-HH

L. S. CRACIUN1, R. G. RATA

2, C. IONESCU

1, D. NICULAE

1

1Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Romania


95

2International Institute for Accelerator Applications West Building, University of Huddersfield Queensgate,

Huddersfield, GB

In the last four years in the frame of a large infrastructure development project in IFIN-HH was build a new

investment “The Radiopharmaceutical Research Centre (RRC)”. The major equipment of the Center is a state-of-

the-art cyclotron TR19 manufactured by Canadian company ACSI. The TR19 is a very flexible cyclotron

because of the variable energy proton beam extraction (14-19MeV) and the highest performing radioisotope

production cyclotrons in the field boasting >300 microamps of extracted beam current. The dual beam

construction of the cyclotron allowed equipping the machine with a specifically conceived 6 m long external

beam line, ending in a separate bunker (the experimental hall). For this reason the machine can provide beams

for routine 18

F production as well as for radiochemistry and radio-pharmacy developments, novel detector,

radiation biophysics, and radioprotection. This facility will offer unique opportunities for R&D in the area of

radiochemistry, material science, isotope production and their applications. In this work, the main elements of

the accelerator facility will be briefly described and the beam lines development plan in the experimental hall

will be presented. This report summarizes the results of the Monte Carlo simulation performed in order to study

the neutron and photon ambient dose equivalents around the target selector at the end of the external beam line in

the experimental hall. The goal of this calculus is to estimate the local shielding arround the irradiated target in

order to reduce the radiation dose outside of the bunker.

References:

[1] Facure A., França W. “Optimal shielding design for bunkers of compact cyclotrons used in the production of

medical radionuclides”, Med. Phys. 37 (1) 6332-6337, December 2010

[2] Facure A “Monte Carlo Simulation of TR 1 9shielding (Bucharest project), Adnaced Cyclotron System Inc.,

Richmond, Canada, May 2011

[3] L. S. Craciun, D. Niculae, A. T. Serban, I. Ursu, C. Ivan, C. Ionescu, P. M. Racolta, E. Barna, “The new

TR19 Cyclotron facility in IFIN-HH for medical and scientific research needs”, 2nd European Nuclear Physics

Conference - EuNPC 2012, September 17-21, 2012, Bucharest

S3 P06

GROSS ALPHA ACTIVITY DETERMINATION IN LIQUID EFFLUENTS

USING LIQUID SCINTILLATION COUNTING

R. I. DOBRIN, C. N. DULAMA, AL. TOMA, C. N. CIOCIRLAN, S. M. STOICA

Institute for Nuclear Research, Pitesti, PO Box 78, Romania

To ensure that the operation of the nuclear facilities have no significant radiological effects on the public and the

environment around the sites, the requirements of the regulatory bodies have imposed maximum levels for the

radioactive releases. A special attention is given to alpha emitters, which have long half-lives and high radio-

toxicities. So, in accordance with the requirements of regulations, the detection limit of the method used to

assess the total alpha activity concentration in liquid discharges should be lower than 1Bq/L. Traditionally, alpha

particles have been quantitated with ZnS(Ag) scintillation detectors, gas flow proportional counters (GPC) and

by alpha spectroscopy, performed by surface-barrier detectors. All of these methods measure solid samples on

planchets. Sample preparation is a difficult problem because of the self-absorption of the alpha particle by the

sample matrix or by the alpha particle itself. Several complicated and long procedures, including precipitation,

filtration, chromatography, extraction, and stripping are required to separate the alpha emitting nuclides of

interest from the sample matrix. In addition, evaporation, electrodeposition, and vacuum sublimation are

necessary to prepare the samples for accurate analysis by one of these methods. These combined procedures are

labor intensive and time consuming. They result in low counting efficiencies, low recoveries, and poor

reproducibility. Recently, a new method was developed to measure alpha activity in liquid samples. The method

combines Eichrom’s extraction technology based on a special resin (Actinide Resin) with liquid scintillation

counting (LSC). The approach to the gross alpha activity measurement in liquid samples based on this method is

presented in this paper. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the performances of the method and to optimise

the procedure of the sample preparation. A series of tests was performed to validate the extraction procedure of

alpha emitting radionuclides in aqueous samples with Actinide Resin, principally regarding to the contact time

required to extract all alfa nuclides. The influence of other potentially interfering factors (quality of liquid

scintillator, acid type used to bring the sample to the desired pH, etc.) was also observed. The main conclusions

were that a minimum 20 hours stirring time is needed to achieve a 100% percent recovery of the alpha nuclides

and that the counting efficiency is not influenced by the level of quench in samples. Spectral data showed that in

spite of an obvious shift to lower energy of the spectra, 100% counting efficiency was maintained irrespective of


96

level of quench in the samples. The method is quick and allows for detection limits lower than 1 Bq/L Alpha

activity concentrations of about 0.25 Bq/L were measured with accuracy better than 13% in only 60 minutes

counting time. The minimum detectable concentration of 0.056 Bq/L can be achieved with a 60 minute counting

time using 500 mL water aliquots. The sample preparation is faster and the detection limit is lower than in the

case of traditional GPC method.

S3 P07

LESSONS LEARNED IN APPLYING RADIOPROTECTION PROGRAMME IN THE CONTROLLED

AND SURVEILLED AREA OF WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES

GH. DOGARU, F. DRAGOLICI, M. NICU, L. IONASCU

«Horia Hulubei» National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering – IFIN-HH,

P.O. Box MG-6, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania

After 40 years of operation, the Radioactive Waste Treatment Plant (STDR) from the National Institute of R&D

for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), enter in a complex up-grading process which implies activities

to be developed in the controlled area by external workers. In this sense, STDR-IFIN-HH develop and apply a

radioprotection programme devoted to external workers have the scope to assure the radiological security, a key

issue in all nuclear activities.

The programme have clear objectives in elaborating and developing certain rules regarding the access

in the controlled area of the visitors, transport devices and equipments, as well as entrance of goods, work with

open fire, rules regarding work health and security, preventive medical examination, dangerous substances

manipulation, traffic into and out from the controlled area of devices and equipments.

In the radiological installation - Waste Treatment Plant, are implemented operational radioprotection measures

regarding the zoning layout, access control, technological ventilation system which assure a controlled

depression system, minimization of the radiation levels in the working areas, individual exposure and internal

contamination monitoring, personal training, others. A specificity of the works carried out with external workers

is the fact that during the training programme, is observed a major interest in learning and owning the

radioprotection rules, but, in relative short time routine became a fact and the rules are often forgotten and

breaked.

Having in mind that the workers protection against radiation effects and minimization of the above

related aspects are a major objective, the periodic surveillance and training of the external workers is mandatory.

S3 P08

STUDY OF THE CONDITIONING MATRICES FOR ALUMINIUM RADIOACTIVE WASTES

L. IONASCU, M. NICU, C. TURCANU, F. DRAGOLICI, GH. ROTARESCU

“Horia Hulubei” National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, P.O. Box MG-6, RO-077125 Magurele,

Romania

Embedding of radioactive waste in Portland cement matrix is the most used method, applied in the

world by the countries developing nuclear energy programmes, but not all the radioactive waste types are

compatible with the normal cement matrix because of negative effects of some chemical reactions developed

during the hydrolysis and curing steps of cement paste. The radioactive aluminium, one of the as called

“hazardous wastes” generated by the decommissioning of research nuclear reactor as VVR-S – IFIN-HH, or

other nuclear techniques applications, like irradiation/activation techniques, is a type of radioactive waste which

can not be conditioned by this method, due to behaviour of the metallic aluminium in contact with normal

cement products.

The studies and preliminary results of the work presented in the present paper is part of a research

project developed to identify a proper management of this special type of radioactive waste from the storage

phase up to final disposal.

To obtain a conditioning matrix for radioactive aluminium in accordance with the actual international

disposal requirements and respecting the waste acceptance criteria of National Radioactive Waste Disposal –

Baita-Bihor, is necessary to study new formulas of low basicity binding agents, in order to minimize the alkaline

attack of cement hydrolysis products on metallic aluminium. Laboratory test and analysis performed in this

paper include: elemental analysis by XRF of the raw materials, determination of system setting time and


97

structural analysis by XRD to compare CEM III/A 42.5 N-LH, CEM V/A 42.5 (S-V) as reference matrices with

a magnesium phosphate cement matrix (MKP).

S3 P09

THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS ON

THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Fe-Cr-Ti-W-Y2O3 FERRITIC

STEELS

V. MIHALACHE, D. SIMANDAN, M. CIOANGER

National Institute of Materials Physics, 77125, Magurele, Romania

e-mail address: [email protected]

Oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steels, ODSFS-s, are, particularly, promising structural materials

for DEMO fusion reactor. In this study ODSFS-s were prepared from three types of mechanically allowed, MA,

powders with and without W and Y2O3: Fe-14Cr-0.4Ti-3W-0.25Y2O3, Fe-14Cr-0.4Ti-0.25Y2O3 and Fe-14Cr-

0.4Ti. Y2O3 with grain size of 5 nm and 350 nm were introduced into initial powders. MA powders were

consolidated by SPS method at temperatures 900C - 1100 C. Two processes of milling were used: wet milling

with ethanol as process control agent, PCA, and dry milling without PCA. Structure, composition, density and

microhardness strongly depend on the two milling conditions as follows.

Steels derived from powders mechanically allowed by dry milling (without PCA).

Some improvement of microhardness was obtained for steels containing 0.25wt. Y2O3 and especially

for those containing 3%wt. W. However, no improvement of microhardmes in the reproducible way was

observed by variation of grain size of Y2O3 introduced into initial powders. The Archimedes density increases

with increasing temperature, a maximum of 7.67 g/cm3 is reached for 1100C. In the ODSFS of the composition

FeCrTi (without W and Y2O3) and FeCrTi-Y2O3 (without W) a trace of (Cr, Fe)7C3 and (Cr, Fe)7C3, respectively,

was observed at highest sintering temperatures. FeCrTiW-Y2O3 shows the highest microhardness among the

studied steels. It reaches a maximum of 1147.34 VH at 1065 C; -phase (austenite) appears in these steels,

especially for higher sintering temperatures.

Steels derived from powders mechanically allowed by wet milling (with PCA).

ODSFS properties strongly depend on the amount of PCA used in the milling process as well as on the amount

of residual PCA in the presintering powder, so that it was hard to distinguish some important influence of Y2O3

and W addition. The steels are characterised by pronounced tendency of carbides formation/precipitation. Three

type of carbides were observed depending on the used milling conditions: (Cr, Fe)23C3, (Cr, Fe)7C3 and

especially (Cr, Fe)3C. The microhardness values are correlated with the amount of gases evacuated during SPS-

sintering, consequent on the amount of residual PCA in the products: microhardness decreases with the

increasing of the residual quantity of PCA. Unexpected improved microhardness was obtained for larger

crystallite size of Y2O3 (added to and mechanically alloyed together with elemental powders). As the quantity

of residual PCA decrease the situation seem to reverse in favour of smaller crystallite size of Y2O3, EDS

investigations show the regions reach in Y (up to 3% wt.) near the surface of steels.

S3 P10

ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS IN GAFRARIUM TUMIDIUM CLAMS DETERMINED BY INAA

AND PIXE

Ana PANTELICA1, Marius GUGIU

1, Catalin Ionut CALINESCU, Dan Gabriel GHITA

1

Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH),

30 Reactorului St., Magurele, Ilfov county, P.O.B. MG-6, 07712, Romania,


This paper presents the macro, micro and trace element concentrations determined by Instrumental Neutron

Activation Analysis (INAA) and Proton-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) analytical techniques in Gafrarium

Tumidium clams marine biota sample. This sample was supplied by the IAEA-MEL Laboratory in Monacco in

the frame of the interlaboratory comparison exercise organized for the determination of trace elements in IAEA-

461 Reference Material. INAA of long-lived radionuclides was performed at the Horia Hulubei National

Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH) by neutron irradiation at the TRIGA reactor in Pitesti

(neutron fluence rate 1·1017

m-2

·s-1

). The gamma-ray spectrometric chain used a HPGe Ortec detector (2.3 keV


98

FWHM at 1332.5 keV of 60

Co and 30% relative efficiency). The elements determined by INAA were Ag, As,

Au, Ba, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, Hg, K, La, Lu, Mo, Na, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th,

U, Yb, and Zn (33 elements). PIXE analysis was carried out at the 9 MV FN Van de Graaff Tandem accelerator

of IFIN-HH using a 3 MeV proton beam. Thin targets for PIXE were prepared from chemically mineralized

solution of the investigated sample as well as appropriate certified reference materials, with Y added as internal

standard. The targets were placed in the irradiation chamber at 450 with respect to the incident beam and X-ray

detector (Si(Li) Ortec). GUPIX (Guelph PIXE) program was used for a quantitative analysis. The elements

determined by PIXE in Gafrarium Tumidium clams were P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As,

Br, Rb, Sr, and Pb (19 elements). From them, P, S, Cl, Ti, V, Mn, Cu, and Pb are complementary to those

determined by long-lived INAA. The elements determined by both techniques were K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni,

Zn, As, Br, Rb, and Sr. The elements determined only by INAA were Ag, Au, Ba, Cd, Ce, Cs, Eu, Hf, Hg, La,

Lu, Mo, Na, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Ta, Tb, Th, U, and Yb.

Thanks are due to Sci. Res. Constantin Paunoiu, Dumitru Barbos, Petre Busuioc and nuclear reactor staff of the

Institute of Nuclear Research (RAAN-SCN) Pitesti for neutron irradiation of samples.

S3 P11

DESIGN OF THE INNER ZONE OF THE CBM-TOF WALL FOR SIS100

L.RADULESCU, D. BARTOS, Gh. CARAGHEORGHEOPOL, M.PETRIS, M.PETROVICI, V.SIMION

“Horia Hulubei” National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering,

Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

For hadron identification the CBM experiment at FAIR foresees an array of Multi-Gap Resistive-Plate

Chambers, which will measure the time of flight (TOF) of the collision products. The CBM-TOF wall will cover

polar angles from 2.5o to 25

o corresponding to a rectangular active area of about 120 m

2. It will be located at 5.5

m downstream of the target for measurements at SIS100, and at 10 m at SIS300. The expected counting rate for

the inner region of the TOF wall can reach up to 25 kHz/cm2. The wall is organized in supermodules staggered

in z-direction in order to achieve a full geometrical coverage of the solid angle.

The design proposed by us foresees to cover the rectangle of the inner wall (2.5o– 11

o) in a modular way with 8

supermodules. Beside the staggering of the supermodules, a continuous coverage of the active area requires a

staggered arrangement of the RPC cells inside a supermodule with overlap of the active areas both in x- and y-

direction. In order to reduce the number of electronic channels care has been taken to reduce the overlap regions

to a necessary minimum, both as far as RPCs and SMs are concerned. For a check of dead zones and overlaps we

have used the light source method with AutoCAD 2011 program.

S3 P12

THE FIRST NON-SCALING FIXED FIELD ALTERNATING GRADIENT (NS-FFAG) ACCLERATOR

Roxana RATA1 , Roger BARLOW

1, Rob EDGECOCK

1

1International Institute for Accelerator Applications, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, HD1 3DH,

Huddersfield, United Kingdom, e-mail:[email protected]

In this paper we present the first non-scaling FFAG ever constructed, which was build at the STFC

Daresbury Laboratory in the UK. FFAG combines the best features of a cyclotron and a synchrotron. It was

build like a radical alternative to the conventional accelerator technologies because it has many features that

make it attractive for medium-energy high current machines. This entirely innovative form of the non-scaling

Fixed Field Alternating Gradient accelerator it is also an useful tool for cancer therapy.

Keywords: ns-FFAG, accelerator technologies, cancer therapy.

Acknowledgements : I would like to express my special gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Roger

Barlow, and also to Professor Rob Edgecock for providing the necessary facilities for the preparation of this

paper.


99

S3 P13

DOSIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS ON DIFFERENT ABSORBing MATERIALS WITH

APPLICATIONS IN RADIOTHERAPY

M. SPUNEI 1,2

, I. MALAESCU 1

1West University of Timisoara, Faculty of Physics, Bd. V. Parvan, no.4, 300223 Timisoara, Romania

2Municipal Hospital Timisoara, Radiotherapy Center with High Energy, Timisoara, Romania

Radiotherapy is currently using directly or indirectly ionizing radiation to destroy the DNA of cancer

cells, so that they no longer reproduce and eventually lead to cell death and thus to destroy tumors.

With the upgrade of linear accelerator Varian CLINAC 2100SC in our radiotherapy center, we are able

now to deliver the prescribed dose in the cancer tumor located at high depths (from 4 to 25 cm) in patients bodies

and spare the adjacent tissues using a multileaf collimator which is taking the tumor contour. For superficial

cancers located at maximum depths of 3 cm we are using high energy electrons. Because the tumor shape is not

square, we are looking at different absorbent materials that could be used as absorbent shields for different

applications in radiotherapy and radioprotection.

For this purpose, we conducted a study on absorption of ionizing radiation on different materials

(samples) and different thicknesses. The materials tested were obtained by the authors in the laboratory of the

Physics Faculty.

The experimental results obtained show that, the radiation absorption in tested samples is ranging

between 10% and 80%. These preliminary results suggest that these materials can be used as absorbent in

radiotherapy and radioprotection.

Keywords: Radiotherapy and radioprotection; Absorbed dose; Electron beams; Linear accelerator.

S3 P14

RADON MITIGATION STUDIES IN A PILOT HOUSE FROM BĂIŢA-ŞTEI RADON PRONE AREA

(ROMANIA)

Constatin COSMA 1, Botond PAPP

1, Alexandra DINU (CUCOŞ)

1, Begy ROBERT

1,

Liviu SUCIU 2, Gheorghe BANCIU

2, Carlos SAINZ

1,3

1 Babeş-Bolyai University, Environmental Radioactivity and Nuclear Dating Center

400294 Cluj-Napoca, Fântânele No. 30, Romania 2 ICPE Bistriţa S.A., Bistriţa, Romania

3 Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria,

Santander, 39011, Spain

Corresponding author: [email protected]

The work presents implementation and testing radon mitigation techniques in a pilot house that was selected

from an indoor radon surveing in 305 houses during 2010-2011, in Băiţa-Ştei region located near an old uranium

mine (NW part of Romania). Radon mitigation studies are based on the depressurization and pressurization of

the building sub-soil, on the effect of the combination of an eolian and an electric fan coupled to depressurization

system, applying a radon barrier membrane and testing the combination of the radon membrane with soil

depressurization system. Finally, are studied and tested an automatic system of monitoring and control indoor

radon concentrations.

Keywords: indoor radon, radon mitigation, radon-prone area.

S3 P15

HUMAN CONTRIBUTION TO THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS RISK

Gholamreza Jahanfarnia1, Kaveh Karimi

2*, Seyed Mohsen Hoseyni

2

1Nuclear Engineering Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2Basic Sciences Department, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

*e-mail: [email protected]


100

Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) is a powerful tool for investigation of risk in Nuclear Power

Plants. The methodology of PSA goes back to Reactor Safety Study (RSS) (or WASH 1400) conducted by

Professor Rasmussen in 1974 [1]. However nuclear utility community reached a consensus on this methodology

only after TMI accident occurred in 1979. Predictions of that study attracted the attention of nuclear industry by

the occurrence of TMI accident [2].

Again just after Fukushima accident, PSA methodology is attracting much more attention [3].

Beside the methodology proposed in the RSS, it was the role of human actions in the progression of

accident in TMI that was important [4].

In this study we have tried to investigate the role of human actions in the total risk of a PWR. This is done

by using PSA techniques.

The most well-known figure of merit in PSA is the Core Damage Frequency (CDF) which is not

necessarily the important one [5].

Mean value of CDF is calculated to be 2.05E-5 in this study, while uncertainty analysis using Monte

Carlo method reveals the 5th percentile to be 7.65E-06 and the 95th percentile to be 4.91E-05 per reactor critical

year. (See Figure 1)

Figure 1: Core Damage Frequency distribution

It is common to categorize human actions to category A, B and C as pre-initiator human actions, initiators and

post-initiators of accidents respectively.

In this study, by considering human actions of category A & C in the model of PSA, the role of human actions is

investigated using sensitivity analyses. Human Actions of Category A is quantified using THERP approach with

only two recovery factors. Category C actions are quantified using SPAR-H [6] method using only 3

performance shaping factors (PSFs).

Human actions of Category C showed more importance than Category A actions in such a way that Cat C actions

are on the top ten list of Fussel-Vessely (FV) importance measure [6], defined below:

IFV=QTOP(MCS including i)/ QTOP

Sensitivity analyses showed that highly reliable operator actions would decrease the CDF up to 12.76%. Highly

reliable actions in this study are defined as actions with HEP (Human Error Probability) of one order of

magnitude lesser than normal value.

Perfect human actions showed 14.29% decrease in the CDF, while perfect actions are defined as those actions

with HEP of zero.

The interesting point found in the sensitivity analyses is that less reliable actions would increase the CDF up to

563%. Just similar to highly reliable actions, less reliable actions are those actions with HEP of one order of

magnitude higher than the normal value.

With no credit to all operator actions, i.e. setting all HEP=1, CDF would be rise up to 3.65E-2 per reactor critical

year.

References:

[1] A. Rassmusen, et. al. , “Reactor Safety Study,” US NRC, 1974.

[2] W. Keller & M. Modarres, “A Historical Overview of Probabilistic Risk Assessment Development and Its

Uses in the Nuclear Power Industry: A Tribute to the Late Professor Norman Carl Rasmussen”, Reliability

Engineering and System Safety 89 (2005) 271-285

[3] Suzanne Schroer, Mohammad Modarres, “An event classification schema for evaluating site risk in a multi-

unit nuclear power plant probabilistic risk assessment”, Reliability Engineering and System Safety 117 (2013)

40-51

[4] USNRC, “Backgrounder on the Three Mile Island Accident”, Feb. 2013


101

[5] Modarres, Kaminskiy and Krivtsov et. al., “Reliability Engineering and Risk Analysis, A Practical Guide”,

CRC Press, 2nd Edition (2010)

[6] D.I. Gertman, et. al. , “The SPAR-H Human Reliability Analysis Method”, Idaho National Laboratory, 2005

[7] Van Der Borst & Schoonakker, “An Overview of Importance Measures”, Reliability Engineering and

System Safety 72 (2001) 241-245

Section 4 – CROSS-DISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS OF PHYSICS

102

SECTION

S4 – Cross-Disciplinary Applications of Physics Nonlinear dynamics, complex systems and applications

Biological complexity and genetics, Biophysics and bioengineering

Econophysics

Physics of Social Systems


103

INVITED LECTURES

S4 L01

LINEAR AND NONLINEAR LIGHT BULLETS: RECENT STUDIES

Dumitru MIHALACHE

Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Theoretical Physics,

Magurele-Bucharest, RO-077125, ROMANIA

A brief up-to-date survey of recent theoretical and experimental studies of the formation, stability and robustness

of linear and nonlinear light bullets in several physical settings is given. The spatiotemporal optical solitons

(alias nonlinear “light bullets”) are nondiffracting and nondispersing wave packets propagating in nonlinear

optical media [1]-[5]. The three-dimensional (3D) spatiotemporal optical solitons are localized (self-guided) in

two transverse (spatial) dimensions and in the direction of propagation due to the balance of anomalous group-

velocity dispersion and nonlinear self-phase modulation. The formation of 3D spatiotemporal optical solitons in

two-dimensional (2D) photonic lattices (2D waveguide arrays) was reported in a series of rather complex

experiments performed in 2010 and 2011 [6]-[8]. The reported experimental results confirmed the previous

theoretical studies of the formation, stability and robustness of 3D spatiotemporal optical solitons supported by

2D waveguide arrays [9]. Linear light bullets, which are robust and versatile localized wave packets combining

Bessel beams in the transverse plane with temporal Airy pulses have also been reported experimentally [10].

Spatiotemporal Airy-Airy-Airy (Airy3) light bullets in both linear and nonlinear regimes were also demonstrated

experimentally, i.e., intense spatiotemporal wave packets combining spatial Airy beams with temporal Airy

pulses were created [11].

1. B. A. Malomed, D. Mihalache, F. Wise, and L. Torner, J. Opt. B 7, R53-R72 (2005).

2. H. Leblond and D. Mihalache, Rom. Rep. Phys. 63, 1254-1266 (2011).

3. D. Mihalache, Rom. J. Phys. 57, 352-371 (2012).

4. H. Leblond and D. Mihalache, Phys. Rev. A 86, 043832 (2012).

5. H. Leblond and D. Mihalache, Phys. Reports 523, 61-126 (2013).

6. S. Minardi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 263901 (2010).

7. F. Eilenberger et al., Phys. Rev. A 84, 013836 (2011).

8. F. Eilenberger et al., Opt. Express 19, 23171-23187 (2011).

9. D. Mihalache et al., Phys. Rev. E 70, 055603(R) (2004).

10. A. Chong, W. H. Renninger, D. N. Christodoulides, and F. W. Wise, Nat. Photonics 4, 103-106 (2010).

11. D. Abdollahpour, S. Suntsov, D. G. Papazoglou, and S. Tzortzakis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 253901 (2010).

S4 L02

DIPOLAR BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES WITH WEAK DISORDER

Axel PELSTER

Department of Physics, Technische Universit¨at Kaiserslautern, Germany

The talk discusses several illustrative examples where ultracold dilute atomic gases provide important insights

into condensed matter physics. We start with reviewing the properties of Bose- Einstein condensates (BECs)

with the anisotropic and long-range dipole-dipole interaction. To this end we investigate the influence of

quantum fluctuations upon the equilibrium configuration, the low-lying oscillation frequencies, and the time-of-

flight dynamics. We find that both atomic magnetic and molecular electric dipolar BECs offer promising

scenarios for detecting beyond mean-field effects. Furthermore, we report on recent progress in understanding

the properties of ultracold bosonic atoms in potentials with quenched disorder. This notoriously difficult dirty

boson problem is experimentally relevant for the miniaturization of BECs on chips and can also be studied by

tailoring disorder potentials via laser speckle fields. Theoretically it is intriguing because of the competition of

localization and interaction as well as of disorder and superfluidity. Finally, we combine both previous topics

and consider the impact of weak disorder upon a polarized dipolar BEC at zero temperature. Surprisingly we

find that disorder corrections of the superfluid density yield characteristic interaction-induced anisotropies which

are not present in the absence of disorder.


104

S4 L03

NONLINEAR EXCITATIONS IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES: PARAMETRIC AND

GEOMETRIC RESONANCES

Antun BALAZ

Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade

Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade Serbia

Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) are inherently nonlinear quantum systems, which leads to a number of

interesting effects. Modulation of some of the parameters of a BEC can give rise to prominent nonlinear features,

such as shifts in the frequencies of collective oscillation modes, higher harmonics generation, and resonant mode

coupling. In a recent experiment [1], a Bose-Einstein condensate of Li-7 has been excited by a harmonic

modulation of the atomic s-wave scattering length. Combining an analytical perturbative approach with

extensive numerical simulations [2], we will analyze the emerging nonlinear dynamics of the system on the

mean-field level at zero temperature. We will present resulting excitation spectra and main nonlinear effects

close to parametric resonances [3]. We will also discuss geometric resonances in BECs with two-body and three-

body contact interactions, where even a geometry of the trapping potential leads to the emergence of nonlinear

effects, frequency shifts and resonant mode coupling [4].

[1] S. E. Pollack, D. Dries, R. G. Hulet, K. M. F. Magalhaes, E. A. L. Henn, E. R. F. Ramos, M. A. Caracanhas,

and V. S. Bagnato, Phys. Rev. A 81, 053627 (2010).

[2] D. Vudragovic, I. Vidanovic, A. Balaz, P. Muruganandam, and S. K. Adhikari, Comput. Phys. Commun.

183, 2021 (2012).

[3] I. Vidanovic, A. Balaz, H. Al-Jibbouri, and A. Pelster, Phys. Rev. A 84, 013618 (2011).

[4] H. Al-Jibbouri, I. Vidanovic, A. Balaz, and A. Pelster, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 46, 065303 (2013).

S4 L04

DENSITY WAVES IN BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES

Alexandru NICOLIN

Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering

I the first part of the talk I will survey the theoretical and experimental results on the emergence of density waves

in quasi-one-dimensional one- and two-component Bose-Einstein condensates subject to parametric excitations.

In the second party I will present new analytical results on the roton-maxon spectrum of density waves in dipolar

condensates and will discuss the emergence of density waves in condensates with spatially-inhomogeneous

scattering lengths.

[1] A.I. Nicolin, Phys. Rev. E 84, 056202 (2011)

[2] A.I. Nicolin, Physica A 391, 1062 (2012)

[3] A.I. Nicolin, Proc. Rom. Acad. 14, 35 (2013)


105

S4 L05

ASSYMETRY OF THE INVERSE STATISTICS IN STOCK MARKETS: FEAR FACTOR AND

RELEVANT TIMESCALES

Bulcsú SÁNDOR1, Imre BALOGH

2, Bálint Zsolt NAGY3, Ingve SIMONSEN

4 and Zoltán NÉDA

1

Babeş–Bolyai University, Physics Department, Cluj-Napoca,Romania

Babeş–Bolyai University, Department of Economics, Cluj-Napoca,Romania

Norvegian Technical University, NTNU, Physics Department, Trondheim, Norway

University of Szeged, Physics Department, Szeged, Hungary

The dynamics of stock indexes are investigated using a statistical tool borrowed from physics. The inverse

statistics method [1] gives the distribution of investment horizons, or in laymen terms the probability distribution

of the waiting times, needed to achieve a certain level of return. Unexpectedly, the inverse statistics of stock

indexes presents an asymmetric nature, which means that a negative return level is reached sooner than the same

magnitude positive level [2]. In order to understand this intriguing phenomenon a simple explanation based on

the „fear factor” hyphothesis is given [3]. It is shown that this hyphothesis is fully supported by empirical data

[4]. The present study offers also an answer for the long debated question concerning the relevant time-scales of

the socio-economic phenomena which is responsible for the observed asymmetry. Our results suggest that this

time-scale is of the order of 20 days and seemingly is linked with the well-known levarege effect [5].

[1] I. Simonsen, M. H. Jensen, A. Johansen, Eur. Phys. J. B, 27, 4, 583-586 (2002)

[2] M. H. Jensen, A. Johansen, I. Simonsen, Physica A, 324, 1-2, 338-343 (2003)

[3] I. Simonsen, P. T. H. Ahlgren, M. H. Jensen, R. Donangelo, K. Sneppen, Eur. Phys.J. B, 57, 153-158 (2007)

[4] E. Balogh, I. Simonsen, B. Zs. Nagy, Z. Neda, Phys. Rev. E, 82, 6, 066113 (2010)

[5] J.P. Bouchoud, A. Matacz and M. Potters, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 228701 (2001)

S4 L06

HOW TO TRADE USING THE (SHANNONIAN) TRANSFER ENTROPY? AN APPLICATION FOR

CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN FINANCIAL MARKETS

Bogdan DIMA1, Ştefana Maria DIMA

2, Flavia BARNA

3 , Miruna NĂCHESCU

4

1 Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, West University of Timisoara, J.H. Pestalozzi Street, No.

16, 300115, Timişoara, Romania, +40.256.592.556; [email protected]

2 Faculty of Economics, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Mihai Eminescu Street, no. 15, 310086,

Arad, Romania, +40.257.213.066; [email protected]





The acute need of describing the functional linkages between financial markets led in the last years to the use of

econophysics’ methods in quantitative finance. In the framework of econophysics, it has become steadily

obvious that market interactions are highly nonlinear, unstable, and long-ranged. Also, it seems that all agents

involved in a given stock market exhibit interconnections, which represent an important internal force of the

market. We consider the possibility of employing the (Shannonian) transfer entropy in order to describe these

functional linkages between financial markets. The transfer entropy may be used with the purpose of detecting

various types of asymmetry in the interaction between two systems and distinguishing between driving and

responding forces. Such property of the transfer entropy may be considered in trading diversified portfolios on

multiple markets. We illustrate such application of the transfer entropy for a group of six Central and Eastern

European markets (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Austria, Hungary and Russian Federation), by

considering four major indexes (S&P 50, FTSE 100, CAC 40, DAX) which may influence these markets. In

order to identify the structural changes in the involved processes, the data sample is divided in two sub-periods

(2001-2007 and, respectively, 2007-2012) and the transfer entropy is re-estimated for each sub-period. Our

results show that these emergent markets are dominated, from the point of view of the net information flows, by

WIG and S&P 500 indexes. A comparative analysis of the Central and Eastern European markets reveal some

potential explanations for the key role played, in the area, by Poland’s stock market. Significant level of market

capitalization, relative higher levels of market’ liquidity as well as good market turnovers - all these are based on

a sound regulatory and supervisory framework as well as on improved market mechanisms. We estimate the


106

outcomes of a trading strategy based on these markets’ changes for both individual markets and for a global

portfolio. The weights of this global portfolio are chosen based on the relative net information flows and its

structure is kept unchanged for the entire analyzed period. The best results are obtained in terms of return-to-risk

ratios for RTS and BUX indexes. However, these results are less robust over time and are sensitive to the

financial turbulence climate. Overall, it appears that the degree of information openness and integration in the

international flows are key determinants of the performances of a trading strategy based on information transfers

between markets.

JEL Classification: G15, G11

S4 L07

COHERENCE, CORRELATION AND SCALING IN THE NOISY SPACE OF ROMANIAN

FINANCIAL TIME SERIES

E.I. SCARLAT

University Politehnica Bucharest, Physics Department, [email protected]

Time series are extensively subjected to computational analyses in order to disclose the intricate deterministic

correlations among the market forces that drive the prices in long, or more often in the short run [1,2]. In

markets, each price is not evolving in isolation. Individual price changes affect the global variation of the market

trend as much as the collective dynamics are reflected in the individual behaviour. The understanding of the

properties of the interactions, dependencies and co-variations is of ultimate importance to the understanding of

the overall system.

The space considered here is consisting in four groups of time series, as follows: the series of the exchange rates

of the Romanian currency (ROL) with respect to the mostly used currencies (USD, EUR), the series of two

indices of Romanian stock exchange market (BET), a number of series of less importance with respect to the

trading volumes like British Pound Swedish Krona or Polish Zloty, and, finally, a group of synthesized Gaussian

noise considered as reference.

Typical cross-coherence functions between strong correlated

series and weak correlated series are shown in the adjacent

figure. Their time dynamic is related to the scaling features

[3].

Statistical significance and economic meaningfulness like

relevant time delays among the processes, bands of

coherence in long, medium, and sometimes short run due to

the corresponding market forces, as well as the anomalies in

the vicinity of crises could be detected. The results are

related to the previous studies performed onto the Romanian

market [4,5].

Acknowledgements

The author is grateful to C.P. Cristescu for valuable

discussions, and to Cristina Stan for fruitful collaboration.

References

[1] T. Aste, W. Shaw, T. Di Matteo, Correlation structure and dynamics in volatile markets, New Journal of

Physics 12 085009 (21pp), doi:10.1088/1367-2630/12/8/085009, 2010.

[2] E.I. Scarlat, C.P. Cristescu, C. Stan, L. Preda, A.M. Preda, M. Mihailescu, Chaotic dynamics in

econophysics: modeling the market forces, UPB Sci. Bull. A, 70, (4), pag 89-95, 2008.

[3] C.P. Cristescu, C. Stan, E.I. Scarlat, T. Minea, C.M. Cristescu, Parameter motivated mutual correlation

analysis: Application to the study of currency exchange rates based on intermittency parameter and Hurst

exponent, Physica A, 391, doi:10.1016/j.physa.2011.12.006, p. 2623–2635, 2012.

[4] E.I. Scarlat, C. Stan, C.P. Cristescu, Self-similar characteristics of the currency exchange rate in an economy

in transition, Physica A, 379 (1), p.188-198, DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2006.12.040, 2007.

[5] E.I. Scarlat, C. Stan, C. P. Cristescu, Chaotic features in Romanian transition economy as reflected onto the

currency exchange rate, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 33 (2), p.396-404, DOI:10.1016/j.chaos.2006.01.009,

2007.


107

POSTERS

S4 P01

THE USE OF ISOTOPE RATIOS IN COMMERCIAL FRUIT JUICES AUTHENTICATION

Dana Alina MAGDAS, Romulus PUSCAS, Gabriela CRISTEA

National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donath, 71-103, P.O.

700, RO-400293, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

[email protected]

In the last years, a growing number of research articles detailing the use of natural abundance isotope

variations as a tool in the fight against fraud in the food industry have been published. One of the greatest

limitations to the applications of the technique in origin assignation is the lack of large databases of isotopic

abundance in fruit juices. The interpretation of such analysis requires a sufficient number of data for authentic

juices of the same seasonal and regional origin, especially since the isotopic parameters of these show

remarkable variability depending on climatologically factors.

The principle behind this methods consist in the fact that each plant has its own unique pattern of

naturally occurring stable isotopes of carbon (12

C, 13

C), hydrogen (1H,

2H) and oxygen (

16O,

18O), whose

distribution has been influenced by a number of physical and/or biochemical properties and geoclimatic

conditions. The stable isotope ratios content of natural products depends on their botanic, geographical, climatic

and meteorological origin.

The use of stable carbon isotope analysis to determine fruit juices, authenticity is well documented in

literature. Determination of δ18

O and δD values of water from fruit juices is today applied in routine analysis as

an automated and acknowledged method in order to differentiate between directly pressed and re-diluted single

strength juices. Authentic juices have elevated δ18

O and δD content of water as compared to water from re-

diluted products made using tap water which is relatively depleted in heavy oxygen and hydrogen isotopes. On

the other hand the addition of exogenous sugar could be detected through the isotopic ratio of carbon from juice

components.

In the present study commercial fruit juices present on Romanian market were investigated from the

point of view these authenticity and the obtained results were compared with those corresponding to authentic

juices.

References:

1. D. A. Magdas, R. Puscas, Stable isotopes determination in some Romanian fruit juices, Isotopes in

Environmental and Health Study, 47, 372–378 (2011)

2. Andreas Rossmann, Determination of stable isotope ratios in food analysis, Food reviews international,

17(3), 347-381 (2001)

Acknowledgements:

The financial support for this work was provided by the National Plan for Research-Development and

Innovation 2007-2013 (NPRDI II), TE, Contract No. 120/2010

S4 P02

EXISTENCE OF RADIAL SOLUTIONS FOR A COUPLED SYSTEM OF STATIONARY

SCHRÖDINGER EQUATIONS TYPE

Dragoș-Pătru COVEI

Department of Development, Constantin Brancusi University of Tg-Jiu, Tg-Jiu, Gorj, Romania,

In this paper, we establish sufficiently conditions for the existence of positive radially symmetric solutions for a

quasilinear elliptic system involving the p-Laplacian operator. The difficulty to solve such problems is twofold.


108

One arises from the fact that such problems have been remained open in other papers and second from the fact

that the operator p-Laplacian is nonlinear. Our method is based on the iteration procedure.

S4 P03

JOURNEY AROUND THE WORLD OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS

D. IORDACHE1 and R. DOBRESCU

2

1 Physics Department, Univ. “Politehnica” Bucharest, 060032, Romania

2 Automations Department, Univ. “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Romania

It is well-known that: a) in order to improve the physical & technical performances of different

industrial devices, both these devices and the involved materials became complex, b) due to the high

Complexity of the Universe and of then present industry, the Exact Sciences are confronted with the huge

challenge of Complex systems. Given being the “birth date” of physical Theory of Complexity is rather late [1],

the main features of Complex systems [huge number of uniqueness parameters → dominant (effective)

parameters, the similitude numbers, power laws, fractal scaling, the hierarchical structure of the high-Complexity

systems, etc] were not identified for all types of Complex systems.

That is why the main goal of the present work is to identify the main types of physical Complex

systems, i.e.: a) the industrial materials (magnetic, dielectric, semiconductor, rocks, fluids, etc), b) nano-

structured materials (e.g. the pharmaceutical ones, studied by the IR spectroscopy, particularly), c) biophysics

(polypeptides, Ca channels, skeletal muscles, living beings growth), d) data processing (numerical phenomena:

pseudo-convergence, stability, attractors), e) physical theory of information (true information amount, resonance

bells, relays for cross-fertilisation) [2], etc. The accomplished study allowed to point out also several Complexity

levels associated to different types of physical Complex systems.

Acknowledgements

The authors thank very much to Professor Pier Paolo Delsanto for his important suggestions.

References

[1] a) P. W. Anderson “More is different”, Science, 177, 293(1972); b) P. W. Anderson “The economy as an

evolving complex system”, Proc. Santa Fe Institute in the Sciences on

Complexity, vol. 5, Redwood City, CA, Addison-Wesley, 1988; c) P.

W. Anderson “Physics: The opening to Complexity”, Proc. Natl.

Acad. Science (USA), 92, 6653-54(1995).

[2] a) R. Dobrescu, D. Iordache “Complexity and Information”,

Printing House of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, 2010; b) ibid.

“Complexity Modeling”, Politehnica Press, Bucharest, 2007; c) D.

Iordache “Complexity, Similitude and Fractals in Applied Mechanics

and Electrical Engineering, respectively”, chapter 5, pp. 103-154, 3rd

volume “Topics in Applied Mechanics”, Romanian Academy Printing

House, Bucharest, 2005.

S4 P04

NONLINEAR „IMPEDANCE” OF BUCHAREST STOCK

EXCHANGE MARKET BY TIME SERIES ANALYSIS:

OPTIMAL FUNCTION AND SATURATION

E.I. SCARLAT1, CRISTINA STAN

1, C.P. CRISTESCU

1, CRISTINA

M. CRISTESCU2

1 Physics Dept., University Politehnica Bucharest,

[email protected]

2Master Eng. Foreign Lang., University Politehnica Bucharest

Stock exchange markets keep the most valuable signals of the

evolution of any economic system. For this reason a lot of literature is

BET (price vs days)

Volume BVB (bil. ROL vs days)

Daily retur

ns BET (abs. values)

„Impedance” of BVB (a.u. vs

days)

1000 2000 3000 4000 50000

2000

4000

6000

8000

10 000

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 50000

2

4

6

8

10

1000 2000 3000 4000 50000

2

4

6

8

10

2000 4000 6000 8000 10 000

106

107

108

109


109

devoted to study especially the short time characteristics by revealed by tick by tick or daily prices series [1,2].

Differing from existing definition of the market size, or market capacity, here the stock market impedance

is defined using the daily indices of BET and volume of transactions [3] by analogy with the corresponding

electromagnetic quantities.

Genuine values, log returns and derivative of the series are processed in order to extract the dynamics of

nonlinear impedance and to evidence the unbalances between the supply and demand forces. The magnitude

squared coherence function allows to detecting the relevant delays and negative values for volumes were

introduced accordingly [4].

The conclusion relates the impedance to the inertia of diffusing information in market. We found also that

the natural dynamic of the market is to reach a stationary regime characterized by the squared BET index. The

impedance is nonlinear and exhibit saturation above a certain threshold.

References

[1] T. Aste, W. Shaw, T. Di Matteo, Correlation structure and dynamics in volatile markets, New Journal of

Physics 12 085009 (21pp), doi:10.1088/1367-2630/12/8/085009, 2010.

[2] P.H. Franses, D. van Dijk, Nonlinear Time Series Models in Empirical Finance, Cambridge, 2003.

[3]http://www.bvb.ro/TradingAndStatistics/TranzactCurent.aspx.

[4] S-Y. Wang, M-X. Tang, Exact confidence interval for magnitude-squared coherence estimates, IEEE Signal

Processing Letters, 11, (3) 326-329, 2004.

S4 P05

COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE PROPERTIES OF EF-HAND CALCIUM BINDING

PROTEINS

Dana CRACIUN1, Adriana ISVORAN

2

1Teacher Training Department, West University of Timisoara, 4 V.Pirvan, 300223 Timisoara, Romania

2Department of Biology-Chemistry,

West University of Timisoara, 16 Pestalozzi, 300316 Timisoara, Romania

Calcium binding proteins (CaBPs) may be divided in two families (1): CaBPs containing EF-hand motifs

(EFCaBPs) and CaBPs lacking EF-hand motifs respectively. Among EFCaBPs there are calcium sensors

involved in signal transduction processes and exhibiting extended spatial structures and calcium buffering

proteins exhibiting compact structures (2). Within present study we perform a computational analysis of the

surface properties of the two categories of EFCaBPs both at global and local level. Structures superposition

reflects higher structural similarity between extended forms, the compact ones being more divergent. Figure 1

shows that surface area per amino acid for extended forms (medium pattern) and compact forms (dense pattern)

are distinct. There is a statistically difference between the two means, 46.39±7.2 for extended forms and

54.46±6.5 for compact ones, reflected by t- and one-way ANOVA tests and underlying the distinct degree of

density of their tertiary structures.

Fig. 1. Surface area per amino acid for extended forms and compact forms.

Also, surfaces of extended EFCaBPs present a smaller number of cavities but with larger volumes and areas than

compact ones in correlation with their biological functions. Surface electrostatic potential is higher for extended

EFCaBPs, underlying the role of electrostatics repulsions in adopting their spatial structures and also the possible

40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 620.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

frequ

ency

surface area per amino acid (A2)

extended forms

compact forms


110

role in binding charged peptides (3). Present studies emphasize distinct surface properties of EFCaBPs

suggesting possible individual ligands to be used to inhibit their pathological interactions.

References

1. Lewit-Bentley A, Rety S (2000) EF-hand calcium-binding proteins. Curr Opin Struct Biol 10:637–643.

2. Carafoli E (2003) The calcium signaling saga: tap waterand protein crystals. Nature 4: 326–332.

3. Isvoran A, Craescu CT, Alexov E. (2007) Electrostatic control of the overall shape of calmodulin:

Numerical calculations. Eur Biophys J. 36(3):225–237.

S4 P06

ESTIMATING WINE YEAST CONCENTRATION BY FAR FIELD CONTRAST MEASUREMENT

Dan CHICEA1,2

, Ovidiu TIŢA2,3

, Mihaela TIŢA3, Ecaterina LENGYEL

3

1 Department of Environmental Sciences, University Lucian Blaga, Dr. Ion Ratiu str., no 5-7, Sibiu, 550012,

ROMANIA

2 Pediatric Respiratory Medicine Research Center (CCMRP), Str. Pompeiu Onofreiu Nr. 2 – 4 , Sibiu,

ROMANIA

3 Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Food Industry and Environmental Protection, University Lucian Blaga, Dr.

Ion Ratiu str., no 5-7, Sibiu, 550012, ROMANIA

A coherent light scattering experiment on aqueous suspension of Saccharomyces cerevisia yeast with a

concentration that covers five orders of magnitude was performed. The average scattered light far field was

recorded using a CCD. A computer code for image processing was written for this purpose and used for

providing the first order statistics of the far interference field. The variation of the average contrast with the yeast

particle concentration was analyzed and a very fast procedure for monitoring the yeast concentration is

suggested. The possibility of monitoring the fermentation process by a fast assessment of the yeast concentration

is suggested, as well.

The figure presents the variation of the average contrast with the yeast concentration. Examining the

figure we notice that the average contrast variation with the concentration in monotone for yeast concentration

bigger than 10-7

g/l and this suggests a very fast procedure for monitoring the yeast concentration, hence for

monitoring the fermentation process in aqueous solution, as most beverage fermentations are.

References

1. Kurtzman C.P., Fell J.W., Yeast Systematics and Phylogeny—Implications of Molecular Identification

Methods for Studies in Ecology, in Biodiversity and Ecophysiology of Yeasts, The Yeast Handbook, Edited

by C. Rosa & G. Péter, Springer-Verlag, 11-30, 2006.

2. Chicea D., Speckle Size, Intensity and Contrast Measurement Application in Micron-Size Particle

Concentration Assessment, European Physical Journal Applied Physics 2007, 40, 305-310, doi:

10.1051/epjap:2007163.

S4 P07

PRECISION CADASTRAL AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY APPLICATIONS USING UAV. CASE

STUDY – VANATORI DISTRICT

K vs c

0.00E+00

2.00E+01

4.00E+01

6.00E+01

8.00E+01

1.00E+02

1.20E+02

1.40E+02

1.60E+02

0.00E+00 2.00E-06 4.00E-06 6.00E-06 8.00E-06 1.00E-05 1.20E-05

c, g/l

K


111

Gabriel MURARIUa, Mocanu Ionut RAZVAN

b,*, Florin MINGIREANU

b, Lucian GEORGESCU

b

a ”Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Domnească Street, 47, RO-

800008, Galati, Romania b ”Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, European Excellence Center for the Environment , Domnească Street,

47, RO-800008, Galati, Romania

The precision cadastral applications are currently a major current life request. A series of applications

like Google Street or is a good example. In US, ground surveys and remote sensing are integral to establishing

fair and equitable property valuations necessary for real property taxation. The International Association of

Assessing Officers (IAAO) has embraced aerial and street - view imaging as part of its standards related to

property tax assessments. In this domain, our research team succeeds in building proper UAV which could be

used in such applications. In this paper are presented preliminary results obtained in the Vanatori airport field.

These tests were made in order to prove the viability of our system.

S4 P08

COMPARISON BETWEEN STATISTICAL AND DYNAMICAL MODELS OF STATUS

PARAMETERS FOR AQUATIC SYSTEMS. CASE STUDY - RIVER PRUT

Gabriel MURARIUa, Mihaela TIMOFTI

b, Lucian GEORGESCU

b Catalina TOPA

b,*,




In this article we present a complementary approach to modelling physico-chemical state parameters of

the aquatic system. Thus, after eight years data collection of chemical and physico-chemical parameters at three

sampling station situated on Prut River amd it was tried to develop a multi-linear statistical model based on

ANOVA analysis. The analysed parameters are normally determined for classification of surface water.

In the second step, the preliminary results were used to develop a dynamic model. This dynamic model

is more reliable and describes how the analysed parameters provide information regarding the link between of

them. By comparison, these two models could offer a good representation of the studied system.

S4 P09

EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS OF SOME FLAVONOIDS AS PROTEIN

KINASE INHIBITORS USING THE MOLECULAR DOCKING APPROACH

STELUTA GOSAV1, HÉLÈNE JAMET

2, ROMANA DRASOVEAN

1

1“

Dunarea de Jos” University, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Domneasca St. 47, 800008

Galati, Romania, [email protected] 2Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607,CNRS, 301 rue de la Chimie, 38041

Grenoble Cedex 9, France

Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) have a great importance in the tumor progression, the PI3K

pathway being among the most commonly activated pathway in human cancer [1, 2]. In this paper we carried out

an exploratory analysis of the interactions between some flavonoids and PI3Kα isoform selected as the receptor

in the docking simulations. The flavonoids with the activity against HT-29 and Caco-2 human colon carcinoma

were collected from the literature [3]. All ligands were optimized using hybrid functional B3LYP (Becke three

parameter hybrid functional combined with Lee–Yang–Parr correlation functional) in conjunction with 6-31G(d)

basis set. Three dimensional coordinates in the X-ray crystal structure of PI3Kα were retrieved from the Protein

Data Bank (PDB code: 2RD0). The molecular docking process was performed using AUTODOCK 3.05

software. During the docking process, the receptor was treated as fixed while the ligands are flexible. The

binding modes of studied flavonoids were evaluated.


112

Keywords: PI3Kα, flavonoids, docking, cancer.

[1] S. Kang, A.G. Bader, P.K. Vogt, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (2005) 802-807.

[2] Q.W. Fan, A.A. Knight, D.D. Goldenberg, W. Yu, K.E. Mostov, D. Stokoe, K.M. Shokat, W. Weiss, Cancer

Cell 9 (2006) 341-349.

[3] S. Kuntz, U. Wenzel, H. Daniel, Eur. J. Nutr. 38 (1999) 133-142.

S4 P10

A NOVEL NON-POLYNOMIAL SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION FOR HIGH-DENSITY CIGAR-

SHAPED

Mihaela Carina RAPORTARU 1,2

, Alexandru I. NICOLIN1,2

1“Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., 077125

Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 2University of Bucharest. Faculty of physics, Centre for Theoretical Physics, 405 Atomistilor Str., 077125

Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

Email: [email protected]

Starting from the habitual three-dimensional (3D) GrossPitaevskii equation (GPE) we derive by

variational means a 1D non-polynomial Schrödinger equation. The backbone of our variational approach is a

computationally versatile q-Gaussian ansatz which is ideally suited for high-density condensates and

outperforms the previous theoretical prediction numerically . Similar equations were obtained for low density

condensates using a Gaussian ansatz.

Acknowledgements. This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Education and Research under PN-II-

ID-PCE-2011-3-0972 and project PN 09370104/2013.

S4 P11

MATHEMATICAL FRAMEWORK OF EPIGENETIC DNA METHYLATION IN REPEAT

ELEMENTS ARABIDOPSIS

Diana DAVID-RUS1, Joel L. LEBOWITZ

2, Vincent COLOT

3

1 National Institute of Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

2 Rutgers University, Mathematics Department, NJ, US

3 Ecole Normale Superiore, Paris, France

Our interest and goal is to create a model that explains the establishment, maintenance and stability of

methylation pattern in repeat elements Arabidopsis.

In this work we propose a theoretical framework for understanding how the methylated and un-methylated

states of cytosine residues are maintained and transmitted during DNA replication. We build a mathematical

framework in which to explore minimal models of epigenetic inheritance and identify the necessary conditions

for stability of methylated/unmethylated states of cytosine over rounds of DNA replication. The model is

flexible enough to allow adding new biological concepts and information. The approach we are using is routed in

statistical mechanics.


113

S4 P12

CHARACTERISTICS AND BIODEGRADATION PROPERTIES OF POLYCAPROLACTONE -

POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL COATINGS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

A. VISAN1,**

M. MIROIU1, C. NITA

1,4, R. CRISTESCU

1,G. SOCOL

1, N. STEFAN

1, G. DORCIOMAN

1, N.

SERBAN1, M. SOCOL

2, I.ZGURA

2, O.L. RASOGA

5, C. BREAZU

2, L. SIMA

3, C. R. LUCULESCU

1 , A.

STANCULESCU2, I.N. MIHAILESCU

1*,**

1 National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania

2 National Institute of Materials Physics, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania

3 Institute of Biochemistry, Splaiul Independentei 296, Bucharest, Romania

4Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Romania

In this study we report polycaprolactone (PCL)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) deposition on titanium,

glass and (100) double side polished silicon substrates via Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation

(MAPLE) and dip coating (DC) techniques.

Our aim was to obtain composite coatings with different biodegradation kinetics for controlled protein

release . Several co-polymeric systems have been investigated to improve the properties of the native

polymer. PCL is known for its excellent tensile properties, flexibility and biodegradability but due to its slow

degradation rate, we choose to blend with the more soluble PEG, which is recognized for its good

biocompatibility, with purpose to obtain a biodegradable polymeric material with medical applications.

The results essentially signify that the degradability of biopolymeric coatings could be adjusted

depending of their composition.

*Acknowledgments: This research was supported under the PCCA 153/2012 and ID 209/2011 Contracts.


S4 P13

BIOMIMETIC NANOCRYSTALLINE APATITE COATINGS SYNTHESIZED BY MATRIX

ASSISTED PULSED LASER EVAPORATION FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

A. VISAN1,**

D. GROSSIN2, N. STEFAN

1, L. DUTA

1, F. M. MIROIU

1, M. SOPRONYI

1, F. MICULESCU

3,

M. FRECHE2, C. CHARVILAT

2, O, MARSAN

2, S. CIUCA

3, I.N. MIHAILESCU

1*,**

1National Institute for Lasers, Plasma, and Radiation Physics, Magurele-Ilfov, Romania 2CIRIMAT - Carnot Institute, University of Toulouse, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France

3Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

This work adds to the current international trend of improving the capacity of actual bioceramics in order

to ellaborate a new generation of resorbable and highly bioactive ceramics (in our case, hydrated) for bone tissue

engineering. Researchers’ efforts are therefore presently concentrated on the synthesis of bioapatite materials as

close as possible to the human bone composition and structure, and their next congruent transfer onto the surface

of metallic implants.

Our results showed for the BmAp biomaterials in the form of thin films improved resemblances to the

human hard tissue structures and compositions compared to other calcium phosphates and are therefore expected

to insure a better functionality to metallic implant coatings.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of MAPLE deposition of thin films of poor

nanocrystalline hydrated apatites synthesized by the biomimetic method. We have proved that the main

functional groups of starting materials are present in the transferred films.

*Acknowledgments: This research was partially supported under the PCCA 153/2012 and ID 209/2011

Contracts. AV, NS, LD, MM, MS and INM acknowledge with thanks the financial support of LAPLAS 3, Cod:

PN 09 39 01 04. AV also acknowledges the support of Socrates fellowship.



114

S4 P14

ADVANCES IN STATISTICAL POTENTIALS FOR PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION

Ionel RATA*

National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Bucharest, Romania

**Email: [email protected]

The accuracy of potential functions is the single most important and difficult problem in protein

structure prediction via computational means. We propose here a novel approach to protein structure evaluation

and prediction by improving on the Boltzmann statistics formalism for the experimental data in the Protein

Databank (PDB), and obtaining more accurate statistical potentials. An illustration of our results comes from

adjusting Glycine's conformation from PDB. It is known that Glycine lacks a side-chain and therefore should

have a symmetrical potential in its backbone coordinates phi-psi. Still, a plot of Glycine PDB frequencies shows

a strong preference for positive phi angles rather than the negative ones. We explain this in terms of structural

state multiplicities: Although the positive phi region of amino acids is generally restricted, proteins have a

considerable structural necessity for it and Glycine is the only amino acid which can satisfy it with no

constraints. In fact, due to the same argument, all amino acids have higher PDB frequencies in their positive phi

regions than directly derived from their real potentials (with no multiplicity factors considered). In our new

statistics we correct the potential maps of all amino acids and show that, in particular for Glycine we obtain a

symmetric map.

S4 P15

QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN RESEARCH

GEORGESCU Ştefan,

Andrei Saguna University of Constanta,[email protected],0744368263

Quality management in scientific research, can ensure the accuracy and thoroughness of this activity

voucher with the necessary conditions to ensure the fulfillment of the conditions made by the research

objectives. In this paper we sought to highlight some of the features of quality management activities in research,

both during the establishment of research methods as well as the creations themselves during the investigation

and establishment of research results. We also introduced the system architecture and some peculiarities of the

system compared to systems in other areas.

The paper aims to establish some basic principles for the organization and conduct of research in accordance

with referential.

Section 5 – ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL PHYSICS

115

SECTION

S5 – Engineering and Industrial Physics Physics of energy transfer, conversion and storage










116

INVITED LECTURES

S5 L01

PASSIVELY Q-SWITCHED Nd:YAG/Cr4+

:YAG LASERS FOR IGNITION OF AN AUTOMOBILE

ENGINE

Nicolaie PAVEL, Gabriela SALAMU, and Traian DASCALU

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics

Laboratory of Solid-State Quantum Electronics, Bucharest R-077125, Romania

emails: [email protected], [email protected]

During recent years extensive research has been performed on laser-induced ignition of air-fuel mixtures in

internal combustion engines. These investigations revealed that laser-induced ignition offers significant

advantages over a conventional spark-ignition system, such as higher probability to ignite leaner mixtures,

reduction of erosion effects, increases of engine efficiency, or shorter combustion time. In this talk I will

describe our work toward realization of passively Q-switched Nd:YAG/Cr4+

:YAG lasers with high peak power,

especially for laser ignition of an automobile engine.

Composite, all-polycrystalline ceramics, passively Q-switched Nd:YAG-Cr4+

:YAG lasers with high (MW

level) peak power were realized using quasi-continuous-wave pumping. The discussion will focus on three

applications of such a laser: (i) laser ignition of an automobile engine (Fig. 1); (ii) generation of high-peak power

laser pulses in the green visible spectrum at 532 nm by extra-cavity, single-pass frequency doubling of the 1.06-4+

:YAG laser with the pulse energy Ep=

0.54 mJ was used as a master oscillator in a master-oscillator-power-amplifier system, yielding pulses with

energy up to 11 mJ (peak power of ~12.8 MW) at a high (250 Hz) repetition rate.

Fig. 1 Photo of a laser prototype realized in our Fig. 2 Photo of a novel laser scheme in which the laser

laboratory for automobile engine ignition is presented. crystal is pumped through a prism is shown.

A classical spark plug is shown, for comparison.

A new laser configuration for a compact, passively Q-switched Nd:YAG-Cr4+

:YAG laser is proposed (Fig.

2). The laser medium is square shaped and the prism is attached on one of its lateral sides, nearby one of the

crystal extremity. The diode-laser fiber end is placed close to the prism hypotenuse, the pump radiation is

coupled into the laser crystal through the opposite surface of the prism and it propagates into the crystal trough

total internal reflections. Experiments on such a laser are given. This laser geometry is simple to align and

permits realizing of compact diode-pumped laser systems, as well as power scaling. We appreciate that such a

laser could find application in the automotive industry.

Acknowledgements This work was financed by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research,

CNDI-UEFISCDI, project number 58/2012 (PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-1040).

S5 L02

B OSONIC J OSEPHSON EFFECTS AND NON - LINEAR MACROSCOPIC SEF TRAPPING IN

PHOTONIC MOLECULES

M. ABBARCHI1,2,*

, A. AMO2, V. G. SALA

2, A. LEMAITRE

2, I. D. D. SOLNYSHKOV

3, H. FLAYAC

3, E.

GALOPIN2, L. FERRIER

2, I. SAGNES

2, P. SENELLART

2, G. MALPUECH

3, AND J. BLOCH

2


117

1 Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, Ecole Normale Superieure, CNRS (UMR 8551), Universite P. et M. Curie,

Universite D. Diderot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. 2 LPN/CNRS, Route de Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis,

France. 3 Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Clermont Universite , University Blaise Pascal, CNRS, 24 avenue des

Landais, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France.

We report on a detailed experimental characterization of a bosonic Josephson[1] junction implemented by two

linked exciton/polariton condensates trapped in two coupled micropillars (i.e. a photonic molecule, PhM) [2].

The PhMs are etched from a high finesse planar microcavity and make possible a full control over localization

and coupling of exciton/polariton condensates (PC) [2]. The underlying photonic structure is reflected in the

polariton states: the interaction strength J between the two localized PCs can be easily changed by tuning the

distance between micro-pillars thus enabling the formation of coupled states (indicated as bonding and

antibonding, B and AB respectively) with extended, macroscopic coherence [2]. Moreover the excitation beam

can be used as a tuning tool for changing coupling and localization regime within the PC.

Non-resonant and resonant excitation is used to characterize and control the PC dynamics in energy, time and

space providing a full description of coherent oscillation of polariton population transferred in the two pillars

throughout the tunneling barrier. Under non resonant pulsed excitation, coherent oscillations between B and AB

states are observed in time resolved experiments in analogy with recent findings in disordered potential [3]. In

our case the period of oscillation can be tuned by playing with the coupling energy J (i.e. the center to center

distance between pillars). The most spectacular effects are obtained under resonant excitation where polariton-

polariton repulsive interaction rules the main features of the coherent oscillations and rise strong nonlinear

effects. In order to fully investigate the nonlinear tunneling dynamic of PC we study the population oscillation

under symmetric and asymmetric excitation. Our results verify the predicted non-linear generalization of

tunneling oscillations in superconducting and super-fluid Josephson junctions in analogy with recent findings in

atomic systems [5]. Real space interferograms confirm a linear evolution of the PC phase, additionally, we

confirm the onset of strong anharmonicity of the oscillations[4] and a novel nonlinear effect known as

macroscopic quantum self-trapping [5],which leads to the frustration of large amplitude tunneling oscillations

when asymmetric pumping is used.

References

[1] M. Abbarchi et al., Nat. Phys. 9, 275 (2013)

[2] M. Galbiati et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 126403 (2012)

[3] K. G. Lagoudakis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 120403 (2010)

[4] I. A. Shelykh et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 041302(R) (2008)

[5] M. Albiez et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 010402 (2005)

∗ corresponding author : [email protected]

Present Address: IM2NP - UMR CNRS 7334 Aix-Marseille Universite Faculte des Sciences de Saint Jerome,

Case 142 13397 Marseille Cedex 20

S5 L03

AB-INITIO SIMULATIONS OF PLATINUM-GROUP CATALYSTS UNDER OXYGEN-RICH

CONDITIONS

Nicola SERIANI

The Abdus Salam ICTP Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy

The catalytic activity of nanostructured platinum-group catalysts is influenced by size and morphology of the

nanostructures. At the same time, morphology and stability of a nanostructure depend crucially on the

environmental conditions of fabrication and operation. It is therefore of fundamental interest to understand in

detail how the environment influences these properties. In this talk, I will discuss atomistic simulations based on

density functional theory aimed at investigating the formation and stability of bulk and nanostructured oxides of

platinum-group metals in an oxygen-rich environment. I will show that the thermodynamics of oxides is

different when the nanoscopic size is taken into account and that this has consequences for their functionality.

Moreover, the calculations predict that the addition of promoters like sodium can also lead

to the formation of unconventional oxide phases. I will thoroughly compare the calculations with experimental

results on oxidation state, morphology and functional behavior of nanostructures, and I will discuss open

questions and future developments.


118

[1] N. Seriani, W. Pompe, L. Colombi Ciacchi, Journal of Physical Chemistry B 110, 14860 (2006)

[2] N. Seriani, Z. Jin, W. Pompe, L. Colombi Ciacchi, Physical Review B 76, 155421 (2007)

[3] N. Seriani, F. Mittendorfer, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 20, 184023 (2008)

[4] A. Dianat, N. Seriani, M. Bobeth, W. Pompe, L. Colombi Ciacchi, Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112,

13623 (2008)

[5] N. Seriani, J. Harl, F. Mittendorfer, G. Kresse, Journal of Chemical Physics 131, 054701 (2009)

[6] N. Seriani, Journal of Physical Chemistry C 116, 22974 (2012)

S5 L04

BIOENGINEERING STRUCTURES AS DENTAL MATERIALS CHARACTERIZED BY ADVANCED

METHODS OF PHYSICS

Horia IOVU

University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Advanced Polymer Materials Group

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) based on dimethacrylate/epoxy resins with or without polyhedral

oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) additives were synthesized by in situ polymerization process. The differential

scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to study the curing parameters and also FT-IR spectrometry was employed

to reveal the influence of the organic groups from the POSS cages on the curing kinetics of the IPNs. Various

polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) structures were also used for hybrid systems synthesis in

combination with urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) monomer. In this case DSC was used to follow the degree

of conversion (DC) for the methacrylic groups founding that the chemical structure of the POSS compound

directly influences the DC value. Both advanced Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force

Microscopy (AFM) were employed to reveal the advanced morphological structure for the synthesized POSS-

based nanocomposites. The DSC data have been corroborated with those resulted from the NIR spectroscopy.

The introduction of POSS compound within the UDMA matrix leads to a decrease of the hybrid material

transparency due to the formation of agglomerates also pointed out by SEM analysis. In order to use as dental

materials the POSS-based nanocomposites were further studied concerning the kinetic behavior of the urethane

dimethacrylate (UDMA) copolymerized and reinforced by different concentrations of polyhedral oligomeric

silsesquioxane (POSS) with methacrylic groups through advanced Raman spectroscopy.

S5 L05

TAILORING PHOTOCATALYSTS NANOARCHITECTONICS FOR

DEGRADING INDUSTRIAL DYES

Livia BIBIRE, Laura DARTU*, Dragos MARDARE and Gabriela CARJA

*

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection,

Technical University “Gh. Asachi” of Iasi, Bd. D. Mangeron, Iasi 700554, Romania

* Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]

Nanostructured photoresponsive catalysts with desired compositions and/or morphologies have been attracted

much attention in the last decade because of their potential application in the removal of all kind of pollutants in

air or water. We report nanostructured photocatalysts based on layered double hydroxides, as active

photocatalysts for degrading the industrial dyes drimaren red (DR) and drimaren navy (DN). X-ray diffraction

(XRD), IR spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–vis analysis were used to

investigate the structure, composition, size-morphology and photoresponsive properties of the samples. The

optical spectrum gives information about the photoresponsive properties of the studied LDHs. The results point

out that the studied LDHs present high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of the dyes; the maximum

photocatalytic efficiency was almost 80% (Fig.1). The catalytic performances of the evolved nanostructured self-

assemblies are a function of the specific composition of the clay.


119

Fig.1. Degradation of DR, after 1.5 and 3h under irradiation, as a function of

number of catalytic run.

REFERENCES

1.G. Carja, E. Husanu, C. Gherasim and H.Iovu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 107 (2011) 253–259.

2.G. Carja,. A. Nakajima, S. Dranca, C. Dranca, and K.Okada, J. Phys. Chem. C 114 (2010) 14722–14728.

S5 L06

WETTING LAYER CONTRIBUTION TO InAs/GaAs (001) QUANTUM DOTS NUCLEATION

GH. V. CIMPOCA1, O. BUTE

1

1Valahia University of Targoviste, Faculty of Science and Arts, 2 King Carol I Street, 130024 Targoviste,

Romania. E-mail: [email protected]

We have followed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) the complete evolution of InAs/GaAs (001) quantum

dots as a function of deposited InAs. A step erosion process by quantum dots nucleated at the step edges is

evidenced. Analyzing the quantum dots volume as a function of InAs coverage, we show that a surface mass

contribution to quantum dots formation exists.

S5 L07

NEURAL NETWORKS TO PREDICT THE ULTIMATE TENSILE STREGTH OF AUSTENITIC

STAINLESS STEEL USING IN NUCLEAR INDUSTRY

ZĂGAN Remus 2, BORMAMBET Melat

1, ZĂGAN Sabina

2 & CHIŢU Greti

1

1OVIDIUS University of Constanta, Faculty of Mechanical Enginering, Blvd. Mamaia, No. 124, 900527,

Constanta, Romania Corresponding author, [email protected] 2 Maritime University of Constanta, Faculty of Naval Electromechanics, Mircea cel Bătrân Street, No. 104,

Constanta, Romania

In this paper, an artificial neral networks was developed to predict the ultimate tensile strength of austenitic

stainless steel using in nuclear industry. As input we consider the chemical composition of different austenitic

stainless steel plates. The networks was trained to predict the ultimate tensile strength amounts as output.The

artificial neural networs was developed and training using a back propagation algorithm applied to the

experimental data from literature. The predicted values are in very good agreement with the measured ones.


120

S5 L08

PULSE-MATCHED SYNTHESIS OF CONTINUOUS SOURCES FOR ULTRA-WIDE BAND

APPLICATIONS

Răzvan D. TAMAŞ, Daniela DEACU, Alin DĂNIŞOR and George CĂRUNTU

Constanta Maritime University, Str.Mircea cel Batran nr.104, 900663 Constanta

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Antenna synthesis can yield optimal radiating structures in terms of pattern diagram, gain, bandwidth or other

figures of merit. Although the synthesis might be more difficult for continuous sources than for antenna arrays

the resulting radiating structures are cheaper and easy to manufacture. Low-distortion antennas for specific

pulsed excitations can be achieved by using a method of moment (MoM) type approach based on a finite

expansion of the far-field, time-domain response. The synthesis is therefore focused on the resemblance between

the time-domain radiated waveform and the excitation waveform. Our approach is finally validated by

simulating and measuring different ultra-wide band antennas synthesized for particular waveforms of excitation.

S5 L09

ON THE USE OF COMPUTER ACOUSTIC MODELING ONBOARD SHIPS

Gheorghe SAMOILESCU, Tiberiu PAZARA

Naval Academy „Mircea cel Batran“, Constanta, Romania

The use of computer acoustic modeling onboard ships is a relatively new method in designing of a ship.

In the recent years, new materials have been developed in order to reduce the noise levels onboard ships [1,2,3].

Also, new proposals were made for the noise levels onboard merchant ships and passenger ships [4,5]. The

implementation of these new limits onboard ships means a careful design of the ship from early stages. For the

ships in construction, this can be easily, but for the existing ships (the ships in service), the implementation of

this limits is harder to achieve. To overcome this impediment, ship designers can use computer modeling

software which can give an optimum solution [6,7,8]. In this paper, the case of the control room onboard

training-ship Mircea is presented. Noise level in this control room, which is part of the engine compartment, is

78 – 80 dB(A) which exceeds the new limits proposed in standards. The engine compartment was modeled in

AutoCAD and then implemented in ODEON. Various materials for partition walls, doors and windows were

used in simulations. The values of the acoustic parameters of the materials, absorption coefficient and

transmission loss, were taken from the technical sheets of manufactures [1,2,3]. The noise levels obtained from

simulations were compared against the noise levels from measurements. In the end, remarks were made upon

which structure must be improved in order to decrease the noise level inside the control room.

1. SeaRox – Marine & Offshore Insulation, Technical Guidelines, 2012, http://www.rockwool-searox.com/

2. Isover Ultimate, http://www.isover-technical-insulation.com/MARINE-INSULATION

3. B6 Akustik A/S, http://www.b6akustik.dk/en/


121

4. IMO Report – Protection against noise on board ships – Proposals for the development of amendments to

SOLAS regulation II-1/36 and a revision of the Code on noise levels on board ships, DE 53/10, 18 december

2009

5. IMO Report to the Maritime Safety Committee, DE 56/25, 28 february 2012

6. Keith J. Mirenberg – Architectural Acoustic Modeling of Ship Noise and Sound Field Mapping, Sound &

Vibration / february 2011

7. C.L. Christensen, H.T. Foged – A room acoustical computer model for industrial environments – the model

and its verification; Euro-noise 98, Munchen, Proceedings, 1998

8. Billon A., Foy C., Valeau V., Picaut J., Sakout A. – Modeling the sound transmission through partition walls

using a diffusion model, International Symposium on Room Acoustics, Satellite Symposium of the 19th

International Congress on Acoustics, Seville, 10-12 september 2007

S5 L10

SEQUENTIAL PULSED LASER DEPOSITION OF Al DOPED AND Ni-Al CO-DOPED ZnO THIN

FILMS

Cristian URSU 1, Tudor COMAN

2 and Ovidiu Florin CALTUN

2

1Polymer Materials Physics Laboratory,

”Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Gr. Ghica

Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania 2Faculty of Physics, “Al. I. Cuza” University, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania

Although pulsed laser deposition (PLD) has been used extensively for manufacturing thin films of ZnO doped

with various elements, the particular case of sequential PLD (SPLD) has benefited from less attention and

consequently the results found in literature are scarce. The basic SPLD technique uses a single laser beam and

several individual targets in order to create complex compositions, ranging from compounds to doped

semiconductors and even alloys. In this work we focus on two types of materials deposited through SPLD, with

the aim of highlighting the influence of the method and the experimental conditions used on the resulting

structure, composition and physical properties.

Aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) is well known for its low electrical resistivity and high transmittance in the

visible region of the spectrum. It is one of the most promising materials in the class of transparent conductive

oxides, being suited for various applications in the field of optoelectronics. ZnO films with 0 - 5 % Al were

obtained at room temperature from the ablation of metallic targets of Zn and Al in reactive atmosphere and their

optical and electrical characteristics were evaluated as a function of oxygen pressure and Al content.

Using three targets (Zn, Al, Ni) we also deposited Ni-Al co-doped ZnO. ZnO:Ni belongs to the diluted magnetic

semiconductors (DMS) category. The introduction of Al3+

ions, which act as donors, is supposed to supply

additional free carriers and enhance its ferromagnetic properties. Two series of samples were investigated, one

with various Ni concentrations for a constant Al percentage and a second one with constant Ni content but

different Al concentrations. The purpose was to identify if SPLD can be used to manufacture ZnO – based DMS

materials and to modify their magnetic properties through co-doping.

Acknowledgements: This work was financially supported by the European Social Fund in Romania, under the

responsibility of the Managing Authority for the Sectoral Operational Programme for Human Resources

Development 2007-2013 [grant POSDRU/107/1.5/S/ 78342].

S5 L11

ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS

IN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

Antoaneta ENE

Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences

and Environment, 47 Domneasca St., 800008 Galati, Romania


This work presents some applications in metallurgical industry of instrumental neutron activation analysis

(INAA), using both thermal (reactor) neutrons and fast (14 MeV) neutrons obtained from industrial neutron

generators based on D-T 3H(d,n)

4He nuclear reaction.


122

The INAA technique is particularly effective in solving engineering problems where multielement analysis of a

great deal of samples is required. It was proved its contribution to solution of the major problems in the studies

of the chemical composition of industrial materials involved in the technological flux, related both to the purity

of final products and to the environmental releases of pollutants. In spite of competing non-nuclear analytical

techniques (XRF, AAS, ICP-AES, ICP-MS, etc.), the reactor INAA as a primary (ratio) method continues to be

the most powerful multi-element analytical technique providing quantification of trace elements at ultra low

levels.

Thermal neutron INAA was applied to investigate the trace elemental content of raw materials (iron ores) and

final products and by-(pig iron, deoxidized steel, slag) involved in metallurgical industry at Iron and Steel Works

at Galati (Romania). The sensitivity of analysis depends on the factor a/A (where is the effective activation

cross-section, a the natural abundance of the stable (target) nuclide and A the nucleus mass, as well as on the

Compton background in the spectra). Also, matrix effects – nuclear and spectral interferences – must be known

and the results corrected for. For the long-lived nuclides counting could be carried out at different decay times,

in order to best detect radio nuclides of various half lives.

A study of the capabilities of 14 MeV INAA used in extraction metallurgical industry for rapid determination of

alkali metals in raw materials intended for iron and steel industry and of gold in auriferous sands and rocks in

with respect to the interferences of all useful nuclear reactions has been accomplished using the neutron

generator facility from Activation Laboratory, Nuclear Unit, Iron and Steel Works of Galati.

Future work will comprise INAA investigation of trace elements in high purity materials, such as lithium and

boron nitrides, in the frame of Romanian-Russian collaboration.

S5 L12

DENSITY FUNCTIONAL STUDY OF SPIN-ORBIT COUPLING EFFECTS IN PHOSPHORESECNT

OLEDS

Boris MINAEV

The current level of development of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) enables their effective application in

the low-cost flat panel display technology and lighting [1]. Developing of high efficient blue OLEDs attracts a

special attention because their characteristics so far are inferior to those of red or green ones. This could be

associated with low thermal and structural stability of blue organic emitting layers [1], some problems with

synthesis of materials with good charge transport properties as well as with poor injection of charge carriers into

organic emitting layers from electrodes because of large band-gap [1]. In recent years a lot of efforts have been

concentrated on the development of phosphorescent light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) based on transition-metal

complexes because of high quantum efficiencies which can be attained in such devices [1]. Especially the

Iridium(III) cyclometalated complexes are attracting a great interest because of their unique intersystem crossing

rate and near 100% light harvesting of the singlet and triplet exciton recombinations. DFT calculations of spin-

orbit coupling effects in such species afford to clarify all structural properties necessary for efficient OLED [2].

But the high cost of heavy metal phosphorescent material is one of the key obstacles that prevent the widespread

of phosphorescent OLED. Another fabrication way of the highly efficient blue-emitting OLED involves the use

of doped fluorescent host emitter systems in simple device structure. It was recently shown the possibility of the

highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes fabrication from delayed fluorescence. In such OLEDs spin up-

conversion from non-radiative triplet states to radiative singlet states was proposed. Herewith both singlet and

triplet excitons take part at light emission generation. However, the development of the host-guest materials is a

complicated task, since it is necessary to provide a proper energy matching of singlet and triplet levels for the

high exciton formation probability and high thermal and morphological stability of the materials.

[1] B.F. Minaev, X. Li, Z. Ning, H. Tian, H. Agren. Organic Light Emitting Diode – Material, Process and

Devices. InTech, Rieca, 2011.

[2] B.F. Minaev, X. Li, H. Tian, H. Agren. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 20724–20731.

S5 L13

CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITIONS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS UNDER EXTERNAL FORCES:

EXAMPLES AND A STOCHASTIC PATH INTEGRAL THEORY FOR THEIR KINETICS

Ioan ANDRICIOAEI

Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA Email: [email protected],

Web:http://ps.uci.edu/~andricio/


123

I will present molecular dynamics simulations of several examples of conformational transitions that nucleic

acids and their complexes with proteins and nanoparticles undergo upon the application of external forces and/or

torques: (1) DNA supercoil relaxation by topoisomerases, (2) the condensation of DNA by dendrimers and (3)

RNA unfolding. Then I will showcase the use of the formalism of stochastic path integrals to deduce the

kinetics of these transitions, from simulation trajectories or experimental single molecule recordings of the

transition, under other conditions than those that are actually simulated or recorded.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S5 OP01

NANOCRYSTALLINE Sr-MANGANITE FOR CATALYTIC COMBUSTION OF HYDROCARBONS

C. DOROFTEI1,2

, P.D. POPA1, E. REZLESCU

1, N. REZLESCU

1




The high cost of the noble metals based catalysts drove many researchers to search for alternative materials as

inexpensive catalysts. The microstructure has a predominant role for catalytic purposes. Some of the most

promising materials for the catalyst applications are perovskites. The achievement of perovskites with high

specific surface areas and nanosized particles is a priority in the performance of a ceramic catalyst.

In this work the simple nanocrystalline Sr-manganite (SrMnO3) was synthesized by a novel self-combustion

method using polyvinyl alcohol as colloidal medium. The procedure offers the advantage of producing

nanosized, homogeneous and reproducible ceramic powders with precise stoichiometry.

The catalytic activity of the nanocrystalline Sr-manganite in the combustion reaction of some aliphatic and

aromatic hydrocarbons diluted in air was studied. Catalytic combustion of aromatic hydrocarbons starts at lower

temperatures, but the conversion rate is reduced. Catalytic combustion of aliphatic hydrocarbons starts at slightly

higher temperature, but the conversion rate exceeds 90%. Simple nanocrystalline Sr-manganite perovskite seems

to be a promising catalyst for low temperature (T<500 oC) combustion of aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Acknowledgements: This study was supported by a Grant CNST-UEFISCDI, Project PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-

0453.

References:

[1] S.K. Samantaray, K. Parida, Appl. Catal. B: Environmental 57, 83 (2005).

[2] S. Cimino, L. Lisi, R. Pirone, G. Russo, M. Turco, Catal. Today 59, 19(2000).

S5 OP02

A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF COUMARIN-BASED DYES ADSORBED ON TIO2

NANOCLUSTERS — APPLICATIONS TO DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS

Corneliu I. OPREA,1 Petre PANAIT,

1 Fanica CIMPOESU,

2

Marilena FERBINTEANU,3 and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

1,*

,**

1Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527, Romania 2Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest 060021, Romania


Coumarin-based dyes have been successfully used in dye-sensitized solar cells, leading to photovoltaic

conversion efficiencies of up to about 8% [1]. Given the need to better understand the behavior of the dye

adsorbed on the TiO2 nanoparticle, we report results of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT

studies of several coumarin-based dyes (C343, NKX-2398, and NKX-2311), as well as complex systems


124

consisting of the dye bound to a TiO2 cluster. We

provide the electronic structure and simulated UV-

Vis spectra of the dyes alone and adsorbed to the

cluster and discuss the matching with the solar

spectrum. Due to the better matching to the solar

irradiance spectrum, we concluded that NKX-2311 has

superior light harvesting properties to both NKX-

2398 and (especially to) C343. We discuss the charge

transfer of the photoelectron from the excited state of

the dye to the semiconductor based on an analysis of

the electron density distribution over the ground and

excited states of the dye. The transfer is hindered for

NKX-2398, but facilitated for NKX-2311, due to the

tendency of the electron density to be localized closer

to the COO– group (and the substrate) upon excitation by light absorption. The superiority of the more holistic

approach comes from the binding information it provides, as well as from its ability to deal with states that mix

dye and oxide character [2].

[1] K. Hara, T. Sato, R. Katoh, A. Furube, Y. Ohga, A. Shinpo, S. Suga, K. Sayama,

H. Sugihara, H. Arakawa,. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 597–606 (2003).

[2] C. I. Oprea, P. Panait, F. Cimpoesu, M. Ferbinteanu, M. A. Gîrţu, Materials, in press,

doi:10.3390/ma50x000x,

*Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the financial support received from SNSF and UEFISCDI under

the Romanian-Swiss Research Programme, through the grant RSRP #IZERO-142144/1 — PN-II-ID-RSRP-

1/2012.


POSTERS

S5 P01

DETECTION SYSTEM WITH NANOSTRUCTURED SURFACES FOR BIOSENSORS AND

IMAGING WITH RESOLUTION BELOW THE DIFFRACTION LIMIT

Costel Cotirlan-SIMIONIUC, Constantin LOGOFATU, Rodica GHITA, Catalin Constantin NEGRILA

National Institute for Materials Physics, 105 Bis Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-7, 077125, Bucharest-

Magurele, Romania

The new structure for detection system comprises two superlenses with nanostructured surfaces separated at an

adjustable distance, integrated into a recording and analysis set-up for imaging and absorption spectra. This

system implements spectroscopic techniques such as: Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy (SPRS), Angle-

Resolved Evanescent-Wave Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (AREW-CRDS) and enables imaging with

resolution below the diffraction limit in UV-VIS range. Can detect adsorbed molecules on the nanostructured

surfaces and monitors deposition or growth of high quality thin films for new types of optoelectronic

components.

The silver nanostructured arrays on plane surfaces obtained by nanosphere lithography are sub-wavelength

diffraction gratings. To overcome the diffraction limit and achieve optical imaging with nanoscale optical

resolution, the near-field (NF) signal and the far-field (FF) signal are superimposed. The evanescent waves from

NF of object are diffracted through the first superlens in propagating waves into FF.

Above superlenses a CCD camera records the radiation distribution from the NF to FF with a high diluted

analyte present into the analysis channel. The second superlens in the front of the CCD camera is a coupler with

nanometric period, coupler that is placed in the NF of the first superlens. By translating the high spatial

frequency moiré fringes in low spatial frequency fringes, the high-resolution information from the NF of the

object is translated in the FF for contrast enhancement. Results for testing of detection system are presented


125

without and with high diluted solutions of Rhodamine Chloride 590 in ethanol and for a nano-grating like object

in the NF of the first superlens.

S5 P02

TESTING THE INFRASOUND METHOD ON THE BLACK SEA COAST

I.A. MOLDOVAN(1)

, V.E. TOADER(1)

, A.S. MOLDOVAN(2)

, D.V.GHICA(1)

National Institute for Earth Physics, POBox MG2, 077125, Magurele, Romania

AZEL Designing Group Ltd, 077125, Magurele, Romania

At the beginning of year 2013 an infrasound monitoring system was installed by NIEP, at Mangalia,

Romania, on the Black Sea coast line to test the method in correlation with local, regional and global sources

producing acoustic waves with frequencies lower than 20Hz. From the multitude of infrasonic signals that have

been recorded during time, some have been associated with different natural or anthropogenic sources as:

earthquakes, auroras, wind and storms, sea waves and tsunamis, explosions, wind mills activity, etc (Campus P.

et al, 2010). The source of many other infrasonic signals is still hidden and unknown for our knowledge.

The 6 months recordings show a predictable behavior of infrasonic activity on the seashore, suggesting the

presence of highly coherent infrasound waves in atmosphere. This type of waves was never recorded by our

infrasonic sensors in other locations far away from the sea shore (as can be seen in a comparative way between

MANR and PLOR2 on Fig 1 a,b).

Figure 1. Infrasound data recorded on (a) 22

nd April 2013 on MANR station with MBAZEL2007 device. This

device was formerly installed in PLOR2; (b) 24th

January 2011 on PLOR2 station with the same MBAZEL2007

device as in Figure 1a.

The precise source of these signals at higher frequencies is yet undetermined but at least two suppositions can

be made: the first one refers to the composition of atmosphere, that might be possible to act as a band-pass filter

which selects certain preferred frequencies from the background infrasonic noise induced by water's surface.

The propagation parameters of this "filter" may be altered by aerosols concentration, humidity, temperature and,

perhaps, by other factors. The second one, emphasized by the interesting aspect of the spectrogram in Figure 1a,

resides in well defined, visible superior harmonics of the dominant signal, which develops between 0-7Hz,

suggests that the source is more likely to be about a local, coherent and powerful source of infrasounds, as the

α α AREW-CRDS mirror

Objectiv

20

21

Analyte input Analyte output

Detail of

nanostructured

surface

Δα Δα

22

Object nano-grating

CCD

Laser PMT

SPRS

Monitor

AREW-CRDS

Monitor

Spectrometer

Second

superlens

First superlens


126

big European land-based wind farm installed at Fantanele/Cogealac is. These harmonics are clear and create the

specific "spider-legs" aspect present in spectrograms. Because the frequency domain is relatively large and

reaches values as high as 7Hz, it is difficult for us to assume that the source of these signals is originating in

natural phenomena, giving priority to the second supposition that identifies the wind mills activity as the source

of recorded infrasound signals.

Corroborating the infrasound spectrograms with local meteorological data, as the wind speed, magnitude of

sea waves or atmospheric electric field amplitude, could yield important scientific conclusions, beneficial both

for authorities and academic media.

Campus P. and Christie D. R., 2010) Worldwide Observations of Infrasonic Waves, Le Pichon et al. (eds.),

Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-9508-5_6, © Springer Science +

Business Media B.V. 2010.

S5 P03

THE EFFECT OF SOLAR STORMS ON SEISMIC AND GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY AS

RECORDED IN VRANCEA SEISMOGENIC AREA

MOLDOVAN Iren Adelina(1)

, Victorin Emilian TOADER(1)

, Emilia POPESCU(1)

, Anica Otilia PLACINTA(1)

,

Angela Petruta CONSTANTIN(1)

(1)

National Institute for Earth Physics, PO Box MG2, 077125, Magurele, Romania, [email protected]

Using statistical approaches, we try to find a degree of correlation between three phenomena: the solar activity,

the seismicity and the geomagnetic field behavior.

On one part, the solar activity influences the geomagnetic field, giving rise to two types of variations: regular

and irregular variations. Daily, seasonal and cyclic 11 years period are regular magnetic field variations and arise

from current systems caused by regular and periodic solar radiation changes. These regular variations are

composed with the irregular variations due to the irregular activity of the Sun. The magnetic activity indices (Ak,

Kp, ap and so on) are designed to describe variation in the geomagnetic field caused by the irregular current

systems produced by the multiple interactions between the solar wind, the magnetosphere and by the ionosphere

itself. The sunspot number has its reflection in the regular 11 years cycle of the geomagnetic activity and the

irregular solar currents (ap index) have the reflection in the irregular variations of the geomagnetic activity and is

currently used for the identification of magnetic storms. Both are influencing the geomagnetic activity and

records. Tectonic activity, on the other part, sometimes has its own signature on the geomagnetic field.

The data used in this paper are obtained from the seismicity of Vrancea source zone (Romplus catalogue), the

geomagnetic field recorded by the Romanian geomagnetic observatories (Muntele Rosu-MLR and Surlari NIEP

– SRL and INTERMAGNET - SUA) and the global magnetic activity indices obtained from NOAA

(http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/alerts/solar_indices.html). The time span of more than 15 years of recordings is

covering more than one solar cycle, giving us the opportunity to study the correlation during low and high solar

activity periods.

A special designed software is used for this study. It allows the visualization and analyzing long time intervals of

records as seismicity, geomagnetic field and solar activity parameters.

S5 P04

A DEMONSTRATION FOR THE WEIGHTED MEAN AND ITS IMPROVED DISPERSION

Enric Leon GRIGORESCU1, Viorel SERBAN

1

1“Horia Hulubei” National Institute of R&D for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Magurele,

Romania.

The paper treets with the weighted mean w, wich appears when a quantity is measured with different methods

with different standard deviations σi and a best mean must be obtained. Attention is given to possible type B (

systematic ) components of uncertainty. In the literature, demontrations are found for the w formula and its

associated two types of dispersions D1 (internal) and D2 (external). The text explains why D2 is the confident

value. The paper contains a simple new calcules, producing the formula of w with the expression of absolute

weight, wi. An original calcules is presented for a new D3 dispersion, wich considers the fluctuations of wi (

aspect not found in literature !). Comments are made for conditioners wich allow to neglect D3.


127

S5 P05

THE DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEWAGE SLUDGE FROM DAMBOVITA

COUNTY TO BE USED IN AGRICULTURE

R. BANCUTA1, I. BANCUTA

2, R. SETNESCU

2,3, A. CHILIAN

2, T. SETNESCU

2,3, R. ION

6, GH. V.

CIMPOCA2,4

, I. V. POPESCU2,4

, A. GHEBOIANU2, O. CULICOV

3,5,

1The Water Company from Targoviste, Dambovita County, 130055, Romania

2Valahia University of Targoviste, Multidisciplinary Research Institute for Sciences and Technologies, 130024,

Targoviste, Romania 3 R&D Institute for Electrical Engineering, Department for Advanced Materials, 313 Spl. Unirii, 030138,

Bucharest, Romania 4Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050094, Bucharest, Romania

5JINR Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

6National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry - Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei


The purpose of the study is to determine the heavy metal content in sewage sludge. These sewage sludge comes

from wastewater treatment plants from Dambovita County (cities: Fieni, Moreni, Gaesti, Pucioasa and

Targoviste). Sewage sludge has valuable agronomic properties in agriculture. In using sewage sludge must be

taken of the nutrient needs of the plants without, however, impairing neither the quality of the soil nor that of

surface and ground water. Some heavy metals present in sewage sludge may be toxic to plants and humans. The

concentrations of heavy metals in the sewage sludge were determined by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence

Spectrometry (EDXRF) and by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS).

S5 P06

THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH ZINC CONCENTRATIONS FROM SOIL ON ABSORPTION AND

TRANSPORT PROCESSES OF COPPER, MANGANESE, IRON IN ZEA MAYS L

A. CHILIAN1, R. BANCUTA

2, I. BANCUTA

1, R. SETNESCU

1,3, C. RADULESCU

1, T. SETNESCU

1,3, GH.

V. CIMPOCA1,4

, I. V. POPESCU1,4

, A. GHEBOIANU1, R.-M. ION

1,5

1Valahia University of Targoviste, Multidisciplinary Research Institute for Sciences and Technologies, 130024,

Targoviste, Romania 2The Water Company from Targoviste, Dambovita County, 130055, Romania

3 R&D Institute for Electrical Engineering, Department for Advanced Materials, 313 Splaiul Unirii, Bucharest

030138, Romania 4Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050094, Bucharest, Romania

5 Department of Analysis, National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry

ICECHIM, Bucharest, Romania

The aim of this study is to study the influence of high concentrations of zinc from soil on the distribution of

certain important micronutrients (Cu, Mn, Fe) in different parts of maize. Due to the statistical analysis it was

observed that zinc may produce significant changes in the processes of absorption and transport of other

elements. Zinc stress affects mostly absorption and transport of Fe and Cu in maize. Significant correlations are

observed between increase of zinc concentration from the soil and the decrease of Fe level in mature leaves (p <

0.05). The increase of zinc level from soil leads to a decrease copper level in young leaves (p < 0.05), but also to

increase of manganese concentration (p < 0.05). For elemental analysis has been using Energy Dispersive X-ray

fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).

S5 P07

THE CLAUSIUS-MOSSOTTI FACTOR IN LOW FREQUENCY FIELD OF THE POWDERS

RESULTED FROM WASTES COMBUSTION

Iosif MALAESCU 1 , Mihai LUNGU

1 , Raluca GIUGIULAN (POENARU)

1 , Nicolae STRAMBEANU

2

1West University of Timisoara, Faculty of Physics, Bd. V. Parvan, no.4, 300223 Timisoara, Romania

2Pro Air Clean Ecologic SA, Str. Sulina no. 6b, 300516, Timisoara, Romania


128

Using the complex dielectric permittivity measurements in the frequency range between 25 Hz to 2 MHz, the

frequency ( ) dependence of the Clausius-Mossotti factor, ( )K for some ash powder micro/nanoparticles

samples, resulted from combustion processes municipal wastes, was determined.

The results show that if the ash powder is dispersed in air, Re[ ( )] 0K , for all samples and at all

frequencies in the investigated range. Therefore, it is possible a filtering of flue gas using positive

dielectrophoresis (pDEP), by trapping the nanoparticle in the area of the strongest electric field. The theoretical

study which was performed in this paper, show that the Re[ ( )]K may change from a positive to a negative

value, at a critical frequency, cf (which decreases from 1.416 kHz to 0.31 kHz), if the dielectric permittivity of

the dispersion medium, increases from 3 to 10.

Therefore, there is a shift from positive dielectrophoresis (pDEP) to negative dielectrophoresis (nDEP), and the

particles can it to move from regions by high electric field gradient to regions by low electric field gradient.

The results obtained shown that, there are the possibility of use the DEP, for retaining through manipulation and

spatial separation controlled of the nanoparticles from the powder samples investigated, leading to purification of

exhausted combustion gases and reduction of the air pollution.

S5 P08

X-RAY TECHNIQUES FOR M ATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION

Antoaneta ENE1, Constantin GHEORGHIES

1, Oleg V. IGNATENKO

2, Marina V. FRONTASYEVA

3

1 Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Physics

and Environment, 47 Domneasca St, 800008 Galati, Romania,

e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus,

P. Brovka St., 19, Minsk, 220072, Belarus, [email protected] 3 Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region,

Russia, e-mail: [email protected]

Knowledge of trace element content and microstructure of industrial materials is important for engineers and

technologists working in various branches due to the fact that these parameters influence the properties of the

final product. Many analytical techniques have been developed to investigate the micro-composition of materials

with different uses and much attention has been paid to atomic and nuclear spectroscopic techniques which have

the advantage of being multi-elemental and very sensitive for a large range of chemical elements. This work

provides some results obtained by the application of X-ray based techniques for the characterization of various

industrial samples from Iron and Steel Works of Galati, Romania, (steel, slag) and new synthesized materials

(lithium and boron nitrides) obtained at National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, with regard of micro-

composition and structure. The employed techniques are X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) with energy dispersion

(ED-XRF) and coupled with scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Aspects

concerning the limit of detection, the range of elements analyzed, matrix effects and spectral interferences in

XRF, and its complementarity with other micro-analytical techniques are discussed. Application of SEM-EDX

using a Quanta 200 FEI type scanning electron microscope at Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania, for

the investigation of micro-composition of steels and metallurgical slag allowed the determination of chemical

elements in industrial samples (B, C, O, La, Ga, Mo, Pr, Rh, Na, K, Mg, Al, Ti, Si, V, P, Nd, Ca, Cr, Ni, Cu, Sm,

Mn, Fe, Co, Zn) and of impurity content in Li3N samples (Na, Fe, Cl, Zr), besides the transformation of lithium

nitride into carbonate with increasing synthesizing pressure. This technique has also been extensively applied

lately for the investigation of environmental and biological micro-objects in order to correlate the trace element

compositional scheme with the distribution pattern of constituent particles and their shape in relation with

different physical-chemical properties. XRD technique using a DRON-3.0 diffractometer (Cu-Kα radiation) was

employed at Dunarea de Jos University of Galati for the evaluation of size and shape of amorphous and

crystalline phases, transformation of phases during activation processes, lattice parameters, texture, internal

tensions, and mineralogy in different materials and, by using advanced software for processing the XRD spectra,

the automatic determination of phases and chemical compounds existing in inclusions is possible. On-going

work is carried out in the frame of Romanian-Russian collaboration between Dunarea de Jos University of Galati

and Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia, by using

SEM-EDX and XRD for the investigation of microstructure and micro-composition of advanced materials with


129

special properties from Li-N and B-N systems synthesized in different nitrogen pressure conditions and

mechanically activated for different periods, which are used for hydrogen storage and various engineering

purposes (tool industry, microelectronics).

S5 P09

MOSS BIOMONITORING OF AIR QUALITY IN ROMANIA

POPESCU V. I.1,6,8

, FRONTASYEVA M.2, STIHI C.

1,6, ENE A

3., CUCU-MAN S.

4, TODORAN R.

5,

CULICOV O.2, ZINICOVSCAIA I.

2, MY TRINH

2, PAVLOV S.S.

2, RADULESCU C.1,

6, CHILIAN A

6,7,

GHEBOIANU A.6, BANCUTA R.

7, CIMPOCA GH. V.

1,6, BANCUTA I.

6, DULAMA I.

6 , TOMA L.G.

6,

BUCURICA A.6, DIMA G.1,

6, CHELARESCU E.D.

8,9, DRASOVEAN R.

3, SION A.

3,

CONDURACHE-BOTA S.3, BUHACEANU R.

4, TARCAU D.

4, TODORAN D

5.

1Valahia University of Targoviste, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Sciences Department, 2 Carol I St., 130024,

Targoviste, Romania,[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region,

Russia, [email protected] 3Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences

and Environment, 111 Domneasca St., 800201 Galati, Romania 4Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Chemistry, 11 Carol I St., 700506, Iasi, Romania

5Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center, 62A Victor Babes St., 430083, Baia Mare,

Romania 6Valahia University of Targoviste, Multidisciplinary Research Institute for Sciences and Technologies, 13 Sinaia

St., 130004, Targoviste, Romania 7Valahia University of Targoviste, Doctoral School on Engineering Sciences, 35 Lt. Stancu Ion St., 130105,

Targoviste, Romania 8“Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului St.,P.O.BOX MG-6,

Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 9University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School, P.O.BOX MG - 11, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele,

Romania

The aim of this study was to assess the air quality in Romania using terrestrial moss, to reveal highly

polluted critical regions in the country in order to permanently survey the degree of atmospheric pollution and to

contribute to the European moss survey 2010/11 conducted under the auspices of the UNECE ICP Vegetation

covering some “white areas” in the map of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in Europe.Within the

bilateral project JINR- Romania, “Nuclear and related analytical techniques for Environmental and Life

Sciences”, moss samples were collected during the summer/autumn of 2010 at 303 sites in Romania: in the

Carpathian Mountains, Transylvanian plateau, and Moldavia province, following internationally accepted

guidelines. Nuclear analytical technique Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA, IUCN-Dubna, Rusia) and Atomic

Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS-Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania) were used to determine the

concentration of minor and trace elements in moss samples collected in 2010 from Romania. The results for

mean, median and geometric mean are compared with those previously obtained in 1990, 1995 and 2000

campaigns and the maps of the distribution of heavy metals were realized. A total of 42 elements (Na, Mg, Al,

Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm,

Eu, Tb, Hf,Ta, W, Au, Hg, Pb, Th, and U) were determined by NAA (JINR-Dubna) complemented by AAS

(Valahia University of Targoviste) Romania. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated.

References

1. http:icpvegetation.ceh.ac.uk/heavy metals and nitrogen in mosses.European survey 2010/11.

2. 21st International Seminar on Interaction of Neutrons with Nuclei: «Fundamental Interactions & Neutrons,

Nuclear Structure, Ultracold Neutrons, Related Topics» (ISINN21), Alushta, Ukraine, 20.05.-25.05.2013

S5 P10

STRUCTURAL, ELECTRICAL AND CATALYTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF

NANOSTRUCTURED IRON MANGANITE

C. DOROFTEI1,2

, P.D. POPA1, E. REZLESCU

1, N. REZLESCU

1



130



In this work the self-combustion method was applied to synthesize simple iron manganite (FeMnO3)

nanopowders. Among the various methods known, the self-combustion method allows a good control over the

size of the material particles. In this method, the thermal energy for the reaction of manganite crystallites

synthesis is supplied by a fast exothermic combustion reaction and the final product is a finely divided powder.

The procedure offers the advantage of producing ultra-fine, homogeneous reproducible multicomponent ceramic

powders with precise stoichiometry.

We determined a series of microstructural, electrical and catalytic properties of nanostructured materials

obtained by this method. Among the electrical properties, electrical sensitivity to environmental humidity in 0-

98% RH intervals was also investigated. The catalytic activity of the nanocrystalline iron manganite in the

combustion reaction of acetone vapors and of some hydrocarbons diluted in air was studied. The perovskite thus

obtained has a favorable microstructure for obtaining humidity sensors and catalysts for the combustion of gases

and vapors diluted in the air.

Acknowledgements: This study was supported by a Grant CNST-UEFISCDI, Project PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-

0453.

References:

[1] W. Wang, A.V. Virkar, Sens. Act. B: 98, 282 (2004).

[2] S.K. Samantaray, K. Parida, Appl. Catal. B: Environmental 57, 83 (2005).

S5 P11

MODELING OF GASEOUS POLLUTANT DISPERSION IN THE VICINITY OF AN

INTEGRATED IRON AND STEEL WORKS

Viorel MUNTEANU1, Antoaneta ENE

2

1

Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Materials and Environment Engineering, Department of

Environmental Engineering and Metallurgical Technological Systems, 111 Domneasca St, 800201 Galati,


2 Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Physics

and Environment, 47 Domneasca St, 800008 Galati, Romania

This paper reports the development of a modelling system for air pollutants dispersion around the

integrated iron and steel works at Galati, Romania, based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) which is

appropriate for applications that involve complex geometries. FLUENT®

6.3 software was employed using

Pressure-Based Coupled Solver (PBCS) as numerical solver. This software uses advanced mathematical models

to calculate the chemical substances mixture situated in any state of aggregation (gaseous, liquid – droplets or

solid – particles) and also permits the modelling and simulations of the flowing phenomena using Navier-Stokes

model which describes the fluids behaviour.

For the area around Galati town it was took into consideration an almost rectangular area with a side of 13

km. This area includes also the whole sector correspondent to the Galati iron and steel complex, located in the

western part of the town. The 3D virtual space was simulated using TGRID and the construction of the

computational mesh was done using GAMBIT. The grid contained 3,380,000 cells. The wind speed and

atmospheric turbulences variations with the altitude were calculated for a medium speed of 7.5 m/s, which

corresponds to the medium annual speed in the Galati region of 4.7 m/s at a height of 10 m (pursuant to the

meteorological standards, the wind speed is measured at 10–30 m height from the ground). It can be seen the

very important effect that the friction with the ground has upon the speeds profiles, the wind speed value

growing fast in the first 100 m. Dispersion modelling was made with the chemical species transport model help

available in FLUENT® which uses the Fick’s law for the chemical species diffusion in laminar or turbulent

regime. The turbulent Schmidt number (Sct) for the turbulent flow was set at 0.7. The fluxes values were

considered identical for all pollutants and the same in all studied situations (three wind scenarios). The

turbulence model selected for all the numerical simulations is SST k-omega.

Some conclusion could be driven linked to different polluting factors arising from the activity of iron and

steel complex: 1) the pollutants in a gas state with lower density comparative with that of the air (for example

NH3) present a lower risk due to a faster dispersion along height and of the concentration diminution from the

ground vicinity; 2) the pollutants with higher density than that of air (SO2, NO2), have the tendency to remain a

longer time in the ground vicinity, getting dispersed especially on the horizontal direction and lass on the


131

vertical, the affected area by big concentrations being more extended; 3) the gases with density close to the

atmospheric one (CO, H2S) have a intermediary behavior.

The results bring an advantage to the user, namely the possibility to simulate numerically situations that

require a maximum degree of precision and detail, virtual situations (ecologic accidents, natural disasters, etc.),

dispersion of pollutants in air, water and even soil, being a tool both for authorities and for operators of industrial

processes, where ambient concentrations resulting from discharges need to be assessed for human health and

ecological reasons.

S5 P12

RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS

IN GALATI TOWN, EASTERN ROMANIA

Antoaneta ENE1, Viorel MUNTEANU

2

1Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Department of Chemistry,

Physics and Environment, 47 Domneasca St, 800008 Galati, Romania, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Faculty of Materials and Environment Engineering, Department of

Environmental Engineering and Metallurgical Technological Systems, 111 Domneasca St, 800201 Galati,


This paper reports the results obtained for specific global beta activity of atmospheric aerosols in Galati

town, Eastern Romania, in the frame of a TACIS PHARE project referring to the development and extension of

the integrated monitoring laboratory of environmental media (air, water, soil) in the Lower Danube Euroregion,

Galati-Cahul area – a transboundary region between Romania and Republic of Moldova.

222 measurements were carried out in September 2009 in four sites from Galati town, namely the Galati

Municipality (GM), the Central Plaza (CP), Micro 39A quarter (M39) and Micro 17 quarter (M17). The filters of

aerosols were analysed for immediate beta radioactivity after 3 minutes of sampling with the aid of a Mirion

Technologies portable nuclear spectrometer available at Dunarea de Jos University of Galati. The obtained

average value (mean ± standard deviation; n=222) of specific beta radioactivity was 0.745±0.098 Bq/m3, with a

minimum value of 0.422 Bq/m3

(M17), and a maximum value of 1.018 Bq/m3 (GM). Comparison of sites for the

average specific beta activity leads to the following sequence GM>M39>CP>M17, with the corresponding

values: 0.791±0.048; 0.607±0.035; 0.587±0.032 and 0.540±0.088 Bq/m3, respectively. The radioactivity level

varied with site, day and hour, due to the temporal fluctuations of natural/cosmogenic radioactivity,

meteorological conditions, closeness to the iron and steel industrial complex and presence of radiation emitted

by building materials. For the measurements inside the Galati Municipality building carried out in six different

days (n=166), the relative standard deviation obtained was in the range 4.21-8.96%. It was observed that

maximum values for GM site were obtained in the case when PC monitors and office printers were functioning

(0.910 and 1.018 Bq/m3, respectively). Compared the two residential quarters, M39 is closest to the iron and

steel works and M17 location is the farthest.

The results were compared with the official reports of Regional Environmental Agency of Galati for

immediate beta radioactivity of aerosols collected two times per day in September 2009 in the Environment

Radioactivity Surveying Station of Galati located in the area of the institution (2.46 Bq/m3) and with the

respective annual average value (2 Bq/m3), our results being much lower than the corresponding official reports

and the attention/warning limit (10/50 Bq/m3). The obtained results are an important statistical element for

annual evaluation of radioactivity in SE region of Romania and for national reports and will serve as a base in

further investigations.

S5 P13

ALARA PRINCIPLE APPLICATION IN THE DECOMMISSIONING ACTIVITIES OF THE

UNDERGROUND RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENTS PIPES FROM THE IFIN-HH VVR-S RESEARCH

REACTOR

Ioan IORGA, Alexandru PAVELESCU, Mitica DRAGUSIN

Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Romania


132

The IFIN-HH VVR-S Nuclear Research Reactor was built between 1955 - 1957 and operated until 1997. During

his life time, it was functional a number of 113,467 h, including 2,000 h at 3.0-3.5 MW power. The total thermal

energy produced was 9,510 Mwh/d.

Decommissioning of the reactor started in 2010 and will be completed in three phases, until 2021. The reactor

was fitted with a 30 m3 radioactive effluents leakages pond connected by an underground pipe with two 300 m

3

radioactive effluents storage ponds belonging to the IFIN-HH Radioactive Waste Treatment Plant (STDR).

The decommissioning of the reactor underground pipe structures was also planned to take place in three

execution phases in function of the working area.

There were three types of pipes that were decommissioned:

- A radioactive effluents transporting stainless steel pipe with an exterior diameter of 108 mm and a wall

thickness of 5 mm, buried in the ground at depth between 7 m and 2.75 m;

- A ventilation carbon steel pipe, for the 300 m3 ponds with an exterior diameter of 62 mm and wall

thickness of 5 mm, buried in the ground at depth between 1.5 m and 2.5 m;

- A ventilation carbon steel pipe, for the exhausted filter storage with an exterior diameter of 108 mm

and a wall thickness of 5 mm, buried in the ground at depth between buried in the ground at depth

between 1.5 m and 2.5 m, as well;

In the first phase, it was necessary to remove the underground pipes because of the preparatory activities (sitting,

authorization and building) of the European Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP).

The entire pipe decommissioning activities were performed taking into account strict radiation protection

measures, industrial safety, risk management and nuclear safety culture. The ALARA Principle for maintaining

the radiation protection exposure As Low as is Reasonable Achievable was specifically implied.

For the optimization of protection principle two guiding lines were observed:

- Implementation of a predictive approach for limiting the assumed risks;

- Dose limits conforming was not considered sufficient, therefore radiation protection had be optimized

taking into account the equipment, processes and work management.

Finally, specific measures and practices were taken into account to minimise risks and perform activities by

taking into consideration specific personnel experience and knowledge, type equipment and tools used, weather

and environmental conditions, safety practices and lessons learned, as follows:

- Reduce the mechanical risks by reinforcing the digging trench walls;

- Monitoring the airborne radioactive aerosols in the trench narrow spaces;

- Limiting works in narrow spaces (for instance cutting a 100 m pipe using only 3 cuts inside the trench,

and the rest of cutting being securely being performed outside the trench);

- Limiting the possibly of personnel exposure using the shortest calculated in situ work time;

- Avoiding the presumptive spread of contamination and leakage using covers from polyethylene and

metal vats;

- Using special safety measure like purging of compressed air through the pipes before the cutting;

- Using the inside contaminated pipes as a shield/casing for the 220 l concrete drums to store other more

active wastes at the IFIN-HH STDR;

- Optimizing the pipe cut segmentation for easy manipulation and storage.

As a result of this approach, the decommissioning activities of the underground radioactive effluents pipe

structures from the IFIN-HH VVR-S Research Reactor were successfully accomplished in a short time with

minimal expenses, as well as without any environmental incidents, damages to equipment and injuries to

working personnel and general public.

S5 P14

EVALUATION OF LIMESTONE WITH NON-INVASIVE ANALITICAL METHODS

Anca-Andreea BALOG1, Nicoleta COBÎRZAN

1, Lucian BARBU-TUDORAN

2

1Faculty of Construction, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Baritiu 25, 4, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,

[email protected] 2Faculty of Biology-Geology, „Babeş-Bolyai” University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084, Cluj-Napoca,

A large number of constructions made of natural rocks are composed of limestone blocks where the

determination of the physical and mechanical properties or mineralogical and petrographical composition is

often difficult because the possibility of extracting samples is reduced (involving a large number of samples,

collected from different areas of the buildings members).


133

In these rocks (limestone), the qualitative analyses in thin sections are incomplete due to polymorphic

transformations of carbonate minerals, being necessary to complete them with x-ray diffraction (XRD), EDX

and chemical composition analysis.

Non-invasive methods of analysis are preferable in such cases precisely because very small quantities of samples

is required (several grams powder) with the possibility of rapid investigation. These analysis techniques can

determine: the mineralogical and chemical composition of rocks (qualitative and quantitative) and secondary

mineralogical decays such as those produced by salts (efflorescence, gypsum “black crust”).

In this study, fine limestone powder samples and rock samples were analyzed by classical methods (density,

weight, volume, apparent density, porosity, compactness, water absorption, compressive strength, thin sections,

and polished sections) and by non-invasive one (XRD, EDX, SEM) (Figures 1…4).

The aim of this paper it was to determine the characteristics of limestone in order to prevent further deterioration

that may result from differentiated behaviors, secondary pressure crystallization, differentiated deformability,

and chemical reactions with the environment or with mortar used in the construction.

Figure 1 EDX analysis

Figure 2 X-ray diffraction of limestone

Figure 3 Thin section Figure 4 Images to scaning electron

microscopy (SEM)

REFERENCES:


134

1. Anastasiu, N., 1988. Petrologie sedimentară. Editura Tehnică, Bucureşti.

2. Evamy, B. D., 1963. The application of a chemical staining technique to a study of dedolomitisation.

Sedimentology, v. 2, pp.164-170.

3. Rozenbaum, O., Emmanuelle Trong, Rouet J.-L., Bruand, A., 2007. 2D-Image analysis: A

complementary tool for characterizing quarry and wethered building limestones (http://hal.archives-

ouvertse.fr/docs/00/08/45/30/PDF/text et figures Rozenbaum.pdf)

4. STAS 6200/10-73- Pietre naturale fasonate pentru construcţii- Metode de încercări fizice, mecanice şi

mineralogice. Determinarea densităţii şi greutăţii volumice

5. STAS 6200/12-73- Pietre naturale fasonate pentru construcţii- Metode de încercări fizice, mecanice şi

mineralogice.Determinarea absorbţiei de apă şi a cedării apei.

6. STAS 6200/13-80- Pietre naturale pentru construcţii - Determinarea compactitatii, porozitatii si a

coeficientului de saturatie.

S5 P15

CHARACTERISATION OF MORTARS COMPATIBILITY USING MICROSCOPICAL AND XRD

ANALYSIS

Nicoleta COBÎRZAN1, Voicu DUCA

2, Anca-Andreea BALOG

1

1Faculty of Construction, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Baritiu 25, 4, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,

[email protected] 2Faculty of Biology - Geology, „Babeş-Bolyai” University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084, Cluj-Napoca,

Old masonry work is inhomogeneous and anisotropic building material, composed of masonry units and mortar

whose mechanical and physical characteristics influences its behavior in time. Using higher-strength materials

(such as cement mortar instead of lime mortar), can lead to appearance of inhomogeneous areas in masonry

works and local stresses, which can cause high mechanical actions on adjacent materials accelerating in this way

masonry decay.

Using Portland cement in the restoration of ancient buildings is not allowed because it causes a sulphate attack

on carbonate contained in limestone which leads to the so known "black crust".

Replacement or reconstruction of destroyed or detached building materials from one construction, requires

finding mortars with similar properties to those used originally, in order to prevent further damages.

A method of rehabilitation /consolidation /restoration is effective during the time if the mortar used for

intervention is realized based on compatible recipes from mineralogical, petrographical and mechanical point of

view.

In thin sections (Figure 1) can be determined the mineralogical composition of ancient mortars, but sometimes

these determinations are insufficient for knowing the "mortar recipe" involving detailed X-ray diffraction

(XRD). That determination (X-ray diffraction) (Figure 2) allows identification of the type of binder aggregate of

a mortar composition, characterization of lime mortars and their differentiation from those of cement.

a. b.

Figure 1 Thin sections:

a) old mortar - carbonate corrosion of quartz boundaries

b) new mortar - carbonate corrosion of quartz


135

a. b.

Figure 2 XRd analysis

old mortar (a), new mortar (b)

This study analyzes the mortar samples taken from an existing building, using destructive investigation methods

(thin sections, compressive strength, water absorption, porosity, etc.) and non-destructive analytical technique

(X-ray diffractions) to obtain a mortar compatible with it.

REFERENCES:

1. D. Voicu, 2010: Bazele fizico-chimice şi mineralogice ale petroarheometriei, Seria mineralogia

aplicată, Editura Arcadia Media.

2. Van Hees, R. P.J., 2000. Damage Diagnosis and Compatible Repair Mortars. Proceeding of the

International Rilem Workshop, Historic Mortars: Characterisation and Tests. Pp.27-36, Paisley,

Scotland.

3. MP 025-04, 2004: Metodologie pentru evaluarea riscului si propunerile de interventie necesare la

structurile constructiilor monumente istorice in cadrul lucrarilor de restaurare ale acestora

4. E. Maroty, J. Kalmar, 2006: About the stone material and mortar composition of the Roman buildings,

Ulcsia Castra, Szentendre, Hungary, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences,

vol.1/2006, nr.1, Baia Mare

5. B. Middendorf , J.J. Hughes , K. Callebaut, G. Baronio and I. Papayianni, (2005): Investigative methods

for historic mortars- Part 2: Chemical characterisation, RILEM TC 167-COM: 'Characterisation of

Old Mortars with Respect to their Repair', Materials and Structures, 771-780, (available online at

www.rilem.net)

6. A. Palomo, M.T. Blanco-Varela, S. Martinez-Ramirez, F. Puertas and C. Fortes Eduardo Torroja:

Historic Mortars: Characterization and Durability. New Tendencies for Research, (available online at

http://www.arcchip.cz/w09/w09_palomo.pdf)

7. A. Estêvão Candeias1, P. Nogueira2 & J. Mirão2 at all. : „Characterization of ancient mortars: present

methodology and future perspectives, (available online at http://www.eu-

artech.org/files/Ext_ab/candeias.pdf).

S5 P16

SATELLITE DATA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION IN

BUCHAREST URBAN AREA

M. A.ZORAN, R.S.SAVASTRU, D.M. SAVASTRU

1National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Remote Sensing Dept., MG5 Bucharest -Magurele, 077125

Romania,

Air pollution has become a very important environmental problem in Bucharest metropolitan area in

Romania. In spite of improvements in air quality observed in Bucharest after 1990, still concentrations of

particulate matter PM (PM10, PM2.5), ozone and other pollutants have concentrations exceeding the

recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). Consequences of anthropogenic and climate

change in metropolitan area of Bucharest include an increased risk of extreme climate events (urban heat island,

heat waves, floods, droughts, losses of biodiversity, threats to human health, and damage to economic sectors

such as tourism, urban/periurban agriculture and forestry). The influence of aerosol particles on climate, and how


136

their properties are perturbed by anthropogenic activity, is one of the key uncertainties in climate change

assessments. In order to assess urban environment impacts is very important to quantify spatio-temporal

distribution of all air quality indicators like as particle material PM10, PM2.5, ozone and greenhouse gas

concentrations as well as meteorological parameters like air temperature, humidity, pressure, wind velocity

(intensity), precipitation, etc.

Over the past few years, satellite remotely sensed data of various spatial, spectral, angular, and temporal

resolutions have been widely used to study the land use and land cover changes associated with urban growth,

and to retrieve land surface biophysical parameters, such as vegetation fraction cover, built-up indices and land

surface temperatures, which are good indicators of conditions of urban ecosystem. In this paper, time-series of

Landsat TM and ETM+, MODIS Terra/Aqua, and high resolution IKONOS satellite data have been selected to

retrieve the urban biogeophysical parameters and brightness temperatures in relation with land cover changes for

Bucharest metropolitan area during 1990 – 2012 period. In order to assess the urbanization impacts on urban

climate at local and regional levels, this study analyzed the relationship between climate change and

anthropogenic activities around Bucharest city by integrating remote-sensing imagery and in situ measurements

data. Spectral signatures of different terrain features have been used to extract structural patterns aiming to

separate surface units and to classify the general categories. Change analysis during analyzed period of time

series Landsat TM/ ETM+ satellite data shows a strong urban growth inside of almost all six sectors belonging to

Bucharest metropolitan area and also a high increase rate of periurban areas. The total accuracy of all available

Landsat TM/ ETM derived LULC (Land Use Land Cover) data was places in the range of (85.6 %- 91, 5 %)

with corresponding Kappa statistics between 82.7% and 87, 9% for Landsat TM and respectively ETM data.

From time series MODIS Terra satellite data was analyzed land surface temperature (LST) in Bucharest in

relation with urban heat island (UHI) phenomena and impact of recorded summer heat wave events in 2003,

2007 and 2010 years. This study attempts to provide environmental awareness to urban planners suggesting that

future changes in urban land cover could substantially affect climate by altering biophysical land–atmosphere

interactions.

S5 P17

SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS OF MULTISENSOR SATELLITE IMAGERY

OF CONSTANTZA URBAN ENVIRONMENT

Maria ZORAN, Roxana SAVASTRU, Dan SAVASTRU, Marina TAUTAN, Sorin MICLOS, Laurentiu

BASCHIR

1National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, MG5 Magurele-Bucharest, 077125 Romania.

Urban landscapes change over time as new urban fabric is added and also as the existing fabric is

internally modified (e.g. new buildings replace old ones, plots are amalgamated or subdivided, street layouts are

modified). These patterns of urban densification and internal modifications are of major concern to sustainable

development because they represent the physical manifestation of a range of social, economic, cultural, and

political dimensions associated with urban dynamics.

Satellite remote sensing has considerable potential for providing accurate, up-to-date information of

urban environments. Mapping land cover, biophysical and thermal parameters in urban environment can be done

through multispectral and multitemporal satellite remote sensing data. Spectral mixture analysis (SMA), based

on a physical mixture model, has ability to extract sub-pixel information such as the abundances of each

endmember presented in the pixel (image unity). In order to examine the performance of each model in dealing

with very high spectral and spatial variability of urban surface, in this paper have been applied different spectral

mixture methods. To extract the abundances of urban surface components, the comparison was focused on linear

spectral mixture analysis (LSMA) which was based on a fixed number of endmembers for the entire scene, and

multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) which allowed the number and types of endmembers

to vary from pixel to pixel.

These techniques have been applied to map the physical components of urban land cover for the urban

area of Constantza, Romania, using Landsat TM/ETM+ and IKONOS imagery for 1990 – 2012 period. Field

spectra of vegetation, soil, and impervious surface areas collected with the use of a fine resolution and IKONOS

image and pixel purity index tool in ENVI 4.7 software were modeled as reference endmembers in addition to

photometric shade that was incorporated in every model. This study employs thirty Two endmembers and six

hundred and sixty spectral models to identify soil, impervious, vegetation, and shade in the urban area

Constantza. The mean RMS error for the selected land use land cover classes range from 0.0045 to 0.019. The

Pearson correlation between the fraction outputs from MESMA and reference data from IKONOS 1m

panchromatic resolution data for soil, impervious, and vegetation were 0.713, 0.7242, and 0.8263 respectively.


137

This paper demonstrates the potential of moderate-and high resolution, multispectral imagery to map

and monitor the evolution of the physical urban environment, MESMA approach being reliable as the subpixel

processor picked out the spectral signatures effectively. These techniques adequately characterize the diversity of

materials that compose land cover within a diverse urban area like Constantza, and at the same time provide a

conceptual structure for grouping the specific materials into three general classes—vegetation, impervious, and

soil. These generalized classes can characterize urban land cover regardless of specific construction materials or

local environmental variation, facilitating comparison of urban data sets on a global scale.

S5 P18

SHORT TERM LOAD FORECASTING USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Otilia Elena DRAGOMIR, Florin DRAGOMIR

1,2

Automation, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department, Valahia University of Targoviste,

Romania, [email protected],

[email protected]

This paper focus on neural networks performances in short term load forecasting. Precisely, the goal is to

forecast the DPcg (difference between the electricity produced from renewable energy sources and consumed),

for short-term horizon, using radial- basis function (RBF) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks. The

forecasting accuracy and precision, in capturing nonlinear interdependencies between the load and solar

radiation of these neural networks are illustrated and discussed using a data based obtain from an experimental

photovoltaic amphitheatre of minimum dimension 0.4kV/10kW.

Load forecasting may be included into all the operations performed by energy management system in order

to manage electricity supplies more effectively with the distribution company. From this point of view, it is

necesary to be known for any power system in order to optimally schedule or dispatch its resources. On the other

hand, grid load forecasting is an important task to provide intelligence to the smart grid. The forecast accuracy

directly impacts the economic and reliable operation of power systems. Accurate forecasting will enable a utility

provider to plan the resources like fuel in advance and also to take control actions like switching on/off demand

response appliances and revising electricity tariffs, etc.

Considering the benefits that load forecasting may bring to the security, economics and resource management

fields, the scientific community is now beginning to take some interest in this area. The control of the forecasting

performance represents the premise of a good global performance. In this context, in this paper, we attempt to

provide an overview of ANN performances, precisely radial-basis function (RBF) and multilayer perceptron

(MLP) neural networks, in load forecasting, The comparing analysis is applied on a data based obtain from an

experimental photovoltaic amphitheatre of minimum dimension (0.4kV/10kW), located in the east-centre region

of Romania, more precisely in the city of Targoviste.

The proposed work is based on the following hypotheses: the actual renewable energy sources (RES) being

complex and generally nonlinear, modeling of their behavior may be difficult or impossible. In consequence, in

many cases, it is impossible to collect data through monitoring in real time. These characteristics impose two

important limits to our work: (1) the approach will focus on the local forecasting not global one and (2) the

forecasting models will be dressed up without any a priori knowledge or experience related to the consumer

behaviors of “clean” energy.

In conclusions, power system operators are now forced to deal with an increasing number of problems,

largely related to increased number of loads, new environmental policies and economic pressures of the market.

Large scale adoption of RES, able to contribute to the world’s energy needs and partly to resolve these problems,

is slow. This article may be viewed as another form to promote the proliferation of alternative energy sources,

developing reliable forecasting models dedicated to macro energy harvesting (RES harvesting).

The paper dealt with MLP and RBF neural networks, which are the most popular and widely-used paradigms

in many applications, including energy forecasting, in order to obtain accurate load predictions on short term

horizon. The proposed networks architectures illustrated and discussed using a data based obtain from an

experimental photovoltaic amphitheatre of minimum dimension 0.4kV/10kW, showed that RBF neural networks

are able to surpass the multilayer feedforward neural networks as they are simple structure and have the ability to

model any nonlinear function in a straight forward way. RBF networks are local approximators with nonlinear

input-output mapping. Theirs knowledge representation is localized. Thus, RBF network are able to learn faster

and suffer less from interference, as compared to multilayer feedforward neural networks for example.


138

S5 P19

TEST STAND FOR SOLAR PV PANELS

Florin DRAGOMIR1, Otilia Elena DRAGOMIR

2, Nicolae OLARIU

3, Adrian OPREA

4, Liviu OLTEANU

5

1,2,3,4,5

Automation, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department, Valahia University of Targoviste,


[email protected],

[email protected],

[email protected],

[email protected]

This article presents an application whose purpose is to determine the parameters of a solar PV panel (current

and voltage) needed to verify performance and optimal functioning of the PV panel. In the application to use the

NI LabVIEW graphical programming software with data acquisition board USB-6009 from National

Instruments. This work presents the construction of a application for a PV panel as well as the parameters

extraction from the data-sheet values and are real. This application is very useful for evaluating PV panels after

they have been used in a period of time. Thus we can measure the degree of wear and aging of PV panels.

Block diagram of the application:

The basic unit with which to obtain conversion of solar energy into electricity is photovoltaic cell.

Photovoltaic cell is a snapshot converter that will supply power only if it receives energy in the form of solar

radiation. The solar panel contains several photovoltaic cells (depending on panel type).

All applications based on photovoltaic cells as benchmarks:

• The amount of current that depends on the intensity of solar radiation;

• The maximum power determined by the characteristic voltage - current.

To establish caracteristii voltage - current, it is necessary to measure the intensity using a pyranometer solar

radiation reflected in the value of the current operation.

Next it shows how to connect the PV panel, power conditioning element, the pyranometer sensor with data

acquisition board USB - 6009.

User interface and its program (developed in LabView) is shown in the figure below:

Test installation

Pyranomete

r

Sensor

PV panel Power

conditioning

element Data acquisition

board - DAQ

PC

LabView


139

S5 P20

SENSOR DATA ACQUISITION USING AN ARDUINO AND DISPLAYING AND ADJUSTING

PARAMETERS ON AN ANDROID TABLET

BUNU Liviu Octavian, Florin DRAGOMIR

2Automation, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department, Valahia University of Targoviste,


[email protected]

By conceiving this project we are attempting to emphasize the increasingly higher possibilities of sensor

readings facilitated by consumer technology progress. Considering the modern engineering and computational

goals of increased availability, mobility and reduced form factor, it is very likely for a sensor reading to be made

in every household.

In the making of this project we have used several analogue or digital sensors to measure wind speed,

temperature, humidity, luminosity and atmospheric pressure. Each of them is connected to an Atmel

microcontroller by the means of an Arduino Uno development board. In addition to precisely knowing the values

of aforementioned atmospheric parameters, is is possible to interact with the environment by the means of three

independently activated and manipulated controls: a DC (direct current ) motor, a relay, and a fan. Taking in

account their operating voltage, all of them are activated through transistors, and motor can have variable

rotations per minute, by using pulse width modulation toward the transistor which in turn acts as a switch

towards the main twelve volt power source.

All the data transmissions such as sensor readings and including the motor, fan and relay are directed to a

wireless router using an ethernet shield specifically made for the Arduino board, through the TCP/IP protocol. In

order to provide an easy and convenient method to read and alter the parameters of the measured environment,

all the variables processed by the microcontroller are displayed to an Android touchscreen tablet.

This communication is realized by opening sockets between the ethernet shield, connected by a RJ45 cable to

the router, and the tablet which can operate wirelessly with the same router, using an encrypted WPA2 (WiFi

Protected Access) connection. In order to achieve the desired security goal that only the owner or accredited

personnel of the compound where the sensors and controls operate, access to the microcontroller is possible only

after a login screen in which users must enter the name and password of an accredited account.

All the values displayed on the tablet are in the International System, the temperature reading is in degrees

centigrade, the pressure in Pa, luminosity in candles per square meter, and wind speed is displayed in meters per

second and kilometers per hour. The programming portion of the project has been made in Java,for the Android

tablet which runs on Linux kernel Android 4.0.3, using the Eclipse development environment, J.D.K.(Java

Development Kit) 16 and the android SDK(Software Development Kit).On the Microcontroller side we created

the software program in Arduino, a C++ development environment based on Processing.


140

S5 P21

HIGH PERFORMANCE TAPPED-INDUCTOR BUCK DRIVER FOR LED ARRAYS

Marius APETREI 1, Adrian GEORGESCU

2

1 Department of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa, 900527, Romania

2 School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Texas A&M University of Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi,

78412, Texas, United States of America

Over the last years there has been a constant increase in the number of LED applications because of their small

weight, low power consumption and low operating temperatures. Developments in the manufacturing technology

have pushed the luminous efficacy far beyond the 100lm/W boundary [1,2]. It is predicted that over the next

years the use of LEDs in the lighting sector will continue to grow dramatically [3]. In order to benefit from these

improvements in LED technology, the driver also plays an important role in the total system efficacy. With the

introduction of multichip LED arrays the assembly cost has decreased, allowing luminaire manufacturers to

provide high lumen output from compact light sources.

This paper presents the design, fabrication and testing of a tapped-inductor buck converter especially

suited for use in luminaires employing LED arrays. The proposed circuit has a maximum output power of 30W

and can also be used for powering a series string of high power LEDs provided that the string voltage and

current needs are met. The driver is flexible, allowing a range of output voltages ranging from 19V to 47V. The

output current can be preset between 250mA and 700mA. The load current regulation is better than ±0,6% over

the whole output voltage range and better than ±3,4% over the 0ºC to 50ºC ambient temperature range.

Compared to conventional buck drivers, which regulary attain efficiencies between 82 and 86%, the

proposed circuit has a minimum efficiency of 90,2% and a peak efficiency of 93,8%. The goal was obtaining

maximum conversion efficiency at a low cost and using widely available components. The only custom

component is the tapped-inductor.

The driver operates from a high voltage, direct current input bus (between 250 – 420V) and works in

pulse-skipping mode at a frequency of 132kHz. The oscillator frequency is dithered ±4kHz with 250Hz for

easier EMI compliance and reduced filter cost.

The TinySwitchII TNY268 from Power Integrations provides the necessary control functions and also

integrates a high voltage MOSfet for lower cost. The power consumption of the control circuit is further reduced

by disabling the internal current source and powering directly from the output of the converter. To reduce power

losses as much as possible, a low value resistor is used for output current sensing. A nondissipative snubber

recycles the leakage inductance energy to the power supply input bus. The converter prototype has a small

footprint (overall dimensions 55*45*30mm) and includes protections against overvoltage, output short-circuit

and overtemperature, providing a good reliability. Because of the high efficiency it does not require external

heatsinks.

References

[1] Solid state lighting and development, US Department of energy, April 2013

[2] Key trends in the development of LED lighting technology, Jessie Lin, DIGITIMES Research, Taipei,

03.04.2012

[3] Trends in LED Backlighting and Drivers for Mobile Devices and TVs, Publitek European Editors,

20.11.2012

[4] High brightness LED driver solutions for general lighting, ON Semiconductor, 2009

S5 P22

FINITE ELEMENT METHOD MODELLING OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE PEM FUEL CELL

Viorel IONESCU*a

aDepartment of Physics and Electronics, Ovidius University, Constanta, 900527, Romania

A fuel cell is a device that can directly transfer chemical energy to electric and thermal energy. Proton exchange

membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are highly efficient power generators, achieving up to 50-60% conversion

efficiency, even at sizes of a few kilowatts. There are several compelling technological and commercial reasons

for operating H2/air PEM fuel cells at temperatures above 100 °C; rates of electrochemical kinetics are enhanced,

water management and cooling is simplified, useful waste heat can be recovered, and lower quality reformed

hydrogen may be used as the fuel. All of the High Temperature PEMFC model equations are solved with finite

element method using commercial software package COMSOL Multiphysics. The results from PEM fuel cell


141

modeling were presented in terms of reactant (oxygen and hydrogen) concentrations and water concentration in

the anode and cathode gases; the polarization curve of the cell was also displayed.

S5 P23

CAPACITIVE MEMS PRESSURE SENSOR DESIGN MODELLING USING COMSOL

MULTIPHYSICS®

Viorel IONESCUa

aDepartment of Physics and Electronics, Ovidius University, Constanta, 900527, Romania

The capacitive micro sensing technique, applicable to a wide range of applications like: automotive applications,

industrial applications and biomedical applications, utilizes the diaphragm-deformation-induced capacitance

change to convert the information of pressure into electrical signals.The sensor in these example measures static

pressures of a magnitude from zero to atmospheric pressure. The Comsol Multiphysics model studied here first

computes the initial stresses from the manufacturing process; then it accounts for the structure’s mechanical

deformation resulting from an applied pressure. It finally calculates the sensor’s capacitance for the deformed

shape: the 2D model calculates the capacitance from a computed electric field, whereas the 3D model simply

integrates infinitesimal capacitance contributions over the electrode boundary.

S5 P24

TUNING THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY IN SiC BASED METALLO-CERAMIC COMPOSITES

M. GALATANU 1, M. ENCULESCU

1, A. GALATANU

1

1)

National Institute of Materials Physics, Magurele 077125 Romania

SiC is thermally stable and radiation resistant material which might be a good candidate for nuclear fusion

related applications. However, its mechanical and thermal properties as ceramic are not consistent to the

structural materials requirements, while the high porosity becomes an impediment when it is used in SiC/SiC

fiber reinforced composites. To conciliate between these opposite tendencies we are investigating the possibility

to create SiC based metallo-ceramic composites using low activation metals and aiming to develop a synthesis

technology scalable to large components. Here we present recent results concerning the sample morphology and

the subsequent thermal properties in different composites based on SiC whiskers, micrometric and nanometric

grains and different suitable metals. SEM/EBS and high temperature thermal properties measurements are used

as feed back parameters to optimize the fabrication technology with respect to the metallic dispersions control

and also to tune the thermal conductivity of the composites to the design required values.

Acknowledgement : This work was supported by the European Communities in the framework of EFDA by

WP13MAT-HHFM-03-01/MEdC/BS contract

S5 P25

DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS WITH NATURAL DYES - A COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND

THEORETICAL APPROACH

Anca DUMBRAVĂ,1 Corneliu I. OPREA,

1 Irina ENACHE,

1,2 Adrian GEORGESCU,

1 Petre PANAIT,

1

Mihai A. GÎRŢU1,

*,**

1Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527, Romania, 2Constanţa Maritime University, Constanţa 900663, Romania

We report results of combined experimental and theoretical studies of betalain natural dyes used as

sensitizers for TiO2 dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To analyze the compliance of the various forms of

betalain dyes with the main criteria [1] that should be met by a dye to be used as TiO2 sensitizer in a DSSCs, we

performed Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, which provided the optimized geometry, electronic

structure and electronic spectrum of the dyes in fully protonated as well as partially deprotonated forms, in

solution. We discuss the adsorption onto the substrate, the matching of the absorption spectrum of the dye with the

solar spectrum, the energy level alignment with the semiconductor and the electrolyte, and the charge transfer to the


142

substrate. By comparing the theoretical results with the experimental data referring particularly to the photovoltaic

conversion efficiency, fill factor, short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage, measured under standard AM1.5

conditions we identify the betacyanins as the useful constituents of the betalain extracts and emphasize the role of

extract purification [2, 3].

References:

[1] A. Hagfeldt, G. Boschloo, L. Sun, L. Kloo, H. Pettersson, Chem. Rev. 110, 6595 (2010).

[2] C.I. Oprea, A. Dumbravă, I. Enache, A. Georgescu, M.A. Gîrţu, J. Photochem. Photobio. A

. 240

, 5

(2012

).

[3] A. Dumbravă, I. Enache, C.I. Oprea, A. Georgescu, M.A. Gîrţu, Digest J. Nanomat. Biostruct. 7, 339 (2012).

*Acknowledgements: C. I. Oprea acknowledges the financial support from CNCS/UEFISCDI grant code PN2-

RU-PD-603/2010, contract no. 172/2010.

**E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

S5 P26

CASE STUDY FOR 3 DEGREES OF FREEDOM OF REACTIVE SOLID FUEL SYSTEMS

Gabriel MURARIUa, Florin MINGIREANU

b, Lucian GEORGESCU

b MOCANU Ionut Razvan

b,*,




The rocket engine has to operate outside the atmosphere, and so must carry its own oxidizer.

Contributions to the evolution of solid-propellant rocketry have come from a variety of sources.

In this paper is presented a preliminar numerical approaching tools for simulations of a small launcher for

payloads <10kg. Currently there is an increasing demand for small launchers, We propose a three stage small

launcher powered by solid fuel. Next we present a full 3 DOF model for the flight of the launcher as well as

simulation results for various flight scenarios ending with different payloads on different orbits.

S5 P27

CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT PASTES USING X-RAY FLUORESCENCE, X-RAY

DIFFRACTION AND REHOMETRY

I. M. ION1, N. ANGELESCU

2, GH. VLAICU

3, I. BANCUTA

4

1Valahia University of Targoviste, Doctoral School of “Valahia” University of Târgoviste, 35 Lt. Stancu Ion

Street 130105, Targoviste, Romania, e-mail: [email protected] 2Valahia University of Targoviste, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Mechanics, 18-24 Unirii Boulevard,

130082, Targoviste, Romania 3SC Special Steel SA Targoviste, 9-11 Gaesti road, 130087, Targoviste, Romania

4Valahia University of Targoviste, Multidisciplinary Research Institute for Sciences and Technologies, Carol I

Boulevard, No. 2, 130024, Targoviste, Romania


143

In this paper, has been adopted a new physical method to determine fluidity of cement pastes with polymers

and chemical composition of these pastes. In the research were used three types of polymers: epoxy resin in a

proportion of 10%, polyurethane, in proportion of 10% methylcellulose in the proportion of 0.6% by cement

weight. The devices used was rheometer Paar Physica, MCR 300 design, used to determine the rheological

properties of cement pastes, X-ray diffractometer Bruker AXS D8 ADVANCE type, X-ray tube with copper

anode, 40KVA / 40 mA, used for determination of hydration products and Energy Dispersive X-Ray

Fluorescence Spectrometer (EDXRF) ElvaX.

Experimental results showed that the same water/cement ratio material behave differently depending on the

polymer used. Moreover, epoxy resin gives significant improvements in workability and strength. It was found

that polymers have a positive influence on concrete.

Were performed investigations on hardened concrete structures to determine resistance developed by these

compositions.

S5 P28

CU-W FUNCTIONAL GRADIENT MATERIALS

M. GALATANU 1, B. POPESCU

1, M. ENCULESCU

1, A. GALATANU

1

1)

National Institute of Materials Physics, Magurele 077125 Romania

We have investigated the possibility to create Cu-W gradient composites, as a possible route to connect the W

armor to structural water cooled parts in the fusion reactor divertor structure.

Compositional gradient materials have been obtained from SPS-ed metallic powder mixtures. Single step or

multi-step approaches with adequate process parameters have been considered and tested for both thin (high

gradient) and large (small gradient) cylindrical samples. The resulting materials are investigated by SEM/EBS

and EDX and evaluated in comparison to similar results obtained for W-Fe (steel) gradient materials.

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the European Communities in the framework of EFDA by WP13MAT-HHFM-01-

02/MEdC/BS contract

S5 P29

CHARACTERIZATION OF HONEY QUALITY USING HIGHLY SENSITIVE ANALYTICAL

METHODS

Elena Daniela CHELARESCU1,2

, Claudia STIHI3,4

, Cristiana RADULESCU3,4

, Andrei CHILIAN4, 5

, Lucica

GRIGORA TOMA4, 5

1“Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului St.,P.O.BOX MG-6,

Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 2University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School, P.O.BOX MG - 11, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele,

Romania 3Valahia University of Targoviste, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Sciences Department, 2 Carol I St., 130024,

Targoviste, Romania 4Valahia University of Targoviste, Multidisciplinary Research Institute for Sciences and Technologies, 13 Sinaia

St., 130004, Targoviste, Romania 5Valahia University of Targoviste, Doctoral School on Engineering Sciences, 35 Lt. Stancu Ion St., 130105,

Targoviste, Romania

Honey is a complex foodstuff, a natural sweet substance produced by bee from nectar of plants (honey

nectar) or hand plant sap excreted by insects (honeydew honey) [1]: is used in food and has multiple therapeutic

effects [2]. Honey contains a complex mixture of proteins, free amino acids, phenolic compounds, vitamins and

minerals necessary for the body's health, are reported to contain about 200 substances [3]. A deep control of

honey quality from different areas of Romanian is very important and necessary to verify compliance with

quality specifications of the European Union [1].The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of 14

different type nectar honey samples extracted from beehives placed in South-Muntenia region of Romania. For

this purpose physicochemical characteristics together with mineral content were evaluated. Physicochemical

parameters: pH, electrical conductivity, ash content, refractive index and water content, were analysed using the

Harmonised Methods of the International Honey Commission [4]. The mineral content of food and

environmental samples is determined using different sensitive analytical techniques [5]. In this work a rapid and


144

not expensive technique was used: Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) combined with Internal

Standard technique [6]. The concentrations of minerals: P, K, Ca, Fe and Zn were determined.

References

[1]. European Union Directive, Council Directive 2001/110/EC relating to honey (2002);

[2]. Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Tulipani, S., Romandini, S., Bertoli. E., Battino, M., Contribution of honey in

nutrition and human health:a review, Mediterr J Nutr Metab (2010) 3:15–23

[3]. Suguna L, Chandrakasan G, Ramamoorthy U, Thomas K. Influence of honey on biochemical and

biophysical parameters of wounds in rats. Journal of Biochemistry and Nutrition 1993;14: 91-99.

[4]. Bogdanov S., Martin P. and Lüllmann C.: Harmonised methods of the European honey commission.

Apidologie (extra issue) 1-59 (1997)

[5]. Stihi, C., Radulescu, C., Busuioc, G., Popescu, I.V., Gheboianu, A., Ene., A., Romanian. Journal of

Physics, Vol. 56, No.1-2, p.257-264, 2011

[6]. Russ, J. C. (1984) Fundamentals of Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, Butterworth’s, London.

S5 P30

EFFECT OF CARBONATED DRINKS ON THE TOPOGRAPHY AND HARDNESS OF HUMAN

TEETH EXAMINED USING AFM TECHNIQUE

Cristina IONESCU, Liviu Stefan CRACIUN

Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, P.O.B. MG-6, 077125 Magurele,

Romania

Understanding the effect that carbonated drinks have on teeth has become of particular interest during

the past years. For this purpose surface topography, roughness and hardness of human teeth after storage in

carbonated drinks were examined using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation technique. The

AFM is one of the foremost tools for imaging matter at the nanoscale while nanoindentation is a common

technique for the determination of local mechanical properties in biological hard tissues. Six sound human teeth

were storage in freshly cola drink and orange juice for 5h. Twelve indentations were performed using the same

parameters before and after immersion of the samples. The AFM preliminary results showed that after exposure

hardness decrease and the surface became rougher and more exposed to plaque formation.

1. Nanoindentation and storage of teeth, Stefan Habelitza, Grayson W. Marshall Jr., Mehdi Baloochb,

Sally J. Marshalla, Journal of Biomechanics 35 (2002) 995–998

2. Effect of cola drinks on the morphology and elastic modulus of dentine, Sanjiv Shrivastava, Katerina E.

Aifantis, Materials Letters 65 (2011) 2254-2256

3. C.Ionescu, L.S. Craciun, E.S. Barna, P.M. Racolta, I.Burducea, M.Straticiuc, A.T. Serban, Rom. Journ.

Phys., Vol. 57, Nos. 7–8, P. 1113–1121, 2012

S5 P31

CHARACTERIZING THE ORIGIN OF BOTTLED WATERS ON THE ROMANIAN MARKET USING

IRMS AND ICP-MS

Gabriela CRISTEA1, Cezara VOICA

1, Romulus PUSCAS

1, Alina MAGDAS

1

National Institute for R- D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath,

400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Bottled water consumption has grown steadily over the past few decades. Bottled water is an increasingly

important component of human dietary intake worldwide, with many consumers believing it to be a safe product

that originates from remote sources and unpolluted environments. The purpose of drinking water monitoring is

to bring information periodically about it organoleptic and microbiological quality, the effectiveness of treatment

technologies, focusing on disinfection technology, in order to determine if drinking water is adequate or not in

terms of the relevant parameter values established by law. In this work, we present a study which investigates the

stable isotopic (18

O and 2H) and elemental composition in bottled still mineral waters randomly collected on

the Romanian market in 2012. A total of 22 brands of bottled still water (domestic and foreign) were analyzed.

The measured stable isotope ratios for Romania still waters range from -12.9‰ to -10.1‰ for 18

O and from -


145

87.7‰ to -70.0‰ for 2H. By comparison, the isotopic values of foreign still waters range between -10.98 ÷ -

6.1‰ for 18

O and -71.4 ÷ -23.5‰ for 2H. Neither a sample from all assortments of water does not have a

grand content of calcium, magnesium or sulphur. Most of analyzed waters correspond to low-sodium level.

Regarding toxicity, is noted that all the 22 types of water studied qualifies for regulating drinking water market.

This study is useful in determining the natural origin of bottled water, the authentication of bottled still water.

Also, the isotopic fingerprint of mineral waters can be used in the management of underground waters, in the

regulatory monitoring of water products.

Acknowledgements. The financial support for this work was provided by the National Plan for Research-

Development and Innovation, Programme NUCLEI, contract no. PN09 44 01 09.

S5 P32

METHODS FOR IMPROVING TEM CONTRAST IN BIOLOGICAL SECTIONS ANALYSIS

C.STEFANOV, V.CIUPINA, G.PRODAN, I.M.OANCEA-STANESCU

Ovidius University of Constanta, Bd. Mamaia nr.124, 900527 Constanta, Romania

This paper work presents possible options for people that operate with electronic microscope in order to obtain

images with enhanced resolution and contrast for experiments in biology domain. Diagnostic Study of the cases

is related to the accurate identification of cellular components, their position in the cell, tissue or the plasma

dispersion. It is presented the method of acquisition and multiple image alignment (MIA = multiple image

alignment), to obtain an image of the area of interest inside the tissue. The choice of operating parameters such

as increasing the time of exposure and so on are directly related to the geometry of the tissue. We have

obtained an increase of contrast of 32% at a resolution of ~ 9nm using the MIA compared with images obtained

at a resolution of ~ 13nm.

S5 P33

CHARACTERIZATION OF SPIN COATED TiO2 BLOCKING LAYER FOR DYE SENSITIZED

SOLAR CELLS

Jeanina LUNGU1, Adrian GEORGESCU

1, Camelia OPREA

1, Gabriel PRODAN

1, Gabriel SOCOL

2, George E.

STAN3, Cătălin LUCULESCU

4, Victor CIUPINĂ

5, Ion N. MIHĂILESCU1

2 and Mihai A. GÎRŢU

1*

1Department of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constanţa 900527, Romania

2National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lasers Department, Atomistilor 409, P.O. Box

MG-36, RO-077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 3National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Bucharest-Magurele, Ilfov 077125, Romania

4National Institute for Lasers, Department of Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 111

P.O. Box MG-36, Bucharest 76900, Romania 5University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 405 Atomistilor street, P. O. Box MG-11, 077125, Bucharest-

Magurele, Romania

We report results on spin coated TiO2 intermediate blocking layer between conductive glass substrate

(FTO) and mesoporous TiO2 semiconductor in order to improve dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC’s)

characteristic parameters. The oxide was prepared as thin transparent film from sol–gel Ti(i-OPr)4 ethanolic

solution, which was spin coated at 7000 rpm on top of the FTO substrates. The basic properties of the films,

including their morphology, structure, and composition were characterized by complementary techniques.

Investigations by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the titanium dioxide films deposited on FTO substrate and sintered

at 450ºC reproduce the pattern of randomly oriented tetragonal anatase TiO2 phase. The morphology of the films

investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed a particulate covered homogeneous surface,

typical of PLD. The structure and crystalline status of the obtained TiO2 intermediate layer were investigated by

transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our analyses show that the films are composed by nanoparticles with

average diameters of a few tens of nm. We found experimentally that the solar cells denoted T8X showed the

best performance with maximum Voc as high as 611 mV and Isc of 8.27 mA/cm2. Photovoltaic conversion

efficiency, measured under standard AM 1.5G conditions, was 2.66%, compared with 2.26% corresponding to a

cell with chemically deposited TiO2 blocking layer.

*E-mail: [email protected]


146

S5 P34

IRON CONTAINING LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES: AN XPS STUDY OF THEIR SURFACE

PROPERTIES

Magda PUSCASU, Dragos MARDARE and Gabriela CARJA*

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection,

Technical University “Gh. Asachi” of Iasi, Bd. D. Mangeron, Iasi 700554, Romania

* Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]

Nanostructured assemblies of hydrotalcite-like clays partially substituted with iron cations (FeIII

) have been

obtained by co-precipitation method of low diluted aqueous solutions. The surface characteristics of as-prepared

nanoarchitectures were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),

whereas the textural properties using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM image of FeLDH (Fig. 1)

reveals agglomerated nanoparticles, that are interconnected with each other. The binding energy values of Fe 2p

point out that iron is present as Fe2O3 on the surface of FeLDH. The fitting curve of O1s profile indicates that the

predominant signal contribution belongs to the energy band at 531.5 eV, assigned to the surface hydroxyl groups

(OH-). The band situated at 529.58 eV is attributed to the lattice oxygen in the metal oxide while that situated at

532.5 eV corresponds to the oxygen from water. These results reveal the specific surface characteristics of the

dual nanostructure of iron oxide on LDH clay.

Fig. 1. SEM micrograph of FeLDH.

REFERENCES:

1. G. Carja, H. Obata, Y. Kameshima and K. Okada, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 98 (2008) 150.

S5 P35

A SURVEY ON STATE-OF-THE-ART DESIGN OF UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORKS AND

OPTIMAL LOCATION DEPLOYMENT AROUND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES

Mitrut C. CARAIVAN 1, Ioan G. SURUGIU

2, Valentin G. SGARCIU

3

University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, Romania 1, University "Ovidius" of Constanta, Romania

2, University

"Politehnica" of Bucharest, Romania 3

[email protected] 1, [email protected]

2, [email protected]

3

This paper is following the development of the PhD research of Optimizing Real-Time

Applications for Marine Operations Using Modern Modelling and Simulation Methods and presents a common

framework model for multi-purpose sensors for offshore exploration constructions and furthermore, deployment

challenges using remote operated vehicles (ROV).

Research efforts in the exploration of offshore resources have increased more and more during the

last decades, thus contributing to greater global interest in the area of underwater technologies. Underwater

sensor networks are going to become in the nearby future the background infrastructure for applications which

will enable geological prospection, pollution monitoring, oceanographic data collection and furthermore, these


147

data collection networks could in fact improve offshore exploration control by replacing on-site instrumentation

data systems used today in the oil-industry system nearby well heads or in well control operations. The study is

trying to show the collateral benefits of deploying such underwater sensor networks and we address state-of-the-

art ideas and possible implementations of different applications like military surveillance of coastal areas or

disaster prevention systems – including earthquakes and tsunami detection warning alarm in advance – in order

to overcome the biggest challenge of development: the cost of implementation.

We are going to use PerrySlingsby Triton XLS and XLR models of the remote operated vehicles

(ROV), which are currently available in the Black Sea area. While having the bigger goal in mind - deploying

such networks on a large scale - we can only think now for a small test bed and before physical implementation

we create simulation scenarios on the VMAX ROV Simulator.

Fig.1: Underwater device deployment ; Fig. 2, 3: Triton XLS ROV in VMAX simulation scenarios ; Fig. 3, 4:

Schilling Robotics 7-F Arm

This is only an abstract and we need a little bit more time to implement and test our solutions via

simulation on our VMAX PerrySlingsby ROV Full-Up Simulator. Please consider this abstract submission and

we will send the camera ready article, which will address several fundamental key aspects of modeling and

simulating the deployment of our underwater "safe-nets". This is a work in progress of a research PhD thesis that

will follow shortly.

Section 6 – TOPICS IN PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH

148

SECTION

S6 – Topics in Physics Education Research





149

INVITED LECTURES

S6 L01

REFORMING PRE-UNIVERSITY PHYSICS TEACHING

Roxana ZUS

University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, P.O. Box MG-11, RO – 077125 Bucharest-Magurele,

Romania

Apart its fundamental role as science and its leading character in the continuous developing technology,

physics provides important instruments that form abilities to investigate and analyse various phenomena, beyond

the “formal” borders of physics. It is mandatory to combine the recent improvements in pedagogy and didactics

with the extraordinary tools the physics has.

The Romanian physics pre-university teaching methods had just few changes in the last decades. The

“traditional” approach continues to be efficient for outstanding pupils/students, but in many cases it fails when

related to the knowledge and abilities formed to average pupils or high-school students. Physics remains a

challenging topic to teach and pupils view it sometimes as too difficult to even try to understand it. One needs to

adapt the teaching approach to the real life experience of pupils and to employ instructing techniques that attract

and motivate them.

Over one hundred physics teachers from different regions of Romania have voluntarily worked in

designing a methodological guide for teaching physics in schools and high-schools. Their joined effort was

backed up by academic colleagues for scientific support. The guide uses teaching/ learning techniques centred on

pupils to encourage active learning and critical thinking (namely ERR, Evocation – Realization of meaning –

Reflection, and cycled learning models). It proposes different learning tasks for pupils, for each topic studied in

physics from the 6th

grade to the 12th

. Many of the experiments use inexpensive and near at hand materials, to

overtake the lack of experimental laboratories. We hope the guide can be a starting support for physics teachers

and we encourage them to design alternative lessons to the ones proposed in this guide, according to each

individual and to the class they teach to.

All the units of the methodological guide have been taught in different schools and high-schools all

over the country. The extraordinary feed-back we gathered from both, pupils and teachers, but also the results of

an independent evaluation encouraged us to continue to further develop the project.

There are many ongoing challenges where physics pre-university teachers and academic staff continue

to work together: novel approaches for fundamental or difficult topics to teach, evaluating methods according to

the teaching methods proposed, challenging tasks for very good students, up-to-date topics in modern physics

etc.

Acknowledgments: “Science Curriculum Reform” is a project coordinated by Center Education 2000+

in partnership with Romanian Physical Society and supported by the Romanian-American Foundation.

S6 L02

RELEVANCE OF CONCEPTUAL CONFLICTS IN PRE-UNIVERSITARY PHYSISCS TEACHING

Cristian HATU

Center Education 2000+, 27 Comandor Eugen Botez Street, Bucharest, Romania

In developing our methodological guide for teaching physics we relied on some important facts. Based on some

papers1 I will try to explain why students don’t learn what teachers are trying to teach them.

Our institutions of formal education do not help most students to really learn science. Students fail to learn what

we try to teach them because they come to school with alternative conceptual frameworks that shape their

perceptions and interpretations. They are coming in the classroom with their own ideas about matter in

discussion. Consequently, teachers have to identify students’ alternative framework and address them explicitly

during the teaching process.

The aim of the teachers is to give students access to a new kind of understanding about the material world that is

incompatible with students’ naïve ideas. This is a complex process of conceptual change. In order for this

1 Based mainly on Charles W Anderson – Perspectives on Science Learning, in Handbook of Research on

Science Education, Routledge, 2010


150

change to take place, students have to modify their conceptual framework to accommodate the more

sophisticated scientific conceptions.

Theories about conceptual changes in science (Kuhn, Toulmin etc.) are very useful for understanding these

problems because the learning process of each student resembles the complex process of theory change in

science. Successful student learning will be driven by situations of conceptual conflict like those that have driven

historical advances in scientific communities. By means of conceptual conflicts students can see the contrast

between their conceptions and alternative scientific conceptions. The conceptual conflicts have a fundamental

role in the learning units from methodological guide developed by CEDU and Romanian Physical Society.

Acknowledgments: “Science Curriculum Reform” is a project coordinated by Center Education 2000+ in

partnership with Romanian Physical Society and supported by the Romanian-American Foundation

S6 L03

STRUCTURED LEARNING UNITS DESIGN SUPPORTING

COMPETENCES CENTERED CURRICULUM

Iulian LEAHU

Școala Gimnazială ”Alexandru cel Bun” Iași, Romania

The paper approaches models of didactical design supporting the application in school of the “competences

centered curriculum”, and modeling the students’ competences formation processes. The first steps were realized

in 2000, by The Ministry of National Education by publishing the series “Methodological guides for the

application of the school curricula”2. The “Guides” offer applicative examples for the school disciplines at the

pre-universitary level, in order to promote two operational concepts: learning units and structured learning

units. The learning unit engages teacher to think teaching in terms of inter-correlated lessons, as opposed to the

traditional thinking in terms of singular lesson; the second concept is going deeper, proposing structured

learning units by “sequences and lessons following the phases of a learning process”. If the learning units were

progressively accepted and merely formally used in the school practice, the structured learning units were

completely eluded, maintaining teaching practices centered on the structure of the content to be taught.

The paper approaches the structured learning units design from a systemic perspective3. The process

dimension of this approach supposes getting over three phases or three didactical layouts, modeling the

processes of students’ competences formation. They form a hierarchy. The thematic layout reveals: (1)

problematic situations significant and engaging for students; (2) epistemic solving/ knowing models validated in

the study domain. The normative layout implies to operate on: (1) learning tasks statement based on the

curricular competences; (2) learning tasks staggering following the phases of the adopted epistemic solving/

knowledge models. The formative layout reflects the internal norms and learning models, consisting of

structured ensembles of learning organizing tasks, revealing the process dimension of the competences

formation.

The product dimension of this approach, the structured learning units design, reveals the structured

didactical projects resulting at different designing levels (annual scheduling, learning units, lessons, learning

activities), by means of three categories of instruments (structuring models). These models may be identified

as components of a system. Functionally, there are external epistemic/ knowing models used in solving specific

problem situations and validated by the discipline (project, experiment, problem solving, inquiry, case study,

debate, playing role, monographic study, narrative scheme etc.). Structurally, we refer the learning models (for

example, the Galperin’s stage by stage formation of mental actions), viewed as chains of judgments or cognitive

processes which students are demanded to deploy and supposed they develop in the process of competences

formation. These chains are not randomly, nor guided by the learning content, but configured by the nature of

the adopted strategy to solve the problem/ learning situation (that is the steps of the cognitive model or the sub-

problems encountered on the way, for example, anticipative, inductive, deductive, analogical etc.).

Operationally, we refer to the instructional or teaching instruments (methods, techniques, models) derived from

the learning theories (Meyer, G., 2000), and displayed by means of instructional events. These instruments

(active learning, cooperative learning, cognitive apprenticeship, creative learning, and intelligences profile based

learning etc.) are imperative to activate the students’ mental functions of the competences formation. All of the

process or product dimensions - epistemic, learning, and instructional/ teaching – will be reflected in the

typology of the lessons.3

2 Singer, M. ş. a., coord., Ghiduri metodologice de aplicare a programelor şcolare, MEC/CNC, Ed. Aramis,

Bucureşti 2000-2002; 3 Leahu, I., Didactica fizicii. Modele de proiectare curriculară, MECTS-PIR, Bucureşti 2006;


151

In conclusion, the paper brings clarifications and conceptual changes to promote concepts and models of

didactical design capable to operate the “competences centered curriculum”: understanding the single lesson as

part of a system of lessons; epistemic models validated in the study domain, generating authentic specific

competences for learning; a holistic view on both the results of learning, and the learning process to be realized;

a cyclic vision on learning and teaching, by getting over the complete processes; a closely vision on the

ensemble of curricular key competences, defining a formative profile of the didactical activity etc.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

S6 OP01

MODERN TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON THE STIMULATION OF STUDENTS’ INTEREST FOR

RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INOVATION IN EDUCATION

Mădălina IVĂNESCU, Filis OPREA, Elisabeta STAN

Under the circumstantions of the undergoing reform in the Romanian educational system, there is

frequent reference to interdisciplinarity and learning for skills aquisition. When the processess and the

phenomena studied in one education subject can be found in other subjects as well, students tend to achieve in a

difficult way the information and knowledge compressed within a subject, the information transfer being realised

quite hard. This problem could be easily overcome if Physics, Biology, ICT, Mathematics and Chemistry

teachers collaborated with regards to the aproach and the themes taught that could result in better results in the

information transfer.

The spectacular evulution of the new technology of ICT opens wide and generous teaching

opportunities for both teachers and students, their intergation into the learning process answering to multiple

necesities.

The access to written and audio-visual documents or to interactive exercises, facilitates documentation

and publishing their own productions (through blogs, for instance), as well as interpersonal comunication. This

way, they split from the traditional teaching, not only considering the materials used but also the roles played by

the teacher and the student. That is why this matches a differentiated teaching training process, which

emphasises the individuality of teaching steps and students’ own autonomy and becomes a decisive point in the

growth of their own motivation.

From all the active learning methods that differentiates the teaching training process, the project seems

to be the most generous one considering differentiated students approach.

Using the project method as a work strategy with students results into aquiring specific skills and using

those necessary skills in working with new technologies, students becoming more responsible, more flexible in

their communication with the others and creative in solving the tasks. Presentation of the projects capitalises the

skills aquired by the students.

The project method offers a generous framework in differentiated training of the human individual

when compared to the multitude of the active-participatory teaching methods. In order to use efficiently the

project method and to integrate every item that the PC as a resource can involve, there have to be considered as

well the stages of planning and designing the learning unit.

The planning of student centered teaching involves the use of a strategy in which the stages of the

teaching-learning-assessing process, considered as being dependent on eachother, help in reaching the

performance standards. The teacher is going to design varied assessment techniques/ instruments in order to

facilitate the training of required skills in the 21st century. The verbal appraisal – the continuous comments

along with tests, questionnaires, assessment grids and checklists elaborated from criterial and objective points of

view are going to be designed by the teacher to establish the level of students’ understanding, in order to

measure students’ progress, in order to encourage constructive self-assessment and to provide opportunities in

training improvement.

The portfolio is a complex method of assessment in terms of both the performance methodology, as

well as in the holistic assessment of the results.


152

The portfolio represents a flexible objective assessment way for each teacher according to the

characteristics and the specificity of the subject taught, as well as for a particular situation in which he/ she

wishes to use it.

S6 OP02

A POSSIBLE APPROACH TO THE DIFFICULT LEARNING UNITS

I. CAZACU-DAVIDESCU

“Miron Costin”High School, Pascani-Iasi, Romania

Within the project "Science Curriculum Reform" initiated by the Center Education 2000+, in

partnership with the Romanian Physical Society and the support of the Romanian-American Foundation, one of

its objectives was the development of a methodological guide for teaching physics, meant to change the teacher-

student relationship in classroom activity.

Starting from the physics curriculum, learning units for each class were designed on the principle of

constructivism, using mainly the methods of critical thinking.

Some of the units have been catalogued as difficult units. Design approach of these units would have to

start from the identification of the causes for which were included in this category – complex content above the

level of intellectual development of students, getting the necessary mathematics beyond the level of the class, the

need for an experimental approach difficult to put into practice with the current facilities etc.

Overcoming the difficulties identified is based on the use of participatory methods, active learning

through collaboration, free or guided discovery of notions of physics, leading to a sustainable learning by

increasing students ' motivation for learning physics.

In designing units should not be neglected the student-student or student-teacher feedback, awareness

of the students involvement in the learning process, setting clear work tasks in order to achieve the objectives of

the learning methods used and the involvement of students in the design of the final assessment.

S6 OP03

LEARNING PHYSICS – BETWEEN GOALS AND RESULTS

Cristina ANGHEL1, Daniela TEPES

2

“ Ovidius” Highschool Constanta, Romania1, “Ioan Cotovu” Highschool Harsova, Romania

2

Why do we study physics ? What is expecting the student from his/hers physics teacher? What expects

teachers from the decision makers in the field of education and from the students? What expects the employers

and the society from the young graduates?

During the last 40 years, physics as subject at school is in a continuous changing process. The number

of classes per week changed, the school curricula changed, the text books changed, the teaching methods and

techniques changed. Are those changes reaching the same target? Are those changes correlated in order to create

a coherent path?

In the last 20 years several changes in the pre-service and in-service of the teachers took place. How are

those reflected in their activity in the classroom and in the students accomplishments?

More and more initiatives and experiments in the field of modern teaching-learning-assessment

methods are in place right now. In order to create a real reform of the physics learning it is necessary that this

become a day-by-day practice. Who is doing this? What are we willing to do for that?

If we are discussing about results, we are divided between the international contests and the national

evaluations. Can we put this two in correlation? The changes in the teaching system have to lead us to better

place in this hierarchies.

This speech tries to bring in your attention few thoughts and observations resulted after many years of

activities why many students, teachers and representatives of the academic environment.

S6 OP04

PHYSICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL - CHALLENGES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

DANIELA TEPES, CRISTINA ANGHEL


153

Liceul Teoretic Ioan Cotovu Harsova, jud.Constanta, Romania

Liceul Teoretic Ovidius, Constanta, Romania

The intellectual and emotional profile of the students changes with the society development. This is a

reality that all the teachers are aware of, but unfortunately, our educational system has not found any solution

yet. Even if there have been some improvements concerning the means and teaching methods, the contents are

still theoretical and away from the individual needs of our students and from the requirements of a continuously

changing society.

In this context, the main challenge for the physics teachers is to make the connections between the

theoretical concepts and the students’ personal needs, along with developing their creativity and ability to adjust

to a moving society.

The solutions for this challenge could be found in psychologist Morris Stein`s idea which says that a

society willing to develop manly the creativity, has to assure for all its members, four essential freedoms: the

freedom of studying, of exploration and investigation, of expressing personal thoughts and the freedom to be

themselves.

Only by understanding these aspects, we can ask our students to open their minds to the study of

Sciences in general and Physics in particular.

S6 OP05

PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS IN HIGH SCHOOL - A NEW APROACH

Ion BARARU

Colegiul National ”Mircea cel Batran”, Constanta, Romania

In the last years the students’ and parents’ interest for a career in the science field became lower. The

teaching of Physics and other sciences reached a critical level: the curricula were reduced drastically, the number

of hours of teaching decreased. Yet still, the progress of society depends of the quality of the education in the

scientific field. Recently there has appeared, at a regional level, serious analysis of the state of Physics teaching

in the pre-university field. The results are concerning and the perspectives are unclear. The "Education 2000+"

Center and the Romanian Physics Society of triggered an ample process to determine the educational system to

use active methods for the teaching of Physics. This lead to the elaboration of some important materials used for

"reviving" the applied pedagogy. Formation courses were organized and new teaching methods were tested. We

can confirm that the success was remarkable.

In this material I am presenting two ideas to support the effort of those who want to run attractive

Physics classes.

The utilization of active methods determines the expansion of the didactic process on long periods of

time. The implementation of experiments (in groups or individuals), their analysis and the interpretation of their

results lead to an important win for the scientific education of the student. He begins to manifest well-structured

abilities, but in this manner of teaching the time spent with the classic instruction may be lost. The student solves

fewer exercises, even though he has solid practical knowledge. The student who learned in the classic system

knows to solve some exercises better, even though his knowledge might never help him in his life, but he does

not have practical abilities.

The evaluation of the school progress is also in continuous improvement, but the traditional evaluation

applied to the students prepared by active methods can miss performances which the student structured in the

time of his new type of teaching. I have considered useful to approach the evaluation of the school progress by

evaluation laboratory studies. I applied this method at the 9th

grade (Mechanical equilibrium – center of gravity)

and at the 10th

grade (Heat). I consider that the results were promising and that this evaluation method can take

the necessary amplitude once some conditions are respected.

From other perspective, it can be stated that the experiments used so far, even though they are correct

and helpful to the process of knowledge acquirement, they are sometimes too monotonous, uninteresting and

unattractive. I think that the presentation of complex or subtle physical phenomena by simple but spectacular

experiments can represent a major help for learning Physics with active and efficient methods. I conducted such

experiments which I will present by images with accompanying comments.

If more teachers will gather the products of their activities of this kind under the scientific coordination

of the RPS, I consider that the Physics teaching in our country will make another step towards its desired

comeback.


154

POSTERS

S6 P01

ENERGY WILLOW – A SUSTENAIBLE ALTERNATIVE, ECONOMIC AND FRIEDLY WITH THE

ENVIRONMENT

Felicia BUCURA, Claudia SANDRU, Marius CONSTANTINESCU

National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotope Technologies, Rm. Valcea, Uzinei Street, No. 4, PO BOX 4,

Zip Code 1000, Rm. Valcea, ROMANIA

E-mail: [email protected]

The purpose of this work is to examine the possibilities of the energy willow for energy production. This

paper describe some characterization techniques of the energy willow, to show the energetic potential.

To named energy willow as a fuel, it is important to determine the fuel properties:

- heating value;

- humidity;

- ash;

- C, S, N, H determination.

Methods used to characterize the energy willow as a fuel:

Heating value

The most important quality of the fuel is heating value, which is determined using a bomb calorimeter.

We determined high calorific value, low calorific value and net calorific value for samples of energy willow.

Humidity content

Humidity was determined at 700C for 8h until constant mass of the sample. After that, the samples was

dried again at 1050C for 1h.

C-N-H-S-O analysis

The elementary analysis of the samples was realized on a EA Flash 2000. We used a reactor filled with

copper oxide and electrolytic copper at 9500C to combusted the samples. Also for a good separation of the gases

resulted from energy willow combustion, a porapack column and a molecular sieve 5A column.

Ash content

Ash content it was determined at 8150C for 2h.

S6 P02

WORLD FAMOUS ROMANIAN PHYSICISTS

D. RĂSLEANU, D. PETRE, A. DANCU, C. CATALAN-SERBANESCU

High School „Lazar Edeleanu”, Navodari, Romania

Within the scientific project „Physics and the Computer”, we conducted activities meant to make

students knowledge about the most important contributions in Physics brought by famous Romanian scientists.

In this paper we present the biography, as well the activity of the Romanian physicist Stefan Procopiu

and Horia Hulubei.

S6 P03

COMPLEXITY THEORY AND EXACT SCIENCES CURRICULA

D. IORDACHE1, 3

, E. BODEGOM2, R. WIDENHORN

2, V. IORDACHE

1

1 Physics Department, Univ. “Politehnica” Bucharest, 060032, Romania

2 Physics Department, Portland State University, Oregon - USA

3 IT Section, Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest

As it is known, the continuous improvement of the advanced materials and of the intelligent devices [1]

imposes the use of Complex systems. In parallel, the progress of the scientific research and even of the scientific

education was hindered considerably in the last decades by the insufficient knowledge of the Complexity theory

[2].


155

Despite of these findings, the rather recent changes of the Exact Sciences School Curricula acted

exclusively for their simplification and sometimes only to re-order the basic classical topics [3], which is not

sufficient, of course. In order to ensure an efficient improvement of these Curricula, it is necessary a very clear

central (pivot) idea, which can be the use of the Complexity theory elements [4] – basic features of the exact

sciences trend in future. The accomplished study pointed out: a) the presence even from the first elementary

forms of some “seeds” of the Complexity Theory [as some notions of Numerical Analysis, Symmetry Theory,

and even of the centrality, hierarchical structures, etc], b) the necessity to strengthen in the undergraduate

academic cycle the bridges between the main Exact Sciences: (i) symmetry and similitude theory from

Mathematics towards Physics, (ii) quantum, atomic and gravitational theories from Physics towards Chemistry,

and Cosmology, respectively, (iii) amino-acids, polypeptides, etc., from Chemistry to Biology), etc.

References

1. R. Widenhorn, E. Bodegom, D. Iordache "Computational Approach to Dark Current Spectroscopy in CCDs as

Complex Systems", Sci. Bull. "Politehnica" Univ. Bucharest, 72A(4)197-208(2010), 73A(1)149-162.

2. E. Bodegom, D. Iordache “Physics for Engineers”, Politehnica Press, Bucharest, vol. 2 (2008), chapter 10, pp.

294-336.

3. G. Heitmann, A. Avdelas, O. Arne “Innovative Curricula in Engineering education”, vol. C, Firenze

University Press, 2003.

4. a) D. Iordache “Complexity in Applied Mechanics and Electrical Engineering, respectively”, chapter 5, pp.

103-154, 3rd volume “Topics in Applied Mechanics”, Romanian Academy Printing House, Bucharest, 2005; b)

R. Dobrescu, D. Iordache “Complexity and Information”, Romanian Academy Printing House, Bucharest, 2010

S6 P04

DIFFUSION AND OSMOSIS-IN TERMS OF PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY

Jasmina DJOKIC JOVANOVIC1, Vladimira HREPIC

1, Tihomir LAZAREVIC

1, Tatjana MISIC

2, Marina

NAJDANOVIC LUKIC3

1Grammar School“ Sabacka gimnazija“, Masarikova 13, 15 000 Sabac,

2Primary school “Cegar”, Skolska bb,

18 000Nis, 3Primary school “Desanka Maksimovic” , Čokot, 18 000 Nis, Serbia

The phenomena such as diffusion and osmosis are studied at different times in physics, chemistry and biology

classes. A lesson designed in this way, intended for third grade grammar school students of science links the

knowledge gained in these subjects during their previous education. Using these simple experiments as an

incentive for students, we connect these science disciplines, not only in theory but also in practice. This paper

aims at an interdisciplinary approach to teaching and popularization of physics, chemistry and biology among

students, because these sciences are unfairly being neglected.

S6 P05

NEW TRENDS IN TEACHING PHYSICS IN ROMANIAN HIGH SCHOOLS

Valerica BABAN1,2

, Alexandru JIPA1, Sorina LEU

2

1Bucharest University Faculty of Physics,

2Ovidius High School Constanţa

Nowadays is already a reality that in the context of the rapid technological developments both the

curriculum and the teaching methods in physics should be adjusted. The main aim of this paper is to present a

proposal for an updated curriculum regarding teaching of the nuclear physics in 12th

grade in high school which

is the last class in Romanian educational system. We are able also to present a new approach related to teaching

methods of this curriculum. Our work is based on activities developed during 2012-2013 school year with

Ovidius High School students.

Nuclear physics is a major component of the modern physics and from the point of view of the

education it has at least two motive to be important for our students . First it is important that all our students

know the impact of the radiations and the nuclear technologies on their lives and to have a good understanding of

the subject. Second it is obvious the contribution of the research in high energy physics field to the knowledge of

the evolution of the Universe and to the development of the new technologies including computational

technologies.


156

In response to the challenge described above we exemplify our approach with two topics “The Uranium

and its applications” and “From the microcosm to the macrocosm”. In the first example a historical perspective

has been made starting with the uranium discovery and its first applications continuing with nuclear fission

reaction , chain reaction , nuclear reactor and some current issues like protection against nuclear accidents and

mining conservation . The cases of the Baiţă and Ciudanoviţa , two Romanian mines, has been discussed. In

the second example we intend to bring the attention to the one most challenging research topic of our days , the

evolution of the Universe, and to discuss with the students about Big Bang and Little Bang and the new

technologies developed at CERN and other major research centers.

From the methodical point of view a web-based e-Learning platform has been developed . We think

that using interactive multimedia materials, computer simulations , virtual laboratories, and exchange the

informations over national and international educational networks will be the future of the education.

S6 P06

NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR EARTH PHYSICS - EDUCATION AND PUBLIC OUTREACH

ACTIVITIES

DRAGOS TATARU1, BOGDAN ZAHARIA

1, BOGDAN GRECU

1, CONSTANTIN IONESCU

1

1 National Institute for Earth Physics, Magurele, Romania, [email protected]

Most people are amazed to learn that an earthquake occurred today and they are astonished to discover

that earthquakes are continually occurring. In general, the public views earthquakes as unusual events that result

in cataclysmic destruction.

The National Institute for Earth Physics – NIEP (www.infp.ro) is the leading institution in Romania

responsible for the earthquake monitoring of the country and basic and applied researches in seismology. One

important objective of the institute with vital impact on society needs is the improvement of the link between

research, education and training. NIEP has become increasingly active in this direction.

One example is the a strategic national educational project ROEDUSEIS (“Romanian Educational

Seismic Network”; www.roeduseis.ro) started in 2012 that focuses on educational and social aspects related to

earthquake risk and e-learning in Romania. In the framework of the project, NIEP in collaboration with project

partners has recently developed a complete collection of educational materials for primary, secondary and high

schools and organized the training course “Teaching Geosciences in High schools” for high schools teachers

aimed at providing the scientific background, laboratory practices and new ideas on earthquakes and related

risks. A network of seismographs will be set up in schools next year following to be operated by teachers and

students. It will give them the opportunity to work with scientific real data and to achieve “hand-on science”

activities and experiments.

Two recent initiatives, planned to be implemented through two submitted projects, have as target

museums and Hateg National Geopark (www.geopark.go.ro) as perfect places for developing informal,

educational and training activities in the field of geosciences in general and seismology in particular.

NIEP is also known as a target institution for educational school programs and events. For example in

the school week event entitle “Another kind of school - 2013” more than 500 students and teachers visited the

Institute in an organized manner getting in touch with seismology and earthquake related topics guided by

qualified personnel of the institute. Also for annual events, such as Research Saloon or Earth Day, NIEP came

with new and adapted exhibitions trying to reach the public with valuable information about earthquakes and

seismicity of Romania as well as presenting Institute’s important research achievements in the field.

Improving public awareness and education of the population is an essential part of mitigation of natural

risks. Starting this effort at the level of schools will certainly be a way to increase the chances of success.

Each project and action mentioned here contain one or more outcomes that will define the Vision,

Mission and Goals of the NIEP Education, Outreach and Training Strategic Plan intended to be developed and

implemented in the next four years.

S6 P07

CLIMATE CHANGE AND EXTREME HEAT EVENTS IN URBAN AREAS IN RELATION WITH

HEALTH

Mariana Rodica DIDA

1, Maria ZORAN

2

1 University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania


157

2 National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Bucharest Magurele, Romania

Extreme heat events (EHE), characterized by stagnant, warm air masses and consecutive nights with

high minimum temperatures, represent a significant public health problem in the European countries among that

Romania. According to that general circulation models prediction of climate change and IPCC projects during

next years EHE will be exacerbated by the synergistic effects of a warming climate, urbanization, and an aging

population. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can cause heat-related illnesses, including heat cramps,

heat syncope, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and death.

It seems that heatwaves will become more frequent and intense, especially in the South- Eastern parts of

Romania, affecting large urban areas that are not well adapted to them.

Extreme heat event–related mortality is characterized by temperatures and humidities substantially greater than

the mean for a specific time of year.

In fact, exposure to extreme heat is already a significant public health problem, extreme heat events

(EHE), or heatwaves, are the most prominent cause of weather-related human mortality in Europe and Romania

being responsible for more deaths annually than thunderstorms, lightning, floods, and earthquakes combined.

This paper considers major epidemiologic risk factors associated with health problems from extreme heat

exposure and discusses future drivers of heat-related mortality, including a warming climate, the urban heat

island effect, and an aging population.

As test site case is analyzed Bucharest metropolitan area during 2000- 2012 period of time. High

ambient heat during summer periods also affects human health through its effect on air pollution with particulate

matter air pollutants (especially PM10 and PM2.5). A positive association has been found between high air

temperatures and high levels of particulate matter PM10 and ground-level ozone production with an increased

evidence of their synergistically effects on human health.

S6 P08

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF BIPYRIDINE- AND

PHENANTROLINE-BASED LIGANDS

Adrian TRANDAFIR, Ana Maria TRANDAFIR, Mihai GIRTU

Faculty of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania

Bipyridine and phenantroline are bidentate chelating ligands, which can form with ruthenium

complexes used in dye sensitized solar cells. We report results of electronic structure calculations of various

bipyridine- and phenantroline-based ligands with fused aromatic rings and N heteroatoms. We use the Huckel

Molecular Orbital Method and the routines of Wolfram's Mathematica 7.0 software and discuss comparatively

the optical properties.

S6 P09

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF VARIOUS COUMARIN-BASED DYES FOR DYE-SENSITIZED

SOLAR CELLS

Anamaria TRANDAFIR, Adrian TRANDAFIR and Mihai A. GIRTU

Department of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, 900527, Romania

Coumarin-based dyes are widely used as dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells. We present here results of

electronic structure calculations of various coumarin-based dyes. Our approach is based on the Huckel Molecular

Orbital theory and exploits numerical functions of the software “Mathematica 8.0”. We qualitatively discuss the

optical properties and the role of various constituents, such as cyano, ethyl and thiophene groups.


158

S6 P10

FRICTION: A PLURIDISCIPLINARY TOPIC

Irina MARIN

Physics Department, Economic College Mangalia, Constanta, Romania

Many topics studied in school are too complex to be approached by a single field of study. To understand and

solve complex topics approach is needed in terms of combining several disciplines.

Friction is a complex process of molecular, mechanical and energetical nature which is conducted to the contact

surface of the objects. Pluridisciplinary aspect of friction derives from the interaction of different processes at the

micro and macro level contact and in the presence of relative motion. Scientific aspects of friction reveal

irreversible mechanical processes for complex effects of energy dissipation in solids and liquids materials.

Explanation of these phenomena and their application to constructive optimization are based on knowledge of

deformable solid mechanics, fluid flow, rheology, heat transfer, materials science and chemistry. The study of

friction is important, for example, in order to obtain the best possible hip prostheses so that it can restore, as

close as possible, the natural movement of the hip. Studying friction laws, the coefficient of friction and with a

pluridisciplinary perspective of this phenomenon may help improve quality of life.

S6 P11

STUDY OF SOME PERFORMANT METHODS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE AND ART

Mihaela GHELMEZ (DUMITRU)1, Paul I.CONSTANTINESCU

1, Cristian Ghiocel TOMA

1 , Paul AGARICI

2

1“Politehnica” University of Bucharest, Department of Physics, Splaiul Independentei 313, 77206, Bucharest

2“Scoala de Arta”, Bucharest

Taking into account the importance of the visual information in all domains, the paper presents some answers to

the question: how photonic methods can help the modern photography, both scientific and artistic. Basic

information and mathematical models concerning aquisition, processing and deliver of images, performant

devices and software are presented. Some examples, realised by authors, are analysed. They are both theoretic

and practic, for both scientific (very accurate imagistic) and artistic (personal interpretation of the reality)

purposes.

The material of the paper is subject of a Master’s degree Disertation Thesis in Photonics- at the Applied

Sciences Faculty, U.P.B.

S6 P12

FIELD EFFECTS IN LIQUID CRYSTALS

Mihaela GHELMEZ (DUMITRU)1, Gabriela SAVU (CONSTANTIN)

2, Cristian TOMA

1

1“Politehnica” University of Bucharest, Department of Physics, Splaiul Independentei 313, 77206, Bucharest

2“Petru Poni” High School, Bucharest

In the frame of spreading physics phenomena explanation in high schools, we present a material concerning the

liquid crystal state of the matter and some modern applications.

Practical data and theoretical models are discussed. Some experiments with substances important for the

medicine and biology, like fatty acids and cholesterol, in physical fields (thermal, electric, optic) are described.

Structural models of the bilogical membrane were elaborated on the basis of different physico-chemical

techniques. Electronic devices and modern lasers with liquid crystals are exemplified, with the goal that students

understand and could perform future studies on this subject.

S6 P13

NUMERICAL COMPUTATION OF THE SYMMETRIES FOR THE

MECHANICAL MODELS OF FIELD THEORIES. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH

Afrodita Liliana BOLDEA1

, Costin Radu BOLDEA2


159

1 Department of Computer Sciences, University of Craiova Romania

2 Department of Computer Sciences, University of Craiova, Romania

This paper proposes a methodical study for the Lie symmetries investigation in the case of a general 2D

mecanical model arising from field equations, with a concrete study of an astrophysic’s system: the 2D Hénon-

Heiles mechanical model.

References [1] A. Boldea, C.R. Boldea, Symmetries for a Fourth Order Partial Differential Equation, in Proceedings

of the 6th Conference of Physics TIM - 06, Annals of West University of Timisoara, Physics Series, Vol. 48,

pp.101-107, 2006.

[2] A. Boldea, Generalized Potential Symmetries for Non-linear Evolution Equations, in Proceedings of

the 8th Conference of Physics TIM - 08, Annals of West University of Timisoara, Physics Series, Vol. 48, pp. 8-

14, 2008.

[3] G. Bluman and S. Kumei, Symmetries of Differential Equations, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1989.

[4] Martin C. Gutzwiller, Haosul in mecanica clasică şi cuantică, Ed. Thehnica, 1998.

[5] M. Henon and C. Heiles "The Applicability of the Third Integral of Motion: Some Numerical

Experiments." Astron. J. 69, 73-79, 1964.

[6] N. Ibragimov, Transformation Groups Applied to Mathematical Physics, D. Reidel, Boston, 1985.

[7] P. Olver, Applications of Lie Groups to Differential Equations, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.

[8] A. D. Polyanin and V. F. Zaitsev, Hanbook of Nonlinear Partial Differntial Equations, Chapman

and Hall/CRC Press Company, Boca Raton, 2004.

S6 P14

MEASUREMENT OF AC ELECTRIC PARAMETERS AND EVIDENCE OF ODD HARMONICS IN A

HID LAMP

Novac Adrian HARABOR1, Ana HARABOR

2, Elena Loredana HARABOR

3

1Department of Physics, ‘‘Politehnica’’ University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest,

Romania; 2Department of Physics, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of Craiova, 13 A. I. Cuza Str., 200585

Craiova, Romania; 3Carol I National College, Ion Maiorescu Str., No 2, Craiova, Romania

There are known the difficulties to measure the electric parameters of a HID lamp due to very high currents in

the moment of ignition that could also damage the lamp if connected directly to the public power. Using, as

ballasts, different filamentary tungsten resistances in a vacuum bulb in the circuit of a Hg HID lamp we are able

to vary the lamp power. On the other hand there is also a possibility to delay the time until the steady state is

attained giving us the opportunity to observe, by optical emission spectroscopy, the presence in the discharge

column, together with the Hg atoms and Ar atoms (as a buffer gas) the Y+, Ba

+, Ca

+ ions, belonging to the

emissive mixture deposited between the tungsten electrode and the W coils around it. To record in the same time

the lamp AC electrical potential, current and power we used Pasco current-voltage sensors and adequate circuits

in order to respect the limits characterising the devices (maximum of 10 V for voltage and of 1 A for current). To

calibrate the results, Leybold multimeters have been used.

We could find the lamp current using a Thevenin equivalent circuit, where the output resistance is the one

corresponding to the incandescent tungsten filamentary resistance that has a temperature dependence of the type,

R=R0(1�0)) and a loosing power by thermal radiation in conformity with Stephan-Boltzmann low,

URIR=T4, where is Stephan-Boltzamann constant. The thermal increase of ballast resistance in time will

compensate the lamp low-frequency negative impedance during their warm-up phase.

The electrical behaviour in time of the discharge can be explained by the decrease of the electrical conductivity

resulting from the pressure increase due to the plasma heating that is controlled by the resistive ballast

functioning as a current-limiting element. All the gas-discharge lamps stabilized by ballasts have harmonics in

the lamp current because the voltage across the discharge tube is more or less a square wave of changing polarity

every half cycle.

As the ballast determines the current, there will be odd harmonics in the lamp current too. In our case the Fourier

analysis revealed the presence of the odd harmonics in the time dependence of the electrical parameters (current

and voltage) of the lamp [1]. Finally we calculate the nth

coefficient to see they are in compliance with the international standards.

References:


160

[1] N. A. Harabor, A. Harabor, ”Harmonic distortions of the AC waveform for a Hg HID lamp”, Physics AUC,

vol. 21, 30-39, (2011)

S6 P15

ONTO AN APPROPRIATE LIST OF ABILITIES OF THE CURRICULUM FOR PHYSICS

Gheorghe DUMITRESCU

Toma N.Socolescu High School, Ploiesti, Romania, [email protected]

The present curriculum of the Romanian school hasn’t an appropriate list of specific abilities for

physics in order to teach pupils. One of the reasons which lead to this situation is perhaps the lack of the

involving of the physicists or the teachers to accomplish this task.

We provide in our paper a list of specific abilities which can match the actual textbooks and which can help

teachers to recognize in a much easier manner the way to teach physics. Therefore teachers will be able to

improve not only their method to teach but also their manner to evaluate pupils’ output.

This paper may be another point of view concerning the further curriculum.

S6 P16

PHYSICS AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

Sorina Maria LEU and Valerica BABAN

Ovidius High School, Constanta, Romania

We report results of pedagogical research in teaching physics based on experiments, projects and reports. We

have started this are endeavor inspired by the book „Physics by experiments and games” by Luminiţa Chicinaş et

al. [1]. As the students have very different personalities and particular learning patterns we believe that the

teacher should strive to develop the various types of intelligence [2] of the pupils. The key role played by the

teacher is to discover the talents of the students and stimulate achievements based on these strengths [3].

We found that the interest in physics is significantly strengthened by the experimental work. When the

theoretical presentation of physical laws is backed by laboratory work, with demonstrations and, more

importantly, experiments that involve directly the students, teaching is the most effective. The grades obtained

by the students at tests are significantly higher and the overall students’ attitude towards physics is greatly

improved.

The student reports offer the pupils with difficulty in acquiring a theoretical, abstract understanding of physics

concepts an alternative way of discovering physics. We found that students with various other talents pick

various topics of physics for which they have a particular interest and connect those topics to their own areas of

expertise or concern. Students with artistic talents learn about physics by performing/presenting their work,

people with a passion for humanities learn physics by discussing the history or philosophy of science, pupils

with business skills are interested in profit making practical applications, whereas the future politicians debate on

themes of physics with socio-economic impact on society. The final grades and the perception of physics of all

these students are impressively increased by working on such projects, reports or debates. „Teaching science has

started as a philosophy of nature” [1].

[1] Luminita Chicinas, Fizica prin experimente si jocuri, Ed. Eurodidact, Cluj-Napoca, 2002.

[2] Florin Ovidiu Caltun, Didactica Fizicii, Ed. Universitatii Al. I. Cuza, Iasi, 2000.

[3] Daniel Goleman, Inteligenta Emotionala, Ed. Curtea Veche, Bucuresti, 2008.

S6 P17

EFFECTIV METHODS OF TEACHING PHISICS

Adriana CIOCAN

“Energetic” Technical High School, Constanta, Romania


161

Especially in the last few years, the students involvement in learning in general, also in learning physics

has decreased a lot. The fact that many Romanian students have got poor results after international evaluations as

Pisa for example has determined a group of physics teachers from our country to initiate the Project “Effective

Methods of Teaching Physics”.

The goal/role of this project is to teach physics using efficient and interactive methods and strategies,

starting with the concrete experiments and then teaching the theoretical lessons, in order to understand the

physical phenomenons from our nature and our everyday life. The project poster underlines this interactive way

of teaching physics and also the necessity of using these modern approaches and strategies on the national lavel

INDEX 162

A

ABBARCHI M. S5 L02

AGARICI Paul S6 P11

AIRINEI Anton S1 P17 S1 P18

ALEXANDRU H.V S1 P39.S1 P32 S1 L03

ALEXANDRU Mihaela S1 P23

AMO V. A. S5 L02

ANDRICIOAEI Ioan S5 L13

ANGELESCU N. S5 P27

ANGHEL Cristina S6 OP03 S6 OP04

ANTOHE S. S1 L02S1 O05 S1 P06 S1 P12 S1

P31 APETREI Marius S5 P21

ARGINTARU Danut S3 OP5

ATITOAIE Alexandru S1 P22

ATTARZADEH Amin S3 P01

B

BABAN Valerica S3 P02 S6 P05 S6 P16

BACSEI Raluca S1 P32

BADICA P. S1 O06

BAIA Lucian S1 L11

BAIA Monica S1 L11

BALABANSKI Dimiter L. S0 02

BALACEANU M. S2 L03 S2 P07

BALAZ Antun S4 L03

BALOG Anca-Andreea S5 P14S5 P15

BALOGH Imre S4 L05

BANCIU Gheorghe S3 P14

BANCIU M. G. S1 L13 S1 P39

BANCIU M.G.

BANCUTA I. S5 P05 S5 P06 S5 P09 S5 P27 S1

P14 BANCUTA R S5 P09 S5 P06 S1 P14 S5 P05

BANICI R. S2 L02

BARAN V. S3 L02

BARARU Ion S6 OP05

BARBU-TUDORAN Lucian S5 P14

BARLOW Roger S3 P12

BARNA Flavia S4 L06

BARQUINHA P. S1 O05

BARTOS D. S3 P11

BASCHIR Laurentiu S5 P17

BELC M. S1 L06

BELE Adrian S1 P23 S1 P24 S1 P25

BENETTI M. S0 06

BESLEAGA C. S1 O05

BESLIU Calin S3 L03

BIBIRE Livia S5 L05

BIRGHILA Semaghiul S1 P38

BLOCH J. S5 L02

BOCA Madalina S3 L04

BODEGOM E. S6 P03

BOLDEA Afrodita Liliana S6 P13

BOLDEA Costin Radu S6 P13

BONI G. S1 O04

BORMAMBET Melat S5 L07

BRAIC M. S2 L03 S2 P07

BRAIC V. S2 L03 S2 P07

BRAŞOVEANU Mirela S2 P01 S2 P02

BREAZU C. S4 P12

BUCURA Felicia S6 P01

BUCURICA A. S5 P09

BUDACA R. S3 OP3

BUGANU P. S3 OP2

BUHACEANU R. S5 P09

BUNOIU M. S1 L09

BUNU Liviu Octavian S5 P20

BURDUCEA I. S3 P04

BURNETE Eleonora S1 P31

BURŠÍKOVÁ Vilma S2 L05

BURUIANA Emil C. S2 P04

BURUIANA Tinca S2 P04

BURZO E.S1 L01

BUSUIOC C. S1 P39

BUTE O. S5 L06

C

C ENE A. S5 P09

CALINESCU Catalin Ionut S3 P10

CALTUN Ovidiu Florin S5 L10

CANNATÀ D. S0 06

CARAGHEORGHEOPOL Gh. S3 P11

CARAIVAN MITRUT C. S5 P35

CARAZEANU POPOVICI Ionela S1 P38

CARJA Gabriela S5 L05 S5 P34

CĂRUNTU George S5 L08

CATALAN-SERBANESCU C. S6 P02

CATARGIU Ana-Maria S2 P05

CAZACU Maria S1 P17 S1 P18 S1 P23 S1 P24 S1

P25 CAZACU-DAVIDESCU I. S6 OP02

CHARVILAT C. S4 P13

CHELARESCU E.D. S5 P09 S5 P29

CHEN Yuan S0 05

CHERCIU Madalin S3 OP5

CHESNEANU Daniela S3 P03

CHICEA Dan S1 O02 S4 P06

CHILIAN A. S5 P05 S5 P06S5 P09

CHILIAN Andrei S5 P29

CHIRILA C. S1 O04

CHIRU P. S2 L02 S2 P10

CHIŢU Greti S5 L07

CIMPEANU C. S3 P04

CIMPOCA GH. V. S5 L06 S5 P09 S5 P05 S5 P06

CIMPOESU Fanica S1 L05 S1 P26 S1 P28 S1

P29 S1 L15 S5 OP02

CIOANGER M. S3 P09

CIOBOTARU C.C. S1 L14 S1 O03

CIOBOTARU I.C. S1 L14 S1 O03

CIOCAN Adriana S6 P17

CIOCIRLAN C. N. S3 P06

CIUCA S. S4 P13

CIUPARU Dragoş S0 05

CIUPINA V. S1 L06 S1 P04 S1 P31 S1 P34 S1

P35 S1 P37 S2 L04 S2 P08 S2 P12 S2 P15. S5

P32 S5 P33 COBÎRZAN Nicoleta S5 P14 S5 P15

COJOCARU G. S2 L02

COLOT Vincent S4 P11

INDEX 163

COMAN Tudor S5 L10

CONDURACHE-BOTA S. S5 P09 S2 P16

CONSTANTIN Angela Petruta S5 P03

CONSTANTINEANU Raluca S1 P06

CONSTANTINESCU Paul I. S6 P11

CONSTANTINESCU Eliodor S3 OP5

CONSTANTINESCU Marius S6 P01

CONTULOV M S2 L04 S1 L06 S2 P11 S2 P14

COSMA Constatin S3 P14

COTIRLAN-SIMIONIUC Costel S5 P01

COVEI Dragoș-Pătru S4 P02

CRACIUN Dana S4 P05

CRACIUN Gabriela S1 P08 S1 P09 S1 P10 S1 P11

CRACIUN L. S. S3 P04 S3 P05

CRACIUN Liviu Stefan S5 P30

CRACIUN Valentin S1 P05

CRISTEA Gabriela S4 P01 S5 P31

CRISTESCU C.P. S4 P04

CRISTESCU Cristina M. S4 P04

CRISTESCU R. S4 P12

CUCU-MAN S S5 P09.

CULICOV O. S5 P05S5 P09

D

DANCIU Virginia S1 L11

DANCU A. S6 P02

DĂNILĂ O. S2 P17

DĂNIŞOR Alin S5 L08

DANNENMAYER K. S2 L01

DARTU Laura S5 L05

DASCALU Traian S5 L01

DAVID-RUS Diana S4 P11

DEACU Daniela S5 L08

DI PIETRANTONIO F. S0 06

DIDA Mariana Rodica S6 P07

DIMA Bogdan S4 L06

DIMA G. S5 P09

DIMA Ştefana Maria S4 L06

DINCA V. S0 06

DINCA V. S1 L06 S2 L04 S2 P14 S2 P15

DINESCU Adrian S2 P16

DINESCU M. S0 06

DINU (CUCOŞ) Alexandra S3 P14

DINU M. S2 L03

DITTMAR T. S2 P09

DJOKIC JOVANOVIC Jasmina S6 P04

DOBRESCU R. S4 P03

DOBRIN R. I. S3 P06

DOERNER R. S2 P09

DOGARU GH. S3 P07

DORCIOMAN G S4 P12.

DOROFTEI C. S1 P15 S5 OP01

DRAGOLICI F. S3 P07 S3 P08

DRAGOMIR Florin S5 P18 S5 P19 S5 P20

DRAGOMIR Otilia Elena S5 P18 S5 P19

DRAGUSIN Mitica S5 P13

DRASOVEAN R. S5 P09

DRASOVEAN Romana S1 P36 S4 P09

DUCA Voicu S5 P15

DULAMA C. N. S3 P06

DULAMA I S5 P09

DUMBRAVĂ Anca S1 P26 S5 P25

DUMITRESCU Gheorghe S6 P15

DUTA L. S4 P13

E

EDGECOCK Rob S3 P12

ENACHE Irina S5 P25

ENACHESCU Cristian S1 L04 S1 P22

ENCULESCU I S1 L12

ENCULESCU M. S5 P24 S5 P28

ENE Antoaneta S5 L11 S5 P08 S5 P11 S5 P12

EPURE T-D. S1 L06

EPURESCU George S2 P04

EUGENIU V. S1 P04

F

FERARU I. S2 L02

FERBINTEANU Marilena S1 L05 S1 L15 S1 P28

S1 P40 S1 P41 S5 OP02

FERRIER L. S5 L02

FILIPESCU Dan S3 L01

FLAYAC H. S5 L02

FLORESCU Viorica S3 L04

FORTUNATO E. S1 O05

FRANTZESKAKIS D. J. S0 03

FRECHE M. S4 P13

FRECUŞ Bogdan S1 L15 S1 P28

FRONTASYEVA Marina V. S5 P08 S5 P09

G

GALATANU M. S5 P28. S1 L12 S5 P24

GALATANU A. S1 L12 S5 P24 S5 P28

GALCA A.C S1 O04 S1 O05 S1 P05 S1 P21 S1

L08 GALOPIN E. S5 L02

GANEA Constantin Paul S1 L03

GEORGESCU Adrian S5 P25 S5 P21 S5 P33

GEORGESCU Lucian S4 P07 S4 P08 S5 P26

GEORGESCU Serban S1 P01 S1 P02

GEORGESCU Ştefan S4 P15

GHEBOIANU A S5 P09 S5 P05 S5 P06 S1 P14

GHELMEZ (DUMITRU) Mihaela S6 P11 S6 P12

GHEORGHIES Constantin S5 P08

GHICA C. S1 O04

GHICA D.V. S5 P02

GHITA Dan Gabriel S3 P10

GHITA I. S1 P20

GHITA Rodica S5 P01

GHITULETE C. S2 P12

GIRTAN Mihaela S1 P12

GÎRŢU Mihai A S5 P25 S1 L15. S1 P26 S1 P28

S1 P29 S1 P30 S5 OP02 S5 P33 S6 P08 S6 P09 S1

P40 S1 P41

GIUBEGA Georgiana S3 OP1

GIUGIULAN (POENARU) Raluca S5 P07

GIURGIU L.M. S1 P13

GOSAV Steluta S1 P36 S4 P09

GRECU Bogdan S6 P06

GRIGORA TOMA Lucica S5 P29

INDEX 164

GRIGORAS Mircea S2 P05

GRIGORESCU C. S2 L02

GRIGORESCU Enric Leon S5 P04

GROSSIN D. S4 P13

GRUBER Christian S1 P18

GUGIU Marius S3 P10

H

HARABOR Ana S2 P06 S6 P14

HARABOR Elena Loredana S6 P14

HARABOR Novac-Adrian S2 P06 S6 P14

HATU Cristian S6 L02

HOSEYNI Seyed Mohsen S3 P15

HREPIC Vladimira S6 P04

HRIB L. S1 O04

I

IACOBESCU G. S2 P08

IACOMI F. S1 L10 S1 P03 S1 P07 S1 P15 S1 P33

IFTIMIE N. S1 P33

IFTIMIE Sorina S1 P12

IFTIMIE Sorina S1 P31

IGHIGEANU Daniel S1 P08 S1 P09 S1 P10 S1

P11

IGNATENKO Oleg V. S5 P08

ION I. M. S5 P27

ION Ioana S2 P04

ION L. S1 P06

ION R. S5 P05

ION R.-M. S5 P06

IONASCU L. S3 P07 S3 P08

IONESCU C. S3 P04 S3 P05

IONESCU Constantin S6 P06

IONESCU Cristina S5 P30

IONESCU Viorel S5 P22 S5 P23

IONIŢĂ Gheorghe S1 P19

IORDACHE D. S4 P03 S6 P03

IORDACHE Iulian S1 P19 S1 P27

IORDACHE V. S6 P03

IORGA Ioan S5 P13

IOVU H. S1 O03 S5 L04

IRIMIA M. S1 P03

ISVORAN Adriana S4 P05

IUGA A. S1 P20

IVĂNESCU Mădălina S6 OP01

J

JAHANFARNIA Gholamreza S3 P15

JAMET Hélène S4 P09

JEPU I. S1 L06 S2 P08 S2 P09 S1 P04 S2 L02 S2

P10 S2 P12 S2 P13

JIPA Alexandru S3 P02S3 L03 S6 P05

JITARU Florentina S2 P04

JOHNSON C. W. S3 OP4

K

KARIMI Kaveh S3 P15

KOIKE Y. S1 O06

KOMPITSAS M. S1 P12

KOUDOUMAS E. S1 P07

KUDRNA P. S2 L01

KUNCSER V. S1 O04 S1 O06 S1 P20 S2 P08

L

LAZAREVIC Tihomir S6 P04

LEAHU Iulian S6 L03

LEBOWITZ Joel L. S4 P11

LEMAITRE A. S5 L02

LENGYEL Ecaterina S4 P06

LEU Sorina Maria S6 P16

LEU Sorina S6 P05

LIM Steven S0 05

LIPPERT T. S0 06

LOGOFATU Constantin S5 P01

LUCULESCU C. R. S4 P12

LUCULESCU C. S2 L02 S2 P08 S2 P12 S5 P33

LUNGU Jeanina S1 P26 S5 P33

LUNGU Mihai S5 P07

LUNGU A. M. S2 L02 S2 P10

LUNGU C. P. S1 L06 S1 P04 S2 L02 S2 L04 S2

P08 S2 P09 S2 P10 S2 P13

LUNGU M. S1 L09

LUNGULESCU Marius Eduard S1 P14

M

M. STIHI S5 P09

MACOVEI Violeta S1 P40

MAGDAS Alina S5 P31

MAGDAS Dana Alina S4 P01

MAHDIAN Behnam S3 P01

MALAESCU Iosif S5 P07 S3 P13

MALPUECH G. S5 L02

MANAILA Elena S1 P08 S1 P09 S1 P10 S1 P11

MANDES A. S1 L06 S2 L04 S2 P11 S2 P15

MARCU A. S2 L02 S2 P12

MARDARE Dragos S5 L05 S5 P34

MARIAN T. S1 L09

MARIN A. S2 L02

MARIN Irina S6 P10

MARSAN O S4 P13

MATEI Cristina S1 P01 S1 P02

MATEI Florina S0 05

MAZOUFFRE S. S2 L01

MERIGEON J. S1 P12

MICLOS Sorin S5 P17

MICULESCU F. S4 P13

MIHAILESCU I.N. S0 04S4 P12 S4 P13 S5 P33

MIHALACHE Dumitru S4 L01

MIHALACHE V. S3 P09

MINAEV Boris F. S1 P30 S5 L12

MÎNDRU Carmen S1 L03

MINGIREANU Florin S4 P07 S5 P26

MIROIU F. M. S4 P13

MIROIU M. S4 P12

MISIC Tatjana S6 P04

MIU L. S1 O06

MOCANU Ionut Razvan S5 P26

MOLDOVAN A.S. S5 P02

MOLDOVAN I.A. S5 P02 S5 P03

MOSCALU Florin S1 P29

INDEX 165

MUNTEANU Viorel S5 P11 S5 P12

MURARIU Gabriel S2 P16 S4 P07 S4 P08 S5 P26

MUSTEATA Valentina S1 P23

N

NĂCHESCU Miruna S4 L06

NAGY Bálint Zsolt S4 L05

NAJDANOVIC LUKIC Marina S6 P04

NASTASE Silviu S1 P02

NECULAE A. S1 L09

NÉDA Zoltán S4 L05

NEDELCU L. S1 L13 S1 P39 S1 L03 S1 P32

NEGREA D. S3 OP4

NEGREA R. S1 O04

NEGRILA C. Catalin S1 P21 S5 P01

NEMNES George Alexandru S1 P16

NEMŢANU Monica R. S2 P01 S2 P02

NICA V. S1 P03 S1 P33

NICOLESCU V. S1 L06

NICOLIN Alexandru I. S4 P10 S4 L04

NICU M. S3 P07 S3 P08

NICULAE D. S3 P05

NISTOR Leona C. S1 P21

NITA C. S4 P12

NOJI T. S1 O06

O

OANCEA- STANESCU I. M. S1 L06 S5 P32

OLARIU Nicolae S5 P19

OLTEANU Liviu S5 P19

OPREA Corneliu I. S1 L15 S1 P26 S1 P28 S1 P29

S1 P30 S5 P25 S5 OP02

OPREA Adrian S5 P19

OPREA Camelia S5 P33

OPREA Filis S6 OP01

OSICEANU P. S2 L02

P

PALARIE Ion S2 P06

PALLA-PAPAVLU A. S0 06

PANA I. S2 L03

PANAIT Petre S1 L15 S1 P26 S1 P28 S1 P29 S1

P30 S5 P25 S5 OP02

PANTELICA Ana S3 P10

PAP Zsolt S1 L11

PAPP Botond S3 P14

PARAU A. S2 L03

PASUK I. S1 O04

PAVEL Nicolaie S5 L01

PAVELESCU Alexandru S5 P13

PAZARA Tiberiu S5 L09

PELSTER Axel S4 L02

PEŘINA Vratislav S2 L05

PETIN A. S2 L01

PETRĂȘESCU L. S1 P34 S1 P35

PETRE D. S6 P02

PETRIS M. S3 P11

PETROVICI M. S3 P11

PINTILIE I. S1 O04

PINTILIE L. S1 O04

PLACINTA Anica Otilia S5 P03

POLOSAN S. S1 L14 S1 O03

POPA A. S1 P13

POPA P.D. S1 P15 S5 OP01 S5 P10

POPESCU B S1 L12 S5 P28

POPESCU Emilia S5 P03

POPESCU I. V. S5 P05 S5 P06 S5 P09

POROSNICU C. S1 L06 S1 P34 S1 P35 S2 L02 S2

L04 S2 P08 S2 P09 S2 P10 S2 P12 S2 P13

PRIOTEASA I. S1 P37

PRODAN G. S1 L06 S1 P04 S1 P34 S1 P35 S2

P11 S2 P15 S5 P32 S5 P33

PRODAN M. S1 L06

PUSCAS Romulus S4 P01 S5 P31

PUSCASU Magda S5 P34

R

RACLES Carmen S1 P23 S1 P24 S1 P25

RACOLTA P. M S3 P04

Radion CHERKEZ S1 P42

RADU A. S1 P06

RADULESCU C. S5 P06 S5 P09

RADULESCU Cristiana S5 P29

RADULESCU L. S3 P11

RADUTA A. A. S3 OP2 S3 OP3

RAITA O. S1 P13

RAMBU A.P. S1 P33

RAMBU P. A. S1 P03

RAPORTARU Mihaela Carina S4 P10

RĂSLEANU D. S1 P04 S6 P02

RASOGA O.L. S4 P12

RATA Ionel S4 P14

RATA R. G. S3 P04 S3 P05

RATA Roxana S3 P12

RAZVAN Mocanu Ionut S4 P07

REZLESCU E. S5 OP01 S5 P10

REZLESCU N. S5 OP01 S5 P10

RIBITSCH Volker S1 P18

RISTEA Catalin S3 L03

RISTEA Oana S3 L03

RISTOSCU Carmen S0 04

ROBERT Begy S3 P14

ROTARESCU GH. S3 P08

RUSU G.G. S1 P33

S

SAGNES I. S5 L02

SAINZ Carlos S3 P14

SALA G. S5 L02

SALAMU Gabriela S5 L01

SAMOILESCU Gheorghe S5 L09

SÁNDOR Bulcsú S4 L05

SANDRU Claudia S6 P01

SANDU S.G. S1 O06 S1 P20

SANDULESCU N. S3 OP4

SAVASTRU D.M. S5 P16 S5 P17

SAVASTRU R.S. S5 P16 S5 P17

SAVU (CONSTANTIN) Gabriela S6 P12

SCARLAT E.I. S4 L07 S4 P04

SENELLART P. S5 L02

INDEX 166

SERBAN N. S4 P12

SERBAN A.T. S3 P04

SERBAN Viorel S5 P04

SERIANI Nicola S5 L03

SETNESCU Tanta S1 P14

SETNESCU R. S5 P05 S5 P06

SETNESCU Radu S1 P14

SETNESCU T. S5 P05 S5 P06

SGARCIU Valentin G. S5 P35

SIMA Felix S0 04

SIMA L. S4 P12

SIMANDAN D. S3 P09

SIMION V. S3 P11

SIMONSEN Ingve S4 L05

SION A. S5 P09

SOCOL G. S4 P12

SOCOL Gabriel S1 P05 S5 P33

SOCOL M. S4 P12

SOLNYSHKOV I. D. D. S5 L02

SOPRONYI M. S4 P13

SPUNEI M. S3 P13

STAMATE Daniela S1 P26 S1 P40 S1 P41

STAN Cristina S4 P04

STAN Elisabeta S6 OP01

STAN G.E. S1 O05

STAN George E. S1 P21 S5 P33

STAN I. S1 P06

STAN M. S1 P13

STANCU Alexandru S1 P22

STANCU Cristian S2 P13

STANCULESCU A. S4 P12

STEFAN Angela S1 P01 S1 P02

STEFAN N. S4 P12 S4 P13

STEFANOV C. S1 L06 S5 P32

STELESCU Maria Daniela S1 P10 S1 P11

STERIAN P. E. S2 P17

STIHI Claudia S5 P29

STIUBIANU George S1 P17 S1 P24 S1 P25

STOICA Adrian S2 L05

STOICA S. M. S3 P06

STOICAN O. S. S2 P03

STRAMBEANU Nicolae S5 P07

STRATICIUC M. S3 P04

SUCHEA M. S1 P07

SUCIU Liviu S3 P14

SURUGIU Ioan G. S5 P35

T

TAMAŞ Răzvan D. S5 L08

TANASA Radu S1 P22

TARCAU D. S5 P09

TATARU Dragos S6 P06

TAUTAN Marina S5 P17

TEIŞANU Aristofan Al. S1 P19

TEODORESCU Cristian-Mihail S1 L07

TEPES Daniela S6 OP03 S6 OP04

TICHÝ M. S2 L01

TIGOIANU Ionut Radu S1 P18

TIMOFTI Mihaela S4 P08

TIRON V. S1 P33

TIRON Vasile S2 P13

TISEANU I. S1 L12

TIŢA Mihaela S4 P06

TIŢA Ovidiu S4 P06

TOADER V.E. S5 P02 S5 P03

TODORAN D. S5 P09

DOROFTEI C. S5 P10

TODORAN R. S5 P09

TOLOMAN D. S1 P13

TOMA Cristian Ghiocel S6 P11

TOMA AL. S3 P06

TOMA Cristian S6 P12

TOMA L.G. S5 P09

TOMA O. S1 P06

TOPA Catalina S4 P08

TRANDAFIR Adrian S6 P08 S6 P09

TRANDAFIR Ana Maria S6 P08 S6 P09

TRINCA Liliana M. S1 P05 S1 P21

TRINH PAVLOV S.S. S5 P09

TUDORA Anabella S3 OP1

TUDOSE I.V. S1 P07

TURCANU C. S3 P08

TUTUN Ş.G. S1 P34 S1 P35

U

UNGUREANU R. S2 L02

URSESCU D. S2 L02

URSU Cristian S5 L10

V

VANCEA C. S1 P06

VASILE E. S1 L06 S1 P34 S1 P35 S1 P37

VERONA E. S0 06

VISAN A. S4 P12 S4 P13

VISAN Camelia S1 O01 S1 P16

VISAN Iuliana S3 OP1

VLAD Angelica S1 P17

VLADESCU A. S2 L03 S2 P07

VLADOIU R. S1 L06 S1 P34 S1 P35 S2 L02 S2

L04 S2 P11 S2 P14 S2 P15

VLAICU GH. S5 P27

VOICA Cezara S5 P31

VOICULESCU Ana-Maria S1 P01 S1 P02

VOPSON M. S1 P20

VRINCEANU N. S1 P07

W

WIDENHORN R. S6 P03

WOKAUN A. S0 06

Z

ZĂGAN Remus S5 L07

ZĂGAN Sabina S5 L07

ZAHARIA Bogdan S6 P06

ZALTARIOV Mirela-Fernanda S1 P17 S1 P18

ZAMFIR Nicolae-Victor S0 01

ZAROVSCHI V. S1 L06

ZEVRI Leila S1 P19 S1 P27

ZGURA I. S4 P12

ZINICOVSCAIA I. MY S5 P09

INDEX 167

ZORAN M. A S5 P16 S5 P17 S6 P07

ZUS Roxana S6 L01

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