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Transcript of eBook Future Of Work 2016
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THE FUTURE OF WORKIN THE INFORMATION AGE
10 KEY TRENDS TO WATCH IN 2016AND BEYOND
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INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT
INTELLIGENTASSISTANTS
02AUTOMATION
01VIRTUALREALITY
03WEARABLES
04
THE NEWCIO
09CYBERSECURITY
10EVOLUTION OFINTERNAL
COMMS
08
TECH &INNOVATION
INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT
EMPLOYEESTRENGTH
05GIG
ECONOMY
06NEW
WORK-LIFEBALANCE
07 GENERATIONALSHIFT
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FOREWORD
Productivity, innovation and collaboration – these are the essential foundations needed for an organisation to succeed, and survive, in themarket of the future.
The combined inuence of new technologies, new generations with their refreshing attitudes to more traditional workplace ways, and anabundance of data on our behaviour has, and continues to shape and reimagine the way we work and live.
Just 15 years ago, a future where executives accessed the latest company information on their phone, collaborated with colleagueswithout leaving their desk, and held meetings with staff in other continents with video conferencing, would have seemed radical.Today, these behaviours are the norm. Today, these changes are only the beginning.
To help prepare for the next phase, we’ve examined ten key trends in workplace culture and outlined how they can help you and your teamin the years to come.
Jack & Lloyd
Skim.it co-founders
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TECH &
01-04
INNOVATION
TECH & INNOVATION
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01AUTOMATION
F u n d i n g
0
50
100
150
200
250
$300million
Year
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Data:CB Insights
Total venture capital money for pure AI startups, by year
The coming together of what were – until recently – isolatedtechnologies mean we now stand on the verge of anunprecedented revolution that will transform business operations.
A perfect storm of technological innovations have combined toaccelerate a shift towards automation in the workplace.
Ever-increasing computer processing power anddecreasing cost of data storage
Advances and investment in Articial Intelligence.Illustrated by gure 1.
Improved Big Data analysis, largely due to developmentsin Machine Learning
The Internet of Things
Figure 1. Startup Investment
AUTOMATION
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McKinsey & Company 2015
The arrival of AI powered automation in the workplace isinevitable. However, just how it will impact the employmentlandscape of the future is the source of much debate.
Argument 1:
Displacement of workers from automation isalready happening and about to get much worse.
Argument 2:
Advances in automation will change jobs, butwon't reduce them.
Pew Research Centre, 2014
When examined in isolation, any technological advance can beeither positive or negative for employment. The outcome ultimatelydepends upon the social and political apparatus within which thetechnology operates.
Given the above and the absence of a denitive view on the
pace of transformation in the workplace resulting fromautomation, it is advisable that, at this point, a short term view ofits impact should be taken. Therefore over the next ten to 15years focus will likely be on the automation of tasks rather thanentire jobs.
Knowledge work automation will be the most
signicant disruptive technology to inuence the
world over the next 10 years, second only to theaddition of 2 – 3 billion new mobile internet
users by 2025.
M o b i l e
I n t e r n e t o f T h i n g s
A u t o m a t i o n o f k n o w l e d g e w
o r k
C l o u d
A d v a n c e d R o b o t i c s
A d v a n c e d V e h i c l e s
G e n o m i c s
E n e r g y S t o r a g e
3 D
P r i n t i n g
A d M a t e r i a l s
Fig.2 DisruptiveTechnologies
AUTOMATION
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AUTOMATION
Examples
Identifying leads, sending prospective emails, sending follow upemails, arranging meetings and gathering info on the prospect.Recognise this process? Correct – it's sales. Another area ripefor automation.
Consider the common issue of arranging meetings. A greatdeal of time is wasted sending email messages back-and-forthtrying to arrange a date, time and place that works for all partiesinvolved.
Instead, automation tools such as X.AI and Clara Labs, whencopied into any email, use AI to understand your availabilityand preferences to then schedule meetings on your behalf.All you have to do is turn up!
Automation of tasks can empower employees, teams andorganisations, eliminating tedious and time-consumingjobs, driving increases in productivity the likes of which
the business world has never before seen.
Many ground breaking companies are using AI poweredautomation – specically Machine Learning – to revolutionizetheir use of data. AI can extract patterns and relationships fromhuge volumes of data, providing data scientists with theknowledge of where to focus their work.
Humans can typically create one or two (data
analysis) models a week; machine learning can
now create thousands of models a week
Thomas H Davenport, 2014Author of Big Data@Work and Senior Advisor to Deloitte
AUTOMATION
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AUTOMATION
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Intelligent automation isn’t an option, it’s mandatory. The question is
whether you have the capabilities to not just use it, but also implement it
across every aspect of your organisation and maximise the benets.
Accenture, 2015
Begin identifying the areas and processes where investment in automation would be benecial,
eg. labour-intensive processes, repetitive mundane tasks, or data-heavy applications.
Keep an eye on the speed and direction automation is taking across industries.
Develop a plan to build, buy and/or support your automation capabilities.
Continually build understanding on the implications automation could have on your employees –specically for their skill development. A 'people rst' approach is key to automation success.
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02INTELLIGENT
ASSISTANTS
INTELLIGENT ASSISTANTS
An intelligent assistant, IA, will notify you of the need to leavefor your morning meeting (accessing your calendar, GPS, andtrafc info). On your way the IA will serve you the agenda, alongwith the latest content/news relevant to your meeting. During themeeting any important voicemails you receive will be transcribedby the IA into text to be read on your device.
During your meeting the IA would have also scheduled furthermeetings, and notied your colleagues of your imminentreturn. When back in the ofce your IA updates you onprogress, important company news, and who's available inthe workplace to collaborate with.
While the daily workow described on the left is not yet mainstream,it is very much in development.
[IPsoft’s Amelia], a ‘virtual service-desk employee’that learns on the job and can reply to email,
answer phone calls and hold conversations, is
being tested by several multinationals.
The Economist, 2015
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Of UK smart phone users say theyare ready to integrate IAs into
their everyday work lives
Intel 2015
INTELLIGENT ASSISTANTS
The development of IAs in the consumer world is very much infull swing. Apple has Siri, Microsoft has Cortana, Google hasGoogle Now, and Facebook has Facebook M.
The IA race is the one that all of the big tech players are tryingto win.
Why is this race so important?
Well, because the big players are betting on the ultimate version ofan IA being the sole way we all interact with the digital world.
Gone will be standalone apps and web pages; instead everythingwill be connected – Internet of Everything – and plug-in to a singleinterface - the IA.
INTELLIGENT ASSISTANTS
INTELLIGENT ASSISTANTS
62%
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INTELLIGENT ASSISTANTS
KEY TAKEAWAYS
We're not quite in the world of I,Robot just yet. However IAs lookset to be the future of intelligent automation.
IAs will take the form of sophisticated decision awaresoftware that will sit on our smart devices .
Mark Armstrong, 2015 VP Progress Software
Therefore, based on a user's smart device interactions, alongwith an ecosystem of complex data sets, the IA will learn howto provide a personalised information experience; one thatanticipates employees needs, delivering information andservices when they need it, wherever they are. And doing soseamlessly – without instruction or obtrusion – across all of theirdevices.
While the big tech players are trying to win the IA race, it is arace that has got many years left to run.
The race enterprises should be trying to win is the race to gureout how to best manage and integrate large complex data sets,to ultimately create autonomous decision engines. Innovationand competitiveness are at risk for those who simply wait for thearrival of an all-encompassing enterprise IA.
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03VIRTUAL REALITY
VIRTUAL REALITY
Virtual Reality (VR) technologies, such as Oculus Rift, blend thephysical world with the virtual. So much so that users becomeimmersed in an environment that feels real. It is a technologythat offers huge opportunities in the workplace.
Examples of the use of VR in the workplace include:
Teleportation/VR conference calls: VR will allow people, whocould be thousands of miles apart, to inhabit the same virtualenvironment together. Also, developments in mapping usersfacial expressions onto human avatars looks set to create moreconvincing virtual social interactions.
Training: Virtual situations could be created that are moreengaging and cost effective. Dangerous environments couldbe replicated for employees to develop their skills within; andaccess to teachers and conferences, for multiple workers,would be possible.
Data: VR could deliver data that you can visualise andmanipulate in 3D, with co-workers from around the world– improving collaboration, efciency and innovation.
The feeling of being in a relevant location amongst colleagues willimprove the connectedness and engagement of remote workers –helping to take virtual working and collaboration to the next level.
Immersive technologies therefore appear to be the next logicalstep on from current workplace mobility. Particularly so givenMark Zuckerberg (who acquired Oculus Rift for $2bn) is a fan.
Immersive virtual and augmented reality will become a part
of people’s everyday life.
Mark Zuckerberg, 2015
KEY TAKEAWAYS
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04WEARABLES
WEARABLES
Organisations should start identifying the tasks and processes thatrequire brief employee interactions or could be improved if theemployees were hands free.
Avoid creating apps just for the sake of it. An app must help toincrease employee engagement, productivity, or operationalefciency.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Smart glasses – eg Glass at Work; which is Google Glass forthe enterprise – allow users to interact with or record informationhands-free, offering clear safety and productivity benets.
Smart Watches – eg Apple Watch – allow for improvedltering of information. An employee can ensure they onlyreceive notications when the information really concerns themand with a single glance can make decisions and take actions
in a seamless, unobtrusive manner. Tracking project progress,receiving key updates from their community, or getting thelatest sales gures, just some of the features leading smartwatch apps, such as SalesForce are focussing on.
Trackers allow organisations to monitor employee activity,whether for wellness, location or security.
Organisations need to begin planning for the end-user demand ofwearables in the workplace.
94% of professionals that own or plan to purchase a
wearable device want to use it for work
Mobile Iron, 2015
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GENERATIONAL
SHIFT05-07
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05EMPLOYEE STRENGTH
EMPLOYEE STRENGTH
The millennial generation, born between 1980 and
2000 now entering employment in vast numbers, will
shape the world of work for years to come. Attracting
the best of these millennial workers is critical to the
future of your business. Their career aspirations,attitudes about work, and knowledge of new
technologies will dene the culture of the 21st
century workplace.
Respondents to the survey also stated that the most-often namedroot cause of talent and skills shortages is generational:
Newer generations are less interested in traditional roles and seethemselves as free agents (trend 6).
The scarcity of people with skills required for emerging rolesis perceived as the most critical market shortage.
Millennials at work – reshaping the workplacePWC, 2012
In KPMG's Global 2014 HR Centre of Excellence Survey, themajority of respondents agreed that there is a new war for talent,and this war is different from those of the past.
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EMPLOYEE STRENGTH
Employees are also displaying signs of strength from withinthe organisation.
Knowledge workers (KWs) have been largely responsible fordriving the digital transformation of the workplace, to satisfy theirneed for improving collaboration, innovation and mobility,ultimately to access and manage information better, so they cando their job more productively.
Cisco, 2013
KWs desire to share information freely within an organisation hasalso forced many organisations to do away with traditional‘command and control’ hierarchical structures, resulting withmany organisations now operating at, open structures.
Way back in 1992, in an Essay for Harvard Business Review, PeterDrucker declared that:
Increasing the productivity of knowledge workers
was the most important contribution management
needs to make in the 21st century.
Yet, more than 20 years later, it can be said that management hasplayed a very small role in helping increase the productivity of KWs.KWs' strength alone has been the biggest driver of change.
EMPLOYEE STRENGTH
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Organisations can also use the strength of employees to their
own advantage by investing more heavily in employeeadvocacy programs.
Employee advocacy programs allow organisations to takeadvantage of their employees' own networks, allowing companycontent to reach a larger audience with a greater inuence.
However, the days of organisations simply telling employees toshare a certain piece of content, to best shape the public viewsof the company, look to be over.
Employees will become a lot more involved in the process, by notonly identifying the types of content they and other employeesshould be sharing, but by also creating their own content for theorganisation to share too.
It means both the employee and the organisation will beadvocating for each other. A win-win situation.
Not only does this help to create an authentic view of the
organisation, but it helps build the brand of each employee –something that is important for workers in the gig economy(trend 6).
Employees continue to be the most credible and
highly trusted sources of company information
EMPLOYEE STRENGTH
Edelman, 2015
EMPLOYEE STRENGTH
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KEY TAKEAWAYS
In order to attract and recruit top talent, organisations will need tostrengthen their employer brand – focussing on the values whichalign with those of potential employees, such as exibility, careerprogression and innovative workplace technologies.
Furthermore, organisations must cultivate the right culture, andfocus on the practice of employee engagement, in order tomaximise the ability and productivity of each employee and to
keep them for as long as possible.
Organisations need to better support the needs of knowledgeworkers by making it easier for them to access information fromall areas of the organisation. Otherwise, innovation and businesssuccess are jeopardised.
Employee advocacy needs to evolve, whereby employees are not
just the sharers but the creators of content too.
EMPLOYEE STRENGTH
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06THE GIG
ECONOMY
THE GIG ECONOMY
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THE GIG ECONOMY
New generations will continue to drive the gig economy. These groupsare motivated by having a sense of purpose and achieving work/lifebalance, something that they believe being their own boss allows themto achieve.
They are also very open to jumping from job to job. The new generationsabsence of loyalty can be seen in gure.3 below, with 44% notexpecting to stay in a job for longer than two years, and only 16% ofmillennials expecting to still be in the same job a decade from now.Therefore even permanent jobs can be viewed as gigs.
The UK freelancers’ association IPSE
said that at the end of 2014 there
were 1.88m independent professionals
working in the UK, a 35 per cent jumpfrom 2008.
Financial Times, 2015
The 2016 Deloitte Millennial Survey
Figure 3. Percentagewho expect to leave inthe next:
THE GIG ECONOMY
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But... the gig economy offers organisations big benets too.
Organisations can be more agile and exible, allowing them to boost or cut theirstafng levels in accordance with changing demand. Simply, talent is moving froma xed cost to a variable cost.
Also a greater pool of talent, and availability of in-demand skills means specialistskills can be accessed and brought in for short-term projects easily and costeffectively.
The gig economy is also being fuelled by technology platforms, such asUpwork and Pronder that allow freelancers and employers to more easilyconnect with one another.
Rich collaborative tools such as Slack , and productivity apps such as Trello are also making it far easier for freelancers to work remotely andcollaboratively with organisations.
Entrepreen
Although not all of the UK’s self
employed and micro businesses
will require coworking space, these
groups incorporate millions of
people and the scale of their growthmeans many of them will contribute
to future demand for more exible
working environments.
The Coworking Revolution, 2015
Coworking spaces and work friendlycoffee shops have also assisted the gigeconomy.
THE GIG ECONOMY
THE GIG ECONOMY
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While entrepreneurs create and start businesses, intrapreneursbuild, grow and sustain businesses. Intrapreneurs can help largeorganisations keep up with the fast pace of new market
opportunities, by adopting a startup mentality.
Yet amazingly, many large organisations still fail to recognise theimportance of intrapreneurship, instead simply letting it go quietlyunnoticed behind the scenes, without any structure in place tosupport it.
Consequently this ‘corporate way of doing things’ means manyinnovative, entrepreneurial employees are left feeling frustrated.As a result, top talent is leaving large organisations to either work
on their own projects or to join start-ups.
Building an intraprenuerial culture in 2016 is vital, for two keyreasons:
1. Innovation is now the most important factor for business growth
and success. Intrapreneurs are those who drive innovation withinan organisation.
2. Organisations risk not only losing top innovative talent, but failingto attract it too.
Intrapreneurship provides the platform on which
innovation can be built and developed –
achieved through the idea of employees acting
like entrepreneurs INSIDE of a large organisation.
THE GIG ECONOMY
Even full time employees are looking to satisfy their need for gigwork, by undertaking projects at work that are outside of theirdaily duties – known as intrapreneurship:
Deloitte Digital, 2015
THE GIG ECONOMY
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Organisations must attract freelancers in order to compete.
Organisations not only need to make themselves more attractiveto freelance talent, but they need to ensure that they have theright tools and processes in place to efciently manage the newfreelance ways of working.
A long-standing bargain made between employees andemployers is how:
Employees gave loyalty and theorganisation gave security
Daniel Pink,
What motivates us at work , 2012
It’s an arrangement that perhaps looks set to be absent from thefuture of work, as freelancing looks set to increase in popularityfor individuals and organisations alike.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
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07NEW
WORK-LIFEBALANCE
The future of the working world is not striving for work-life balance.Instead, integrating work into your life, and life into your work, isthe answer.
Today’s organisations need to give their employees the ability towork where, when, and how they want. Doing so will not only giveemployees greater personal satisfaction, but also yield higher levelsof productivity too.
Work-life balance is out, work-life integration is in.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
There was a time when the boundaries between work and home lifewere pretty clear. Today, keeping the two completely separate inorder to maintain a clear work-life balance is not easy. For most, it'salmost impossible.
Instead of ghting for the separation, Stewart Friedman (The formerhead of Ford Motor’s Leadership Development Centre) believeseveryone should:
Integrate the different parts of their lives to
reinforce and enhance each other
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INFORMATION
08-10
MANAGEMENT
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08EVOLUTION OFINTERNAL COMMS
We are witnessing the rebirth of internal communications.
Moving from purely the communicating of internal
information to shaping the digital experience of work.
Digital Workplace Group, 2015
The arrival of new generations and new technologies into the workplaceis changing the way everyone works with each other. And it is falling uponthe IC function to act as the support structure for many of theorganisations new working requirements.
In short, IC functions will be those responsible for facilitating all of thedifferent types of digital interactions and conversations in the workplace.Based around three key areas.
EVOLUTION OF INTERNAL COMMS
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1. Collaboration
IC will help employees, managers and teams to improve the way they worktogether, by educating and training them on the best and most appropriatedigital collaboration tools. Vital because:
One such new technology is Slack; an internal messaging app that hasalready earned the title of the 'fastest growing app ever ' (Forbes, 2015).
Social networking and instant messaging apps are becoming the
communication channel of choice due to the way they better replicatenatural ‘in the moment’ conversations, and provide a level of collaboration(sharing/retrieval of knowledge) that email simply can’t match – proving to bethe complete antithesis to email.
160 Average number of emails sent by one worker inone day
2-4 hoursTime spent on email each work day by the
average employee
The Grossman Group, 2012
Improved communication and collaboration through new
social technologies could raise the productivity of
interaction workers by 20 to 25 percent.
McKinsey Global Institute
EVOLUTION OF INTERNAL COMMS
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2. Information management
IC will continue to create and distribute content, but the way inwhich they do so will be transformed.
Gone will be the days of static Intranets that act as dumpinggrounds for information destined to never be read. Instead theintranet will be revitalised and IC will take advantage of the newdigital channels to repurpose content accordingly – providingemployees with the opportunity to lter information relevant tothem, much like they do in the consumer world when using socialnetworking platforms.
As touched upon within trend 5 – employee strength –organisations need to motivate employees to create their owncontent to be shared in and outside of the workplace and IC willbe responsible for facilitating this process.
The Intranet is set to become the front door into
the wider digital workplace
Paul Miller, 2015
EVOLUTION OF INTERNAL COMMS
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3. Data analysis
IC will be required to look beyond surveys and questionnaireswhen collecting employee data. Instead focus will be on capturingthe vast array of valuable data that can be found in digitalcommunications, such as within employee communities on socialnetworks. This data can more effectively identify the issues thatemployees are citing as being detrimental or benecial toengagement.
Data analysis can also identify the inuencers who can helpamplify campaign communications.
Identication of those with specic knowledge and expertiseis also crucial in helping to nurture a 'learning organisation' –helping to connect employees with the knowledge and informationthey need.
Crucially, IC will need to measure the success of IC programs andinitiatives, to show leadership how IC is helping to achieve
business goals.
Properly designed and managed social media tools
have great potential to harness the experientialdimension of the workplace to deliver relevant learning
experiences that reect both proven expertise within a
function or industry and timely access to an
organisation’s best thinking, wherever it might be.
Accenture Skills Gap Study, 2015
EVOLUTION OF INTERNAL COMMS
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KEY TAKEAWAYS
Organisations should undertake an internal communications audit, toreveal the effectiveness of their current IC function, and also to identifythe tools employees may be using that the IC function is not.
Measure, measure, measure. Data is crucial for identifying bestperforming content, channels and employees. And for proving toleadership the effectiveness of the IC function.
IC needs to support the development of community and connection withinthe organisation. Facilitate conversation between employees at every leveland in every part of the organisation, increase learning and informationgathering, and gather business intelligence.
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09THE NEW CIO
46% of CIOs now report to the CEO,
highlighting the increasingly strategic role
that IT plays in the corporate world .
Driving business innovation
Identifying opportunities for competitive differentiation
Developing and rening business strategy
Leading change efforts
Developing new go-to-market strategies and tech
51%
41%37%
35%
33%
Figure.4 The activities CIOs would like to spend more time on in thenext three to ve years.
The state of the CIO, 2016
The state of the CIO, 2016
Digital transformation is a priority for all organisations, withsuccess being:
highly dependent on a close and effective
working relationship between the IT organisation
and the lines of business
IDC, 2015.
Therefore CIOs will take responsibilty for the digitaltransformation, and in doing so will occupy one of the mostcrucial roles in the organisation.
THE NEW CIO
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As was shown in gure.4, CIOs want to move away from ‘managing and maintaining’technology, so that they can free up their time to focus on higher-level strategic work.
To do so, organisations will place more technology in the hands of managed serviceproviders brought in via the cloud.
Service providers will enable Enterprise IT to become more agile, allowing them to keep upto date with business innovation, as they will be free from costly legacy systems – crucialnot just for achieving competitive advantage, but for survival.
Integration of the services across the business will be an important element of the CIO role.The service of IT in an organisation will move from that of being a provider to that ofintegrator – which has lead many to suggest the CIO should now be the:
Chief Integration Ofcer
Deloitte University Press 2015
THE NEW CIO
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Successful CIOs will be those who empower, strategise, facilitateand integrate. Rather than sticking with their traditional approach of‘provide and control’, CIOs will become the enablers of innovationacross the organisation.
CIOs, by working closely with lines of business, should be thoseresponsible for:
Identifying the parts of business that could be transformed by technology
Keeping abreast of emerging technologies that couldaccelerate digital transformation
Managing implementation of the new digital technologies
KEY TAKEAWAYS
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10CYBER
SECURITY
New technologies entering the workplace, often brought in byemployees, offer huge business benets, such as increasesin productivity and mobility. But, for organisations, these can alsorepresent a considerable security risk.
IT departments, software and hardware companies are of coursegiving great attention to solving security problems. Mobile DeviceManagement (MDM) is one such area helping to minimise thesecurity issues that can arise from BYOD.
But, somewhat frustratingly for IT security, is the fact that humanerrors are still the number one cause of data breaches(CompTIA’s Trends in Information Security ). Lost devices, weakpasswords, a lack of digital understanding and a general
carelessness, are cited as some of the key reasons.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Organisations need to invest in creating a security consciousculture. Security should be ingrained into every aspect of working
life. Cyber security education and training will be crucial in 2016.
Furthermore, organisations need to stay up to date on the latestinnovations in security. Focussing on Wearables (trend 4) andother advanced mobile authentication technologies; eg facialrecognition, ngerprint sensors.
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CONCLUSION
We stand on the verge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution,where only those organisations who build strong capabilitiesin automation, engaging a new generation of workers, andmanaging information effectively, will survive.
Organisations need to act now by making short and long termplans to build the capabilities needed to capture thecompetitive advantages that are available in the future of work.
One last parting piece of advice: 'people rst.' That is theapproach that all organisations should take when planning for
the future.
Cheers
Jack & Lloyd
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REFERENCES
The future of work: A journey to 2022. 2014.Retrieved at http://www.pwc.co.uk/assets/pdf/future-of-work-report.pdf
What Peter Drucker Knew About 2020. Oct 16 2014.Retrieved at https://hbr.org/2014/10/what-peter-drucker-knew-about-2020
The Future of Business Collaboration. 2015.Retrieved at http://go.pgi.com/genspec-ebook-sc-futrbuscollab-sc891
Internal communications predictions for 2015. Jan 9 2015.Retrieved at https://www.simply-communicate.com/news/2015-predictions/internal-com-munications-predictions-2015
My 10 digital workplace predictions for 2016. Nov 19 2015.Retrieved at http://digitalworkplacegroup.com/2015/11/19/my-10-digital-workplace-pre-dictions-for-2016/
Machine Learning Reveals Employees’ Unrealized Skills. July 7 2014.Retrieved at https://www.enterpriseirregulars.com/75977/machine-learning-reveals-em-ployees-unrealized-skills/
Top 12 Emerging Digital Workplace Technologies. Oct 8 2015.Retrieved at http://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/top-12-emerging-digital-work-place-technologies/
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