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Nfu'alcru University).

N' luhar.nnracl 'Al i rVal Shab (Professor. T'ehr:t ir IJnivcrsitv). Najaf Qoli l labibi(Associate l trolcssor. ' l 'chran lJniversitr ' ) . r \kbar Irani (Thc l lcacl of thc Research(lett tre f i tr the Writ tcn Heritage).. l lnrshicl Kankrr. r \hacl I iaramarz Qara Maleki(Prof 'essor. ' l 'ehran

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Tallle of Contents

I.]t l i torial

l, i terature

Epic Poctry in lran. Aitcr the N4ongols unti l thc Salavids ,1

Mansoor Rtstgar Fasavce

Rcvierving a Tradition: A Crit ical Rcviov ol Arszu's Viovs

Scmant ic-Structura l Sludies i N, lahdi Rahimpoor

Shu' la- i -Navr iz i ancl thc necd f i r r a cr i t ica l edi t ion o l h is Khusrarv

/ Mnkhtar Kumci l i

in Thc

va Shirin

. t -

[Iistory

Muhaqqeq Toosi antl Allamch Tabalahacc Thc Del'cnclers and Admircrs ol

Hal la j . among Thc Shi i tc Scholars i ; \khar - fhohoot

6 i

Thc Rcl ig ious backgrouncl uncl t rue lu i th o1 Rashid a l -Din Fazl u l -Luh as

mirrorcd in h is t rcat iscs i Hashcm Raiuh zadeh 86

Linguistics

Tcxtokrgv o l l ranian Dia lects( l ) : Thc Divan ot Dan' ish Abbas Gl lz i , t

Huh ih Bo r j i an1a-J' l .

I\Iysticism of Sufism

Dcvclopmcnts o1 Mvstical Terms A Comparison

li-al Mutlhhah ttl-Tasscnyu/ ancl Kasl('ol-Asrar va

Ayanoo Sasaki

Betrveen Sharh e Ta'amtf

Eclclut al-Abrur I

Tnd iu r t T imur id c ( )u r I

121

Iteviervs

Mojales e .lnhongiri An important lext on the

Mansoor Sclatgol

Anothcr Ecl i t ion o l -Shahnameh: A Cr i t iquc / Saj jad Idanloo'Uvun

a l -Akbar bv Ibn a l -Qotavhiva (276-213H): A Histor ica l

Gholam Reza Jamshid Nejad Ar'r 'al

133

144

ASSeSSment/

114

Savf al-Umma: A Book Revierv and a Crit icism i Hamed Naji Esfahani 195

Tohfa alsalnrizr of Mohammad ibn Jabir Ansari (11 A.H.) /

manocheh r pezcshk . . . . 206

Dasrur al-Kateb fl Ta vin al-Marateb / Ali Akbar Ahmadi Darani;

Akram Harativan

A Look Throu-qh Amir Pazvari's Divan / Mohammad Davoodi

Darzi Kolayee . ,

Treatise

Resafeh Esmatiyya / Jul,a Jahanbakhsh . 247

The Debate of "San'va Ab" / Seyyed Mohammad Reza Ibn-e-Rasool 285

Nesab in English bv Farhad Mirza Mutamed al-Dolvle / Behrooz

Mahmoodi Bakht ivar i 324

A Treatise on God's Co-existence with Human Beings As Viewed by Jalal

al-Din Darvani and Ghivath al- Din Dashtaki / Sahar Kavandi;

Muhsen Jahid

219

234

351

363A Saqi-nameh by Hayati Gilani / Yosof Esmailzacleh

Documents

The decree of the kalantar of Navin / Said Khotldari Naeini

411

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An Unpublisherl Document belonging to the Qajar period Najm

al-Dowle's Seconcl Travel-Account of Khozestan / Ahmacl Ketabi . . .3u7

Romcroz-i- Hamze or Amir Hamze ye Saheb Qaran i Ali Reza Zekavati

Qara Gozlo '104

Mohammad Reza Jadid al-lslam and the book Manqtrl. al- Rezaee I

Tahereh Azimzarleh

Textology Articles (1386-1387) / Mahsa SalTari

Abstract in Arabi / Bashir Jazayiri

Abstract in Engl ish / Hasan Lahout i . . , .

.2 . ,E<'

Epic Poetry in Iran, After the Mongols until the Safavids

Mansoor Raslgar Fasayee

Epic is an old style of Persian poetry rvhich continued its l i t 'e constantly

from the ancient Persia up to the Mongol invasion. However, the Mongol

invasion brought about a particular situation which overshadowe<l epic

poetry, so that the Persian poetry would no ktngcr remain a courtly

exclusive art. Consequently, verse and prose lost its l i terary nature and

became popularized. Epical thinking was substituted bv Sufi thoughts

originated fiom desperation and calamities resulted l iom the presence of

Mongol armv in lran. Beginning at the end of the fiflh/eleventh century,

these developments reached its climax at the end of the seventh/ thirteenth

century. From the Salavid time on, the historical and religious epic stories

were replaced by the national epics.

Relving on the above mentionerl facts. the article attcmprs to talk about

the versil led stories, wriLtcn between the sevcnth/thirteenth to the

tenth/slxteenth centurics, and describe their characteristics. Among them, it

deals more extensively,with the epic writer Khwajoo as the most successful

epic writer alter Ferclowsi. Further more, thc characteristics of his cpic

which inclines to return 1tl the national epic poetry, as depicted by "Sam

Nama", is crit icizod and reviewed. Finally, thc article explains that dcspitc

all his attempts. Khwajoo lailed in composing a narional epic. Later on,

being aware of the lact that his national epic had the llavor of his own

time, he changed the tit le of "Sam Nama" to "Humay and Humayoon". In

other words, presenting a new lyrical version of "Sam Nama", he created a

love story whose main character is a mystical minded Sutl, rather than an

epical hero or a national personality.

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Ilevierving a l'radition:

A Crit ical ltevierv of Arezu's Views in T'he Semantic-Strrrctnral Studies

Mahdi Rahimpoor

Toda1,', Seraj al-Din Ali Khan Arez.u is a familiar name lbr thc l i lcrary

researchers and rvritcrs. Secmingll ' , Khan Arczu, is knorv to most pcople --

e i lher s ludcnt ur tcachcr - - q ,ho."vork on Pers ian lanuuaec und l i tcruturc,

rvhi lc in spi tc o l ' h is s igni l icant idcas. h is v icrvs havc not hecn deeplv

discr- rssed on the basis o1 d i l tcrent subjcc ls o l l i teran cr i t ic ism, s tv l is t ics,

l inguist ics, etc . The ar t ic lc at tcmpls t t l cr i t ica l lv anah'ze one of h is

l inguist ic v iov poin l ,s on semant ics, and eompare h is theor ies rv i th thc

contemporary and somc t radi t ional l inuuist ic oncs.

Shu la-i-Nayrizi and the need

f'or a crit ical edition of his Khusrarv va Shirin

N4ukhtar I(umcil i

The poet Shu' la-r -Navr iz i (d. l3 l5H), a lb l lorvcr ot Nizami, the rvr i tcr oI

the pocm "Farhad r, 'a Shirin" ( ur Khusrarv va Shirin) remains rathcr

unknown l t t the reseurchers o l Nizami 's l ic lc l o l 's tudv as .ve l l as to thc

lovcrs of Pcrsian h'rjcal l i terature. Therclclrc, thc papcr rcviovs brielly his

lif 'c and his poem rvhich u'as publicized decades ago, by thc book store

Ma'rel 'at in Shiraz. Bearing an introduction by the Late Dr. Nurani Vesal,

the Doem remains intact.

Nluhaqqeq ' l 'oosi

and Allameh labatabaee

The l)ef'enders and Admirers of l lallaj, among l 'he Shiite Scholars

Akbar Thoboot

The book is an abridgcd version of a book rvhich recalls thc dcl'cnses ancl

admirations presented about Hallaj, contributed by the Shiite scholars.

Muhaqqeq Toosi, Sader al-Din Shirazi, Qazi Saeed Qomi, Mulla

Muhammad Heidaii, and, Allameh Tabatabaee. The contributors describe

Hallaj 's spiritual experiences and his ideas on Satan, Blasphemy, unitv,

annihilation in God, man as a veil betrveen himself and God, and,

removing the veils. They, also, defend Hallaj against those rvho oppose him

on the account of his cry "l am God" (J.-Jl I r l). Also, explaining the

dil lbrence between unity (r*ri) and union (.:G-l), thev distinguish the

corrcct and the incorrect meanings of the terms.

The Religious background and true faith of Rashid al-Din Fazl al-Lah as

mirrored in his treatises

Hashem Rajah zadeh

Rashid al-Din Fazl al-Lah Hamadani (1250-1318), the great physician,

historian, and statesman who sen'ecl as the grand minister o1 three kings of

Ilkhanids, is a prominent f igure in lranian history, science, and literaturc in

tcrms of his voluminous. extcnsivc, and valuablc rvorks in various fields,

includin-q his Jame ' al-Tnworikh, the Great History ol the world, as wr:ll as

his statesmanship and decisive role he played in reviving the Iranian stvlc

of adminis t rat ion under the I lkhanids and adminis l rat ivc rc forms in i t ia led

and implemented mainlv by him. His manifold l itcrary, historical, and

scicntif ic works have not becn wholly published yet, and arc even partlv

unknown to academics and scholars. Besides the.lame' al-TowaTikh, his

writ ings on botany, biology and mineralogv, and a collection of his valuable

correspclndence, he has written a great number ol treatiscs on the art of

religious argumentation and Qoranic interpretations, mostly compiled in

five books of treatises. Considering Rashid al-Din's family hackground and

the fact that his granilfathers were Jews, and in the confusion caused bv

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into Is lam in h is ar lu l thood and befbrc r is ing in thc h ierarchv o l

governmcnt and engaging in his compilation vn'orks. This paper trics to

shed a new light inlo thc question b-v a briet examirurlion o1' Rashid

al-Din's rclcrcnccs to the topic in his mainl"v unpublished treatiscs.

1'extologv of lranian Dialects (1)

The Divan of Darvish All l las (iazi

Habib Bor j ian

Cazi is onc o l the most favored c l f a l l l ranian c l ia lects. nol onlv bccause i t

has reccivecl a thorough linguistic investigation bv Valentin Alekscevich

Zhukovski i , Wi lhc lm Ei lers. and Donald St ikr , hut a lso f i r r tho pro l i l ic

poet Darvish Abbas, who wrote in Gazi and whosc ninetcenth-centllrr

d ia lcct vcrses arc s t i l l h ighlv pra ised bv h is lc l lo t 'v i l lagcrs in Gaz, as wcl l

as by thc inhabi tants o1 ' thc nearb\ ' oascs o l ' Khu'orzuq ancl Komeshcha. a l l

locatcd in the d is t r ic t o l Borkhrvar . nor th o1 Is luhan. The id ioms of these

vi l lages bc long to the Is tahani sub-unrup o l the Ccntra l Dia lccts, rvh ich in

turn bckrng to thc larger suhdivision knou,n as the Nurthrvcstcrn lranian

languagcs.

This articlc invcstigates the Iifc, u'orks. and langua{c ol Dan,ish Abbas

(18.17-1905), rvho usecl thc cpithct . luzi in his poems. He u'as l inked to the

Gonabadi Sul i ordcr lbundcd bv Sol tan-Al ishah. and vet hc hc ld a cr i t ica l

v icrv o l a l l l t l rmal dcnominal ions. Jazi 's co l lcctcd poc1ry, or t l iv 'an, sury ivcs

in more than one manuscr ipt . The pr inc ipul unc, apparent lv in the poet 's

olvn hand ancl bcaring marks of his seals, is daled 1902. It contains about

ten thousand ccluplcls, composcd in lbrnial gcnrcs of classical Persian

poctry. Hc rvas, hol'ever, chicll l 'a composcd 0[thazals,236 of rvhich have

rcccnllv bcen published in Islahan in Perso-Arabic script.

I

The pcrcms are gcnerallv lvrical, mvstical and satirical, with a strong sense

ol humor that has macle Darvish Abbas so popular. As dict so many other

composers of the fah/av,i1,at, he f 'elt f iee to imhue his work with abstract

images of classical Persian l iterature in a flowing, ornate language sulTusecl

with Persian rvords and idioms. He was thus consiclercl a master both in

Persian Classical l i terature and his own vernacular, as he rvas able to

integrate the two masterfully and effbrtlessly. His efforts, however, to cast

his dialect verses into the exact meters of classical Persian prosocly harcllv

proved successful.

Not the least of its claims lbr attention is the l ight the divan throws on

language development. An example is the poet's use of worcls and phrases

on thc verge of disappearing. Even more intersting are the phonological

processes in the Gazi dialect rvhcn one compares Dan'ish Abbas' verses as

thev appear in his dit 'on rvith those collected by Zhukovskii in the late

nincleenth century. ancl then rvith the \vav thr: verses aro reciteil by the

spcakers of thc dialect tOilay.

A morpho-phonologic process is the alteration of the third person singular

cnclictic pronoun l 'rom /-sh/, the histclric fbrm attestecl in most other

lsfahani Median dialects, tt-t l-zhl, and then more recentlv ro l-yl. The latter

form is current also in the idioms ol Sedeh and Sagzi, to the west and east

ol Isfahan, respcctively, and in some Metlian dialects arouncl Kashan. IT is

highly l ikely that these dialects havc gone through the same phonological

devclopment rather than havinu rerained thc Old lranian lbrms *hal and'rhim, as conjectured bv cerrain dialectologists. A parallel trend is observed

tor the second person singular enclictic pronoun, from l-t l to i-dl. The

development of hl to a glottal stop is vet another pattern of phonological

change in Gazi.

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Developments of Mystical 'ferms

A Comparison Refween Sharh e Tu'arrtt li-ul Mudhhuh ul'Tussawuf

und Kushf ul-Atrar v& Eddut al'Abrur

Avanclo Sasaki

Comparing the two olcl texts of Sharh e Tu'aml'l i-al Mudhhttb ul-Tassawr.rJ

by Khwaja Abu Ebrahim Mustamli Bukhari with Kaslf tt l 'Asrur vn Eddat

ul-Abrttr by Abu al-Fazl Rashid al-Din Meybudi, the Paper studies thc

clcvelopmcnt process of mystical terminolclgies, and, talks about the

attempts torvartls producing a clictionary ol' myslical terms through Sufis

terms and the dcvelopment of mystical understandings in the

albre-mentioned old Persian texts. The result of the studies is exemplif ied

by the two terms Sufi and Sama'.

Muiules e Juhungiri

An important text on the Indian Timurid court

Mansoor Sclats0l

Mujules e Juhangiri, was written by Abd al-sattar, clurin-tl the reign 01 thc

Timuricl king, Jahan-qir, in India. Jahangir succeedcd the Emperor Akbar,

who lashionecl believed in his own eclectic faith called Din e Ilahi, and

supported religious tolerance as a principle of social refbrm tluring his

reign. However, his opponents, with his son at thc top, waged a rebell ion

against him which resulted in Jahan,qir's succcssion tt l the throne.

Jahangir's rule had itther characteristics explained by the book Majalcse e

Jahangiri. The book contains the accounts of thc evening assemblies helcl

in Jahangir's court explained bv the historiographer Abd al-sttar. We cclme

across 114 out of 722 assemblies indicated in the table o1 contents.

The paper cleals with the contents tlf the accounts and points out the

important issues there in dealt within these assemblics, such as legal,

r.<

rcligious and poetic dcbates: polit ical developments ancl t laily events in the

court; lorcign relationships, etc. The subjects morc emphasizeil are thc

inclination ol' the Indian Jahangir's court towarcl the Persian culturc, as

rvell as, the hidden and unhidden competencos o1 Indian Jahangir's court

rvith the Persian Salavid citurl.

Finally, thc paper cxamines thc accounts conce rning thc debate of

christianitv with Islam, the conll ict belwcen Priest Xavier ancl the rcligious

scholars of Jahangir's court, rvhich rcsulted in rcjcctions written by the

re l ig ious scholars o l ' the Safavid per iod.

Another Edition of Shahnameh: A Crit ique

Sajjad Idanloo

The latest cdition - and not the latest textual cri l icism - of the Persian

national Epic appears in tlvo volumcs: Shahnameh Ferdowsi, edited by

Mcht l i Qar ih. Entcsharat Doostan, Tehran, 1386. The edr t ion re l ies on

olevcn manuscripts, addecl t() thc cdited texts of Moscow ancl Khalcqi

(Book Onc), as rvell as Bundari 's Arabic translation, and has the hand

rvrit ing copv ol Britain/ London (675 H) as its basic tcxt.

Thc Article is the resull of revicr,ving and linc-by-line collatins of tht: f irst

volumc (almost twenty flve thousand verses), ancl off 'ers ncw suggcstions on

thc various aspocts of the latcst edition o1' Shahnameh. Thc Five parts ol

thc article, thus, reviews: A) thc recorded choices: B) the reaclings; C) the

authcntic and incorporatecl l incs and stories; D) the arrangement of vcrses;

E) some other points.

Ljyun al-Aklrar by Ibn al-Qotaybiya ( 276-2I3H):

A Historical Assessment

Gholam Reza Jamshid Neiad Awal

Mosl u.'clrks bv lbn al-Qotaybiya covcr multiple subjects. and, include

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almost all branches of knowledge prevailed at his time. His works attempts

to meet the needs of the governmental secretaries and administrators by

providing them with necessary historical and literary information.

Approximately, there are sixty works attributed t0 Ibn al-Qotaybiya, in

clif'ferent sources, the most significant of which is called 'Uyun al-Akhar,

described by its author as the summary of the sages' thoughts, the fiuit of

the learned-men's knowleclge, the biography of the kings, the history of the

works, and the lif 'e of the people of the past. In this book, "traditit)ns"

(;Fl) and "information" (;[*;1) are scattered here and there, while the

whole content is systematically tlivicted into ten books' Each book, which

can be consiclered as one single part, includes diff'erent chapters that cover

several trailitions with the chain of transmitters (rL-;l-, dt*L)'

The article, reviews lbn al-Qotaybiya's most significant book, 'Uyun

al-Akbar, ancl clescribes its ten books, providing examples of its materials.

Sayf al-Umma: A Book Review and a Criticism

Hamecl Naji Esfahani

Henry Martin, the prominent Christian preacher, came to lran in I226H I

1901BC to translate the New Testament into Persian. He had many

clisputes with some of the Jewish clergies, students ol religious stuclies, and

a Suti master, which resulted in writing of the famous criticism, by Martin,

in Shiraz. His criticism ancl clisputes was followed, in turn, by many

criticisms against him. In the mean time, after Henry Martin wrote his

treatise, Mulla Ahmad Naraqi wrote his well-known book, Sayl al-Umma

va Burhan al-Mella.

The paper attempts to review and criticize Naraqi's authonhip.

10

Tohfu ulsulatrn of Mohammad ibn .|abir Ansari (11 A.H.)

manochehr oezeshk

This essay is devoted to introclucc Tohfa alsalatin in Aristotelian logic,

work of mohammad ibn Jabir Ansari, written in Farsi. The writer of essay

is trying to know and introduce The author, who has remained unkown,

based on evidences as much as possible. For this goal, it is necessary to

acknoledge author's motivations for writing the book as well as to clescribe

the political situation of his time. This, it is maintainecl, along with the

critic of the text, which has been fulfilled by amender's introduction and

appendix to the book, will help to ealuate it.

Dastur al-Kateb fi Ta'vin al-Maratelt

Ali Akbar Ahmadi Darani

Akram Harativan

Dastur al-Kateb fi Ta yin al-Marateb written by Mohammad b. Henclu Shah

Nakhjavani, known as Shams -i-Munshi, is one the most useful texts on the

art of composition and letrer-writing skill. Before that, there had been

just some small Arabic booklets and small treatises written on the two

skills. Regarding the amount of material as well as the various

governmental administration's letters it contains, Dastur al-Kateb fi Ta yin

al-Marateb claims superiority to all its precedents. The author provides the

learner with various patterns and examples of governmental

administration's correspondences. In between the author's worcls, one can

find out many details on the difTerent governmental views and

administrative relationships of his time. Nevertheless, the work is not

considered as a history aurhorship. Dastur al-Kateb fi Ta yin al-Marateb is

published in three volumes, by Abd al-Karim Ali Uqlo, in Moscow.

Despite the editor's tremendous efforts, his study cloes not result in an

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academic crit ical edition. Shams -i-Munshi, the author, has macle an

abridgemenr o1 his Dastur al-Katcb fi Ta1"in al-iVlaratcb, callcd Al-Ershad

1l al-Ensha', to lasil i latc the learning process of the ctlmpositicln skil l .

Fur lhermore, somc manuscr ipts of h is Dastur a l -Katcb I i Ta,v in a l -Marateb

exists which can be collatecl to prclducc an academic rcliablc edition.

A hrok Throuch Amir Pazvari 's Divan

Mohammad Davclodi Darz.i KolaYee

Regardin-u rhe crit ique-likc paper, by Bijan Honarikar, pulished in Ayeneh

ve Mirath. no.33-3.1. pp 319-3t)2. the ar t ic lc sccks to re ject thc cr i t ic ism

raisetl by him. As a result, manv points are cxplainecl, rvhiclt s' i l l hopetullv

help true judgmcnt by the scholars.

llesaleh Esntatiy-ra

Juva Jahanbakhsh

Mulla Abd al-Rahim b. Karam Ali Pachcnay (Paclicnan) Estahani, a

religious scholar cl1' the thirteenth ccntury, is an authtlr rvhtl ollcrs us a

multi dimcnsional portrait of his contemporary culture ancl religious

th0ught.

Resal.eh Esnntiya, onc of his several innovative surr,'ived rvorks discussing

thc theological aspect of the term "innoceflce" (- '-z---) ' deals rvith the

question of why the innocent Shiit Imams seek fbrgir, 'eness frt lm Gocl

(ru;:-l). In a<lclition, the Resuleh gives a chancc to the icleas speaking ot

Zaynab's divinely innocent gif i.

l'he Dellate of "Sarv va Ab"

Se-r,-vecl Mohammacl Rcza lbn-e-Rasotll

The papcr begins rvith an introcluclion on thc facts of l i fb and rvorks ot

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Qazi Nezam al-Din Esfahani, a man of lettcr ancl a bil ingual poet who

lived in the seventh / thirteenth century.

Bascd on his rvorks, in his own hand writ ing, as rvell as, other scienti l ic

evidences such as murphologv, the paper studies the timc and the reason

of composing thc debatc of "Sarv va Ab," which is lolktrvecl bv the edited

rcxl ()f rhe bil ingual poem (c^t)

other lssues discussed are the reports clf incorrect accounts on this poem,

variant readings, in publisheil books and manuscripts, and the ctif l icult ies

of the poem.

Nesab in English by ltarhad Mirza Mutamed al-Dowle

Behrooz Mahmoodi Bakhtiyari

The paper introduccs the first English-teaching educational aid, made in

Iran. It is a Nesab in English writtcn by Farhacl IVIirza Mutamecl al-Dorvle,

in 1[J53, which contains the Persian meaning o1 1100 English words,

divided into cleven versif iecl sections. The paper prcsents a brief sluclv of

Nesab as an educational-aid, with some notes on the l ifb of Farhad Mirza

lbllowed by the full rext ol his Nesab. Somc remarks rvill be given about

the English vocabularies clealt with in Farhad Mirza's attempt.

A Treatise on God's Co-existence rvith Human Reings

As Viewed by .Ialal al.Din Dawani and Ghiyath al- Din Dashtaki

Sahar Kavandi

Muhsen Jahid

The article is a study on the disputing views on the issuc of Gocl's

co-existence with the human heings (-:r-.), expressecl bv two rival

philosophers of thc ninth/fif leenth century, Jalal al-Din Dawani and

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Ghiyath al- Din Dashtaki, Bctbre his philosophical rvritten dobate with

Ghiyath a1- Din Dashtaki, he had becn in competit ion rvith Jalal al-Din

Dawani's lather, Seyvecl Sadr al-Din Dashtaki. Their rel 'utalions (a,:;) left

behincl in a multi-volume book callctl Tabaqat-i-Jalali or Tabaqat-i-Sadri '

However, when Selyed Sadr al-Din's son grew up and became a qualif ied

scholar, Darvani had to rcply the young se\Ienlcen vears-old philosophcr's

refutations. The contradiction betwecn a prophetic traclit i t ln and a Qoranic

verse on thc issue of Gotl's co-existence rvith human Beings provided thc

ground for a written dcbate between Dawani and his son rvhich is treatecl

in the present article, and is l inally concluded b.v Ghiyath al-Din's crit icism

and assessmcnt of thc debate.

A Saqi -nameh bY I'IaYati Gilani

Yosof Esmailzadch

A Saqi-nameh, l i teraly a drinking song, is a genrc ol poetry that addresses

the saqi, the cup-bearer, requesting her to serve winc which would help the

poet ro get ri i l of sorrow. Employing exaltod ideas, the poem speaks of the

transient world, ancl, the ncecl tur taking aclvantage of thc prcsent t ime.

Somc signs of the Khawam's mysticism and thclughts are usually

recognizable, in the gcnre. Somc scholars hold that Saqi-nameh rvas borne

ou1 of Hamzeh-namch, fbuncl in the works of the carliost Pcrsian pocls,

such as Rudaki, Bashshar Marghzi, anrl Manuchehri, some example of

which are mentioncd by Protessor Mahjub. Notwithstanding, Nezami

Ganjavi is credited as the pioneer rvriter of Saqi-namch attached to a

Mughanni-nameh, and, there is an intlcpendent Saqi-nameh in Haf'ez's

Divan. Hayati Gilani (c1.1028H), also, wrotc a Saqi-nameh. cit ing only one

piece of saqi nameh, by Havati, in the margin of Meykhaneh, the lale

Prot-essor Golchin Ma'ani maintains that the poct wrote two soparate

poems of Saqi-nameh.

1 At -

The article ailempts to present the crit icallv correctcd texts ol Havati 's

holh sacli-namehs, and distinruish their dil l 'erence rvith the onc appeurs in

the margin ol ' Mcykhanch. Furthcr more, thc arricle provides a l ist o1' thc

shared verses, ri 'hich inspires a probahil itv that Havati originallv wrole onc

piecc o l Saqi-nameh, not two.

The decree of the kalantar ol ' Navin

Said Ktroddari Naeini

Studving thc pre- ls lamic bui ld ings and rudimcnls, thc ar t ic lc at tempts to

int roc luce thc prosen,ed documcnls per la in ing to thc c i tv of Na-v in. I c i ty

u.'hich is considcred to havc becn litunded bclitrc the advcnl of Islam. The

articlc. then, talkin-u on the post-lslamic Navin, considers the governmenlal

corrcsponclences as the l irst i lclcumcnts dealing wilh the city. These

documenls belong originallv ro the cit ies ol ' Yazd and Esfahan and call

Navin a subordinatc scttlement o1 thesc trvo cit ies. So lar as we knclrv, f 'ew

documcnts and decrecs pertainin_u to the citv of Navin have been it lentif leil.

Onc o1 them is a decree addressed to iVlir Jala al-Din Khatib Navini ancl

traces back to scvcn hundrcd vears ago. There arc also unpublicized

documents rclaled to thc great lamilies of Navin. possesscd privately bv

their clcsccnclants. Further morc, the article "Fifty kecpsakes o1 Na1,in"

(;.-.-U l lr lSrL-.q.:-,), bv Iraj A1.shar, gives uselul infbrmation about the

historical buildings and inscriptions in the citv. More over, the collection

ol documcnts preser,red in the Malck Lihrary and Museum, l isted in the

ar l ic lc , is anothcr source rvhich can he studicd.

An Unpublished Document belonging to the Qajar period

Na.im al-Dorvle's Second Travel-Account of Khozestan

Ahmad Ketabi

Ahcl al-Ghall lr Khan Najm al-Mulk, knorvm as Najm al-Dorvle.

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(1255-1326H), 1o rvhom the Persian culture is greltlv indebtecl, is a

prominent scholar l ivcti cluring tht: Qajar reign. He is an eclucated pioneer

nclt onlV in learning nerv sciences and knowledge ol'his t imc and teaching

thcm to his compatriots, but also in writ ing, editing, and publicizing almost

fifty scientilic books and treatises, as rvcll as in various activities such as

making chronological computation Ibr writ ing the fi lrmal calcndar of the

country, rvrit ing comparative Solar, Lunar and Christian chronological

tables, cloing some social research stuil ies, carrying Out SOme constructivc

projccts such as dam construction, planning ancl cOnducting thc tlrst censlls

in Tchran, making the comprehensive map o1 Tehran and manv other

cit ics. Then, it is nOt surprising i l he is callecl as a multitalcnted (;l lr:)

or "thc Newtcln and the Archimcdes 01 thc time," by stlmc of his

b iographers in the Qajar t imc.

Thc arf icle attempts to provicle an analvtical account ol the Najm

al:Dorvlch's secclnil travel-account of Khozestan rvhich has bcen rvrittcn

cluring the seconcl trip he took to the rcgion tcl repair and renovate the

dam of Ahlvaz. The travel-account ntlt onl-V ctlntains useful infbrmation

about thc roacls hc passes, and the places he resides tln his rvav and back' it

is also considcrecl as a f 'ull- lcngth mirror rellecting the social, economical,

polit ical, and cultural situations as well as lraclit ions and customs of the

resi0ns he travels through. Herc ancl there in the book, he is a

compassionate crit ic of the {isor-qanized aflairs he notices and of'fers

practical suggestions to improve them.

Romooz-i- llamze or Amir flamze ye Sahell Qaran

Ali Reza Zekavati Qara Gozltr

Thc story-book Romooz-i-Hamze is consiclercd as a well-known popular

story in the clomain of Pcrsian literature. Similar tcl other popular stories,

T6

i t is an unrcal ston' u'rittcn ahoul a real man. Thc story is attributccl to

Hamza. thc Prophct 's patcrnal unclc . c l r to Hamza Azarak, a chiet of the

Khau'arej in Sistan.

Thc ar t ic lc at tcmpts ro d is t inuuish the posi l ion o1 Romooz- i - Hamze as a

moclc l or an imi ta l ion. et rmpur ing i ts contcmporar ics. as rvc l l as the stor ics

rvritten bcli lre rtr alicr lhat.

The similaritv ol Romooz-i-Hamzc rvith Eskantlar Nama provicles the

opportunity of a cOmparativc stuclv rvhich clistinguishcs the olcincss (]1 the

trvo storics. Furlher morc, thc articlc talks of thc inllucnce of cli l l 'erent

h is tur ica l .

pcriocls on Romooz-i-Hamze: ti lr example, it ar-uues that the laler vcrsion

01'lhc ston' was rvri i lcn in the salavid time; the cri l icism on Anoshin'an

*'as made undcr the influcnce of Mazclakism, or it is rcjectetl hasecl on the

rcasons statcd in the article.

X{ohammad Ileza .fadid nl-Islam and the bo<tk Munqul ul- Rezuee

Tahereh Azimzadeh

\4ulla Aqa Baha, also knon'n as Mohammad Reza Jail icl al-rslam. lvas a

Jerv rvho converled to Islam in thc eajar t ime.

Attributcd to him, there is a book attempting ro reject thc Jervish creecl

n'ith thc title Manqul ol- Rezaee.

The paper discusses thc ambiguities which cxisls about MancltLl al-Rezoee,

as rvclf as, its similarrtics to thc book Mahzar ol-shtLhlrtl. Thus, the paper,

primarilv. ralks about thc pcrsonality ol Mohammacl Reza Jadicl al-Islam

rnd the rcasons behind his conr.'ersion into Islam. Then. it talks about the

hook Munqttl tt l-Rezaee and the qucries about it.

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