Earth Science Review - Wikispaces · PDF fileEarth Science Categories Resources Earth Clues...
Transcript of Earth Science Review - Wikispaces · PDF fileEarth Science Categories Resources Earth Clues...
Earth Science Review
Earth Science Categories
Resources Earth Clues
W-E-D 1
W-E-D 2
Misc. Grab Bag
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$300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300
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$500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500
Resources $100
What is the main requirement for a resource
to be considered renewable?
List examples of renewable resources.
Resources $100
Renewable resources can be replaced in a SHORT amount
of time Examples: Soil, animals, water, oxygen, CO2, plants, wind, sun, ocean tides
Resources $200 What is the main requirement for a
resource to be considered nonrenwable?
List examples of nonrenewable resources.
Resources $200 Nonrenewable resources take
a LONG time to be replaced (more than a lifetime to millions of years)
Examples: rocks, minerals, fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), gold, diamonds, gems
Resources $300
Name & describe all 5 renewable/alternative
resources that generate energy.
Resources $300 1. Geothermal (geo=Earth; thermal=heat) –
energy generated from heat preserved within the Earth’s crust (remember – we only dig into the crust – we can not dig as far as the mantle)
2. Hydroelectric (hydro=water) – energy generated from the force of water in rivers, dams, & ocean tides
3. Wind – energy generated from windmills on wind farms
4. Biofuel (bio=life) – energy generated from decayed plants & animals
5. Solar – collecting the sun’s energy in solar panels
Resources $400
What are some of the pros/cons for using
renewable resources to generate energy?
Resources $400 Pros: can be replenished in a short amount
of time & keeps us from using all of Earth’s fossil fuels
Cons: not all of them are clean for Earth
(burning biofuels can cause pollution); most need special equipment to change the resource into energy we can use (can be very expensive)
Resources for $500
How are all fossil fuels formed? List
examples.
Resources for $500 Fossil fuels come from buried dead/decayed organisms changed by increased heat & pressure from rock layers (takes longer than a lifetime to MILLIONS of years to form) **If FF don’t have enough heat, pressure, & time then they won’t form**
Examples: Coal Petroleum/Oil Natural Gas
Earth’s Clues $100
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Earth’s Clues for $100
Sedimentary rocks are formed in LAYERS of sand, minerals, and
shells.
The pictures show a method used to collect data in an investigation. Different kinds of materials were mixed with 100 grams of garden soil. An equal amount of water was added to each mixture. Which of these was this investigation designed to answer? A How well each material mixes with garden soil B How well each mixture holds water C How well each material supports plants D How well each mixture keeps its texture when wet
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The pictures show a method used to collect data in an investigation. Different kinds of materials were mixed with 100 grams of garden soil. An equal amount of water was added to each mixture. Which of these was this investigation designed to answer? A How well each material mixes with garden soil B How well each mixture holds water C How well each material supports plants D How well each mixture keeps its texture when wet
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Earth’s Clues for $300
Four soil samples of equal volume were put in funnels with filter paper. 200 mL of water was added to each sample and the water that flowed out the bottom of the funnel was collected and measured. What can you determine about the soil samples from the data? A Soil sample R retained the most water. B Soil sample T was the driest soil. C Soil sample Q has more organic matter. D Soil sample S was about half sand.
Four soil samples of equal volume were put in funnels with filter paper. 200 mL of water was added to each sample and the water that flowed out the bottom of the funnel was collected and measured. What can you determine about the soil samples from the data? A Soil sample R retained the most water. (Retained = kept water in soil – it has the smallest # so Soil R kept in the most water) B Soil sample T was the driest soil. C Soil sample Q has more organic matter. D Soil sample S was about half sand.
Earth’s Clues for $300
Earth’s Clues for $400
Why would these layers settle like this?
Layers settle in water based on the density of the material. Silt would be the least dense & the small rocks would be the
most dense according to this picture.
Earth’s Clues for $400
What information can be learned from looking at the illustration above? A Rings that are closer proves when the tree had
very little rain B Rings that are farther apart proves when the
tree received a lot of rain C This tree is over 15 years old D All of the above
What information can be learned from looking at the illustration above? A Rings that are closer proves when the tree had very little rain B Rings that are farther apart proves when the tree received a lot of rain C This tree is over 15 years old D All of the above
W-E-D 1 for $100
Define weathering & how long does it
usually take?
W-E-D 1 for $100
Weathering is the BREAKDOWN of the materials in Earth’s crust into smaller pieces (weathering leads to formation of new soil).
**Weathering down of landforms usually takes a very LONG time (hundreds to millions of years)
W-E-D 1 for $200
Define erosion & list the 4 causes of
erosion.
W-E-D 1 for $200
Erosion is the process by which water, ice,
wind, or gravity MOVES fragments of
rock and soil
W-E-D 1 for $300
Define deposition & list examples.
W-E-D 1 for $300
Deposition is the process by which sediments (small particles of rock) are laid down in NEW locations.
Ex: deltas & sand dunes
W-E-D 1 for $400
What would probably be the cause of change for
this beach?
W-E-D 1 for $400
The waves erode (move) sand/dirt little by little back into the ocean
W-E-D 1 for $500
What could be the best way to
document changes to Earth over time
efficiently?
W-E-D 1 for $500 Take lots of pictures over MANY,
MANY years!
W-E-D 2 for $100
These rocks keep on getting smoother with time. Why?
W-E-D 2 for $100
The river the rocks are in is smoothing out the
rocks (river is weathering down the
rocks)
W-E-D 2 for $200
What probably caused this
arch found in a desert to be
shaped like this?
W-E-D 2 for $200
The weathering & erosion of wind
W-E-D 2 for $300 Where a river meets an ocean –
sediments are deposited. What is this landform called?
W-E-D 2 for $300 DELTA – remember…deltas are due
to the deposition (building up) of sediments in a new location
W-E-D 2 for $400
What is this glacier creating?
W-E-D 2 for $400
The glacier is carving out a glacial valley between
mountains
W-E-D 2 for $500 How can this sand dune
continue to grow?
W-E-D 2 for $500
Sand dunes grow by wind depositing/settling sand particles
Misc. for $100 What would most likely cause
this cliff to change like this?
Misc. for $100 The weathering down of rock by wind, water, ice, plant roots, and/or gravity.
Misc. for $200
Are all glaciers only white? Why or why not?
Misc. for $200 NO, most glaciers are actually
brownish/white because as they’re moving they are picking up tiny
sediments from the ground underneath. Those sediments get
stuck in the glaciers so glaciers become less white with time.
Misc. for $300 How do canyons continue
to get deeper?
Misc. for $300
Canyons get deeper due to the river flowing through it. The river breaks/weathers down rock and then carries/
erodes the sediments away.
Misc. for $400
The diagram shows layers of sedimentary rocks and examples of their fossils. Which layer contains the oldest fossils? A Layer 2 B Layer 4 C Layer 1 D Layer 3 •
Misc. for $400
The diagram shows layers of sedimentary rocks and examples of their fossils. Which layer contains the oldest fossils? A Layer 2 B Layer 4 C Layer 1 D Layer 3 •
Misc. for $500 A river delta is an area where sediments are deposited. The sediments in the river delta shown most likely come from the— A mountain range B desert C ocean floor D coastline
Misc. for $500 A river delta is an area where sediments are deposited. The sediments in the river delta shown most likely come from the— A mountain range B desert C ocean floor D coastline
Grab Bag for $100
What are some of the clues that fossils can provide for
us about the past?
Grab Bag for $100
Fossil clues: -what kind of environment used to be there
(desert, ocean, or forest) -what kind of animals used to live there -the climate in that area (based on the kinds of
animal fossils there) -what kind of food animals ate in that area
(based on the shape of their teeth)
Grab Bag for $200
List some of Earth’s events that may
change Earth very FAST.
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Can change Earth fast: -volcanoes
-earthquakes -rock slides -landslides
Grab Bag for $300
Burning coal, oil, or natural gas to make
energy is an example of what kind of resource?
Grab Bag for $300
Burning coal, oil, or natural is an example of using Earth’s
nonrenewable resources – remember we want to conserve
them. Once they’re gone – it will take hundreds to millions of years
to get them back!
Grab Bag for $400
Why do earthquakes and volcanoes
eruptions most likely occur?
Grab Bag for $400
From the plate
movements in the crust. This occurs due to the unstable mantle.
Grab Bag for $500
Which of the following destructive forces is a SLOW process that could have helped shape the canyon?
A An earthquake B Erosion C Deposition D A volcano
Grab Bag for $500 Which of the following destructive forces is a SLOW process that could have helped shape the canyon?
A An earthquake B Erosion C Deposition D A volcano **Erosion of the river shapes the canyon**