• Early Jews and Arabs settled in the Early Jews and Arabs settled in the Middle East.Middle East.

• In A.D. 70, the Romans invaded and In A.D. 70, the Romans invaded and destroyed the Jewish capital of destroyed the Jewish capital of Jerusalem.Jerusalem.

• Many Jews were forced from the Many Jews were forced from the region they called Judah.region they called Judah.

The Jewish people never forgot The Jewish people never forgot their homeland.their homeland.

Their prayers ended with “next Their prayers ended with “next year in Jerusalem.”year in Jerusalem.”

Their prayers ended with “next Their prayers ended with “next year in Jerusalem.”year in Jerusalem.”

• The land of “Judah” became known as The land of “Judah” became known as Palestine.Palestine.

• Many of the Arabs who still lived there Many of the Arabs who still lived there became Muslims (Islamic religion).became Muslims (Islamic religion).

• Jerusalem became a holy city to Jerusalem became a holy city to Judaism, Christianity, & Islam. Judaism, Christianity, & Islam.

• Jews began to move BACK to the Jews began to move BACK to the region.region.

• They wanted to recreate the Jewish They wanted to recreate the Jewish state in their homeland.state in their homeland.

• They called their movement They called their movement ZionismZionism..

• After World War I, in 1918, the After World War I, in 1918, the British officially gained control of British officially gained control of the area and supported a Jewish the area and supported a Jewish homeland in Palestine.homeland in Palestine.

• This led to a conflict that still This led to a conflict that still exists today.exists today.

• After World War I, in 1918, the After World War I, in 1918, the British officially gained control of British officially gained control of the area and supported a Jewish the area and supported a Jewish homeland in Palestine.homeland in Palestine.

• This led to a conflict that still This led to a conflict that still exists today.exists today.

The United The United Nations, a new Nations, a new peace-keeping peace-keeping organization, organization, made decisions made decisions about Palestine.about Palestine.

In 1947, the U.N. decided to In 1947, the U.N. decided to divide Palestine into two divide Palestine into two

separate states-separate states-

One for Jews.One for Jews.

One for Arabs. One for Arabs.

The population of Palestine was The population of Palestine was 85% Arab and they lived on the 85% Arab and they lived on the

land that Jews also claimed.land that Jews also claimed.

The Jews wereThe Jews weregranted thegranted the area.area.

Even though over Even though over 75% of this land 75% of this land was desert, the was desert, the Jewish population Jewish population was desperate to was desperate to find a home and find a home and accepted this accepted this plan. plan.

Israel was the name Israel was the name of the new Jewish of the new Jewish state. (1948)state. (1948)

Arabs in the region did not accept Arabs in the region did not accept the decision of the U.N. and the decision of the U.N. and

declared war on Israel. declared war on Israel.

The Arabs The Arabs rejected the rejected the plan because plan because they wanted to they wanted to prevent any prevent any Jewish control Jewish control in Palestine.in Palestine.

The Arabs The Arabs were allocated were allocated the the land.land.

• The Jews won the war. The Jews won the war. • Israel and surrounding Arab nations Israel and surrounding Arab nations

claimed the land that claimed the land that had belonged to the had belonged to the Palestinians. Palestinians.

• Palestinians were left Palestinians were left with no land.with no land.

During the rest of the 20th During the rest of the 20th

century, there were many wars century, there were many wars

fought between Israel and Arab fought between Israel and Arab

states. states.

The United States tried to help with The United States tried to help with peace talks and some Arab nations peace talks and some Arab nations signed peace treaties with Israel.signed peace treaties with Israel.

• But everything has NOT always But everything has NOT always been successful.been successful.

• Terrorism, or acts of violence, has Terrorism, or acts of violence, has been used to get what they want. been used to get what they want.

• As the 21st century begins, the As the 21st century begins, the work for peace continues.work for peace continues.

• Tolerance and understanding of Tolerance and understanding of other cultures will be necessary other cultures will be necessary for future cooperation. for future cooperation.

• What is the source of conflict in What is the source of conflict in the Arab-Israeli World?the Arab-Israeli World?

– Dispute over who is rightfully Dispute over who is rightfully entitled to the landentitled to the land

– Who controls Jerusalem Who controls Jerusalem

Why do some cultures have Why do some cultures have conflict?conflict?

– Differences in cultural traits Differences in cultural traits such as religious, political, and such as religious, political, and economic issues economic issues

– Geographical issues such as Geographical issues such as boundaries and resourcesboundaries and resources

Why do some cultures Why do some cultures cooperate?cooperate?

– ToleranceTolerance

– UnderstandingUnderstanding

– CompromiseCompromise

– Interdependence Interdependence