Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana...
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![Page 1: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve
growth in a coastal embaymentJoana Ibáñez Solé1, Montserrat Ramón2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor1
1. Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
2. Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain3. Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Palma, Spain
Symposium on Integrating New Advances in Mediterranean Oceanography and Marine Biology. Barcelona, 25-29 November 2013
![Page 2: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OBJECTIVES
1. To define the different water bodies in Alfacs bay.
2. Modeling the depletion of seston and chlorophyll through a zero-dimensional dynamic model (using the half-saturation coefficient, χk ).
3. Application of the ecophysiological models SFG and DEB.
4. To calculate the carrying capacity of Alfacs bay for bivalve aquaculture.
![Page 3: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ALFACS BAY - Characteristics
• Positive estuarine circulation pattern of the water inside the bay.
• Wide range of temperatures.
• Shallow waters.
• Changes in the characteristics of the bay according to whether the irrigation channels are open or closed.
![Page 4: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Pycnocline identification
Closed channels
Density = 27.10 kg/m3
T (ºC)
Opened channels
Density = 24.71 kg/m3
![Page 5: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SITUATION OF SAMPLING STATIONS INSIDE ALFACS BAY
Main pattern of water circulation inside Alfacs bay. (Camp et al., 1987).
Latitude (º)
Longitude (º)
![Page 6: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Density [kg/m3]
Surface (0.5m)
Bottom(range 2.5 – 6m)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canales abiertosdensidad = 27.10 kg/m3
Canales cerradosdensidad = 24.71 kg/m3
T (ºC)
![Page 7: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Salinity [PSU]
Surface (0.5m)
Bottom(range 2.5 – 6m)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canales abiertosdensidad = 27.10 kg/m3
Canales cerradosdensidad = 24.71 kg/m3
T (ºC)
![Page 8: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chlorophyll [mg/m3]
Surface (0.5m)
Bottom(range 2.5 – 6m)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canales abiertosdensidad = 27.10 kg/m3
Canales cerradosdensidad = 24.71 kg/m3
T (ºC)
![Page 9: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
TRANSECTS SAMPLED IN THE BAY
Latitude (º)
Longitude (º)Entrance transect Dock transect Central transect
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ENTRANCE TRANSECT Density, σt [kg/m3] Salinity [PSU]
Serramar FaroMitad boca
Chlorophyll [mg/m3] Stability, E [rad2/m]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canales abiertosdensidad = 27.10 kg/m3
Canales cerradosdensidad = 24.71 kg/m3
T (ºC)
![Page 11: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
DOCK TRANSECTDensity, σt [kg/m3] Salinity [PSU]
Chiringuito Muelle
Chlorophyll [mg/m3] Stability, E [rad2/m]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canales abiertosdensidad = 27.10 kg/m3
Canales cerradosdensidad = 24.71 kg/m3
T (ºC)
![Page 12: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CENTRAL TRANSECTDensity, σt [kg/m3] Salinity [PSU]
Trabucador CentralEmisario
Chlorophyll [mg/m3] Stability, E [rad2/m]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canales abiertosdensidad = 27.10 kg/m3
Canales cerradosdensidad = 24.71 kg/m3
T (ºC)
![Page 13: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ENTRANCE DOCK CENTRAL
Salinity [PSU]
Chlorophyll [mg/m3]
38.5
36.5
34.5
29.0
38.5
36.5
34.5
29.0
38.5
36.5
34.5
29.0
64
26
12
0
64
26
12
0
64
26
12
0
![Page 14: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Modelling depletion at the mussel farm
BeginningPoint A
MiddlePoint B
EndPoint C
Latitude (º)
Longitude (º)
ABC
![Page 15: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Area (m2) = 337038.2
Cultured area (m2) = 81274.2
Nº of nurseries = 42
Nº of ropes = 46200
Weight of the ropes [kg] At seedtime: 3.23·105 At collect: 11.6·105
Water transit time [h] Maximum: 2.03 (Camp et al., 1987) Minimum: 1.47
Area (m2) = 469069.0
Cultured area (m2) =86107.2
Nº of nurseries = 45
Nº of ropes = 49500
Weight of the ropes [kg] At seedtime: 3.47·105 At collect: 12.4·105
Water transit time [h] Maximum: 2.56 (Camp et al., 1987) Minimum: 1.86
Sampling points at the mussel farm
2672.5 m
2123.8m
![Page 16: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Depletion [mg/dm2]
Seston [mg/dm2]
Depletion [mg/dm2]
Seston [mg/dm2]
Seston [mg/dm2]
Depletion [mg/dm2] End rafts (C)
Beginning rafts (A) Middle rafts (B)
![Page 17: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
DEPLETION EQUATION: d( ) = 0.7465·
: concentration of available seston
The whole farmDepletion [mg/dm2]
Seston [mg/dm2]
120
150
100
50
0
-50
0 20 40 60 80 100
200
140 160 180 200
![Page 18: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Invierno Primavera Verano Otoño
Depletion Rate [mg/m3]
De A a B De B a C Total: De A a C
Winter WinterSpring SpringSummer SummerAutumn Autumn
From A to B
Eastern part
[mg/h]
From B to C
Western part
Total: From A to C
Average
![Page 19: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
[µg/L] CR [L/h]
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Invierno Primavera Verano Otoño
Datos de campo in situ simuladoDatos de campo
Datos in situ simulados(Galimany et al., 2009)
k
Winter WinterSpring SpringSummer SummerAutumn Autumn
Field data
In situ simulated data
(Galimany et al.)
Half-saturation coefficient
![Page 20: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Models DEB and SFG application
• DEB equationsRate of energy ingestion (J/day):
Arrhenius temperature function:
• SFG equations
Ingestion (mg/day):
is the chlorophyll concentration
Standard ingestion function:
k is the half-saturation coefficient
![Page 21: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Models DEB and SFG application
• DEB equationsRate of energy ingestion (J/day):
Arrhenius temperature function:
• SFG equations
Ingestion (mg/day):
is the chlorophyll concentration
Standard ingestion function:
k is the half-saturation coefficient
![Page 22: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Models DEB and SFG application
• DEB equationsRate of energy ingestion (J/day):
Arrhenius temperature function:
• SFG equations
Ingestion (mg/day):
is the chlorophyll concentration
Standard ingestion function:
k is the half-saturation coefficient
![Page 23: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Models DEB and SFG application
• DEB equationsRate of energy ingestion (J/day):
Arrhenius temperature function:
• SFG equations
Ingestion (mg/day):
is the chlorophyll concentration
Standard ingestion function:
k is the half-saturation coefficient
![Page 24: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Models DEB and SFG application
• DEB equationsRate of energy ingestion (J/day):
Arrhenius temperature function:
• SFG equations
Ingestion (mg/day):
is the chlorophyll concentration
Standard ingestion function:
k is the half-saturation coefficient
![Page 25: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
DEB Model application
Winter WinterSpring AutumnSummer Spring Summer Autumn
Winter Spring Summer Autumn Winter Spring Summer Autumn
Field data
In situ simulated data
Chl-a available
Chl-a available
Ch
loro
pyll
(mg
/m2
)C
hlo
rop
yll (m
g/m
2)
Px (J/d
ay)P
x (J/day)
![Page 26: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
DEB Model application
Winter WinterSpring AutumnSummer Spring Summer Autumn
Winter Spring Summer Autumn Winter Spring Summer Autumn
Field data
In situ simulated data
Chl-a available
Chl-a available
Ch
loro
pyll
(mg
/m2
)C
hlo
rop
yll (m
g/m
2)
Px (J/d
ay)P
x (J/day)
![Page 27: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
SFG Model application
Winter Spring Summer Autumn Winter Spring Summer Autumn
Winter Spring Summer Autumn Winter Spring Summer Autumn
Field data
In situ simulated dataChl-a available
Chl-a available
Ch
loro
pyll
(mg
/m2
)C
hlo
rop
yll (m
g/m
2)
I/Cm
i (mg
/m3
)I/C
mi (m
g/m
3)
![Page 28: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
SFG Model application
Winter Spring Summer Autumn Winter Spring Summer Autumn
Winter Spring Summer Autumn Winter Spring Summer Autumn
Field data
In situ simulated dataChl-a available
Chl-a available
Ch
loro
pyll
(mg
/m2
)C
hlo
rop
yll (m
g/m
2)
I/Cm
i (mg
/m3
)I/C
mi (m
g/m
3)
![Page 29: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Carrying capacity of Alfacs BayApproximations
• Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: The only consumer species.
• Only the food availability (seston/chlorophyll) and temperature are considered as limiting factors. We omitted oxygen concentrations and other characteristics of the bay as limiting factors.
• We considered the circulation of the water inside the bay as unidirectional.
Results
The mussel farm can have 117 rafts similar to the current ones.
The bay, in its whole extension, is able to
accommodate 253 rafts.
![Page 30: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Conclusions
• Difficulty for working in shallow depths.
• Chlorophyll spots inside the bay in the central zone, farther from the bay’s mouth.
• Pycnocline variation – opened channels/closed channels.
• DR rate and CR rate are lower during the hottest months of the summer.
• The Χk parameter for Alfacs bay is variable throughout the year due to the wide range of temperatures in the bay water.
![Page 31: Dynamic model to calculate the carrying capacity for bivalve growth in a coastal embayment Joana Ibáñez Solé 1, Montserrat Ramón 2,3 and Margarita Fernández-Tejedor.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551bfb775503469e4f8b4953/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• DEB model application in Alfacs bay and to the mussel species Mytilus galloprovincialis has provided satisfying results and also allowed to observe an important dependence between uptake and temperature.
• SFG model is not applicable in Alfacs bay because it does not give a correct dependence between temperature and ingestion. It does not reproduce the observations correctly.
• We were able to calculate a first approximation of the carrying capacity for Alfacs bay. This approximation shows that Alfacs bay is able to accommodate 3 times more rafts than there exist nowadays.
Conclusions
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Thank you!
INIA: RTA04-023-Estudio integrado de los factores biológicos y ambientales condicionantes de la producción de mejillón en las bahías del delta del Ebro.
XRAq: Ecofisiologia del musclo en relació a les característiquesambientals de les badies del Delta de l’Ebre.