DRUG USE IN AMERICA

1DRUG USE CHAPTER 4

DRUG USE IN AMERICA

A drug is a chemical other than food that is purposely taken to affect the

body processes.

RSCCD:RSCCD:

DRUG USE CHAPTER 4 2

IDEAL VS REALITYWeight Control Drugs

• In the late 60’s fashion models were 8% thinner than the averaged sized woman: today they are 23% thinner

• Today average model is 5’10” and weighs 110-115 vs 5’4” 140-160lbs

• One third of Am. Women wear a size 16 or larger

• “Barbie” would be 5’9” at 36-18-33

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Guidelines When Taking Medications

• Take the prescribed dosage - no more no less

• Follow the directions• Finish the prescription

even after you are feeling better; Women often relapse when they fail to finish pres.

• Ask the pharmacist or physician about directions of you are unsure about using the medication properly

• Seek a second opinion if you are concerned about taking any prescribed drug

4DRUG USE CHAPTER 4

Questions to ask when taking Prescription Medicine

• What is the purpose of this medicine?

• What are the possible side effects of this medicine?

• What foods, beverages, or other medications should be avoided

• When and How do I take the medication

• How long should I take this medication

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LEGAL DRUGS

• CAFFEINE

• NICOTINE

• ALCOHOL

• PRESCRIPTION DRUGS

• OTC’S- OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS


ILLEGAL DRUGS

• Illegal drugs are those that an individual is not authorized to have

• Illegal or Illicit drugs include:

• Marijuana *Cannabis sativa

• Hashish extract of cannabis 2 to 10 times more potent than marijuana

• Cocaine (coke, snow, lady, rock)

• Heroin -narcotics include the opiates

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COMMONLY PRESCRIBED DRUGS

• AMPHETAMINES• ANTI-

DEPRESSANTS: zoloft; prozac;

• SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS -BENZODIAZEPINES;valium; xanax

• HORMONE Therapy: premarin; estraderm

• BARBITUATES• SLEEPING PILLS• PAIN KILLERS• OPIATES/

NARCOTICS• ANTI-ANXIETY• ANABOLIC

STEROIDS

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OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUGS

• Analgesics

• Antihistamines

• Stimulants

• Laxatives

• Topical Analgesics

• Antacids

• Sleep Aids - Compoz, Nytol, Unisom, Ultra Sleep

• Weight Management Products-phenylpropanolamine; phenylpropanolamine; Dexatrim and AcutrimDexatrim and Acutrim


STIMULANTS

• CRACK MIXTURE OF BAKING SODA AND COCAINE-smoked in glass water pipe-hyperactivity, paranoia, powerful chemical dependence occurs

• COCAINE Popular recreation drug- brain becomes tolerant which results in the need for more and more- headache, exhaustion, shaking, blurred vision, nausea, impotence, loss of sexual desire


PSYCHEDELICS AND HALLUCINOGENS

• PEYOTE

• MESCALINE

• LSD LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE “trips” trigger panic, depression, confusion, fear of insanity, distorted thoughts and perceptions

• PCP phencyclidine “angel dust” behaviorally toxic -psychotic attacks temporary insanity

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INHALANTS

• Chemicals that produce vapors with psychoactive effects

• Solvents, aerosols, cleaning fluids, and petroleum products

• Local irritation to nose and upper respiratory tract, nosebleeds, loss of coordination, loss of appetite

• Decreased breathing and HR


DEPRESSANTS

• RELAX CNS

• SLOW DOWN PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BODY

• FUNCTION TO POINT OF COMA AND EVENTUAL DEATH

• SEDATIVES, HYPNOTICS, ALCOHOL


DESIGNER DRUGS

• PRODUCED IN CHEMICAL LABS

• SOLD ILLEGALLY

• SYNTHETIC NARCOTICS : Methadone, Dilaudid, Percodan, Darvon,

• DARVON produces euphoric high and KILLS MORE PEOPLE THAN HEROINE

• RISK OF BRAIN DAMAGE

• FATAL OVERDOSE from ingestion

• FEELINGS OF WARMTH AND OPENESS

• MORE POWERFUL THAN THOSE DERIVED FROM NATURAL SUBSTANCES


ENTRANCE MODALITIES

• ORAL ADMINISTRATION

• INHALATION

• INJECTION

• SUBCUTANEOUSLY

• INTRAMUSCULARLY

• INTRAVENOUSLY


DRUG USE TERMINOLOGY

• DRUG MISUSE• DRUG ABUSE• HABITUATION• TOLERANCE• TOXICITY• CUMULATIVE• POLYABUSE

• PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE

• PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE

• CROSS TOLERANCE

• CROSS ADDICTION


SYNERGISTIC EFFECT

• SYNERGISTIC EFFECT is a dangerous effect of taking 2 drugs in the same general category at the same time.

• Alcohol and tranquilizers taken together, both are depressants, produce an effect that is @4X greater

• Than the total effect of each of the two drugs taken separately

• Thus a much-amplified, perhaps fatal sedation will occur.


ADDITIVE EFFECT

• When two or more drugs are taken

• The result is merely a combined total effect of each drug

• The result is an additive effect.

• The sum of the effects are not as exaggerated as with the synergistic effect


POTENTIATED EFFECTS

• One drug intensifies the action of a second drug• An example Quaaludes(barbiturate) and beer, both

depressants • Quaaludes potentiates the inhibition-releasing,

sedative effects of alcohol• This particular combination produces inexpensive

but potentially fatal drunk like euphoria


ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT

• A drug’s action in reducing another drug’s effects.

• Knowledge of this principle useful in medical treatment of drug overdoses

• Tranquilizers used to relieve the effects of LSD of other hallucinogenic drugs


The Effects of Drugs on Mother

• On mother:• Poor Nutrition• HBP• Fast HR• Low Wt. Gain• Low Self-Esteem• Preterm Labor• STD’s• Early Delivery• HIV/AIDS• Depression• Physical Abuse

• On baby:• Premature Birth• Low Birth Weight• Infections• Small Head Size• SIDS• Birth Defects• Stunted Growth• Poor Motor Skills• HIV/AIDS• Learning Disabilities• Neurological Problems


VOCABULARY CHAPTER 4 DRUG USE IN AMERICA

• BIOAVAILABILITY• TOLERANCE• PHYSICAL DEPENDANCE• PSYCHOLOGICAL

DEPENDANCE• WITHDRAWL• PRESCRIPTION DRUGS• ANTIDEPRESSANTS• SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS• HRT• AMPHETAMINES

• OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS

• ANTIHISTIMINES• ANALGESICS• STIMULANTS• LAXATIVES• TOPICAL ANALGESICS• ANTACIDS• CONTRAINDICATIONS• ILLICIT DRUGS

DRUG USE IN AMERICA

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