DRUG ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic:Furosemide

Brand:

Lasix

Classification:

Loop Diuretics

Dosage:

40 mg

Route:

Intravenous

Frequency:

Every 12 hours

Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption at the proximal tubules, distal tubules and ascending loop of Henle leading to excretion of water together with sodium, chloride and potassium.

Treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure (CHF)

Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas

Anuria

Orthostatic hypertension,

thrombophlebitis, chronic aortitis, vertigo, headache, dizziness, paresthesia, restlessness, fever, photo sensitivity, urticaria, pruritus

1. Assess patient’s underlying condition before starting therapy.2. Monitor for renal, cardiac, neurologic, GI, pulmonary manifestations of hypokalemia3. Monitor neurologic, respiratory manifestations of hyperchloremia: weakness, lethargy, coma, deep rapid breathing.4. Assess fluid volume status: urine: color, quality and specific gravity, I & O ratio, weight, skin turgor.5. Assess patient’s and family’s knowledge of drug therapy.

DRUG ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT

NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic:AcetylSalicylic Acid

Brand:Aspirin

Classification:Non Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs(NSAIDs)

Dosage:80mg

Route:Oral

Frequency:Once a day

Exhibits antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

The antipyretic effect is due to an action on the hypothalamus, resulting in heat loss by vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels.

Anti-inflammatory effects are mediated by a decrease in prostaglandin synthesis.

It also decreases platelet aggregation.

For pain on integumentary structures, myalgia, neuralgia, headache, dysmenorrhea, gout.

Arthritis, SLE, acute rheumatic fever

Hypersensitivity to salicylates,

severe anemia, history of blood

coagulation defects, vitamin K

deficiency,

GI: dyspepsia, heartburn, anorexia, nausea, epigastric discomfort, potentiation of peptic ulcer

Allergic: Bronchospasm, asthma-like symptoms, anaphylaxis, skin rashes, urticaria

Hematologic: prolongation of bleeding time, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia,

Other: Thirst, fever, dimness of vision

Assess for pain: type, location and pattern

Note for asthma Monitor renal,

LFTs and CBC Determine

history of peptic ulcers or bleeding tendencies.

DRUG ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic:Trimetazidine

Brand:Vastarel MR

Classification:Anti-Anginal Drugs

Dosage:35 mg

Route:Oral

Frequency:Twice a day

acts by directly counteracting all the major metabolic disorders occurring within the ischemic cell. The actions of trimetazidine include limitation of intracellular acidosis, correction of disturbances of trans membrane ion exchanges, and prevention of excessive production of free radicals, decrease myocardial oxygen requirement by decreasing the heart rate, ventricular volume, blood pressure and contractility.

- acute anginalattacks- prevent situationthat may causeanginal attacks

Hypersensitivity to any drug component

Nausea andVomiting,

headache, edema

1. Check for doctor’s order2. Monitor blood pressure andpulse rate before and after givingthe meds.3. Notify prescribing signs ofheart failure such as swelling ofhands and feet or SOB.4. Advise patient of the sideeffects of the drug.

DRUG ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic:Ranitidine

Brand:Zantac

Classification:H2 Receptor Antagonist

Dosage:50mg

Route:Intravenous

Frequency:Every 8 hours

Inhibits the action of histamine at the H2 receptor site located primarily in gastric parietal cells, resulting in inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Treatment and prevention of heartburn, acid indigestion, and sour stomach.

Prophylaxis of GI hemorrhage from stress ulceration

Hypersensitivity, Cross-sensitivity may occur; some oral liquids contain alcohol and should be avoided in patients with known intolerance

Constipation

Diarrhea

Fatigue

Headache

Insomnia

Muscle pain

Nausea

Vomiting

Agitation

Anemia

Confusion

Depression

Easy bruising or

bleeding

Instruct patient not to take new medication w/o consulting physician

Instruct patient to take as directed and do not increase dose

Allow 1 hour between any other antacid and ranitidine

Avoid excessive alcohol

Assess patient for epigastric or abdominal pain and frank or occult blood in the stool, emesis, or gastric aspirate

Nurse should know that it may cause false-positive results for urine protein; test with sulfosalicylic acid

Inform patient that it may cause drowsiness or dizziness

Inform patient that

increased fluid and fiber intake may minimize constipation

Advise patient to report onset of black, tarry stools; fever, sore throat; diarrhea; dizziness; rash; confusion; or hallucinations to health car professional promptly

Inform patient that medication may temporarily cause stools and tongue to appear gray black

Instruct patients to monitor for and report occurrence of drug-induced adverse reaction

DRUG ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic:Sulodexide

Brand:Vessel due F

Classification:Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets & Fibrinolytics (Thrombolytics)

Dosage:1tab

Route:Oral

Frequency:Twice a day

Inhibits coagulation by attacking several sites of the coagulation system. Its effect is dependent on the presence of antithrombin III, an alpha 2- globulin whose activity is augmented by heparin. The heparin- antithrombin complex inactivates factors IXa, Xa, XIa and XIIa, and prevents thrombin formation. Furthermore, the complex reverses the effect of already formed thrombin. In high concentrations, heparin also inhibits thrombocyte aggregation.

Vascular pathologies w/ thrombotic risk,

transient ischemic attacks & cerebrovascular disease,

peripheral vascular insufficiency,

diabetic retinopathy,

MI, retinal vasal

thrombosis.

Hypersensitivity to sulodexide, heparin & heparin- likeproducts.

Diathesis &hemorrhagic diseases.

nausea vomiting epigastralgia Pain burn hematoma at the

site of injection. chills fever urticaria

Assess patients for signs of bleeding and hemorrhage (bleeding gums; nosebleed; unusual bruising; black, tarry stools; hematuria; fall in hematocrit or blood pressure; guaiac- positive stools). Notify physician if these occur.

Monitor patient for hypersensitivity reactions (chills, fever, urticaria). Report signs to physician

Monitor platelet count every 2-3 days throughout therapy. May cause mild thrombocytopenia, which appears on the 4th day and resolves despite continued heparin therapy.

DRUG ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic:Cefuroxime

Brand:Zinacef

Classification:Second Generation Cephalosporin

Dosage:750mg

Route:Intravenous

Frequency:Every 8 hours

Inhibits bacterial wall synthesis, rendering cell wall osmotically unstable, leading to cell death by binding to cell wall membrane

Urinary tract infections, Otitis media,

Severe infections

Sensitivity to cephalosporins

CNS: Dizziness, headache, fatigue, paresthesia, fever, chills, confusionGI: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, glossitis, bleeding, increased AST, ALT, bilirubin, LDH, alkaline phosphatase, abdominal pain, loose stools, flatulence, heartburn, stomach cramps, colitis, jaundiceGU: vaginitis, pruritus, candidiasis, increased BUN, nephrotoxicity, renal failure, pyuria, dysuria, reversible interstitial nephritis

Determine history of hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporins, penicillins, and history of allergies, particularly to drugs, before therapy is initiated.

Inspect IM and IV injection sites frequently for signs of phlebitis.

Report onset of loose stools or diarrhea. Although pseudomembranous colitis.

Monitor I&O rates and pattern: Especially important in severely ill patients receiving high doses. Report any significant changes.