Drivers – The Final Frontier?!?Fleet Safety Conference

Agenda

• Overview

• Key’s to Any Behavioral Change

• Driver Behavior – Can/Should it be Modified

• Crash Reviews/MVR’s/Progressive Discipline

• Success Stories

• Real Life Example – Polk County, Fl.

• Real Life Results

• Can/Could it Work for You?

“Paraskevidekatriaphobia”

Definition??

When You Can Use it Next…

Hillsborough County Facts:

• Population 1,300,000• Land Area – 1,048 Sq. Miles• Tampa• Lightning Capital of the U.S.• Site of the 2012 RNC• Home to:

Hillsborough Fleet Management

• 3100 Vehicles• 4 Shop Facilities• # 1 – 100 Best Public Fleets in N.A. 2008 &

2009• 8 Million Miles/Yr. • ASE Blue Seal/100 Best Public Fleets last 7

years

Behavior Modification?

Can I Really Modify Behavior?

Objective: Influence

Motivation Ability

1. Make the Undesirable - Desirable

2.Over Invest in Skill Building

3. Harness Peer Pressure 4. Find Strength in Numbers

5. Design Rewards & Demand Accountability

6. Change the Environment

Motivation?

• Can you motivate someone who isn’t interested?

NO!!

So Can I really Train Drivers to Improve?

1. Personal Motivation

• The Key?

– Help People See the Implications of:• Choices• Actions

Connect New Behaviors to Deeply

Held Values

They Already Have

2. Personal Ability

• Drivers Already Know How to “Drive” BUT:

• Do they practice the Behaviors you Want?

• The Key Here:

– Over Invest in Skills Building

• Build in the toughest, most realistic settings.• Robust Training is at the heart of Influence

3. Harness Peer Pressure

• Peer Pressure is Already At Work…

• The Key Here:

– Make Peer Pressure Work for You!

How?

Ranking Boards

Employee Recognition

4. Find Strength in Numbers

• Build “Social Capital”– Enlist both Formal and Informal Leaders

– The Key to building “Social Capital”?

• Build Trust with formal and informal Leaders.

– Enlist Champions– Find the Opinion Leaders and involve them– Train the Trainers

5. Design Rewards/Accountability

• If a leader talks quality but rewards productivity• How Will an employee react?

• Don’t reward the wrong behavior

• The Key to Rewarding Change?

– Make the Reward Real & Valuable

6. Change the Environment

• 3 X more People Die from Lung Cancer than from Traffic Accidents

• 2 X more People Die from Tuberculosis than from Fires

• Why Don’t We Already Know This?

The Data Stream Is At Odd w/Reality

The Key? Change the Data That Cross People’s Desks

Keys To Behavior Change

1. Help People Understand the Implications of their Choices & Actions

2. Over Invest in Skill Building

3. Harness Peer Pressure

4. Get More “Social Capital” by Enlisting Formal and Informal Leaders

5. Align Rewards/Ensure Accountability

6. Change the Environment

Steps Taken:

• Aerodymanics• Gear Ratios• Smaller Engines/Vehicles• Low Rolling Resistance Tires• Introduction of Bio Fuels• Alternative Fuels• In Vehicle Monitoring Systems• Idle Control Devices• APU’s (alt. power units)• Hybrid/Hybrid-Electric/Plug In Hybrids• Electric Vehicles• MyKey• Simulators

– All of Above are Hardware Related

“Automotive Fleet” April, 2010

“Even when comprehensive vehicle selection, right sizing, fuel card data mining, and exception report programs are deployed, effective fuel management ultimately depends on one key player:”

“THE DRIVER”

Why Have We Avoided Driver Training?

• Presumed efficient already?

• Perfection in Driving Habits?

• Untrainable?

• Not our Job

• Easier to address hardware than people

Can/Should Driver Behavior be Modified?

NAFA 2012 Panel Discusson:

• Question:– Can we modify driver behavior to improve

Safety and Fuel Economy??

• Answer:– “Modifying Behavior can have a huge

impact both on Safety and on Fuel Economy”

Why Should You Care?

• Driver Training Isn’t your Job

• Drivers Don’t Work for you

• Drivers Won’t Listen

• Drivers Don’t Care

Why Should You Care?

• Driver Training Isn’t your Job– Subject Matter Expert

• Drivers Don’t Work for you– No Hierarchy Involved

• Drivers Won’t Listen– They’d be More Attentive

• Drivers Don’t Care– Results Show They Care – A Lot

Role of Driving Records

• Pre – Employment

• Post Crash/Accident

• Annual Performance Reviews

• Assurance of CDL Compliance

• Build a Track Record of Excellence

MVR Questions?

• License Expiration Date?

• CDL Vehicle Class vs Vehicle Operated

• Currency of Information – Address of Record

• # Points Accumulated - Patterns

Success Story Examples:

• Novo Nordisk – Driver Training spearheaded by Fleet Mgr saved 858,787 gallons

• Bison Transport – Driver Training/Incentive cut 713,264 gallons

• Cat “Driver Reward”: In-House Program that rewards drivers for fuel efficiency

• AstraZeneca trained Eco Driving reducing emissions by 367 metric tons/yr.

• Poland Spring ranked drivers for Idling and posted the results on a board saving 8000 gallons/yr.

Crash Review Committees

• Define the Role• Define Preventable vs Non-Preventable• Define the Membership:

– Who– How Long they’ll Serve– Meet Regularly

• Assure Fairness in Representation• Assure Expertise in Representation• Abide by the Decisions - Always

Post Committee Action

• What’s Next?• Define Remedial Training • Define More Aggressive Posture if Required• Progressive Discipline

– Formal Policies are a Must– Assure the Punishment fits the Crime– Fairness in Application– Assure Cooperation in Represented Units– Make it Progressive

Polk County’s Approach?

Fuel Conservation/Driver Training/Incentive Program

Strategy

Restrict

Speed –

55MPH

Driver

Incentive

Program

Conduct

Eco- Driver

Training

Implement

55 mph Speed Restriction

Traffic Safety

Citizen’s Information

Employee Roll Out

Self-Policing

Concept

Approval

FHP & PCSO

GPS &

Employee

Involvement

“Top Down”

Acceptance

Decal

Vehicles

Vehicle Decal:

What the Experts Say:

• Excessive speed is the largest single factor in reduced fuel mileage.

• Reduce speed to a reasonable level of say 60 mph and eliminate all non-essential stops. A general rule of thumb is that every mph increase above 50 mph reduces fuel mileage by 0.1 mpg.

• Virginia Tech Study on Follow Distance:

– Increase Following Distance by 1 second will reduce the incidence of rear end collisions by 85%

What the Experts Say:

• Excessive speed is the largest single factor in vehicle crashes:– Too Fast for Conditions - 13.9 % single– Too Fast – 5.9% muti-vehicle & fatality– Too Fast… Critical Pre – Crash Event in

18% crashes where the truck was the causal factor

“More than any other factor”• 30% speed increase = 69% > kinetic en.• Source – FMCSA (2009 stats)

Ain’t It the Truth?

“HAVE YOU EVER NOTICED?

ANYBODY DRIVING SLOWER THAN YOU

IS AND IDIOT…

AND ANYBODY GOING FASTER THAN YOU

IS A MANIAC???”

GEORGE CARLIN

Available Training Resources??

Search Engines:• Smith System Driver Training• Car Chip• Green Driver• Green Road• Driving Skills for Life - Ford• Bridgestone Tires• I Drive Green App• Env. Defense Fund• EPA• & More….

“Driving Skills for

Life”

Polk’s Actual

Historical Data

“What Drivers Do to Save Fuel”

Polk’s Idle Awareness Program

Concept

ConceptConcept

Concept

Polk County Driver Training

• Driver Behavior• Polk County Data• Tailored Internally• Length - 1 Hour• Customer Focused• Incl.Safety Emphasis• Lead in to Employee

Incentive Program

• Modify Future • 250,000 Idling Hours• Polk County Data• Easy to Take• Magnet Give-away• Safety Integration• Incentive Program Explained @

Conclusion

15 %

10 %

8 %

35%Objective:

ModifyDriver Behavior!

MPH

Spec

PSI

Driver

How Can We Encourage Employee Participation???

• Provide Detail on the Issues and ask for their help

• Train for Driving Behavior you Want

• Incentive Program

Introducing….

Employee Fuel Incentive Program

Employee Fuel Conservation Incentive Program Eligibility:

Employees who drive the same County vehicle exclusively

Participate in Eco-Driver Training Class Sign an Incentive Agreement Term – 12 Months If Fuel Efficiency Improves > 5% County will

split the fuel savings 50/50 with the driver

Employee Agrees To:

Practice Eco Driving Techniques Accurately Enter Odometer Readings at the

Fuel Sites Assure their County vehicle is maintained on

schedule No Preventable Crashes in 12 Months

County Agrees to:

Accurately Track MPG Maintain your Vehicle to Factory

Specifications Instruct Employees on Eco-Driving

Principles Accurately Track Fuel Costs If MPG > 5% - Split Fuel Savings 50/50

Potential Incentive???

Annual Miles/Year = 10,000

Current MPG = 13

Ann Fuel Cost @ $3.00/gal = $2307

Improved MPG (10%) = 14.3

Employee’s Share = $97

Potential Incentive?

Annual Miles/Yr. = 20,000

Current Avg MPG = 10

Annual Fuel Cost @ $3/gal = $6,000

10+% Improved MPG = 11.2

Annual Fuel Cost @ $3/gal = $5,357

Employees Share: $321.50

Annual Fuel Consumption: .

Environmentally Friendly?

Total Gallons

-415,000

Gallons

- 14%

Fuel Savings

$1.200,000

-7M Lbs

Carbon

Did We Achieve Any RESULTS??

Preventable Accidents: .

Accident Severity?

Total Hard $ Savings

$485,000

- 22%

ImprovedSafety

Results-35%

Results in Safety too!!

Individual Results??

2007 F-550 6.8L Gasoline 4 X 2

Actual Results – One Unit:

• Starting MPG:• 6.07• Ending MPG:• 8.15• Miles/Year: 17,100• Gallons Saved: 719• Incentive Paid: $457.00

Other Government Potential?

• May 2009 – Polk County School Board adopts 55mph Restriction

Florida Department of Transportation currently considering

Web Sites of Interest:

• https://www.drivingskillsforlife.com/• Edf.org/greenfleet• http://www.mbdrivingacademy.com• http://www.ecodrivingusa.com/• http://planetgreen.discovery.com/tech-transport/eco-

driving-save-fuel.html• http://www.cartalk.com/content/eco/tips

“Paraskevidekatriaphobia”

Definition:

The fear of Friday the 13th

When Can Use It Next:

July 13, 2012

Remember our Troops protecting our right to be here

2nd Brigade Combat Team101st Airborne Division (Air Assault)