DRAFT ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT...

DRAFT

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

FOR

M/S DURATECH CEMENTS INDIA LTD. Village- Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil-

Dasuya, District- Hoshiarpur, Punjab

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M/S DURATECH CEMENTS INDIA LTD. DASUYA, HOSHIARPUR, PUNJAB.

ii

CONTENTS

Section Particulars Page No.

PROJECT AT A GLANCE vi

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1-9

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 10

CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT 11

1.2 SCOPE 13

1.3 METHODOLOGY 13

1.4 PROFILE OF THE COMPANY AND PROMOTERS 14

CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 GENERAL 15

2.2 INSTALLED CAPACITY 15

2.3 RAW MATERIALS 15

2.4 MACHINERY 15

2.5 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 17

2.6 LAND 20

2.7 POWER 20

2.8 WATER SUPPLY 20

2.9 MANPOWER 21

2.10 WASTE HANDLING 21

CHAPTER 3.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

3.1 THE STATE 22

3.2 HOSHIARPUR DISTRICT 23

3.3 PROJECT SITE 23

3.4 CLIMATE 30

3.5 TEMPERATURE 30

3.6 RAINFALL 32

3.7 HUMIDITY 33

3.8 CLOUDINESS 34

3.9 WINDS 34

3.10 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS 34

3.11 PLACES OF TOURIST INTEREST 34

3.12 SOIL 34

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3.13 DRAINAGE 34

3.14 LAND USE 35

3.15 FOREST 36

3.16 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SCENARIO 37

CHAPTER 4.0 ENVIRONEMNTAL BENCH MARK CONDITION IN THE STUDY AREA

4.1 GENERAL 38

4.2 POPULATION 38

4.3 WORKERS 38

4.4 PRESENT ENVIRONMENT 38

4.4.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 39

4.4.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS 50

4.4.2.1 PM10 50

4.4.2.2 PM2.5 50

4.4.2.3 SO2 50

4.4.2.4 NOx 50

4.4.3 CONCLUSIONS 50

4.4.4 WATER QUALITY 51

4.4.5 GROUND WATER QUALITY 55

4.4.6 CONCLUSIONS 55

4.4.7 AMBIENT NOISE QUALITY 58

CHAPTER 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1 GENERAL 61

5.2 PROBABLE IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT 61

5.3 DEVELOPMENT STAGE: - (SHORT TERM) 62

5.4 OPERATIONAL STAGE: - (LONG TERM) 63

5.5 CONCLUSION 66

CHAPTER - 6.0 ENVIROMENT MONITORING PLAN 67- 69

CHAPTER-7.0 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 70- 72

CHAPTER 8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 GENERAL 73

8.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 73

8.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 74

8.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT 74

8.5 SOLID WASTE 75

8.6 GREEN BELT 75

8.7 RAIN WATER HARVESTING 76

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8.7.1 GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS PROPOSED 77

8.7.2 RECHARGE POTENTIAL 77

CHAPTER-9.0 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF WORKERS

9.1 GENERAL 78

9.2 OCCUPATIONAL ENVIRONMENT 78

9.3 OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS 78

9.3.1 HAZARDS COMPRISING AT THE INDUSTRY 79

9.4 MITIGATION MEASURES 79

9.4.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS & SUGGESTION 79

9.4.2 ROUTINE HEALTH CHECK-UP OF WORKERS 80

9.5 FIRE FIGHTING PLAN 81

9.5.1 INTRODUCTION 81

9.5.2 MANAGEMENT OF FIRE & OTHER HAZARDS 81

9.5.3 PREVENTION OF SPREAD OF FIRE 82

9.5.4 EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS 82

9.5.5 FIRE PRONE AREAS OF THE INDUSTRY 82

9.5.6 PRECAUTIONS 82

10.0 RISK ASSESSMENT, ITS MITIGATION & DISASTER

MANAGEMENT PLAN

84-97

List of Tables

Table No. Name Page No.

2.1 DETAILS OF THE RAW MATERIAL REQUIRED 15

3.1 PLANT SITE AND LOCATION 24

3.2 MONTHLY AVERAGE TEMPERATURE 31

3.3 MONTHLY AVERAGE RAINFALL 32

3.4 MONTHLY AVERAGE RELATIVE HUMIDITY 33

3.5 LAND USE PATTERN 35

3.6 DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS 37

4.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATIONS 39

4.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS 41-46

4.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ABSTRACT 47

4.4 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION 48-49

4.5 (a) GROUND WATER MONITORING STATIONS 51

4.5 (b) SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATIONS 51

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4.6 (a) RESULTS OF WATER SAMPLES - GROUND WATER 54

4.6 (b) RESULTS OF WATER SAMPLES - Surface Water 56-57

4.7 NOISE LEVEL RESULTS 59

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 67

6.2 EXPENDITURE ON ENVIRONMENTALMEASURES 69

7.1 DETAIL OF CSR AND ITS TIME BOUND IMPLEMENTATION 72

List of Figures

Figure No. Name Page No.

1.1 KEY-PLAN 12

2.1 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM & MATERIAL BALANCE 16

3.1 KEY PLAN 25

3.2 LOCATION PLAN 26

3.3 LOCATION ON GOOGLE IMAGE 27

3.4 LAYOUT PLAN 28

3.5 LOCATION ON TOPOSHEET MAP 29

4.1 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATIONS 40

4.2 (a) LOCATION OF AMBIENT GROUND WATER MONITORING

STATIONS

52

4.2 (b) LOCATION OF AMBIENT SURFACE WATER MONITORING

STATIONS

53

4.3 LOCATION OF NOISE MONITORING STATIONS 60

List of Annexure

No. Name Page no. I. LAND PAPERS 98- 106

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Project at a Glance

1. Name of Project M/S Duratech Cements India Limited

2. Location Village-Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil-Dasuya, District-

Hoshiarpur, Punjab

3. Product Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)

4. Capacity (TPD) Production capacity

Total Production Capacity 0.5 Million Ton/Annum

5. Type of Project Cement Grinding Unit

6. Cost of the Project 49 Cr.

7. Total Land 6.8 Acres (27513m2)

Breakup of Land utilization

Total area of proposed plant 27513 sq m Plant building 5500 sqm Non plant building 2500 sqm Green area 10000 sqm Area under road/hard standing 5000 sqm Rain water harvesting 200 sqm. Storage shed 4000 sqm. Misc area 313 sqm

8. Power Requirement 4000 KW

9. Source of power From PSPCL

10. Source of Water Supply Own Tube well

11. Quantity of Water (KLD) 25 m3/day

12. Effluent Quantity 8 m3/day

13. Effluent treatment

Domestic = STP

Process = Nil

14. Alternate source of power DG Sets of 750 KVA

15. Air Pollution Control Bag Filters & cyclones

16. Solid Waste Solids from APCD

17. Hazardous waste Used oil from DG Set

18. Rain Water Harvesting 2640 m3/annum

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

For

M/S DURATECH CEMENTS INDIA LTD.

Village-Khak, PO- Tanda, Tehsil-Dasuya,

District-Hoshiarpur, Punjab

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

I. INTRODUCTION

M/S Duratech Cements India Limited, proposed a new cement grinding unit at

Village-Khakh, PO- Tanda Tehsil-Dasuya, District-Hoshiarpur, Punjab. They have

to get Environmental Clearance as per G.O.I Notification No. 1533 dated 14-09-

2006 for which necessary documents was submitted to the SEAC, Patiala, Punjab.

The case was first appraised on 121th meeting of State Expert Appraisal

Committee held on 26.06.2015, where they have issued the TOR for Final EIA.

One of the conditions in the TORs is to conduct public hearing & result should be

incorporated in the EIA Report. Accordingly, this Draft EIA Report of the project

has been prepared for submission to Punjab State Pollution Control Board for the

public hearing. The proposed capacity of the unit is 0.5 Million Ton/annum.

Raw Materials

The details of major raw materials are as under:

Raw Materials

Quantity Sources Transportation Mode

1. Clinker

3,10,000 T

Cement plants in Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan and Pakistan

By road/ Rail

2. Gypsum

30,000 T

Mineral gypsum from Rajasthan and import from Pakistan

By road/ Rail

3. Fly Ash

1,60,000 T Thermal Power plants Lehra Mohabbat, Punjab.

By Road,/ Rail

Manufacturing Process

Ball Mill Technology:-

Required quantities of raw materials according to specifications are sent to the

Ball Mill through a feeder where they are grinded to a powder form. It is then

thoroughly blended by means of compressed air in an airtight vessel known as

silos and is completely homogenized. This final material is called cement. It is

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weighed & packed in 50 Kg HDPE bags with Automatic packing machine and

sent for sale.

Power

The power demand for the proposed unit is about 4000 KW. It is proposed that

this demand will be met by sourcing the power from Punjab State

Power Corporation Limited from the nearby Sub-station.

Water

Major water consumption for the unit will be only for domestic and cooling.

For cooling water will be re-circulated and only makeup water of about 15

KLD is required for meeting the evaporation losses in the cooling circuit. In

addition about 10 KLD water will be needed for about 125 workers within the

factory area. There will be no discharge of waste water from the process. The

total requirement of water will be about 25 KLD. Source of water would be

from ground water through a tube-well within the Premises.

Manpower

The requirement of personnel for the proposed cement plant has been made

keeping in view of the following:

Technical concept of plant, including process control and instrumentation.

Smooth and efficient operation of the plant.

Effective co-ordination between the various departments within the plant.

Optimum organization will well defined and judicious job distribution

Optimum utilization of different grades of workmen and supervisory staff

and

Maximum capacity of the facilities.

In all about 125 workers will be needed in the unit. The unit will operate double

shift.

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II DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

2.1 Present Environment

Various Environmental factors as existing in the study area which are liable

to be affected by the activities have been assessed both quantitatively and

qualitatively. Baseline environmental data generation of study area was carried

out during the period April to June, 2015.

2.2 Ambient Air Quality

The PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and other pollutant levels were monitored at 6

locations in the study area. The observed mean levels of criteria pollutants

are as follows: PM2.5 36.3 to 43.9 μg/m3, PM10 72.3 to 83.5 μg/m3, SO2 4.7 to

7.0 μg/m3 and NO2 13.8 to 21.40 μg/m3. The baseline air quality levels are

within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards prescribed for residential

and industrial area (Standards are 60, 100, 80 and 80 μg/m3 for PM2.5, PM10,

SO2 and NO2).

2.3 Water Quality:

2 surface water samples and 6 groundwater samples were collected from

the study area for chemical and biological analysis. The surface water

quality and groundwater quality of the study area are satisfactory. The

groundwater quality is fit for potable use. No metallic or bacterial

contamination was found in the water quality.

2.4 Noise Environment

Ambient noise levels were monitored at 6 locations in the study area. The

observed Leq levels for day range from 45 dB (A) to 52 dB (A) and night

time ranges from 32 to 38 dB (A). The baseline noise levels are well within

the National Standards.

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2.5 Soil Quality:

The soil of the district consists of Calcareous alluvial, peaty & saline peaty

soils. This soil contains a high content of carbonate of lime. Recent

alluvium, non-calcareous, non-saline soils are also found in the alluvial

plains of Hoshiarpur district. The soils are mostly coarse to medium

textured, acidic to neutral in reaction and yellowish white to light gray in

colour.

2.6 Ecology Quality:

The commonly reported fauna in the area are Partridges, Hare, Wild Boar,

Hog Deer, Barking Deer, Spotted Deer, Jungle Cat, Indian Mongoose, Indian

Jackal, Fruit Bat, Indian Porcupine and Nilgai, Plain Leaf Warbler, Brown

Chiffchaff, Rose Finch, Yellow Headed Wagtail, European Bee Eater,

Demoiselle Crane, Ruddy Shelduck, Pintail, White eyed Pochard, Mallard

and Gadwall.

The flora in the area include Phulahi, Kikar, Drek, Shisham, Siris, Mulberry,

Ber, Amla, Amaltas, Chill, Dhaman, Gauhin, Phaguri, Harar, Kakkar, Jaman,

Kamila, Maulsari, Lasura, Neem, Garna, Mendar, Basuti, Kharkana, Kahi,

Khabal, Bagar, Bui, Boru, Nara and Bulrush . No endangered species of

plants and animals are found in the study area.

2.7 Sensitive Ecosystem:

Within 10 km distance of the project site, no plant or animal species were

found to be on the endangered list. No ecologically sensitive area like

biosphere reserve, tiger reserve, and elephant reserve, migratory corridors of

wild elephant, wetland, national park and wildlife sanctuary are present

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within 10 km distance of the project site. Reserve and Protected Forests

surrounds the project site in all directions.

2.8 Hazardous Materials

No hazardous materials are used in the process nor do the finished goods fall in

this category. There is no impact on the environment on this score.

III ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

Environment Management Plan (E.M.P) in a project is prepared to mitigate

the possible adverse effect of various activities on the existing

environmental factors, during construction as well as in operational stages,

to avoid their deterioration, if any. It is desirable that necessary steps are

taken right from the beginning of the project to be more effective. As a

social and moral obligation on the part of everybody it becomes our

bounden duty to leave our environment to the next generation in a state at

least what we inherited from our ancestors, if not in a better condition.

E.M.P. for this project has been prepared keeping in view the existing

conditions and likely changes which may occur due to the proposed project.

The implementation and monitoring of different control measures have also

been covered. These are discussed as under:-

Air Pollution

There are only two sources of likely pollution:

a) SPM Emission from the process.

b) D.G. Sets emission.

Exhaust gases from the process shall be passed through APCD and then

released to atmosphere. In the grinding unit the raw material along with

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clinker shall be grinded in closed operation. However, bag filter shall be

provided to arrest any SPM coming out of the grinding unit.

Flue gas from the DG Sets will pass through a chimney and the final gas

will be within permissible limits. Water shall be sprinkled on roads to avoid

dust generation by vehicles. Thus air environment is not likely to be

affected significantly.

Water Pollution

There is no waste water from the process. All the domestic effluent will be

sent to STP for treatment inside the project premises.

Noise Pollution

Although some noise is created due to Ball Mill & Jaw Crusher but the

machines are in enclosed sheds & it is not allowed to go outside. No specific

measures for noise control have, therefore, been provided by the firm. The

DG Set will be noise free. Acoustics shall be provided in the DG set room to

minimize the noise, if any.

Industrial Waste

Dust collected in the bag filters will be re-used as raw material. No hazardous

waste is generated from the factory; as such no special arrangements are

required towards that end.

IV ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN

Regular monitoring of all significant environmental parameters is essential

to check the compliance status vis-à-vis the environmental laws and

regulation. The frequency of the monitoring will be as follows:

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The ambient Air quality shall be monitored at project site and downstream

locations once every quarter for RSPM, NOx & SO2 levels during the

Construction Phase and Operational Phase.

The Ambient Noise Levels shall also be monitored once every six months.

Environment Management Cell:

The Environment Management Cell shall be created to effectively monitor all

parameters. Thus the Environment Management Cell shall include:

Representative of Management (Head of Environment Cell)

Process Incharge from STP/APCD, Water Works

Incharge Maintenance Department

A representative of Environmental Consultants

V RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Recharge Potential

To compensate the withdrawal of underground water to some extent, Rain

Water harvesting has been done. The recharge is proposed to be done from

the roof top of the building only. The recharge potential thus available is as

below:-

Area of the catchment (Roof Top) A = 5500 m2 (Approx.)

Average annual rainfall R = 0.6 m.

Runoff coefficient C = 0.8

About 80% of rainfall that falls on the roof (Roofs with tiles) is available

for use.

Annual Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting Potential = A x R X C

= 2640 m3

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VI. EXPENDITURE ON ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES

Cost of environment protection measures

S.No Title Capital Cost Rs. Lacs

Recurring Cost Rs. Lacs (Annum)

1. Air Pollution Control (APCDs)

75.0 10.0

2. Landscaping and Green Belt Development

10.0 2.0

3. Environment Monitoring and Management

10.0 1.5

4. Sewage treatment Plant 10.0 1.0

Total 105.0 14.5

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT

ASSESSMENT REPORT

For

M/S DURATECH CEMENTS INDIA LTD.

Village-Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil-Dasuya,

District-Hoshiarpur, Punjab

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CHAPTER-1.0

1. 1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

Environmental movement in India in its present form has its genesis in the

United Nations Conference on Human Environment held at Stockholm, in

June 1972. Mrs. Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India made a

mark in the conference with her off quoted remark “Poverty is the worst

Polluter”. The conference marked a water-shed in India’s efforts in

Protection of the Environment, forests & Wildlife. Legislations were

enacted for protection of the bio-diversity of the country.

Earlier, the assessment of the Projects was done on technical feasibility

reports and Cost-Benefit-Ratio which mainly considered financial &

technical resources. But no consideration was given to the Environmental

protection in this evaluation and these flaws became apparent with

continuous deterioration of the Environment. Thus in order to have more

realistic evaluation, and keeping in view the deteriorating condition, another

dimension was added which is now called as “Environmental Impact

Assessment” (E.I.A.). This forms an integral part of the Project and is taken

into account while appraising the Project at different stages. Thus, in the

new comprehensive approach all considerations like, Technical, Financial &

Environmental are given due weightage.

M/S Duratech Cements India Limited, proposed a new cement grinding

unit at Village-Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil-Dasuya, District- Hoshiarpur,

Punjab. The project has to obtain Environmental Clearance as per G.O.I

Notification No. 1533 dated 14-09-2006. The case was first appraised on

121th meeting of State Expert Appraisal Committee held on 26.06.2015,

where they have issued the TOR for Final EIA. One of the conditions in the

TORs is to conduct public hearing & result should be incorporated in the

EIA Report. Accordingly, this Draft EIA Report of the project has been

prepared for submission to Punjab State Pollution Control Board for the

public hearing.

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Project Site

FIGURE – 1.1

KEY – PLAN

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1.2 SCOPE

This study contains various information on the Environmental factors viz-a-

viz contribution of pollution by the proposed unit. These factors include air,

water, noise, health and welfare facilities, land use and agricultural pattern

etc., and discuss the predicted impact of the proposed plant activities on

these factors. Broadly under the scope of E.I.A. report it is envisaged:-

To assess the present status of air, water, land, noise, biological &.

Socio economic components of environment.

To identify, quantify & evaluate positive or negative impacts of various

operations on different environmental components.

To evaluate proposed pollution control measures and to suggest

additional control strategies, if any, to mitigate the adverse effects.

To prepare Environmental Management Plan for utilization and adoption

of safety measures.

To delineate future Environmental quality monitoring programme.

1.3 METHODOLOGY

Various steps involved in Environmental Impact Assessment study of the

proposed project are divided into the following phases:

Identification of significant environmental parameters and to study the

existing status within the impact zone with respect to air, water, noise, soil

and socioeconomic components of the environment.

Study of various activities of the proposed project to identify the areas

leading to impact/change in environmental quality.

Identification/Prediction of impacts for identified activities and to study

levels of impact on various environmental components.

Evaluation of impacts after superimposing the predicted impact over the

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baseline quality.

Formulation of Environmental Management Plan for implementation in the

proposed project.

1.4 PROFILE OF THE PROMOTORS & COMPANY

ABOUT THE COMPANY:

M/S "DURATECH CEMENT INDIA LIMITED" is under incorporation as

a Public Limited Company as a sister concern of Asian Concretes and

Cements Pvt. Ltd which is successfully running a 1.3 MTPA Cement

Grinding Unit in Nalagarh, Himachal Pradesh. Understanding the current

market scenario the main promoter Mr. Harish Aggarwal intends to setup a

new 0.5 MTPA (extendable upto 1.0 MTPA) cement Grinding/Blending unit

in Tanda, Distt-Hoshiarpur, Punjab. He is a graduate and having vast

experience of over 30 years in various industries and trades. He is associated

with ACC Limited for last about 28 years and has handled major civil works

and marketing of Cement. The directors of the firm as under:-

1) Sri Harish Aggarwal

2) Sri. Prem Prakash Aggarwal

3) Sri. Karan Aggarwal

Other working staff & technical persons will be recruited as per the requirement.

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CHAPTER-2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 General

Proposed Cement Grinding Unit of M/s Duratech Cement India Ltd. will be

located at Village Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil Dasuya, District-Hoshiarpur,

Punjab. Geo Co-ordinates of Project Site are Latitude 31038’34.56”N &

Longitude 75o38’49.84”E. It is also connected by road with Jalandhar (35 KM),

Tanda Urmur (3km). The total plot a is 27513 sqm and cost of project will be Rs

49 Crores.

2.2 Installed Capacity

Production Capacity

Total Production Capacity 0.5 MTPA (Million Ton Per Annum )

2.3 RAW MATERIALS

The major raw materials and their requirements are as under:

TABLE 2.1

DETAILS OF RAW MATERIALS

Raw

Materials Quantity Sources Transportation

Mode 1. Clinker

3,10,000 T

Cement plants in Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan and Pakistan

By road/ Rail

2. Gypsum

30, 000 T

Mineral gypsum from Rajasthan and import from Pakistan

By road/ Rail

3. Fly Ash

1,60,000 T Thermal Power plants Lehra Mohabbat, Punjab.

By Road,/ Rail

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FLY ASH/ SLAGFLY ASH/ SLAG

2.4 MACHINERY:

The details of major components are as under:-

List of machines:-

1. Belt Conveyor

2. Bucket Belt Elevator

3. Hopper with weighing scale

4. Ball mill

5. Separator

6. Cement storage silo

7. Packer

8. Loader

Fig- 2.1: PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

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2.5 MANUFACTURING PROCESS

The clinker is ground in Horizontal Ball Mills with an amount of gypsum

(3-5%) to a fine powder in order to regulate the setting time of cement and

to gain the most important property of cement, which is compressive

strength. These mills have three compartments and carry charges of

assorted sizes of steel grinding media (balls) weighing about 100 tons for

the smaller chamber and 600 tons in the larger chamber. To produce

different types of cement (e.g. Ordinary Portland Cement, OPC), the

required additives are ground with clinker and gypsum to a very fine

powder and then used as desired. Used in varying proportions, these

additions, which are of natural or industrial origin, give the cement specific

properties such as reduced permeability, greater resistance to sulfates and

aggressive environments, improved workability, or higher-quality finishes.

These Ball Mills grind the feed to a fine powder. The cement is ground to a

fineness of not less than 3000 square cm. per gram as determined by

measurement of the specific surface. The Mill discharge is then fed to an

elevator, which takes the material to a separator, which separates fine

product and the coarse. The latter is sent to the mill inlet for regrinding and

the fine product is stored in concrete silos. The cement stored in silos is

then packed and delivered in different ways, e.g. bagged or bulk, as per the

customer‘s requirement.

Blended Cement (OPC + Mineral Admixtures)

The blended cements will be manufactured by adding pozzolanic or

Cementitious materials like fly ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag

(GGBFS) or condensed silica fumes (CSF) to portland cement clinker and

Gypsum. Alternatively, these pozzolanic and cementitious materials will be

introduced into Portland cement concrete during concrete making

operations.

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General Features of use of mineral admixtures:

• Their use saves energy

• Conserve natural resources

Technical Benefits

• They affect the progress of hydration, reduce the water demand and

improve workability.

• The concrete containing GGBFS, on vibration becomes ‘mobile’ and

compacts well. Silica fumes greatly reduces, or even eliminates bleeding

• The particles of Pozzolanic Fly Ash (PFA) are spherical and thus improve

the workability.

• Their inclusion has the physical effect of modifying the flocculation of

cement, with a resulting reduction in the water demand.

• The pore size in concrete is smaller. The fine particles ‘fit in’ between

cement particles, thereby reducing permeability.

Advantages of using Blended Cement: The engineering benefits likely to

be derived from the use of mineral admixtures (blended cements and

cement + mineral admixtures can be used inter changingly) in concretes

are:

• Improved resistance to Thermal Cracking because of lower heat of

hydration

• Enhancement of Ultimate Strength

• Reduction in Permeability due to Pore Refinement

• Better durability to Chemical Attacks such as Chloride, Sulphate Water,

and Soil and Alkali- Aggregate expansion.

Quality Control: Various Quality Control (QC) tests are conducted on the

Raw Material, Semi Finished Product and Finished product, before the

material is given approval for Final Dispatch to the market (Quality

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Assurance). Routine checks and tests are carried out by Laboratory

Technicians to each phase of the production process so as to ensure that a

consistent high quality is maintained. It must be noted here that the

complete Cement Grinding process is controlled via various SQC

Parameters. Also the implementation of SAP at various stages of

procurement, manufacturing, storage and dispatch ensures uniform and

optimum quality of the

Final Product (QA: Quality Assurance).

Final Product: The final product i.e. OPC Grade Cement is extracted from

Silos and is conveyed to the Automatic Rotary Packers where it is packed

in standard 50 KG Cement Bags and thereafter the Ready for Dispatch

Cement Bags are symmetrically loaded onto dispatch trucks for further

transportation to the company warehouse / market.

Other Features:

The plant would incorporate the most modern control system using the

latest microprocessor based Dust Control System

Cooling water circuit is close circuited, whereby ensuring no generation of

waste water

The process, selected envisages re-cycling all the material collected in the

pollution control equipment whereby ensuring no generation of solid

waste.

The plant lay out is so arranged that the major production units are laid in a

straight line whereby minimizing / avoiding the various transfer points.

Capacity of the units is planned so as to minimize the number of

equipment.

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2.6 LAND

Total 6.8 Acres of land has been acquired at Village: Khakh, Khasra No.

2509, 2510, 2511, 2512, 2513, 2514, 2515, 2516, 2483, and 2484 for

establishment of proposed Cement Grinding unit. Land of the project site

is owned by Duratech Cements India Ltd.

2.7 POWER

The power demand for the proposed unit is about 4000 KW. It will be met

by sourcing the power from PSPCL from the nearby Sub-station. Details of

Energy balance is given below:

A. Total Load : 4000 KW

1. Power load : 3800 KW

2. Office lighting load : 150 KW

3. Street lighting load : 50 KW

B. Savings:-

1. Energy savers (@ 4% energy saving) : 152 KW

2. Use of CFL for inner lighting : 75 KW

(CFL of 20 W instead of 40 W tubes @ 50%)

3. Use of solar energy for street lighting : 50 KW

(100% replacement)

Total Saving : 277 KW

% saving : 6.9%

2.8 WATER SUPPLY

The water consumption for the unit will be for domestic and cooling etc.

For cooling water will be re-circulated and only makeup water of about 15

KLD is required for meeting the evaporation losses in the cooling circuit.

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21

In addition about 10 KLD water will be needed for about 125 workers

within the factory area. There will be no discharge of waste water from the

process. The total requirement of water will be about 25 KLD. Source of

water would be from ground water through a tube-well within the

Premises.

2.9 MANPOWER

The requirement of personnel for the proposed cement plant has been made

keeping in view of the following:

o Technical concept of plant, including process control and

instrumentation.

o Smooth and efficient operation of the plant.

o Effective co-ordination between the various departments within the

plant.

o Optimum organization will well defined and judicious job

distribution

o Optimum utilization of different grades of workmen and supervisory

staff and

o Maximum capacity of the facilities.

In all about 125 workers will be needed in the unit. The unit will operate

double shift.

2.10 WASTE HANDLING

There are no solid or liquid process wastes. Some waste from the toilets is

received which will be treated separately through STP and used within the

premises for plantation.

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22

CHAPTER-3.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS

3.1 PUNJAB STATE

Punjab is one of the progressive States in the Northern part of India. It

derives its name from five rivers which used to flow through the State

before partition of the Country in 1947 viz Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab, and

Jehlam. After partition two of the rivers i.e. Chenab and Jehlam went to

Pakistan Punjab and the other three remained in Indian Punjab. It has one of

the oldest irrigation systems of the country known as Sirhind Canal with

recent addition of Bhakhra Canal System. The economy of the State is

dependent mainly on Agriculture. It, alongwith Haryana, contributes about

50% food grains to the common pool of the country. Punjab has over 2.04

lakh small and medium industries and about 600 large scale industries. It

leads in the manufacture of machine and hand tools; printing and paper

cutting machinery; auto parts and electrical switch gear. The State also

provides more than 75% of the country's requirement for bicycles, sewing

machines, hosiery and sports goods. At par with the highest quality

standards in the world, these products have carved a niche for themselves in

markets across the globe.

It has also made big strides towards industrialization. A number of

Industrial areas have been developed by the State. Ludhiana, Jalandhar,

Amritsar and Mohali are famous for Large and Medium scale industrial

units. Many small Industrial areas & Focal Points have also been developed

in different towns for small scale units.

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23

3.2 HOSHIARPUR DISTRICT:

Hoshiarpur district is located in the north-east part of the State. It falls in

the Jalandhar Revenue Division and is situated in the Doaba region of the

State. The district is sub-mountainous and stretches of river Beas in the

north-west. It lies Latitude 31o38’37.92” N & Longitude 75o38’48.55” E. It

shares common boundaries with Kangra and Una districts of Himachal

Pradesh in the north east, Jalandhar, Nawansahar and Kapurthala districts

(interspersed) in south-west and Gurdaspur district in the north-west. At

present, it has an area of 3386 Sq. Kms. and a population, as per 2011

Census is 15, 86,625 persons.

3.3 PROJECT SITE

Proposed Cement Grinding Unit of M/s Duratech Cement India Ltd. will be

located at Village- Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil - Dasuya, Distt. Hoshiarpur,

Punjab. Geo Co-ordinates of Project Site are Latitude 31o38’37.92” N &

Longitude 75o38’48.55” E. Project site is about 3 kms from Tanda Urmur

& which is well connected by road and rail with rest of the country. NH-44

(Jalandhar-Pathankot road) is passing at a distance of 700-800m from

project site & is about 40 Km. from District Headquarter at Hoshiarpur.

Total area of the plot is 6.8 Acres.

Key Plan & Location of the project site with respect to other features is

shown is Fig. 3.1 & 3.2.

Location on Google Map, Layout plan and Location on Topo-Sheet of the

unit is given in Fig. 3.3, 3.4 and Fig. 3.5.

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24

Plant Site and Location Details TABLE 3.1

S.No Particulars Details

1 Location

a Village Khakh

b District Hoshiarpur

c State Punjab

d Latitude 31o38’37.92” North

e Longitude 75o38’48.55” East

2 Elevation 242 mts. (Approximately)

3 Land use at the project site Agricultural Land

4 Climatic Conditions

i) Temp. Min/ Max/ Average Min: 4 oC, Max: 45 oC

ii) Rainfall : Average 600 mm (Average)

iii) Relative Humidity, % Min: 23%, Max:80%

iv) Wind speed, km/hour (Avg.) 15 km (Approximately)

5 Nearest highway NH-44 (Jalandhar-Pathankot) (700-

800m)

6 Nearest railhead/Railway station Tanda Urmur (about 3 km)

7 Nearest airport Pathankot (about 60 Km)

8 Features within 10 kms

i) Defence installations within 10 Kms Nil

ii) Archaeological important places

within 10 Kms

Nil

iii) Wild life/ Elephant & Tiger reserve

sanctuaries within 10 Kms

Nil

iv) Reserved forest/Protected

forest/National Park within 10 km

radius

Nil

v) Industries Nil

vi) Rivers Black Bein river (5 Km)

vii) State boundary in 10-Km radius Nil

vii) Hill ranges Nil

9 Nearest Major City Hoshiarpur (40 Km)

10 Nearest Major Settlement Dasuya (18 Km)

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25

Project Site

Figure 3.1

KEY PLAN

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26

Figure 3.2

LOCATION PLAN

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27

Figure 3.3

500 mt radius Google map

31o38’37.92”-N 75o38’48.55”-E

31o38’33.08”-N 75o38’50.23”-E

31o38’44.07”-N 75o38’49.07”-E

31o38’43.62”-N 75o38’51.43”-E

31o38’33.36”-N 75o38’47.01”-E

__________________________________________________________________________


28

Figure 3.4 LAYOUT PLAN

__________________________________________________________________________


29

Figure- 3.5

10 KM RADIUS ON TOPO SHEET

PROJECT SITE

__________________________________________________________________________


30

3.4 CLIMATE:

The district has mild climate compared to other districts of the State. This is

due to the abundance of hilly terrain on the one hand and sizeable forest

covers thereon, on the other. Moreover, chain of check dams constructed

recently on the choes under “Kandi Watershed Development Project” has

appreciably enhanced water surface area in the district. This has made the

summer heights quite pleasant.

The pattern of seasons in the district is similar to other districts of the state,

except slight variations at the terminals and year may be divided into three

main seasons. The summer season sets in April and lasts up to end of June,

to be taken over by the rainy season when it becomes hot and sultry. The

rainy season sets in July beginning and lasts up to September end. The

winter season starts after the rains are over from October and lasts up to

March end. May and June are the hottest months when mercury may cross

45 degree C on some days. It is pleasantly hot. The months of December,

January and February are the months when winter is quite severe and

mercury may however around 50C and on some days it may touch 00C.

3.5 TEMPERATURE:

The district has mild climate compared to other districts of the State. December

and January are the coldest months whereas in May and June the heat is

quite intense. The wettest months of the seasons are July, August and

September. The temperature varies from about 4.3oC minimum to about

44.2oC maximum during the year. Monthly average temperatures of the

area are given in Table-3.2

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31

TABLE - 3.2

MONTHLY AVERAGE TEMPERATURE

Month

Mean Temperature (oC)

Daily Minimum

Daily Maximum

Jan 4.3 18.6

Feb 5.5 17.6

Mar 10.6 25.0

Apr 14.1 32.0

May 21.1 38.6

Jun 24.2 44.2

Jul 26.2 36.0

Aug 25.7 35.3

Sep 22.1 31.6

Oct 17.6 30.7

Nov 8.6 25.8

Dec 5.1 18.9

Source: IMD Chandigarh

Period: (2014)

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32

3.6 RAINFALL

The district receives precipitation in the form of rainfall, mainly during the

monsoon period from July to September. The minimum and maximum

rainfall in the district is 1200 to 1800 respectively. The average annual

rainfall in the district is about 600 mm. Monthly rainfall data for this zone

is given in Table-3.3

TABLE - 3.3

MONTHLY AVERAGE RAINFALL (in mm)

Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

2009 8.8 27.7 16.0 34.8 3.3 2.8 291.9 153.6 49.4 1.7 12.1 0.0

2010 5.8 8.1 0.4 0.0 16.4 34.3 263.7 195.3 107.0 34.8 0.6 26.9

2011 5.8 66.0 9.5 13.9 22.1 128.2 171.1 206.2 114.8 0.0 0.0 4.0

2012 84.4 3.6 4.7 20.3 0.5 9.7 130.8 67.3 107.7 0.5 0.2 12.8

2013 15.0 64.0 10.0 3.8 4.4 111.1 128.6 170.2 40.6 14.4 3.7 20.2

Source: IMD Chandigarh Period: (2009-2013)

__________________________________________________________________________


33

3.7 HUMIDITY

In summer months of April, May and June, which is the driest part of the

year, the afternoon humidity comes down to around 19 % to 22 % while the

relative humidity during monsoon months goes upto 70 % to 82 %.

Monthly humidity is given in Table-3.4

TABLE - 3.4

MONTHLY AVERAGE RELATIVE HUMIDITY

Months Relative humidity (%)

830* 1730*

January 76 61

February 74 46

March 56 40

April 34 24

May 22 19

June 35 28

July 75 61

August 82 70

September 74 63

October 60 52

November 60 49

December 75 58

Source: IMD Chandigarh

*Hours IST

__________________________________________________________________________


34

3.8 CLOUDINESS

During monsoon season skies are over cast with moderate to heavy clouds.

During rest of the year, the sky is mostly clear. It is lightly clouded

occasionally during winter season.

3.9 WINDS

The Wind direction in the area is mostly from South-West to North-East.

During January to May the winds are quite strong while July to October is

calm months.

3.10 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

The unit is proposed in the village Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil-Dasuya,

District- Hoshiarpur, Punjab and it’s an agricultural land. The nearest town

is Tanda Urmur which is about 3km from project site. Tehsil Dasuya is at a

distance of 18 Km. District Head Quarter i.e. Hoshiarpur is at a distance of

40 km.

3.11 PLACES OF TOURIST INTEREST

There are no major places of tourist interest near the plant.

3.12 SOIL

In general the soils are yellowish brown to dark brown in colour. These

range from calcareous sand to fine sandy loam to silt. Sand is mostly

cultivated well drained with estimated infiltration rate of 8-10 cm/hours.

3.13 DRAINAGE

The district is drained by two major rivers, Beas in the North and north

west and Satluj in the south. Besides, a number of small streams flow down

the Siwalik Hills which are debouching into plains spread in numerous

branches locally known as choes giving rise to fan shaped structure. During

__________________________________________________________________________


35

the monsoon period, these choes carry quantity of water as flash flood

along with considerable sand and silt.

3.14 LAND USE

Land use pattern means how the land is being used for various purposes. It

highlights the environmental quality of a particular area. It is an important

indicator of environmental health, intensity of human activity and degree of

interaction between the two. Land use pattern is significantly influenced by the

nature of soil, water availability and climatic conditions of the area. Data on

land use pattern of Hoshiarpur District have been collected to present baseline

status of the study area which falls in this District and is given in Table 3.5.

TABLE-3.5

LAND USE PATTERN OF HOSHIARPUR DISTRICT (‘000ha)

Total Geographical Area 340

Cultivable area 201

Forest area 108

Land under non-agricultural use 28

Permanent pastures 1

Cultivable wasteland <0.5

Land under Misc. tree crops and groves <0.5

Barren and uncultivable land 1

Current fallows <0.5

(Source:http://agricoop.nic.in/Agriculture%20Contingency%20Plan/Punjab/PUNJAB%204-Hoshiarpur%2030.04.2011.pdf)

__________________________________________________________________________


36

3.15 FOREST

Little forest cover could be found in the district of Hoshiarpur. No

endangered species have been sighted in the area. No Wildlife Sanctuary,

National Park, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, migratory routes of

birds, Protected Forest/ Reserved Forest exists within study area of 10 km

radius.

Flora and fauna:

Flora: Hoshiarpur is quite rich in flora as well with numerous varieties

found in its forests. The main trees found in the district are Phulahi, Kikar,

Drek, Shisham, Siris, Mulberry and Ber. Thick groves are found in borders

of the choes due to good soil quality. There are other trees grown for their

properties and usage. These include Aisam for fodder, Amla for pickle

making, Amaltas for tanning, Bahera for medical uses. Ber for its fruits and

hard woods that give protection to nearby crops. Other trees found in

Hoshiarpur region are Chill, Dhaman, Gauhin, Phaguri, Harar, Kakkar,

Jaman, Kamila, Maulsari, Lasura and Neem.

The shrubs mainly found in this region are Garna, Mendar and Basuti.

These shrubs are commonly used as firewood, for hedging and as manure.

Bamboo and Bambusa Bambos are the principal grasses in this district.

They are available in three viz. bans, nal and magar. The other varieties of

grass found are Kharkana, Kahi, Khabal, Bagar, Bui, Boru, Nara and

Bulrush.

Fauna: The district has huge forests and one wildlife reserve at Takhni

Rehmapur. In the Jungles, Partridges, Hare, Wild Boar and Hog Deer are

found with occasional spotting of Samber, Barking Deer and Spotted Deer.

There are sightings of Jungle Cat, Indian Mongoose, Indian Jackal, Fruit

Bat, Indian Porcupine and Nilgai in the forests of district. Hoshiarpur has

numerous varieties of residents and migratory birds including Plain Leaf

__________________________________________________________________________


37

Warbler, Brown Chiffchaff, Rose Finch, Yellow Headed Wagtail, European

Bee eater, Demoiselle Crane, Ruddy Shelduck, Pintail, White eyed

Pochard, Mallard and Gadwall

3.16 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC

SCENARIO:

Demography is one of the important pointers of environmental health of an

area. It includes description of demography, occupational pattern, available

basic amenities like housing, medical care, services, transportation,

education, water supply, roads, transport, etc.

Amenities prevalent in the study area have been extracted from the Census

of 2001 and site visits and it has been found that:-

Almost every village situated within the study area having Education facility, Medical facility, Drinking water and Electricity.

About 90-95% houses are pucca.

Most of the villages are approachable with metalled road.

As per census 2011, the significant demographic and socio economic

statistics of the district are summarized and given in Table 3.6:

TABLE-3.6

DESCRIPTION DISTT. HOSHIARPUR PUNJAB

Censes 2011 2011

Male Population 809,057 14639465

Female Population 777,568 13103873

Total Population 1586625 27743338

Sex Ratio 961 895

Density of Population/Km2 469 551

Literacy Rate: Total (%) 84.59 75.84

Ref: Census of India 2011.

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38

CHAPTER-4.0

ENVIRONEMNTAL BENCH MARK CONDITION IN THE STUDY AREA

4.1 General

Proposed Cement Grinding Unit at Village Khakh, PO- Tanda, Tehsil-

Dasuya, District-Hoshiarpur, Punjab. The firm has already acquired 6.8

acre of land. In order to assess the impact of the unit on the Environment, it

is necessary to know the existing level of various parameters & then

superimpose the effect of the units to know the end results of the same.

4.2 Population

The study area falls in district Hoshiarpur. The total population of the

district is about 1586625 persons in an area of 3386 sq kms.

4.3 Workers

People are mostly engaged in agriculture related activities. However, other

occupations are also practiced, although to a lesser degree.

4.4 Present Environment

Various Environmental factors as existing in the study area which are liable

to be affected by the activities have been assessed both quantitatively and

qualitatively. Following are the factors which are sensitive to the plant

activities.

i) Ambient Air

ii) Water Quality

iii) Soil and Agriculture

iv) Land use pattern

v) Demography and Socio-economic pattern

vi) Transport & Communications

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39

vii) Educational facility

Here we are describing the current status of ambient air, water and noise

quality.

4.4.1AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

An area of 10 km radius has been selected for study of various parameters.

The Status of Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area has been determined

by monitoring air quality at different Locations. The study area is a mix of

rural, industrial and agricultural area and the various sources of pollution

are dust arising from agricultural activities, vehicular traffic and industries.

Ambient air monitoring was carried out from April, 2015 to June, 2015. Sites

of the monitoring stations were kept keeping in view of the dominant wind

direction. Location of the monitoring stations for Ambient Air Quality is given

in Table 4.1 and shown in Fig. 4.1.The results are given in Table-4.2.

TABLE 4.1 AIR MONITORING STATIONS

S.No. Sample

code

Name of

village

Distance/

Direction

Coordinate

1. AA-1 Project site

--- Longitude: 75o38’37.92” E

Latitude: 31o 38’48.55” N

2. AA-2 Khokhar 2.5 Km/S Longitude: 75o38’57.07” E

Latitude: 31o37’15.74” N

3. AA-3 Jhanwan 4.5 Km/NE Longitude: 75o40’59.94” E


4 AA-4 Manpur 4.5 Km/

NW

Longitude: 75o36’43.57” E

Latitude: 31o 39’ 43.53” N

5 AA-5 Mirpur 7 Km/ SW Longitude: 75o34’33.27” E


6 AA-6 Tala 8.5 Km/

NW

Longitude: 75o35’26.20”E


__________________________________________________________________________


40

Figure 4.1

Ambient Air Monitoring Stations

__________________________________________________________________________


41

TABLE-4.2

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS (Average value)

(Source: Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory)

Project Site

S

No. DATE OF

MONITORING SO2

(µg/m3)

NOX

(µg/m3)

Pb

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

PM10

(µg/m3)

NICKEL

ng/m3

ARSENIC

ng/m3

O3

ug/m3

NH3

ug/m3

1. 06-04-2015 7.2 18.3 ND 0.58 41.1 82.3 ND ND 32 ND

2. 13-04-2015 6.9 18.6 ND 0.59 40.3 80.8 ND ND 31 ND

3. 20-04-2015 7.6 18.8 ND 0.58 38.5 83.5 ND ND 33 ND

4. 27-04-2015 6.8 19.3 ND 0.60 41.7 80.9 ND ND 32 ND

5. 04-05-2015 6.2 18.1 ND 0.59 42.6 81.6 ND ND 33 ND

6. 11-05-2015 7.1 18.5 ND 0.61 41.4 83.5 ND ND 31 ND

7. 18-05-2015 7.5 19.7 ND 0.60 41.8 80.8 ND ND 33 ND

8. 25-05-2015 8.1 20.2 ND 0.62 43.4 78.4 ND ND 32 ND

9. 01-06-2015 7.8 19.4 ND 0.64 39.5 81.8 ND ND 30 ND

10. 08-06-2015 7.2 19.6 ND 0.63 41.7 82.0 ND ND 32 ND

11. 15-06-2015 6.8 20.0 ND 0.61 43.9 81.9 ND ND 33 ND

12. 22-06-2015 6.5 19.8 ND 0.64 42.1 79.1 ND ND 33 ND

Minimum

Maximum

6.2

8.1

18.1

20.2

----- 0.58

0.64

38.5

43.9 78.4

83.5

---- ---- 30

33 ----

Permissible Limits 80 80 1 4 60 100 20 6 100 400

__________________________________________________________________________


42

Khokhar

S

No. DATE OF

MONITORING SO2

(µg/m3)

NOX

(µg/m3)

Pb

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

PM10

(µg/m3)

NICKEL

ng/m3

ARSENIC

ng/m3

O3

ug/m3

NH3

ug/m3

1. 06-04-2015 6.5 17.6 ND 0.57 41.8 81.5 ND ND 31 ND

2. 13-04-2015 7.1 18.1 ND 0.58 42.6 79.6 ND ND 30 ND

3. 20-04-2015 7.9 18.6 ND 0.60 41.3 82.4 ND ND 32 ND

4. 27-04-2015 6.4 19.1 ND 0.59 40.5 79.9 ND ND 31 ND

5. 04-05-2015 7.2 19.1 ND 0.61 41.6 80.1 ND ND 33 ND

6. 11-05-2015 6.9 18.6 ND 0.60 41.9 83.0 ND ND 31 ND

7. 18-05-2015 7.6 19.9 ND 0.58 42.7 82.8 ND ND 32 ND

8. 25-05-2015 8.2 21.4 ND 0.61 43.3 83.3 ND ND 31 ND

9. 01-06-2015 7.6 19.9 ND 0.62 41.6 80.8 ND ND 33 ND

10. 08-06-2015 7.5 19.8 ND 0.62 40.1 78.5 ND ND 31 ND

11. 15-06-2015 7.8 21.0 ND 0.64 39.8 79.4 ND ND 31 ND

12. 22-06-2015 6.9 19.9 ND 0.64 38.2 80.8 ND ND 33 ND

Minimum

Maximum

6.4

8.2

17.6

21.4

----- 0.57

0.64

38.2

43.3 78.5

83.3

---- ---- 30

33 ----


__________________________________________________________________________


43

Jhanwan

S

No. DATE OF

MONITORING SO2

(µg/m3)

NOX

(µg/m3)

Pb

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

PM10

(µg/m3)

NICKEL

ng/m3

ARSENIC

ng/m3

O3

ug/m3

NH3

ug/m3

1. 06-04-2015 6.5 16.5 ND 0.56 39.5 77.1 ND ND 28 ND

2. 13-04-2015 7.0 15.8 ND 0.55 38.9 76.8 ND ND 29 ND

3. 20-04-2015 6.1 16.3 ND 0.54 40.8 78.5 ND ND 27 ND

4. 27-04-2015 5.7 16.8 ND 0.55 41.1 79.1 ND ND 28 ND

5. 04-05-2015 7.0 16.4 ND 0.54 39.4 78.9 ND ND 28 ND

6. 11-05-2015 7.1 16.7 ND 0.56 39.1 77.1 ND ND 30 ND

7. 18-05-2015 6.9 17.0 ND 0.56 40.2 76.5 ND ND 28 ND

8. 25-05-2015 7.0 16.8 ND 0.57 39.4 78.0 ND ND 28 ND

9. 01-06-2015 6.2 16.1 ND 0.59 39.7 77.8 ND ND 29 ND

10. 08-06-2015 5.5 17.5 ND 0.58 39.1 78.2 ND ND 30 ND

11. 15-06-2015 5.1 17.1 ND 0.58 40.1 80.1 ND ND 28 ND

12. 22-06-2015 5.2 15.9 ND 0.57 39.5 77.6 ND ND 30 ND

Minimum

Maximum

5.1

7.1

15.8

17.5

----- 0.54

0.59

38.9

41.1 76.5

80.1

---- ---- 27

30 ----


__________________________________________________________________________


44

Manpur

S

No. DATE OF

MONITORING SO2

(µg/m3)

NOX

(µg/m3)

Pb

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

PM10

(µg/m3)

NICKEL

ng/m3

ARSENIC

ng/m3

O3

ug/m3

NH3

ug/m3

1. 09-04-2015 6.2 15.7 ND 0.54 37.1 76.6 ND ND 27 ND

2. 16-04-2015 5.4 16.2 ND 0.55 39.4 77.1 ND ND 27 ND

3. 23-04-2015 7.1 15.9 ND 0.54 40.2 76.3 ND ND 28 ND

4. 30-04-2015 5.2 16.3 ND 0.54 38.8 77.5 ND ND 29 ND

5. 07-05-2015 5.6 15.5 ND 0.56 37.9 76.7 ND ND 29 ND

6. 14-05-2015 5.8 16.1 ND 0.55 38.5 79.2 ND ND 27 ND

7. 21-05-2015 6.0 15.2 ND 0.55 37.5 76.8 ND ND 29 ND

8. 28-05-2015 6.2 15.9 ND 0.54 38.8 76.9 ND ND 28 ND

9. 05-06-2015 5.7 15.9 ND 0.56 40.4 79.1 ND ND 29 ND

10. 12-06-2015 6.2 17.2 ND 0.57 39.1 80.0 ND ND 27 ND

11. 19-06-2015 5.9 16.7 ND 0.56 38.9 77.3 ND ND 29 ND

12. 26-06-2015 5.1 15.9 ND 0.56 37.2 78.8 ND ND 28 ND

Minimum

Maximum

5.1

7.1

15.2

17.2

----- 0.54

0.57

37.1

40.4 76.3

80.0

---- ---- 27

29 ----


__________________________________________________________________________


45

Mirpur

S

No. DATE OF

MONITORING SO2

(µg/m3)

NOX

(µg/m3)

Pb

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

PM10

(µg/m3)

NICKEL

ng/m3

ARSENIC

ng/m3

O3

ug/m3

NH3

ug/m3

1. 09-04-2015 5.9 15.4 ND 0.54 36.3 76.1 ND ND 28 ND

2. 16-04-2015 6.2 15.7 ND 0.54 38.6 74.3 ND ND 29 ND

3. 23-04-2015 5.4 14.8 ND 0.56 37.6 75.4 ND ND 27 ND

4. 30-04-2015 5.8 16.1 ND 0.55 38.1 76.6 ND ND 27 ND

5. 07-05-2015 5.3 15.4 ND 0.55 37.7 77.1 ND ND 29 ND

6. 14-05-2015 5.6 16.3 ND 0.54 39.1 76.3 ND ND 29 ND

7. 21-05-2015 4.8 15.0 ND 0.56 38.3 76.6 ND ND 28 ND

8. 28-05-2015 5.1 16.2 ND 0.55 38.7 80.0 ND ND 27 ND

9. 05-06-2015 5.6 15.4 ND 0.58 39.5 76.2 ND ND 27 ND

10. 12-06-2015 5.7 15.6 ND 0.56 40.1 79.7 ND ND 28 ND

11. 19-06-2015 5.8 15.1 ND 0.57 38.7 77.5 ND ND 28 ND

12. 26-06-2015 6.1 14.8 ND 0.58 37.9 76.8 ND ND 28 ND

Minimum

Maximum

4.8

6.2

14.8

16.3

----- 0.54

0.58

36.3

40.1 74.3

80.0

---- ---- 27

29 ----


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46

Tala

S

No. DATE OF

MONITORING SO2

(µg/m3)

NOX

(µg/m3)

Pb

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

PM2.5

(µg/m3)

PM10

(µg/m3)

NICKEL

ng/m3

ARSENIC

ng/m3

O3

ug/m3

NH3

ug/m3

1. 09-04-2015 4.9 15.0 ND 0.52 36.5 72.3 ND ND 27 ND

2. 16-04-2015 5.2 14.5 ND 0.53 37.1 74.0 ND ND 28 ND

3. 23-04-2015 4.2 15.1 ND 0.54 36.8 75.8 ND ND 29 ND

4. 30-04-2015 4.7 14.8 ND 0.53 36.7 74.4 ND ND 27 ND

5. 07-05-2015 5.3 14.3 ND 0.53 36.3 74.7 ND ND 27 ND

6. 14-05-2015 4.9 14.2 ND 0.52 36.9 75.6 ND ND 27 ND

7. 21-05-2015 4.6 14.0 ND 0.54 38.1 75.4 ND ND 28 ND

8. 28-05-2015 4.9 14.1 ND 0.53 36.8 74.8 ND ND 28 ND

9. 05-06-2015 5.0 13.8 ND 0.52 37.3 73.0 ND ND 29 ND

10. 12-06-2015 4.9 14.6 ND 0.54 36.5 75.5 ND ND 27 ND

11. 19-06-2015 4.7 14.2 ND 0.53 36.7 74.7 ND ND 27 ND

12. 26-06-2015 4.8 14.5 ND 0.54 37.7 75.8 ND ND 28 ND

Minimum

Maximum

4.2

5.3

13.8

15.1

----- 0.52

0.54

36.3

38.1 72.3

75.8

---- ---- 27

29 ----


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47

TABLE-4.3

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ABSTRACT

Station Code

Name of the Station

Range Average

PM10

µg/m3

PM2.5

µg/m3

SO2

µg/m3

NOx µg/m3

CO mg/m3

O3

µg/m3 AA1 Project Site Range

Average

78.4-83.5

80.95

38.5-43.9

41.2

6.2-8.1

7.15

18.1-20.2

19.15

0.58-0.64

0.61

30-33

31.5

AA2 Khokhar Range

Average

78.5-83.3

80.9

38.2-43.3

40.75

6.4-8.2

7.3

17.6-21.4

19.5

0.57-0.64

0.60

30-33

31.5

AA3 Jhanwan Range

Average

76.5-80.1

78.3

38.9-41.1

40

5.1-7.1

6.1

15.8-17.5

16.65

0.54-0.59

0.56

27-30

28.5

AA4 Manpur Range

Average

76.3-80.0

78.1

37.1-40.4

38.7

5.1-7.1

6.1

15.2-17.2

16.2

0.54-0.57

0.55

27-29

28

AA5 Mirpur Range

Average

74.3-80.0

77.15

36.3-40.1

38.2

4.8-6.2

5.5

14.8-16.3

15.55

0.54-0.58

0.56

27-29

28

AA6 Tala Range

Average

72.3-75.8

74.05

36.3-38.1

37.2

4.2-5.3

4.75

13.8-15.1

14.45

0.52-0.54

0.53

27-29

28

*Pb, As, Ni, PAH is Not Detectable in the study area.

The monitoring of Ambient Air has been undertaken from April, 2015 to

June, 2015 as per CPCB guidelines.

__________________________________________________________________________


48

TABLE-4.4

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF PM10, PM2.5, SO2 AND NOx IN

STUDY AREA

PM10 Range (µg/m3) Frequency Cumulative

Frequency % Cumulative

Frequency

72.30-73.42 2 2 2.78 73.42-74.54 3 5 6.90 74.54-75.66 7 12 16.67 75.66-76.78 11 23 31.94 76.78-77.90 13 36 50.00 77.90-79.02 7 43 59.72 79.02-80.14 12 55 76.38 80.14-81.26 5 60 83.33 81.26-82.38 6 66 91.66 82.38-83.50 6 72 100

72

P98 = 81.5

PM2.5

Range (µg/m3) Frequency Cumulative Frequency

% Cumulative Frequency

36.30-37.06 9 9 12.50 37.06-37.82 8 17 23.60 37.82-38.58 8 25 34.72 38.58-39.34 11 36 50.00 39.34-40.10 12 48 66.67 40.10-40.86 6 54 75.00 40.86-41.62 6 60 83.33 41.62-42.38 6 66 91.67 42.38-43.14 3 69 95.83 43.14-43.90 3 72 100

72

P98 = 43.53

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49

SO2

Range (µg/m3) Frequency Cumulative

Frequency % Cumulative

Frequency

4.20 – 4.60 2 2 4.2 4.60 – 5.00 9 11 15.2 5.00 – 5.40 10 21 25 5.40 – 5.80 10 31 36.11 5.80– 6.20 11 42 52.77 6.20 – 6.60 4 46 52.77 6.60– 7.00 9 55 55.55 7.00 – 7.40 7 62 75 7.40 – 7.80 7 69 91.66 7.80 – 8.20 3 72 100

72

P98 = 7.88

NOx

Range (µg/m3) Frequency Cumulative Frequency

% Cumulative Frequency

13.80 – 14.56 8 8 11.11 14.56 – 15.32 9 17 23.61 15.32 – 16.08 13 30 41.67 16.08 – 16.84 14 44 61.11 16.84 – 17.60 5 49 68.05 17.60– 18.36 3 52 72.22 18.36 – 19.12 7 59 81.94 19.12 – 19.88 6 65 90.27 19.88 – 20.64 5 70 97.22

20.64-21.40 2 72 100 72

P98 = 20.7

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50

4.4.2 Ambient Air Quality Status 4.4.2.1 Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)

As is evident from the data, PM10 concentration observed in the study area

during April- June, 2015 is minimum of 72.3µg/m3 at Tala and maximum of

83.3 µg/m3 at Project Site. P98 remained as 81.5 µg/m3 during this period.

4.4.2.2 Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Table 4.3 gives the PM2.5 levels concentration at different monitoring

stations. It was minimum of 38.1 µg/m3 at village Tala and maximum of

43.9 µg/m3 at Project Site. P98 remained as 43.53 µg/m3 during this period.

4.4.2.3 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

The SO2 levels at various monitoring stations ranged from 4.2 to 8.1 µg/m3.

It would be seen that the SO2 levels are quite low in the area. The 98th

percentile value for SO2 has been determined as 7.88 µg/m3. The situation

in the study area as far as SO2 concentration is concerned is comfortable.

4.4.2.4 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)

P98 remained as 20.7 µg/m3 during this period.

4.4.3 CONCLUSIONS

The Ambient Air Quality Monitoring in the study area shows that:

i) P-98 of PM10 and PM2.5 respectively are well within the NAAQ standards of

100 and 60µg/m3 respectively.

ii) The levels of SO2 are much below the desired limits of 80µg/m3 P 98 is 7.88

µg/m3.

iii) The levels of NOx are also below the desired limits of 80µg/m3 P 98 is 20.7

µg/m3.

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51

4.4.4 WATER QUALITY

Water quality of ground as well as surface resources in the study area has

been studied for assessing the water environment and to evaluate the

anticipated impact of the project. The monitoring locations have been

identified considering drainage pattern, population and croplands and likely

areas that represent base line conditions. Location of the monitoring stations

for Ground and Surface Water is given in Table 4.5 (a), (b) and shown in Fig.

4.2 (a), (b).The results are given in Table-4.6 (a), (b).

TABLE-4.5 (a)

DETAILS OF GROUND WATER MONITORING STATIONS

S.No. Name Source

1. Project Site Tube-well

2. Khokhar Tube-well 3. Jhanwan Tube-well

4. Manpur Tube-well

5. Mirpur Tube-well

6. Tala Tube-well

TABLE-4.5 (b)

DETAILS OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATIONS

S.No.

Name

Source

1. Kali Bein (near Rasulpur)

River Water

2. Kali Bein (near Mirpur) River Water

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52

Figure 4.2 (a) Ground Water Monitoring Stations

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53

Figure 4.2 (b)

Surface Water Monitoring Stations

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54

TABLE-4.6 (a)

RESULTS OF WATER SAMPLES (mg/l except pH)

Ground Water

Characteristic

GW-1 (Project Site)

GW-2 (Khokhar)

GW-3 (Jhanwan)

GW-4 (Manpur)

GW-5 (Mirpur)

GW-6 (Tala)

Colour, Hazen unit <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5

Turbidity, NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

pH 7.25 7.35 7.14 7.41 7.37 7.20

Total Hardness (as CaCO3) 170 140 130 190 100 110

TDS 228 210 225 263 175 178

Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) 168 156 146 200 125 132

Iron (as Fe) 0.18 0.09 0.13 0.21 0.13 0.09

Chloride (as CI) 22 10 12 14 4.98 12

Nitrate (as NO3) 10 15 12 10 8.9 10

Calcium (as Ca) 44 36 32 48 24 20

Fluoride (as F) 0.87 1.1 1.4 0.98 1.1 0.56

Magnesium 14.4 12 12 16.8 9.6 14.4

Sulphate (as SO4) 28 30 32 39 28 26

Arsenic ND ND ND ND ND ND

Copper (as Cu) ND ND ND ND ND ND

Lead (as Pb) ND ND ND ND ND ND

Cyanide (as CN) ND ND ND ND ND ND

Zinc (as Zn) ND ND ND ND ND ND

Aluminum (as Al) ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chromium (as Cr) ND ND ND ND ND ND

Ecoli/100 ml Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

Coliforms/100 ml Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

__________________________________________________________________________


55

4.4.5 Ground Water Quality:

It has been seen from the results that:

1. pH varies from 7.2-7.34 which is the acceptable limits for potable water.

2. Calcium varies from 20 to 48 mg/l. The highest value was observed at

Village Manpur.

3. Magnesium varies from 9.6 to 16.8 mg/l. The highest value was observed at

village Manpur.

4. Chloride concentration which is also one of the important parameters varies

from 4.98 to 22 mg/l. It was found maximum at Project site and minimum

at Mirpur.

5. Heavy metals like Chromium, Lead, and Zinc were much below the

permissible limit in all the samples.

6. Iron varies from 0.09 to 0.21 mg/l.

7. Sulphates vary from 26 to 39 mg/l.

4.4.6 CONCLUSION

All the above parameters at the various locations in the study area are

within permissible and tolerable limits for drinking. The underground water

in the area is thus potable.

In the study area since the samples have been collected from different sites

at isolated places, the level of concentration and different elements vary

quite considerably which may be due to small aquifers. However, the levels

of the various components are within acceptable / permissible norms for

drinking water.

__________________________________________________________________________


56

TABLE-4.6 (b)

RESULTS OF WATER SAMPLES (mg/l except pH) Surface Water

Characteristic SW-1 Kali Bein (near Rasulpur)

Upstream Downstream

Colour, Hazen unit < 5.00 < 5.00

pH 7.7 7.6

Turbidity, on NTU 8 9

Total Hardness (as CaCO3) 108 110

TDS 240 241

Alkalinity 114 113

Sulphate (as SO4) 32 33

Calcium (as Ca) 30.4 31

Magnesium (as Mg) 7.68 7.4

Total Phosphate (as P) 0.421 0.424

Nitrate 0.812 0.815

TKN 1.384 1.388

Iron (as Fe) 0.08 0.08

Free Ammonia 0.034 0.035

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57

Characteristic SW-2 Kali Bein (near Mirpur)

Upstream Downstream

Colour, Hazen unit < 5.00 < 5.00

pH 7.5 7.4

Turbidity, on NTU 7 8

Total Hardness (as CaCO3) 108 110

TDS 216 220

Alkalinity 114 112

Sulphate (as SO4) 32 33

Calcium (as Ca) 24 22

Magnesium (as Mg) 9.6 9.5

Total Phosphate (as P) 0.422 0.425

Nitrate 0.813 0.815

TKN 1.385 1.386

Iron (as Fe) 0.08 0.09

Free Ammonia 0.034 0.038

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58

4.4.7 Ambient Noise Quality

The acoustical environment varies dynamically in magnitude and character

throughout most communities. The noise level variation can be temporal,

spectral and spatial. The residential noise level is that level below which the

ambient noise does not seem to drop down during the given interval of time

and is generally characterized by unidentified sources. Ambient noise level

is characterized by significant variations above a base or a residential noise

level. The maximum impact of noise is felt in urban areas which are mostly

due to the commercial activities and vehicular movement during peak hours

of the day.

From environment point of view, higher noise levels may affect health of

human beings and disturbance to animals if they are close to the noise

generating sources.

Measurement of noise levels in the study area at several locations has been

carried out to determine the existing noise levels to subsequently

superimpose increment in noise levels due to the setting up of proposed

unit.

Noise levels recorded at each station are computed for Equivalent noise

levels. Equivalent noise level is a single number descriptor for describing

time varying noise levels. Location of noise monitoring station is given in

Fig. 4.3.

Details of noise monitoring stations and equivalent noise levels are shown

in Table 4.7. Noise levels in the study area vary from 45 dB (A) to 52 dB

(A) at day time. The highest levels were observed at Project Site.

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59

TABLE-4.7

NOISE LEVEL RESULTS

S.No. SITE NOISE LEVEL, dB (A)

Day(06:00am-10:00pm) Night(10:00pm-06:00am)

1. Project Site

52 38

2. Khokhar 51 38

3. Jhanwan 48 37

4. Manpur 47 35

5. Mirpur 47 34

6. Tala 45 32

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60

Figure 4.3

Noise Monitoring Station

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61

CHAPTER-5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT &

MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1 GENERAL

Impact of the project on various Environmental factors as existing in the

project area which possibly could be affected both adversely and

beneficially by the activities have been assessed & identified as under.

(i) Ambient Air

(ii) Water Quality

(iii) Noise

(iv) Land use pattern

(v) Demography and socio-economic pattern.

Mitigation measures to minimize the adverse effects to acceptable /

permissible limits have also been discussed.

5.2 PROBABLE IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT

Broadly the impacts may be classified in two categories as under:-

i) Short term - during construction/development stage

ii) Long term - during operational stage.

Both these categories have been considered while predicting and evaluating

the impacts as given herein after:-

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62

5.3 DEVELOPMENT STAGE: - (SHORT TERM)

This is a construction phase of the project and the impacts are temporary

due to construction related activities which are as under:-

i) Air Environment

There is no manufacturing machinery working during this phase as such no

point source air pollution is expected. The only source will be the dust

generation due to excavation, construction and plying of vehicles. Some

emission may be expected from burning of bitumen during lying of roads

and from vehicles plying in the area for transportation of material etc. Since

the area of the plant is very small there will not be any significant effect on

the overall air environment of the area.

ii) Water Environment

Requirement of water during construction will be about 10m3/day and there

will be no discharge as the same will be used completely. However, during

monsoon some malba etc may get washed due to run off from the site.

There is a natural nalha near the land which takes the entire run off from the

area.

Labour during construction is not very large. Hardly about 40 persons may

be working on an average that may be using water for drinking and bathing

etc. A septic tank shall be provided for the labour with toilet facilities

during working hours.

In view of this there is no likely hood of any significant impact on the

general environment of water in the area.

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63

iii) Noise Environment

Some noise may be expected from the working of the machinery for

construction purpose and movement of vehicles. Steps will be taken to

reduce its effect by resorting to staggering of various operations. Even

otherwise since there will not be any large scale machinery; the activity is

not likely to have any significant effect on the overall noise environment.

iv) Land Environment

The land at site is fairly level as such no leveling is required. In view of this

no deterioration of the existing conditions will occur. Natural drainage will

not be disturbed. Solid waste from construction activities will be used

within the premises under roads & refilling. The area being very small there

will not be any significant impact on land.

v) Demography & Socio Economic Pattern

The project does not involve any displacement of population or

rehabilitation of any kind within study area. Rather it will provide

employment to local people in the shape of additional man power required

for the units, & will boost the economy of the area. It will have some

positive impact, although not to a large extent.

5.4 OPERATIONAL STAGE: - (LONG TERM)

After completion, when the unit starts production, the operational impacts

on the various parameters are considered as under:-

i) Ambient Air Environment Impact on ambient air quality at site and in the immediate neighborhood could be attributed to the following sources of emissions.

SPM/ Dust Emission from grinding process

D.G. Sets emission.

__________________________________________________________________________


64

Exhaust gases from the grinding section shall be passed through APCD and

then released to atmosphere. In the grinding unit the raw material along

with clinker shall be grinded in closed operation. However, bag filter shall

be provided to arrest any SPM coming out of the grinding unit. Flue gas

from the DG Sets will pass through a chimney and the final gas will be

within permissible limits. Thus air environment is not likely to be affected

significantly.

Existing PM10 level in the study area varies from 72.3 to 83.3 µg/m3 & P98

is 81.5 µg/m3. DG sets have been provided chimneys of adequate height as

per CPCB Norms. There are no process emissions as all the manufacturing

processes are closed circuits. However, APCD like Bag filters will be

provided to arrest particulate matter.

ii) Water Environment

The domestic use of water will be about 10m3/day and it will be treated through

S.T.P. It will be used for plantation within the premises. Treated effluent will not

be thrown in any water body. Thus water environment is not likely to be affected.

Further, ground water will be balanced through recharge by rain water harvesting

from the roof top through recharge wells. Thus pressure on underground water

will be reduced.

iii) Land Environment:

About 6.8 acre land has been acquired for the unit. The land is uncultivated

as such there will be no adverse effect on the land environment with the

coming up of the unit.

iv) Noise Environment:

There will be some noise producing machinery or equipment. The D.G. Set

will be placed in acoustically sound proof room causing least disturbance in

the area. There is no likely hood of change in noise environment

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65

v) Socio Economic

Social aspects can be defined as the consequences to people of any

proposed action that changes the way they live, work, relate to one another,

organize themselves and function as individuals and members of society.

This includes social-psychological changes, for example to people’s values,

attitudes and perceptions of themselves and their community and

environment.

Sometimes impact on people can be by far the most important

consideration. Adverse social impacts can reduce the intended benefits of a

proposal, and can threaten its viability if they are severe enough.

Broadly social and economic aspects could be as under:-

1 Individual Life Style – These are ways people behave & relate to

family, friends & cohorts on day to day basis.

2 Community aspects- These are infrastructure, services, voluntary

organizations, activity networks and cohesion.

3 Health aspects- These include mental, physical and social wellbeing of

the persons in general

4 Rehabilitation and Resettlement- These include displacement of

families beyond defined thresholds. There are no rehabilitation and

resettlement of people.

It is a new cement grinding unit. It does not directly or indirectly interfere in

the life of the people in the study area especially with respect to the aspects

mentioned above. There will not be any adverse impact on them due to this

project. The project will provide direct & indirect employment to local

people in the field of running plants and maintenance of machinery, APCD &

security etc. Thus it will have positive effect on the employment potential

in the area.

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66

5.5 CONCLUSION

It can be seen from the assessment of impacts that the proposed construction

and operation of unit will not have any significant impact on the surrounding

environment. Proper arrangements for collection and treatment of effluents

and supply of water are unlikely to affect water environment adversely.

Proper pollution control measures proposed for grinding unit and disposal of

hazardous waste would ensure that air, water, solid waste and noise

environment do not have any adverse impact. It is concluded that with the

adoption of appropriate mitigation and enhancement measures, there will be

improvement in the development of commercial activities, generation of

direct and indirect employment opportunities and the overall quality of life in

the surrounding area.

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67

CHAPTER - 6.0

ENVIROMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

No project can succeed unless it is monitored at regular intervals & results

analyzed. Keeping this requirement in view an elaborate Monitoring

programme has been developed for this project. Regular monitoring of all

significant environmental parameters will be carried out to check the

compliance status vis-à-vis the environmental laws and regulations. The

objectives of the monitoring will be as follows:

To verify the results of the Impact Assessment Study with respect to the

proposed projects.

To study the trend of concentrated values of the parameters, which have

been identified as critical and then planning the mitigating measures.

To check and assess the efficacy of pollution control equipment.

To ensure that any additional parameters, other than those identified in the

impact, do not turn critical after the commissioning of proposed project.

A comprehensive Environmental Monitoring Program that has been

prepared for the purpose of implementation in the proposed Industrial unit

is given below:

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan

S.No Item Parameters to be checked Frequency

1 Ambient Air RSPM, NOX Silica & SO2 Every six months

2 Vehicles PUC Every Quarter

3 Noise Level dB (A) Once in a year

4 Ground water As per IS 10500 Once in a year

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68

All the above observations will be compiled and documented to serve the

following purposes.

Identification of any environmental problems that are occurring in the

area.

Initiating or providing solution to those problems through designated

channels and verification of the implementation status.

Controlling activities inside the project, until the environmental problem

has been corrected.

Suitably responding to emergency situations.

To implement the EMP, a structured Environment Management Cell

(EMC) interwoven with the existing management system will be created.

EMC will undertake regular monitoring of the environment and conduct

yearly audit of the environmental performance during the construction of

the project. It will also check that the stipulated measures are being

satisfactorily implemented and operated. It shall also co-ordinate with local

authorities to see that all environmental measures are well coordinated.

Environment Management Cell:

The Environment Management Cell shall include:

Representative of Management (Head of Environment Cell)

Process Incharge

Incharge Maintenance Department

A representative of Environmental Consultants

The cell shall be constituted immediately at the start of the project so that

appropriate actions to protect the Environment are taken from the very

beginning. All actions taken by the cell shall be documented.

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69

Table 6.2

EXPENDITURE ON ENVIRONMENTALMEASURES

Cost of various Environment protection measures is indication as under

S. No Title Capital Cost Rs. Lacs

Recurring Cost Rs. Lacs (Annum)

1. Air Pollution Control (APCDs)

75.0 10.0

2. Landscaping and Green Belt Development

10.0 2.0

3. Environment Monitoring and Management

10.0 1.5

4. Sewage treatment Plant 10.0 1.0

Total 105.0 14.5

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70

CHAPTER-7.0 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Corporate social responsibility is the commitment of businesses to

contribute to sustainable economic development by working with the

employees, their families, local community & society at large to improve

their lives in ways that are good for business as well as overall

development. It is a voluntary activity of a company that supports social

interests & environmental issues. It is a principle through which the

business houses contribute to the welfare of the society & not only

maximize their profits. CSR, in fact, is about business giving back to the

society.

As late as 1990s even when pollution control related legislations were in

place, Indian Corporate Sector used to consider any actions related to

pollution control as discharge of their social responsibility. Only when

Supreme Court of India pronounced “Polluter Pays Principle” & some of

the courts came down heavily on Polluters for their inaction to control

pollution at several locations, the Corporate Sector felt that it was their

legal responsibility to abide by laws of the land. Industries have now

realized that it pays to be proactive on the environmental management front

including corporate social responsibility. This obligation is seen to extend

beyond the statutory obligation to comply with legislation & sees

organizations voluntarily taking further steps to improve the quality of life

of employees, their families & society at large. Social includes economic &

environmental responsibilities also. Some of the large enterprises have

created some kind of institutional frame work, educational & health care

programs in the form of schools, colleges, training centers, public

healthcare & hospitals etc. Some business houses provide financial aid to

some other agencies for specific programs or as donations to them who take

__________________________________________________________________________


71

up works relating to the social uplift of the society in general & for the

weaker section in particular.

Some of the CSR related activities are summarized as follows:-

(i) Sustainable livelihood creation – Promoting micro entrepreneurship

through skill development, market linkages & women’s economic

empowerment.

(ii) Education – Setting up schools, colleges, curriculum development, teacher

training & community involvement.

(iii) Health care – Healthcare awareness camps & setting up hospitals &

dispensaries in areas where these are deficient.

(iv) Community initiative – Need based services, project/programs for

disadvantage youth, illiterate adults, socially & economically deprived

sections of the society & women self help groups.

(v) Rural development – Water management, housing, sheds, waste land,

agriculture & animal husbandry, genetic improvement & model village

development with all basic amenities.

(vi) Infrastructure developments – Roads, drinking water & sanitation etc.

In addition sewage management & solid waste management especially in

urban areas where local self-govt. have resource crunch could also be taken

up under CSR which could bring a complete revolution in the country.

For CSR a corpus of about 0.5% of the project cost i.e. Rs. 49 Cr. shall be

created and following activities shall be taken up from its interest during

the entire life of the project.

(0.5% of 49 Cr ≈ 25 lacs)

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72

Table 7.1 DETAIL OF CSR AND ITS TIME BOUND IMPLEMENTATION

Name of the

Village Welfare action Plan Estimated

Cost (Rs Lacs)

Khakh Environmental education cum awareness campaign through audio/video in the village and School of the village once a year.

1.0

Health check up camps including vision, audiometry, spirometry, respiratory disorders and free medicines whenever required once a year.

3.0

Purified drinking water and separate toilets in the schools and their upkeep. Free medical treatment to very poor patients as recommended by Hospital

3.0

Total

7.0

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73

CHAPTER-8.0

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 GENERAL

Environment Management Plan (E.M.P) in a project is prepared to mitigate

the possible adverse effect of various activities on the existing

environmental factors, during construction as well as in operational stages,

to avoid their deterioration, if any. It is desirable that necessary steps are

taken right from the beginning of the project to be more effective. As a

social and moral obligation on the part of everybody it becomes our

bounden duty to leave our environment to the next generation in a state at

least what we inherited from our ancestors, if not in a better condition.

E.M.P. for this project has been prepared keeping in view the existing

conditions and likely changes which may occur due to the proposed project.

The implementation and monitoring of different control measures have also

been covered. These are discussed as under:-

8.2 EMP FOR AIR ENVIRONMENT:

During construction stage water will be sprinkled on the soil to avoid dust

generation. The debris and unused construction malbas shall be removed

immediately for recycling, if any, or for land fill.

Bag filters shall be provided to arrest SPM to keep it within permissible

limits. All vehicles for service activities at the project site shall be checked

for vehicular emission. The agencies will be asked to keep them within

prescribed limits. They will also be asked to maintain them properly.

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After the project comes under operation, a chimney of suitable height shall

be provided for the D.G.Set to control the G.L.C. of S.P.M., SO2, & NOx

levels.

Extensive tree plantation shall be resorted to for further improving the air

environment in general and minimize noise levels.

8.3 EMP FOR WATER ENVIRONMENT:

Drinking water shall be drawn from a tube-well installed in the factory area

and distributed through an Over Head Service Reservoir. This will all be a

closed system. During construction septic tank shall be provided for the

labour with toilet facilities for daily use. Waste water from the toilets shall

be taken to S.T.P. through underground delivery system and treated upto

tertiary level. Treated water will be completely used within the premises for

tree plantation, landscaping, parks and recycling for flushing etc. to reduce

withdrawal. It will not be thrown outside either on land or in any water

body.

Roof top Rain Water shall be harvested and used for ground water recharge

to minimize effect of withdrawal of water from the underground.

8.4 EMP FOR LAND ENVIRONMENT:

To avoid erosion of the top soil the development is planned in the shortest

possible time and land-clearing activity shall be kept to the absolute

minimum by working at the specific sites one by one where construction is

to take place so as to increase detention and infiltration.

The activities that result in soil being laid bare shall be scheduled in such a

way that some type of vegetative cover appropriate to the site shall be

established prior to onset of monsoons. Natural waterways/drainage pattern

shall be maintained by providing culverts where needed.

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The requirements of sand and aggregates for the construction works will be

supplied by venders. The land use is thus so planned that there is minimum

adverse impact.

8.5 EMP FOR SOLID WASTE

The solid waste generated from the construction activities shall be

effectively recycled within the project. Recyclable shall be sold to vendors.

The other solid wastes shall be dumped in a dumping pit of R.C.C.

construction and disposed off in the designated land fill places.

8.6 GREEN BELT:

The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the

source of pollution and the surrounding areas. The green belt helps to

capture the fugitive emission and to attenuate the noise generated, apart

from improving the aesthetics. Development of green belt and other forms

of greenery shall also prevent soil erosion and washing away of topsoil

besides helping in stabilizing the functional ecosystem and further, to make

the climate more conducive and to restore water balance. It is also

presumed that the selected plants will be grown as per normal horticultural

(or forestry) practice and authorities responsible for plantation will also

make sure that adequate provision for watering and protection of the

saplings exists at site.

The landscaping and green belt will be designed and trees will be planted in

open areas, around factory boundary along footpaths and dividers.

Standard practice will be followed for planting of saplings in pits of

substantial dimensions, 1m x 1m x 1m for big trees and almost half of these

dimensions for smaller trees and shrubs. The pits shall then be filled with

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earth, sand, silt and manure in predetermined proportions. Saplings planted

in the pits will be watered liberally. The growing plants will be cared for

the first five years under favorable conditions of climate and drainage. Care

will be taken for nutrient supplement (healthy growth), plant protection,

absence of water stress (to maintain openness of stomata apertures and

epidermal structures) and exposure to normal atmospheric conditions (free

air flow). The guidelines as laid out in National Building Code of India

shall be followed in the overall development of Green Belt.

8.7 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Rain Water Harvesting is collecting and using precipitation from a

catchments surface. The rainwater collected can be stored for direct use or

can be recharged into the groundwater. Rain Water Harvesting is thus

becoming essential as it helps to meet our demand for the water either

directly as rain water is stored and put to different uses or indirectly via

replenishing the ground water.

Thus, there are two main techniques of Rain Water Harvesting (RWH)

depending on the end use.

- Storage of rain water on surface for direct use

- Recharge to ground water

For RWH, the rainwater that falls on a catchment’s is carried through

pipelines or drains for storage or recharge. The catchment’s can be a paved

area like a roof, terrace or courtyard of a building, or an unpaved area like a

lawn or open ground.

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8.7.1 GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS PROPOSED

In the present case since the land available is limited and large tanks cannot

be constructed it is proposed to recharge the ground water through deep

bores.

8.7.2 RECHARGE POTENTIAL

The recharge is proposed to be done from the roof top of the building

(Admin, Lab, Work Shop, Staff room, Store) only. The recharge potential

thus available is as below:-

Area of the catchment (Roof Top) A =5500 m2 (Approx.)

Average annual rainfall R = 0.6 m.

Runoff coefficient C = 0.8

About 80% of rainfall that falls on the roof (Roofs with tiles) is available

for use.

Annual Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting Potential = A x R X C = 2640 m3

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CHAPTER-9.0

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF WORKERS

9.1 GENERAL

Occupational Health basically relates to protecting the Industrial Workers

from the ill effects of various parameters at the work place or in other

words, “Occupational Environment”. It is synonymous with `Preventive

Medicine’ as both aim at prevention of diseases & physical discomfort. This

in the long run increases their efficiency and ultimately results in better

production. Thus, both the workers and the industrialists are gainers.

9.2 OCCUPATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Occupational Environment includes external conditions and influences

which prevail at the place of work and which have a bearing on the health of

workers. These are of three types i.e.

(a) Man and physical, chemical & biological agents.

(b) Man and Machine

(c) Man & Man.

9.3 OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS

Keeping in view the above environmental factors, the workers may be

exposed to following types of hazards depending upon his occupation.

(a) Physical hazards, i.e. heat, light, noise, vibration.

(b) Chemical hazards which affect the health of workers in three ways: i)

local action, ii) inhalation, iii) ingestion

(c) Mechanical hazards, e.g. moving parts of machinery etc.

(d) Biological hazards, it mainly occurs in units dealing with animals and

animal products.

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9.3.1 Hazards Comprising at the Industry:

Identified hazards:

Noise induced hearing loss

Exposure to excessive dust resulting in respiratory diseases (Silicosis,

Bronchitis, etc)

Excessive heat leading to stress and fatigue

Burns and shocks due to electricity

Illumination

Permissible level of exposure:

S. No. Description of Hazard Permissible Exposure Level (Factories Act)

1. Dust Exposure (Amorphous as Total dust)

10 mg/m3 TWA (8 hr)

2. Noise Hazard 90 dBA – 8 hrs 92 dBA – 6 hrs 95 dBA – 4 hrs 100 dBA – 2 hrs

9.4 MITIGATION MEASURES:

The main aim of occupational health is the promotion & maintenance of the

highest degree of physical, mental and social well being of workers in all

occupations. Thus, different measures are required to control ill-effects of

the various activities in the industries.

9.4.1 Safety Precautions & Suggestion:-

To protect the health of the workers in the Industry, following measures

shall be taken:-

i) Proper housing shall be provided to workers in large Units for

comfortable & stress free living.

ii) Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) shall be provided to workers,

such as Earplugs, Gloves, Eye Goggles, and Helmets & Gum Boots etc.

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iii) Clean & cool drinking water shall be available to workers near work

places especially near hot spots.

iv) Proper ventilation shall be provided in work place, especially where

heat is generated.

v ) Employees working near hot areas shall be rotated to minimize

exposure time.

vi) Acoustics shall be provided in rooms where noise creating machines

work.

vii) All moving & protruding parts of machinery shall be guarded, so that

worker does not come in contact with them.

viii) Proper lighting shall be provided in the work place. Glares will be

avoided.

ix) Exhaust fans & canopy hoods shall be provided in the areas where dust

& other gases are expected from the operations.

x) First Aid Box shall be kept at prominent place to be used in emergent

cases.

xi) All firefighting equipment shall be frequently checked to see that they

are effective always.

xii) Frequent health check-up of the workers shall be done on regular basis

and the results documented. Timely medical treatment shall be provided to

affected person, if any.

9.4.2 Routine health check-up of workers:

Routine health check-up of workers are done. Eye examination and

Audiometry of truck drivers and crane operators are done every year. Other

workers working near dust prone areas are also subjected to PME. Health

Records are statistically analyzed and maintained. The medical examination

covers the following tests.

General Physical Examination

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X-Ray Chest and ECG

Sputum Examination

Differential WBC Count

Routine Blood and Urine Examination

Lung Function Test

Eye Examination

Audiometric Test

The medical histories of all the employees will be maintained in a standard

format.

Frequency of Periodical Examination:

For employees <30 Years, once in five years

Between 31-50 Years, once in four years

Between 41-50 Years, once in two years

Above >50 years once a year

9.5 FIRE FIGHTING PLAN

9.5.1 Introduction:

The project area lies in agricultural land. There are no Reserve forests or

other sensitive sites within 10 km of the area of the unit. Residential area is

quite far from the unit.

9.5.2 Management of fire & other hazards

Industrial fires and explosions cause considerable damage to lives and

property besides impending productivity. This damage may extend to

neighboring areas. The fundamental approach governing fire safety

attempts shall be adopted to ensure that fires do not at all start in the first

place and should they occur, to restrain their spread by quick detection and

extinguishment.

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9.5.3 Prevention of spread of fire:

Despite many precautions taken, fires do break out. Hence every factory

should have established measures to detect a fire and to attack it

immediately. Automatic fire detection has many advantages such as speed

and reliability and is recommended for warehouses, control

rooms/computer rooms and unoccupied areas with high fire hazard.

Depending on the nature of the occupancy and the hazard, a variety of

detection systems are available. They are activated by one of the effects of

fire such as temperature rise, smoke flame or heat and can be coupled to an

alarm system which would provide visual/audible alarms at designated

manned locations. They can also be designed to automatically actuate fire-

extinguishing systems. The selection/installation of the detection system

shall conform to the applicable National Standards.

9.5.4 Extinguishing Systems:

Equipment for firefighting shall be chosen with care and suited to the task.

Fires are classified depending on the materials involved and appropriate

extinguishing agents are also recommended. Different kinds of fire fighting

media are available: Water, Dry Chemical Powders, Carbon Dioxide, Foam

etc.

9.5.5 Fire prone areas of the industry:

i)High tension cable wiring: reason: due to short circuit.

ii)Other places; reason: due to any manual reason.

9.5.6 Precautions:

Following measures will be in place for M/s Duratech Cements India Ltd:

i) First Aid

First Aid shall be readily available and at the nearest place in case of any

emergency. First aid charts showing actions to be taken in a practice shall

be displayed prominently. Following equipment shall be provided.

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First Aid Boxes

Stretchers/Wheel/Chairs

Fire Blankets

Emergency Showers & Eye wash facilities

Emergency lighting

Arrangement shall be made with some local Doctor or Clinic for immediate

assistance in case of Emergency.

Exposure to fumes or vapours

Remove the affected person to fresh air. If needed try artificial respiration

& consult Doctor immediately.

Eye Contact

Flush with water and get medical advice.

Skin Contact

Remove contaminated clothing and wash off immediately with water.

Burns

Cool down the affected area with cold water until pain subsides. Apply

some antiseptic and obtain medical advice.

ii) Portable fire extinguishers and hydrant systems

Portable fire extinguishers and hydrant systems are provided at strategic

locations throughout the plant.

iii) Fire detection and alarm system

These will be provided to detect fire/smoke in vulnerable areas of the plant

through smoke / heat detectors.

iv) Signs such as “NO SMOKING” must be prominently displayed within the

premises, especially in parts where flammable materials are handled.

v) Regular inspection and servicing of the extinguishers must be undertaken

by a reputable service provider and records of such inspections maintained.

vi) Electrical fittings near all potential sources of ignition shall be flame proof.

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CHAPTER-10.0

RISK ASSESMENT, ITS MITIGATION & DISASTER

MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 GENERAL

All projects, whether industrial or otherwise, do have some pitfalls. The

gravity of such happenings depends on manufacturing process, quality of

the materials used, man power utilized and general working environment.

While small Industrial projects employ comparatively less number of

employees some big projects deal with large number of persons. In both

cases adequate measures have to be taken to reduce possible accidents and

save human life. Keeping these factors in mind Risk Assessment and

Disaster Management Plan for this project has been prepared.

10.2 RISK ASSESSMENT

Risk can be defined as possibility of harm, which can occur during the life

time of a project and its anticipated severity. In absolute terms, 100% risk

free projects cannot be achieved. Thus, the safety of a Plant is considered

in terms of acceptability of the risk created. “Safety at any cost” is ideal

and desirable but sometimes the cost involved in such a situation is

prohibitive. Thus a crucial decision has to be taken on “safety-at-what-

cost”. The need for safety provisions are felt only when the mishaps occur.

It is rare that all the problems are anticipated and an answer is sought

before a disaster occurs. The risk evaluation is, therefore, done within the

prescribed limits fixed for a Unit to be safe enough. But when the risks in a

process are greater than the acceptable limiting risk the project is termed as

a `dangerous’ and appropriate measures have to be adopted to bring the risk

within limits for the safety of the project.

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Normally almost all Plants handle some materials and processes which are

hazardous/ toxic in the Industry. All precautions have therefore, to be taken

to handle such materials as per HWM Rules. The processes and layout of

the machinery have to be regulated as per the norms fixed to minimize the

risks involved.

Broadly, following types of possible risk/ hazards are encountered in the

Industrial Units and their safeguards are suggested as under:-

(i) Physical Hazards like heat, humidity, light & noise etc.

(ii) Electrical Hazards like unsafe equipments, unsafe work practices, unsafe

environment.

(iii ) Mechanical Hazards like machinery having moving parts and unguarded.

(iv) Lightening like strokes during rainy season causing damage to buildings.

(v) Fire Emanating from different sources and due to different causes.

These are discussed as under:-

(i) Physical Hazards:

(a) Heat: Heat is the most common hazards in the Industries especially

where furnaces and boilers are used. Its continuous exposure causes heat,

exhortation, heat strokes and heat cramps. Thus, for safety of the workers,

reasonable temperature which is normally acceptable in working area

should be maintained which is about 70° F to 80° F and could be achieved

by proper ventilation.

(b) Light: Inadequate light or extreme glares are also big hazards in an

Industry as they cause eye strain and headache etc. Thus, proper lighting

with adequate distribution and steadiness has to be maintained to reduce the

risk factor.

(c) Noise: Noise is a big stress factor and annoyance to the workers. It can

lead to accidents, if the worker is not relieved of the stress by having

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different measures to reduce noise in the area like mufflers, acoustics in the

room and providing ear-plugs and muffs to the employees.

(ii) Electrical Hazards :

Most electrical accidents occur from one of the following factors:

a) Unsafe equipment

b) Unsafe environment

c) Unsafe work practices

Electrical accidents could, therefore be prevented through use of:

Proper Insulation

Guarding

Earthing

Electrical protective devices

Safe work practices

Insulators

Insulators such as glass, mica, rubber, or plastic used to coat metals and

other conductors help stop or reduce the flow of electrical current. This

helps prevent shock, fires, and short circuits. Before connecting electrical

equipment to a power source, it's a good idea to check the insulation for any

exposed wires for possible defects. Insulation covering flexible cords such

as extension cords is particularly vulnerable to damage. No live wires shall

be allowed to hang at any place, where persons can normally go.

Guarding

Guarding involves locating or enclosing electrical equipment to make sure

that people don’t accidently come into contact with its live parts. This

should be done for equipments with exposed parts operating at 50 volts or

more especially where it is accessible to authorized people, qualified to

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work with it. The recommended locations are room, vault or similar

enclosure, a balcony, a gallery or elevated platform. Sturdy permanent

screens also can serve as effective guards. Conspicuous signs shall be

displayed at the entrances to electrical rooms and similar guarded locations

to alert people to the electrical hazards and to forbid entry of unauthorized

persons. These signs may contain the word “Danger”, “Warning” or

“Caution” and beneath that appropriate concise wording that alerts people

to the hazard or gives an instruction such as, “ Danger / High Voltage /

Keep Out” should be given.

Earthing

Earthing a tool or an electrical system means intentionally creating a low

resistance path that connects to the earth. This prevents the buildup of

voltages that could cause an electrical accident. Earthing helps to protect

the operator as it provides an alternative path for the current to pass through

from the tool or machine to the ground and does not affect the operator.

Safe Work Practices :

Electrical accidents are largely preventable by adopting safe work practices

such as:

Checking Insulation of the equipment before installation

Properly earthing the equipment

De-energizing electrical equipments before inspection or repair

Keeping electrical tools properly maintained.

Using appropriate protective equipment such as:

a) Rubber insulating gloves

b) Hoods

c) Sleeves

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d) Matting

e) Line Hose

f) Protective Helmets

g) Protective Eye Glasses

(iii) Mechanical Hazards:

Mechanical Hazards like protruding and moving parts of machinery are big

Hazards/ risk factors in almost all Units. Proper fencing should be provided

in such areas and sufficient space for proper movement should be avoided

to avoid any accident.

(iv) Lightening

Tall buildings are prone to lightening strikes especially during rainy

seasons which can not only damage the building but can result in fatal

accidents for workers. It is, therefore, necessary that in order to avoid

lightening strikes, causing any damage, lightening arresters should be

provided with proper earthing as per the electricity rules in all the buildings

individually.

(v) Fire

In spite of all precautions taken, fires do break out in factories where

furnace, electrical heaters and other equipments are used extensively. To

meet such exigencies, adequate fire extinguishers shall be provided at

suitable places with suitable hydrants. Underground tanks shall be provided

and kept always full with water so that during emergency the same could be

utilized. These tanks should be accessible by road for the fire tenders.

Supervisory staff should be fully aware and given adequate training for

meeting such exigencies. First aid shall be available nearby for affected

persons.

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10.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Despite of all efforts made accidents do occur which need immediate

attention. The risks involved in this project have been identified and their

mitigation measures have been delineated in earlier paras. But when serious

accidents occur & negligence could result in loss of life the whole thing

has to be handled in a systematic well planned manner Accordingly

following plan of disaster management has been evolved:-

10.3.1 Major Activities

Broadly Disaster Management Plan covers the following activities:

Pre - Emergency Preparedness

Emergency actions

Post Emergency activities

These activities are aimed at facing any emergency so that at the required

time there is no chaos and everything is handled in a very effective manner.

a. Pre-emergency Preparedness:

The activities falling in this category are carried out in a normal situation

without any reference to any particular accident / hazard. They are of a

precautionary nature. These normally include:

i) Internal safety

ii) Non-destructive testing

iii) Fire fighting system testing

iv) Mock drills

v) Training

vi) Productive equipment

vii) Communication

viii) Emergency lights

ix) Emergency control Room

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x) Assembly points

xi) Liaison with state authorities

xii) Hospital activities

xiii) Outside shelters

b. Emergency Time Activity:

During emergency the staff at various levels is expected to work in

coordinated manner with pre-assigned duties to meet the emergency

situation and bring normalcy with the help of the resources available within

and outside the premises. Availability and correct use of different means of

communication and control is very important during emergency time.

Duties of the various persons shall be defined properly.

c. Post Emergency Procedures:

After the emergency is over investigations are required to be made to

establish the reasons for emergency and preventative measures needed for

future happenings. These activities include:

i) Collection of records

ii) Conducting enquiries

iii) Making insurance claims, if any,

iv) Preparation of enquiry report and suggestion

v) Implementation of enquiry report and recommendations.

vi) Rehabilitation of affected persons.

10.3.2 Emergency Plan

This includes following actions:-

i) Site Layout:

Site plan of the Plant will be kept at a conveniently approachable place.

The plan will show the storage site of the various materials alongwith the

details of the surrounding areas. This gives a layout of the Buildings and

other facilities like roads, open and work areas etc.

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i) Emergency Control Centre:

The Control Centre will be established within the premises which will be

marked on the site plan. It will be the focal point from where all operations

to handle the emergency will be directed and coordinated. It will have

internal and external telephone communications along with list of essential

telephone numbers and list of key persons and their addresses.

ii) Assembly Point:

Assembly area will be earmarked for the people to get together in case of

emergency which will be away from material storage. A list of all the

employees/ residents will be available at this site so that their roll call could

be taken and missing person, if any, could be located.

iii) Emergency Alarm System:

An audible emergency alarm system will be installed in the premises. It

will be operated from at least 4 different points spread over the entire area

and clearly marked as “Emergency Area Switch”. The system will be tested

regularly. The alarm will signify to the persons & staff that the emergency

has occurred and emergency services should be put in operation. The

Public Address System will also be activated and specific instructions for

eventualities will be passed on to the staff working in the colony.

iv) Service & Control:

a) Emergency Services

This includes Fire fighting, First Aid and rescue teams. Alternative source

of power supply for operating fire pumps and communication with local

bodies and fire brigade etc shall be given.

b) Control Centre:

The control centre could be either in Security room or Fire Station and shall

have:

i) Adequate No. of Internal and external telephones.

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ii) Layout Plan of the colony buildings showing:

a) Sources of safety equipment.

b) Fire hydrant system and alternate supply source

c) Stock of other fire fighting materials

d) Assembly points & first aid centers.

e) Surrounding habitation within ½ km distance.

iii) Additional work plans which may illustrate during emergency

a) areas affected / endangered

b) deployment of emergency vehicles and personnel

c) Areas where particular problems arise e.g. fractured pipe-line.

d) Areas evacuated.

It would be useful if these plans be covered with plastic/glass sheets on

which felt ink markings can be deciphered.

iv) Normal roll of employees.

v) List of key persons and their addresses with telephone numbers.

vi) Note pads, pencils, etc to record messages received and instructions to

be passed on through runners.

vii) A tape recorder on which the incident and actions, being taken and

progress could be recorded.

viii) Roll call – Roll Call board listing the names of all persons department

wise and shift wise should be placed in the allocated places called assembly

points. All personnel including visitors and contractors except those who

are detailed to fight emergency to man such services, shall proceed to such

allocated points as soon as an evacuation is ordered over PAS or orally by

the section in charge and roll call taken. Section incharge should see that

these boards are always kept up-to-date. The assembly point incharge shall

report to control room immediately any absentee/unaccounted for persons.

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He will also keep the group until advised to move or return to work by the

site controller or any other person pre-nominated by him.

10.3.3 Key Personnel and their Duties

Following persons will be designated for emergency situation.

1. Site Controller

2. Incident Controller

3. Personnel / Administrative Managers

4. Communication Officers

5. Telephone operator

6. Engineer Incharge and Electrician

7. Fire pump attendants

8. First Aid

Their duties are given as under: -

1. Site Controller:

General Manager or his nominated deputy will retain overall responsibility

for the premises and its personnel. As soon as he is informed of the

emergency, he shall proceed to the control room and meet the

communication officer. His duties shall be:

i) Assess the magnitude of the situation and decide if people need to be

evacuated from their assembly points.

ii) Exercise direct operational control over areas other than those affected.

iii) Maintain a continuous review of possible development and assess, in

consultation with incident Controller and other key personnel, as to whether

evacuation of persons is required.

iv) Liaise with senior officials of Police, Fire Brigade, Medical provide

advice on possible effects on areas outside the factory premises.

v) Control rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of

emergency.

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vi) Issue authorized statements to news media, and ensures that evidence is

preserved for enquiries to be conducted by statutory authorities.

2. Incident Controller:

Manager or Officer of similar rank nominated will act as Incident

Controller. On hearing of an emergency he will rush to the incident point

and take overall charge and report to site controller. On arrival he will

assess the scale of emergency and decide if major emergency exists or is

likely and inform the communication officer accordingly. His duties will

be:

i) Direct all operations within the affected area with the priorities for

safety of personnel minimize damage, property and environment and

minimize loss of materials.

ii) Pending arrival of Site Controller, assume the duties of his post and in

particular:

a) Direct the evacuation of the persons from areas likely to be adversely

affected by the emergency and

b) Ensure that all key personnel and outside help is called in.

iii) Provide advice and information to the Fire and Security officer and the

local Fire Service as and when they arrive.

iv) Ensure that all non-essential workers / staff of the areas affected are

evacuated to the appropriate assembly points and the areas are searched for

casualties.

v) In the event of failure of electric supply and thereby PAS and Internal

telephones, set up communication point and establish contact with

Emergency Control Centre.

vi) Report on all significant developments to the communication officer.

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vii) Have regard to the need of preservation of evidence so as to facilitate

any enquiry into the causes and circumstances which caused or escalated

the emergency.

3. Personnel / Administrative Manager:

He will also work as Liaison Officer and will be stationed at the main

entrance (Gate House) during the emergency. He will under the direction of

the site controller, handle police, press and other enquiries, receive reports

from roll-call leaders from assembly points and pass on the absentee

information to the incident controller. His responsibilities shall include.

i) To ensure that casualties receive adequate attention / to arrange

additional help, if required, and inform relatives.

ii) To control traffic movements into the premises and ensuring that the

alternate transport is available when need arises.

iii) When emergency is prolonged, arrange for the relief of personnel and

organize refreshments / catering facility.

4. Communication Officer:

He will, on hearing the alarm, proceed to Control Centre and maintain

communication with the Incident Controller. He will:-

i) Advise the Site Controller of the situation, recommending (if necessary)

evacuation of persons from assembly points.

ii) Recruit suitable staff to act as runners between the Incident Controller

and himself if the telephone and other system of communication fail due to

whatsoever reasons.

iv) Maintain prior agreed inventory in the control centre.

v) Maintain a log of the incident on tape.

vi) In case of prolonged emergency involving risk to outside areas by

wind-blown materials – contact local meteorological office to receive early

notification of changes in weather conditions.

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5. Telephone Operator: -

On hearing the emergency alarm, he will immediately contact site

controller and on his advice call the local Fire Brigade or mutual aid

scheme members. In case the PAS, Internal / external telephone system

becomes inoperative he shall inform the Communication Officer through a

messenger / runner. In case fire is detected and the alarm is not in

operation, he shall receive information about location from the person who

detected the fire and thereafter immediately consult the Incident Controller

and make announcement on PAS or telephone telling the residents about

location of the incident and to evacuate to their assembly points. He will

continue to operate the switch board advising the callers that staffs are not

available and pass all calls connected with the incident to the

Communication Officer.

6. Engineer In-charge and Electrician: -

They will report to the scene of the incident and close down the services as

requested by the Incident Controller.

7. Fire – pump Attendants: -

Two persons identified will work as fire-pump attendants. On hearing the

fire alarm, they will immediately proceed to pump house to ensure that

pumps are operating and stand by to maintain them. At the end of

emergency they will be relieved of their duty by the Fire and Security

officers.

8. First Aid Teams: -

The Manager shall keep the roll call lists for the Fire and First-aid team on

duty. Roll call leaders shall check their rolls as members of the services and

report for emergency duty. Names of any unaccounted for absentees will be

informed to the Fire and Security Officer. Members of the First – aid teams

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will report to the Incident Controller on hearing of the alarm and follow his

directions.

9. Factory Fire Brigade Personnel: -

The duty Fire – Brigade personnel under the command of the Fire and

Security Officer shall be responsible for fire fighting and rescue. On

hearing the alarm, they shall proceed to the place of incident, if known,

otherwise to the Fire station. The men at Fire station shall find out the

location of the emergency, the equipment and proceed to the site of

occurrence. At the site, all the squad members will respond to the direction

given by the Incident Controller.

10.4 TRAINING

The promoters shall ensure that everyone employed on the premises is

made aware of the risks involved and has been given adequate training on

the action to be taken in case of any emergency and that provision has been

made for other people also, for example, visitors and contractors who may

also be on the premises. Such training shall ensure that those people who

are not involved in dealing with the emergency, leave the vicinity of the

Incident and go to a place of safety. So that those people needed to carry

out the emergency plans shall be capable of carrying out their specified

tasks. They shall be thoroughly trained, given the correct personal

protective & other equipment and be adequately supervised.

Further, it shall be ensured that the plan is thoroughly tested and rehearsed.

It will also be reviewed and revised on a regular basis.

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ANNEXURES

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ANNEXURE – I

LAND PAPERS

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DRAFT ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT...

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