Dr. Xiangyun Du Professor Department of Learning and Philosophy Aalborg University
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Dr. Xiangyun Du Professor Department of Learning and Philosophy Aalborg University
Innovative Pedagogy and PBL-Inspired Teaching Experiments
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Introduction to me
• Master 2001 Roskilde University Denmark • Master 2002 Linkoping University Sweden • PhD 2005 Aalborg University (AAU) Denmark • Assistant Professor AAU) 2006 - 08• Associate Professor AAU 2008 - 11• Management program at Harvard 2011• Professor AAU 2011 - • 2005- AAU PBL course for Master students, PhD
students and new employees • 2006- PBL workshops over 10 countries • Educational Research on PBL and cultural learning
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Denmark in Europe
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Aalborg at the Fjord – 200,000 inhabitants
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Department of• Social Studies & Organisation • Economics, Politics and Public Administration• Business Studies
Department of• History, International, and Social Studies• Music and Music Therapy• Learning• Communication
• Human Centered Informatics
• Languages and International studies
Department of• Civil Engineering• Building Technology & Structural Engineering• Chemistry and Applied Engineering Science• Electronic Systems• Production• Physics• Energy Technology• Mechanical Engineering• Computer Science• Mathematical Science• Life Sciences• Architecture and Design• Development and Planning• Health Science and
Technology
Faculty of Engineering and Sciences
Department of• Health Science
Technology - Bio- Med engineering - Industrial Medicine - Clinical Medicine • Clinic sciences • Hospital
Faculty of Medicine and Health
Faculty of social Sciences
Faculty of Humanities
Aalborg University
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Workshop Aims
• To facilitate the development of local, institutionally sustainable PBL-frameworks for GDUT
• To support the participants with relevant knowledge and skills to design and plan PBL-teaching experiments, based on PBL principles, that are suitable for implementation within the local context, as well as for the overall strategy of educational development at GDUT
• To provide PBL experiences for participants
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PBL experience for participants• Problem formulation (Phase 1)• Problem analysis (Phase 1)• Problem solving
oGroup Work I: Designing an institutional PBL framework for GDUT (Phase 2)
oGroup Work II: Designing a concrete PBL teaching experiment based on the institutional framework - Possible problems and projects that could be used at GDUT (Phase 3)
• Presentation (Phase 4)• Peer assessment and evaluation (Phase 4)
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Phase one Problem identification and analysis + preparation for
team work + inputs for theoretical understanding • Presentation I: Need for change: challenges from learning
and teaching experiences - Problem identification • Group discussions• Presentation II: PBL introduction –theory, philosophy,
definition, examples of PBL and variations of PBL practices• Presentation III: What is a problem? What is a project?
Examples of different practices of designing problems and projects
• Introducing design plan and group work - Forming groups around topics, challenges and issues of common interest
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Phase two Designing an institutional PBL framework for GDUT
(problem-solving in team work + theories)• Presentation IV: Designing a PBL inspired curriculum
(curriculum and pedagogical design, assessment and constructive alignment)
• Group Work I: Developing institutional framework for PBL Teachings at GDUT
• Preparing poster for presentation • Presenting and discussing the outcomes of the groups’ work
(the institutional framework for PBL teaching)
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Phase three Designing PBL Teaching Experiments
(problem-solving in team work + theories) Presentation V: Designing a PBL teaching experiment
(restructuring the courses and balancing Presentation and project work, assessment)
Group Work II: Designing a concrete PBL teaching experiment based on the institutional framework - Possible problems and projects that could be used in GDUT
Preparing poster for presentation • Presenting and discussing the outcomes of the groups’ work
(PBL teaching experiments)
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Phase four Presentation, assessment and evaluation
• Phase four – Presentation + assessment and evaluation of the solutions + plans for future– Presentation VI: Facilitation: The role of teaching in a PBL
context – Participants’ Presentation and discussion of results– Peer assessment and evaluation– Evaluation of the workshop
– Discussion on follow up activities
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Activity 1 Competence Profiles
Please work in team to list the main keywords of the expected competences of your subject/profession in the current society.
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Professional competencies - from previous workshop (soft-ware engineer)
Group A• Team and communication
competence • Eagerness to study and
learn• Software development skills• Knowledge in at least one
application domain (business process engineering)
Group B• Abstract thinking• Programming skills• Analytical skills• Team spirit • Well-structured work
approach
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What are the competences are your graduates provided with the current curriculum?
• Group A• Basic studies:
– programming and software engineering skills, usibility.
– Introduction to different domains – Self management and language skills
• Main studies:– Software development lab (tools,
project management that student led work)
– Advanced computer science (theory and algorithms, networks, mathmatic modling and simulation)
• Work placement• Majors:
– Two domains to choose from, system engieneering, business applications,
– Soft skills
• Group B• Team work – presentation skills • Pratical project skills• Abstract, Analytical thinking ? (to what
level)• Application to problem solving
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Are our graduates provided with sufficient competence profile that
are required in the professional work?
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’There is still one more seat in the wall’
The way I was educated Big class, little room for individual ideas
http://www.cnsphoto.com/
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Same materials year after year…
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Memory is more important than application skills for high scores…
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Transferred knowledge will be returned after exams
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Room for innovation?
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Can innovation be facilitated in this way?
http://eby.cc/p/1961.htm
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Am I teaching the same way I was taught?
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Need for Innovation in Engineering Education
• Is there a need for change?• Why do we need educational change? • Global experiences
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Need for Educational Innovation• Overloaded curricula and improve
learning• Complexity of problems demands
new skills: collaboration, interdisciplinary knowledge, skills for innovation, sustainability and life long learning, etc.
• Innovation and sustainable development – regional develpment and global competition
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PRODUCTION
INNOVATION
http://www.cnsphoto.com/
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Demand from Globlobalization and technological development– human concern, sustainability, environment, ecomonics, ethics, social responsibility…
http://www.cnsphoto.com/
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Need for change: industry expectationsComparaison of capabilities taught at universities and required in professional life by young profesionals - Germany
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Ranking of capabilities important in professional life by young electrical engineers five years after graduation - Germany
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Need for change: Diversity of competencies
Scientific knowledge
Professional competencies
Process competencies • Project
management• Communication• Teamwork • Organization • Professional identity
and responsibility • Life long learning
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Need for change: How to facilitate innovation – role of university?
Cortese 2003
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Need for change: accreditationsGlobalized context
Diverse capabilities
Lifelong learning
Project management
Social, environmental, and
ethical concerns
Effective communication
Intercultural competencies
Designing and conducting
experiments
- National Academy of Engineering, The Engineer of 2020, 2004- EUR-ACE (Accreditation of European Engineering Programmes and
Graduates, http://www.feani.org/EUR_ACE/EUR_ACE_Main_Page.htm - ABET: http://www.abet.org/
Identity and solve applied science
problems
Team work
Application of mathematics and
science knowledge
Analytical skills
Interdisciplinary knowledge
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Border of “new” knowledge - ever expanding
Border of presently “known” knowledge
In TRADITIONAL learning environment
What the student can learn within a given time
Need for change: Challenges for the curricula
Student’s own
interest
Expected skills from industry Social & global
responsibilities
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Bologna Declaration – European Higher Education
Areas (EHEA) by 2010 • A multitude of expectations to the realization of the EHEA
(Becker 2004):• shorter study time through intense and job-relevant curricula• Program combination and student integration into
professional life • Possibilities of transferring • Attractiveness for international students• Transparency for employers • Independence and market orientation • Attractiveness of technical studies – bachelor degree
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First Cycle graduate EUR-ACE: Personal Programme Outcomes for
the bachelor level1. Individual and
Team workFunction effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse Engineering teams.
2. Communi-cation
Communicate effectively on intermediate engineering activities with the engineering community and with society at large, by being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions
3. The Engineer And Society
Demonstrate understanding of the societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering practice.
4. Ethics Understand and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of engineering practice.
5. Environment andSustainability
Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a societal context and demonstrate knowledge of and need for sustainable development.
6. ProjectManagement and Finance
Demonstrate an awareness and understanding of management and business practices, such as risk and change management, and understand their limitations.
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Educational changes in Denmark • New study programs: enriched disciplines • New expectations: broadened skills and
competences • New study forms: implementing student
centred and work place-imitated learning environment (for example, PBL as an educational strategy)
New challenges and tasks for educators
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Global experiences and practices of educational change
• Australia – accreditation and attribute • UK – inquiry based learning• China – research oriented learning • Malaysia (2006?) and • South Africa (1997) have both introduced• Outcomes Based Education (OBE) at all levels
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Malaysian Qualification Framework (MQF) Learning Outcomes
1. knowledge of discipline areas 2. practical skills 3. social skills and responsibilities 4. value, attitude and professionalism 5. communication, leadership and team skills 6. problem solving and scientific skills 7. information management and life-long learning skills 8. managerial and entrepreneurial skills
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South African Critical Cross-Field Learning Outcomes
1. Identify and solve problems and make decisions using critical and creative thinking
2. Work effectively with others as members of a team, group, organisation and community
3. Organise and manage themselves and their activities responsibly and effectively
4. Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information5. Communicate effectively using visual, symbolic, and/or language
skills in various modes6. Use science and technology effectively and critically showing
responsibility towards the environments and the health of others7. Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related
systems by recognising that problem-solving contexts do not exist in isolation
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Victorial University, MELBOURNE - AUS
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Why CHANGE Through late 2004 and 2005, the vice-chancellor and
president of VU set up a working party of professional academics and industry partners to: distinguish competencies of professionals which
industry ‘really’ seeks for
Industry partners expressed and stated that a professional (engineer) should posses the following competencies: Technically sound Posses strong oral and written skills Project management skills
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CHANGE PROCESS
Announcement in 2005 of the decision to commit to PBL as a teaching and learning style in 2006
The proposals were endorsed by the Board of Studies of the on the 21st July 2005
Considered by the Higher Education Course Approval Committee (HECAC) of VU on the 5th of August 2005
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IMPLEMENTING PBL CURRICULUM IN 6 MONTHS
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WHAT IS REQUIRED?
Management support Curriculum design Staff/faculty Training A team of ‘champions’ who:
Not only understand the concept, but Believe in the concept
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Group discussion 1 (Problem identification)
• Challenges/issues/problems from your teaching experiences
• Please summarize 3 common issues (headlines) in a poster presentation
• Time duration 30minutes • Summing up
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Please analyze the problems (using the six W- model)
Group discussion 2 (Problem Analysis)
ProblemWhom?
Why? What?
Where?
When?How?
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Open discussion
• Summing up key issues• Strategies for improving the situation in
relation to identified issues • What have you been doing to make a
difference? • What you would like to do? – hypotheses for
potential solutions