DR. JITENDRA PATEL (MBBS, MD) · 2018. 10. 29. · DR. JITENDRA PATEL (MBBS, MD) Medical Educator &...
Transcript of DR. JITENDRA PATEL (MBBS, MD) · 2018. 10. 29. · DR. JITENDRA PATEL (MBBS, MD) Medical Educator &...
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DR. JITENDRA PATEL (MBBS, MD)
Medical Educator & Researcher
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology
Email: [email protected] Web: www.esphys.weebly.com 2
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What is Blood?
Characteristics of Blood
Composition of Blood
Important values
OUTLINE
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What is Blood?
Blood is a fluid connective tissue which
transports substances from one part of the body
to another.
It provides nutrients, hormones, enzymes to
the tissues & removes their waste products
from the tissues.
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Characteristics of Blood
COLOUR :Red
VOLUME :5-6 L
VISCOSITY :5 times more than water
pH :7.4, alkaline
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Important values
Total blood volume : 5 to 6 L (8% of body weight)
RBCs : female - 4.8 million/mm3,
male - 5.2 million/mm3
WBCs : 4000 to 11000/mm3
Platelets : 1.5 lacs to 4 lacs/mm3
Total proteins : 6.4 to 8.3 gm%
Hb : female - ~14 gm%,
male - ~16 gm%
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Functions of Blood
Respiratory: Transport of O2 (atmosphere to tissue) and
CO2 (tissue to atmosphere)
Nutritive: It carries the nutritive substances like glucose,
amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, electrolytes etc. from the
gut to the tissues where they are used for energy.
Excretory: It carries various metabolic waste products
such as urea, uric acid, creatinine, etc. to excretory organs
like kidney, skin, intestine, liver for their disposal.
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Functions of Blood…
Homeostasis: Blood plays major role in…
• Regulation of water balance: The water of blood is
freely interchangeable with the interstitial fluid and
helps in maintaining water and electrolyte balance
of the body.
• Regulation of acid-base balance: The plasma
proteins and the Hb act as buffers and helps in
regulation of acid-base balance.
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Functions of Blood…
Regulation of body temperature:
• Because of its properties of High specific heat:
buffers sudden change (increase or decrease) in
body temperature High conductivity
• Helps in uniform distribution of heat in the body
High latent heat of evaporation
• Large amount of heat is lost from the lungs and skin
by evaporation of water
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Functions of Blood…
Transport: various hormones, enzymes, antibodies,
drugs etc. are transported by blood to the target tissues.
Protective function:
• Role of neutrophil & monocytes (1st and 2nd line of
defense against infection)
• Role of lymphocytes & gamma globulin (in specific
immunity)
• Role of eosinophils (against parasitic infection and
allergic conditions)
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Functions of Blood…
Storage function: It’s a temporary store house for
important substances like water, glucose, proteins,
electrolytes to be used in emergency situations like
starvation, fluid loss, electrolyte loss etc.
Role in coagulation: Blood cells platelets and
different clotting factors in the blood work for the
stoppage of bleeding and form temporary
hemostatic plug and definite hemostatic plug
respectively.
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Functions of Blood…
Role of plasma proteins:
• Exerts the effective osmotic pressure helps in
exchange of fluid
• Acts as reservoir of proteins
• Forms transportable complexes with hormones
Total 10 main functions of blood
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Major plasma proteins are…
Albumin
Globulin
Prothrombin
Fibrinogen
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Functions of plasma proteins
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Functions of plasma proteins...
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Functions of plasma proteins...
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Starling forces simplified
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Functions of plasma proteins...
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Functions of plasma proteins...
Total 10 main functions of plasma protein
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“No questions, have many question”