Donnie DeFreitas Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority (ECTEL) October 29 th 2008.
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Transcript of Donnie DeFreitas Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority (ECTEL) October 29 th 2008.
Donnie DeFreitasEastern Caribbean Telecommunications
Authority (ECTEL)October 29th 2008
Community Wireless NetworkDifferent approaches to community wireless
networks:No- or low- cost Internet access for community
residents within certain hotspotsMunicipal or city-wide networks
Some factors for success
Physical Infrastructure
Human Capital
Policy framework
Consists of the telecommunication networks , primarily wireless mesh networks
Telecommunication/ICT policies to support the implementation and sustainability of the network Capacities to
support development and exploitation of the network; also includes the ‘social capital’ i.e. the linkages formed within the community
Focus on the Policy FrameworkPhysical infrastructure and Human capacities
discussed previously. Focus here on the Telecommunication/ICT policies required to support the development of the community wireless network as well as its sustainability
Key policies include:Competition policiesRegulatory reform policiesCommunication policiesRegional development policiesEducation & Training policies
Some areas for policy considerationSpectrum licensing fees: e.g. fees for operating in
2.4GHz frequency band
Interconnectivity costs: paid by one licensee to another for the linking of telecom systems or services
Operating costs: including licensing of ISPs, taxing on goods and services
Installation: tariffs on imported equipment, foreign investment in the development of the infrastructure
Some areas for policy considerationValue-added/IP services: policies regarding value-
added services such as Internet access and IP telephony.
Universal Access: policies that aim to increase access to shared telecommunication services (including Internet Services)
Universal Service: policies that aim to facilitate access to telecommunication services by all individuals; some islands have implemented a Universal Service Fund (issue where VoIP applications replace traditional voice networks)
Some areas for policy considerationCompetition policies: to effect a level of
competition in the sector. Several islands have undergone regulatory reform which has had significant impact primarily in the mobile cellular area leading to increased telephone penetration rates and reduced costs for voice calls
Pricing: Tariffs on service provison
Some areas for policy considerationPolicies to support Electronic Commerce:
eCommerce is a crucial application that can facilitate business development, and promote innovative use of community wireless networks. Policies to support eCommerce include tax laws, credit validation, consumer protection, privacy protection, intellectual property (copyright, trademark, patents), electronic transactions
Development policies:This should be outlined in an effective national
development policy & strategy which would drive a National ICT Policy & Strategy
Focus on the achievement of development goals through the use of technologies in social sectors such as healthcare and education
for example policies governing community access such that the network is available to schools and health centres at no-cost or subsidized costs particularly within rural underserved communities.
Some areas for policy consideration
Education/Training policies: tie in IT training within community centres to existing education policies including distance education programs; promote information exchange among research/educational centres, libraries; etc.
Some areas for policy consideration
Price of service Profits
attractiveness ofmarket
number of WSPs
competition inmarket
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Costs of servic eprovision
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market incentive
installationcosts
operatingcosts +
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mesh networkcoverage
Number ofnodes
installationof nodes
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attractiveness ofservices
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+demand for
services +
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distance ofconsumer from the
network
+operating cost
installation cost
consumer dens ity
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size of region
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Consumersrate ofadoption
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network coverage
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market demandpressure for changes to
policy framework
Number ofwireless policies
rate of development oftelec om polic ies
availability of meshnetworking technologies
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policy framework
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institutionalcapability
Effect of Policies on Community Wireless Network Development
Areas of focus:(a) Costs(b) Market demand/incentive(c) Network coverage(d) Institutional Capacities
Anius, Diana – “Technology & Policy of a Regional Wireless Grid”
(a) Costs
(b) Market demand/incentive
(c) Network coverage
(d) Institutional capacities
Regional development policies: build linkages to facilitate cooperation and harmonisation in areas of technology. Linkages may be: Informal – primarily for information exchangeInformational – more formal linkages where
individuals agree to participateOpen – formal linkages primarily to undertake
research or explore innovation in specific areas
Some areas for policy consideration
Challenges in policy developmentTypes of implemented policies are influenced by the level of
human capital for development and maintenance of an effective policy framework. Persons knowledgeable in areas such as engineering, law, policy, and accounting
Political autonomy of some regulatory agencies: the agency typically acts primarily in an advisory capacity to Government; budget approval may be the responsibility of Government; Government may also be responsible for appointing and dismissing members of the regulatory body
Regional approach to policy development is strongly influenced by the level of social cohesion among the islands
Thank You