Diving behaviour and movements of satellite tracked short ...
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Diving behaviour and movements of satellite tracked short fin mako sharks (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the North Atlantic: preliminary results Introduction. The shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a highly migratory, pelagic species with circum-global distribution in tropical and temperate seas. This shark is common in Atlantic Ocean where it is mainly caught by longliners targeting swordfish (Xiphias gladius). Despite the high prevalence, economic importance, and vulnerability of this species, little is known about its population dynamics and habitat-use. Objectives. In this study, pop-up archival transmitting (PAT) tags were deployed, recording vertical and horizontal movements and temperature preferences of oceanic mako sharks, aiming to identify movements, behaviour and habitat preferences of shortfin mako shark. This will help understand population structure and dynamics in relation to fisheries for setting conservation priorities. Results. A total of nine makos (six males, three females) were caught and tagged in North Atlantic waters, Northwest of the Azores islands, with seven tags reporting data. Tagged sharks ranged from 120 – 245 cm (fork length). Sharks were tracked for a total of 570 days and straight-line tracking distances varied between 523 and 3252 km. Mako sharks displayed different movement patterns, moving south-west, west, north-east and east of the tagging area; including a trans-Atlantic migration into western Iberia waters. Tracked sharks also displayed deep diving behaviour into cold water, with maximum recorded depths of 1064 m (5.8 ºC). Temperature preferences ranged from 5.8 and 27ºC. More tags will be deployed during 2011. Gonzalo Mucientes (1), Nuno Queiroz (2), Nicholas Humphries (3), Fran Saborido (1), David Sims(3)* (1)IIM-CSIC. Eduardo Cabello, 36208, Vigo. Spain (2) CIBIO. Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão. Portugal (3) MBA. 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Satellite tags were programmed to detach 30, 60, 90, 120 or 180 days after deployment were set-up to. Tagging was done on commercial board a fishing vessel. Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m) 0:00:00 11.02702703 216.1666667 6:00:00 3.263157895 333.2972973 12:00:00 18.56410256 484.3416667 18:00:00 9.5 319.8157895 10.63815789 337.0388889 -Tagging: 24/april/2009 -Time: 30 days -Pop-up: 24/may/2009 -FL: 125 cm -Sex: Male -Distance: 523 km - 6.271 km (209 km/day) -Tagging: 24/april/2009 -Time: 60 days -Pop-up: 23/june/2009 -FL: 170 cm -Sex: Female -Distance: 1.665 km – 14.117 km (235,3 km/day) Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m) 0:00:00 17.75384615 365.3559322 6:00:00 10.73134328 412.2269231 12:00:00 32.91044776 492.2542373 18:00:00 9.855072464 388.5757576 17.75373134 413.814257 -Tagging: 25/June/2010 -Time: 60 days -Pop-up: 24/Agust/2010 -FL: 140 cm -Sex: Male -Distance: 1.174 km – 11.536 km (192,3 km/day) Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m) 0:00:00 1.419354839 213.5181818 6:00:00 2.53968254 168.5166667 12:00:00 0.041666667 184.7777778 18:00:00 2.215384615 214.0403226 1.578 195.2510823 -Tagging: 30/June/2010 -Time: 90 days -Pop-up: 28/September/2010 -FL: 220 cm -Sex: Male -Distance: 840 km – 16.355 km (272,6 km/day) Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m) 0:00:00 0.363636364 59.15322581 6:00:00 5.217391304 193.3707865 12:00:00 3.594594595 261.5072464 18:00:00 6.956521739 212.9438202 4.351851852 187.2928803 -Tagging: 03/July/2010 -Time: 90 days -Pop-up: 01/October/2010 -FL: 130 cm -Sex: Male -Distance: 579 km – 9.660 km (107,3km/day) Hora Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m) 0:00:00 7.012195122 258.7147436 6:00:00 4.085106383 265.0722222 12:00:00 0.13253012 259.3092105 18:00:00 5.505376344 312.9416667 4.210227273 275.1751497 -Tagging: 04/July/2010 -Time: 120 days -Pop-up: 01/November/2010 -FL: 130 cm -Sex: female -Distance: 3.252 km – 13.180 km (109,8km/day) Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m) 0:00:00 11.27272727 121.3548387 6:00:00 11.98717949 217.5733333 12:00:00 18.46478873 252.1727941 18:00:00 15.97142857 198.75 14.41403509 199.6510989 -Tagging: 05/July/2010 -Time: 120 days -Pop-up: 02/November/2010 -FL: 165 cm -Sex: Female -Distancia: 729 km - 13.809 km (115km/day) Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m) 0:00:00 6.315789474 156.6575342 6:00:00 6.342592593 251.1730769 12:00:00 1.75 397.0211268 18:00:00 6.37037037 247.9326923 5.39673913 260.0326705 Acknowledgements: Fishing vessels “AMEAL” and “AMEL” Funding: FCT - Portugal grant (ref.: PTDC/MAR/100345/2008), Save our Seas Foundation, and UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Oceans 2025 Strategic Research Programme. This research was facilitated through the European Tracking of Predators in the Atlantic (EUTOPIA) programme in the European Census of Marine Life.
Transcript of Diving behaviour and movements of satellite tracked short ...
Diving behaviour and movements of satellite tracked short fin mako sharks (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the North Atlantic: preliminary results
Introduction. The shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a highly migratory, pelagic species with circum-global distribution in tropical and temperate seas. This shark is common in Atlantic Ocean where it is mainly caught by longliners targeting swordfish (Xiphias gladius). Despite the high prevalence, economic importance, and vulnerability of this species, little is known about its population dynamics and habitat-use.
Objectives. In this study, pop-up archival transmitting (PAT) tags were deployed, recording vertical and horizontal movements and temperature preferences of oceanic mako sharks, aiming to identify movements, behaviour and habitat preferences of shortfin mako shark. This will help understand population structure and dynamics in relation to fisheries for setting conservation priorities.
Results. A total of nine makos (six males, three females) were caught and tagged in North Atlantic waters, Northwest of the Azores islands, with seven tags reporting data. Tagged sharks ranged from 120 – 245 cm (fork length). Sharks were tracked for a total of 570 days and straight-line tracking distances varied between 523 and 3252 km. Mako sharks displayed different movement patterns, moving south-west, west, north-east and east of the tagging area; including a trans-Atlantic migration into western Iberia waters. Tracked sharks also displayed deep diving behaviour into cold water, with maximum recorded depths of 1064 m (5.8 ºC). Temperature preferences ranged from 5.8 and 27ºC. More tags will be deployed during 2011.
Gonzalo Mucientes (1), Nuno Queiroz (2), Nicholas Humphries (3), Fran Saborido (1), David Sims(3)* (1)IIM-CSIC. Eduardo Cabello, 36208, Vigo. Spain (2) CIBIO. Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão. Portugal (3) MBA. Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, U.K. *corresponding author: [email protected]
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2:00
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8:00
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8:00
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8:00
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2:00
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8:00
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10 6
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2:00
25/1
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2:00
27/1
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8:00
29/1
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10 6
:00
Mako 86400
Mako 86402
Mako 86399
Mako 86401
Mako 86407
Mako 96030
Mako 96031
Material and methods. Satellite tags were programmed to detach 30, 60, 90, 120 or 180 days after deployment were set-up to. Tagging was done on commercial board a fishing vessel.
Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m)
0:00:00 11.02702703 216.1666667
6:00:00 3.263157895 333.2972973
12:00:00 18.56410256 484.3416667
18:00:00 9.5 319.8157895
10.63815789 337.0388889
-Tagging: 24/april/2009-Time: 30 days-Pop-up: 24/may/2009-FL: 125 cm-Sex: Male-Distance: 523 km - 6.271 km (209 km/day)
-Tagging: 24/april/2009-Time: 60 days-Pop-up: 23/june/2009-FL: 170 cm-Sex: Female-Distance: 1.665 km – 14.117 km (235,3 km/day)
Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m)
0:00:00 17.75384615 365.3559322
6:00:00 10.73134328 412.2269231
12:00:00 32.91044776 492.2542373
18:00:00 9.855072464 388.5757576
17.75373134 413.814257
-Tagging: 25/June/2010-Time: 60 days-Pop-up: 24/Agust/2010-FL: 140 cm-Sex: Male-Distance: 1.174 km – 11.536 km (192,3 km/day)
Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m)
0:00:00 1.419354839 213.5181818
6:00:00 2.53968254 168.5166667
12:00:00 0.041666667 184.7777778
18:00:00 2.215384615 214.0403226
1.578 195.2510823
-Tagging: 30/June/2010-Time: 90 days-Pop-up: 28/September/2010-FL: 220 cm-Sex: Male-Distance: 840 km – 16.355 km (272,6 km/day)
Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m)
0:00:00 0.363636364 59.15322581
6:00:00 5.217391304 193.3707865
12:00:00 3.594594595 261.5072464
18:00:00 6.956521739 212.9438202
4.351851852 187.2928803
-Tagging: 03/July/2010-Time: 90 days-Pop-up: 01/October/2010-FL: 130 cm-Sex: Male-Distance: 579 km – 9.660 km (107,3km/day)
Hora Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m)
0:00:00 7.012195122 258.7147436
6:00:00 4.085106383 265.0722222
12:00:00 0.13253012 259.3092105
18:00:00 5.505376344 312.9416667
4.210227273 275.1751497
-Tagging: 04/July/2010-Time: 120 days-Pop-up: 01/November/2010-FL: 130 cm-Sex: female-Distance: 3.252 km – 13.180 km (109,8km/day)
Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m)
0:00:00 11.27272727 121.3548387
6:00:00 11.98717949 217.5733333
12:00:00 18.46478873 252.1727941
18:00:00 15.97142857 198.75
14.41403509 199.6510989
-Tagging: 05/July/2010-Time: 120 days-Pop-up: 02/November/2010-FL: 165 cm-Sex: Female-Distancia: 729 km - 13.809 km (115km/day)
Hour Average MinDepth (m) Average MaxDepth (m)
0:00:00 6.315789474 156.6575342
6:00:00 6.342592593 251.1730769
12:00:00 1.75 397.0211268
18:00:00 6.37037037 247.9326923
5.39673913 260.0326705
Acknowledgements: Fishing vessels “AMEAL” and “AMEL”
Funding: FCT - Portugal grant (ref.: PTDC/MAR/100345/2008), Save our Seas Foundation, and UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Oceans 2025 Strategic Research Programme. This research was facilitated through the European Tracking of Predators in the Atlantic (EUTOPIA) programme in the European Census of Marine Life.
