Dissertation Phase 1

7/25/2019 Dissertation Phase 1

1/33

Experimental Study of Properties of concrete reinforcedwith Glass ber & Polypropylene ber


2/33


3/33

Use of short discrete bers in cementitious composites

(concrete) is one approach to mitigate the cracking andincreasing the tensile straining capacity.

Strengthening cement by adding bers was rst done in190! when asbestos"cement entered the market.

#he desire for a more $ersatile product! one that could e$enbe eld mi%ed and applied! as well as the recent stress onha&ards of asbestos bers has helped stimulate acceleratedresearch on other synthetic bers for cement productreinforcement.

#here were earlier e'orts! but serious synthetic berresearch really started in the late fties and early si%ties! andcommercial products and applications ha$e only begun to

appear in the last $e or si% years.


4/33

#he term ber reinforced concrete (*) is dened by +*,

*ommittee - as a concrete made of hydraulic cementscontaining ne or ne and coarse aggregates anddiscontinuous discrete bers.

esearchers ha$e e$aluated a number of bers! includingcarbon steel! stainless steel! carbon! $arious plastics! rock

wool and glass. #he success of glass / polypropylene berreinforcement for plastics had made glass ber mi%ed intocement and concrete look like a winner.

esearchers struck out when they rst tried this! howe$er. #estsamples were initially strong but the strength dropped o' as

the samples aged because the highly alkaline en$ironmentpro$ided by ortland cement attacked surfaces of the glassbers.

#he problem associated with glass ber let to de$elopment of

new +lkali esistance lass iber / ropylene iber.


5/33

MATERA! "SE# $ %$%RETE

%ement '+ cement is a binder! a substance that sets and hardensand can bind other materials together. enerally cement can befurther classied in two forms i.e. 3..* / ..* cements

A((re(ate'or aggregate coarse sand is used as ne aggregateand stone grit as coarse aggregate.

)ater'4ater is the most important and least e%pensi$e ingredientof concrete. + part of mi%ing water is utili&ed in the hydration of

cement to form the binding matri% in which the inert aggregates areheld in suspension until the matri% has hardened.


6/33

Super Plastici*ers' Use of super plastici&ers permits the

reduction of water up to 50 percent without reducingworkability in contrast to the possible reduction up to 1-percent in case of plastici&ers.

Glass ber' lass ber (also spelled glass ber) is a materialconsisting of numerous e%tremely ne bers of glass. lass

ber is formed when thin strands of silica based or otherformulation glass are e%truded into many bers with smalldiameters. Until this time! all glass ber had beenmanufactured as staple (that is! clusters of short lengths ofber). #he rst commercial production of glass ber was in

1956. ,n 195 3wens",llinois lass *ompanyand*orning lass 4orks7oined to form the3wens"*orning iberglas *orporation. 4hen the two companies7oined to produce and promote glass ber! they introducedcontinuous lamentglass bers. 3wens"*orning is still the

ma7or glass"ber producer in the market today.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owens-Illinois_Glass_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corning_Glass_Workshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owens-Corning_Fiberglas_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filament_(textiles)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filament_(textiles)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owens-Corning_Fiberglas_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corning_Glass_Workshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owens-Illinois_Glass_Company


7/33

Properties & %lassication of Glass +iber'

+i( of %emi,+il Anti,%rac- ./# Glass +iber obtained from

wens %rownin(/

S/$o Properties E 0Glass AR, Glass S,Glass

1 #ensile Strength (pa) 5.- 5.- .6

2 8odolous (pa) 5.- 1- 6.

3 :longation (;) . < -.

3 =ensity (gm>cc)


8/33

G!ASS +7ER "SE# $ T.S T.ESS',

%lass'+lkali esistant which is obtained by adding &irconia

(&irconium o%ide) to the glass"the best bers ha$e &irconiacontents of 16; to 1; or higher.

$ame'*em"il +nti"*rack! @="1


9/33

7enets of %em,+il Anti,%rac-9 .# +iber'

1.,ncrease *ompressi$e Strength.#haw e%pansion.


10/33

Polypropylene bers ' olypropylene bers were rstsuggested for use in 196- as an admi%ture in concrete forconstruction of blast resistant buildings meant for the US

*orps of :ngineers. olypropylene bers are thermo plasticsproduced from ropylene gas. #he structure of the brillatedpolypropylene bers is such that it pro$ides threedimensional reinforcement to the cementitious matri% thusDenhancing tensile strength, tensile strain capacityandthe impro$ed resistance to impact and fatigue.

+i( of Recron 3s Polypropylene +iber obtained from Reliancendustry


11/33

Recron 3 S +ibers Ad8anta(es9 Specications andProperties'

Major Advantages of Recron 3 S Fibers:

1. eduction in lastic Shrinkage.


12/33

Major Specifcation of Recron 3 S Fibers:

he !roperties of Recron 3 S are as under:

S/$o PropertyMicro

+ibre:PET;

Micro

+ibre:PP;

Macro

+ibre

1 8aterial olyester olypropylene olypropylene

2Shape>*ross

Section#riangular #riangular Bon *ircular

3 :'ecti$e =iameter 10 E 0 microns 10"0 microns 0."1.< mm

4 Specic ra$ity 1.51"1.59 0.9 0.9

5 8elting oint


13/33

ecron 5S with their usage restrict the occurrence of rstcrack and reduce further crack propagation due to thermalstresses and loading by working in three dimension matri% of

concrete as gi$en in the ber mechanism diagram is gi$enbelowC

Recron 3 S +ibers Applications'

".!avements#$ement $oncrete %$$& Roads AndFloorings.

'.R$$ Structures, (ridges ) *ams.

3.!laster#Mortar#Screeds.

+.A!!-$A-/S -/ (AS R0S-SA/$0


14/33

7E%T


15/33

RESEAR%. SG$+%A$%E'

1.#he signicance of this research is to work on bothstrength and durability criteria of concrete.


16/33

1/ General'Use of glass bers in concrete was rst

attempted by Airyuko$ich in the year 196-. +fter this initialwork! a substantial amount of research! de$elopment!e%perimentation! and industrial application of berreinforced concrete has occurred.

2/ Pre8ious )or-s on Glass +iber Reinforced

%oncrete & Polypropylene Reinforced%oncrete'G/ yothi Cumari9 et al D1 studied beha$ior of concretebeams reinforced with glass ber reinforced polymer Fatsand obser$ed that beams with silica coated lass berreinforced polymer () Fats had shownC

1.Good ductilityof concrete and shear reinforcement haveshown failure at higher loads.

2.The strength of the composites, ats or bars depends uponthe ber orientation and ber to matrix ratio.

.!oncrete having higher ber content would ha$e higher

tensile strength.


17/33

#r/ P/ Srini8asa Rao9 et al D2 conducted durabilitystudies on glass ber reinforced concrete. *oncrete of850! 80 and 8-0 grade were used .#he strength ofglass ber reinforced concrete were compared with

ordinary concrete. esult obtained wereC#he durabilityof concrete was increasedby adding

alkali resistant glass bers in the concrete.

#he e%perimental study showed that addition ofglass bers in concrete gi$es a reduction in

bleeding.#he addition of glass bers had shown impro$ement

in the resistance of concrete to the attac" of acids.


18/33

Bo(esh Murthy9 et al D3 studied the performance oflass iber einforced *oncrete. esult obtained wereC

#he use of glass ber in concrete not only impro$esthe properties of concrete and a small cost cutting

but also pro$ide easy outlet to dispose the glass asenvironmental waste from the industry.

rom the study it could be re$ealed that theexural strength of the beam with 1.#$ glass bershows almost %$ increase in the strength.

#he reduction in slumpobser$ed with the increasein glass ber content.


19/33

A8inash Gornale9 et al D4 studied the strength aspectof glass ber reinforced concrete. 8


20/33

GriFths D5 conducted study to in$estigate the

mechanical properties of glass ber reinforced polyesterpolymer concrete. #he result obtained wereC

#he modulus of ruptureof polymer concretecontaining


21/33

2@@= Edition of Technical Report $o/ 65 D6 the use

of macro synthetic ber does not ha$e any signicantstructural e'ect on the concrete! which would be e%pectedof traditional steel bar or fabric reinforcement

Richardson D= suggested that a higher dosageofpolypropylene bers would lower the compressivestrength.

.asan9 Afro* and Mahmud D> found a mild increasein

compressive strengthin relation to polypropylene bercontent.

Richardson9 %o8entry and !andless D?found no e'ecton compressive strength by addition of polypropylene ber

to record.


22/33

P/ Rathish Cumar and C/ Sri-anth et at :2@@>; D1@in H(tili)ation *f +rticial ibers,n *onstruction,ndustryI obser$ed thatC

#here was no considerable change in compressivestrengthwith optimum ber addition but addition ofber is e'ective in split tensile and exuralstrength!

Glass ber giving higher strength than-olypropylene bers.

#hepost pea" strainsare more for polypropylenebased specimens as compared to Glass ber basedspecimens! but they carry lower Fe%ural strength


23/33


24/33

%ement' hysical roperties of 3..* 5 rade AirlaUttam *ement

S/$o Parametersbser8ed


25/33

+ine A((re(ate'#he ne aggregate used was locally

a$ailable ri$er sand passed through .-mm ,S sie$e.%haracteristics bser8ed


26/33

%ompressi8e Stren(th Test'

#he cube specimen was placed in the machine! of

sG.cm>min until the resistance of the specimen tothe increasing load can be sustained.


27/33

+lexural Stren(th Test'

ormula used for *alculating le%ural StrengthC

where! is Fe%ural strength (modulus of rupture)! - isma%imum indicated load! / is span length! b is width ofspecimen! and d is depth of the specimen


28/33

Split Tensile Stren(th test'

ormula used for *alculating #ensile Strength C

where! # is tensile strength! is compression load at failure!l is length of cylinder! and d is diameter of the cylinder.


29/33

#he use of glass ber and polypropylene ber as aningredient in concrete has $arious ad$antagesC light weight!tight cracks! ease of use! safe handling! and rapid dispersion.

@owe$er! measuring the post"crack capacity of the ber"reinforced concrete section could compare the relati$eperformance of di'erent ber products. +s a result!comparing post"crack performance of glass ber withpolypropylene ber will re$eal the di'erences in the way thematerials work.

#wo purposes of testC rst to compare the post"crack capacityperformance of the section +nd second to use the Fe%uralstrength parameter resulted from beam tests of berreinforced concrete.

#he result will be presented later in ne%t part of report.


30/33

L1M. + . Nyothi Oumari! A . Nagannadha ao and * 8. P.

Seshagiri ao ( L


31/33

L-M. riths . (


32/33

L9M. ichardson! +.:.! *o$entry! O. +nd Tandless! S.


33/33

Dissertation Phase 1

Documents

Transcript of Dissertation Phase 1