Diseases of mango

Diseases of Mango Diseases of Mango

Diseases of MangoDiseases of Mango

1) Anthracnose1) Anthracnose: : Colletotrichum gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioides

2) 2) Powdery mildewPowdery mildew: : Oidium mangiferae (Acrosporium Oidium mangiferae (Acrosporium mangiferae)mangiferae)

3) 3) Mango malformationMango malformation : : Fusarium moniliforme Fusarium moniliforme vvar. ar. subglutinanssubglutinans

4) 4) Stem end rotStem end rot: : Botrydiplodia theobromaeBotrydiplodia theobromae

5) 5) Red rustRed rust: : Cephaleurus mycoidesCephaleurus mycoides

6) 6) Grey BlightGrey Blight:: Pestalotia mangiferae Pestalotia mangiferae

7) 7) Sooty mouldSooty mould: : Capnodium mangiferaeCapnodium mangiferae

Anthracnose:Anthracnose: Colletotrichum Colletotrichum gloeosporioidesgloeosporioides

SymptomsSymptoms Produces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigs Produces leaf spots, blossom blight, wither tip, twigs

blight and fruit rot.blight and fruit rot. Small blister like spots develop on the leaves and Small blister like spots develop on the leaves and

twigs. Young leaves wither and dry Tender twigs twigs. Young leaves wither and dry Tender twigs wither and die back symptom appears.wither and die back symptom appears.

Affected branches ultimately dry up. Black spots Affected branches ultimately dry up. Black spots appear on fruits.appear on fruits.

The fruit pulp becomes hard, crack and decay at The fruit pulp becomes hard, crack and decay at ripening. Infected fruits dropripening. Infected fruits drop

Mango;AnthracnoseMango;Anthracnose

Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on Symptoms on

Fruits Leaves fruitsFruits Leaves fruits

ManagementManagement

Spray Spray P. fluorescensP. fluorescens (FP 7) at 3 weeks interval (FP 7) at 3 weeks interval commencing from October at 5g/like on flower commencing from October at 5g/like on flower branches.branches.

5-7 sprays one to be given on flowers and 5-7 sprays one to be given on flowers and bunches.bunches.

Before storage, treat with hot water, (50-55°C) Before storage, treat with hot water, (50-55°C) for 15 minutes or dip in Benomyl solution for 15 minutes or dip in Benomyl solution (500ppm) or Thiobendazole (1000ppm) for 5 (500ppm) or Thiobendazole (1000ppm) for 5 minutesminutes

Powdery mildewPowdery mildewOidium mangiferae (Acrosporum Oidium mangiferae (Acrosporum

mangiferae)mangiferae)SymptomsSymptoms It attacks the leaves, flowers, stalks of panicle and It attacks the leaves, flowers, stalks of panicle and

fruits.fruits. Shedding of infected leaves occurs when the disease Shedding of infected leaves occurs when the disease

is severe. is severe. The affected fruits do not grow in size and may drop The affected fruits do not grow in size and may drop

before attaining pea size. before attaining pea size. Survives as dormant mycelium in affected leaves.Survives as dormant mycelium in affected leaves. Secondary spread by air borne conidiaSecondary spread by air borne conidia

Mango;Powdery mildewMango;Powdery mildew

Infected leaf Healthy leaf Inflorescens Infected leaf Healthy leaf Inflorescens


Dusting the plants with fine sulphur (250-300 Dusting the plants with fine sulphur (250-300 mesh) at the rate of 0.5 kg/tree.mesh) at the rate of 0.5 kg/tree.

The first application may be soon after The first application may be soon after flowering, second 15 days later (or) spray with flowering, second 15 days later (or) spray with Wettable sulphur (0.2%), (or) Carbendazim Wettable sulphur (0.2%), (or) Carbendazim (0.1%),(or) Tridemorph ( 0.1%),(or) Karathane (0.1%),(or) Tridemorph ( 0.1%),(or) Karathane (0.1%).(0.1%).

Mango malformation : Mango malformation : Fusarium Fusarium moliliforme vmoliliforme var. ar. subglutinanssubglutinans

SymptomsSymptoms Three types of symptoms: bunchy top phase, floral malformation Three types of symptoms: bunchy top phase, floral malformation

and vegetative malformation.and vegetative malformation. In bunchy top phase in nursery bunching of thickened small In bunchy top phase in nursery bunching of thickened small

shoots, bearing small rudimentally leaves. Shoots remain short shoots, bearing small rudimentally leaves. Shoots remain short and stunted giving a bunchy top appearance.and stunted giving a bunchy top appearance.

In vegetative malformation, excessive vegetative branches of In vegetative malformation, excessive vegetative branches of limited growth in seedlings. They are swollen with short limited growth in seedlings. They are swollen with short internodes forming bunches of various size and the top of the internodes forming bunches of various size and the top of the seedlings shows bunchy top appearance.seedlings shows bunchy top appearance.

In malformation of inflorescens, shows variation in the panicle. In malformation of inflorescens, shows variation in the panicle. Malformed head dries up in black mass and persist for long Malformed head dries up in black mass and persist for long time.time.

Secondary branches are transformed into number of small leaves Secondary branches are transformed into number of small leaves giving a witches broome appearancegiving a witches broome appearance

Mango malformationMango malformation

Flower malformation Flower malformation Mango malformation


Diseased plants should be destroyedDiseased plants should be destroyed Use of disease free planting materialUse of disease free planting material Incidence reduced by spraying 100-200ppm Incidence reduced by spraying 100-200ppm

NAA during October.NAA during October. Pruning of diseased parts along the basal 15-20 Pruning of diseased parts along the basal 15-20

cm apparently healthy portions.cm apparently healthy portions. This is followed by the spraying of Carbendazim This is followed by the spraying of Carbendazim

(0.1%) or Captafol (0.2%).(0.1%) or Captafol (0.2%).

Stem end rot: Stem end rot: Diplodia natalensisDiplodia natalensis

SymptomsSymptoms The dark epicarp around the base of the pedicelThe dark epicarp around the base of the pedicel In the initial stage the affected area enlarges to In the initial stage the affected area enlarges to

form a circular, black patchform a circular, black patch Under humid atmosphere extends rapidly and Under humid atmosphere extends rapidly and

turns the whole fruit completely black within turns the whole fruit completely black within two or three days.two or three days.

The pulp becomes brown and somewhat softer.The pulp becomes brown and somewhat softer. Dead twigs and bark of the trees, spread by rainsDead twigs and bark of the trees, spread by rains

Stem end rotStem end rot

Infected fruits Infected fruits


Prune and destroy infected twigs and spray Prune and destroy infected twigs and spray Carbendazim or Thiophanate Methyl(0.1%) orCarbendazim or Thiophanate Methyl(0.1%) or

Chlorathalonil (0.2%) as fortnightly interval Chlorathalonil (0.2%) as fortnightly interval during rainy season.during rainy season.

Red-rust: Red-rust: Cephaleuros virescensCephaleuros virescens

SymptomsSymptoms Algae attacks foliage and young twigs.Algae attacks foliage and young twigs. Rusty spots appear on leaves, initially as circular, slightly Rusty spots appear on leaves, initially as circular, slightly

elevated, coalesce to form irregular spots.elevated, coalesce to form irregular spots. The spores mature fall off and leave cream to white The spores mature fall off and leave cream to white

valvet texture on the surface of the leavesvalvet texture on the surface of the leaves

ManagementManagement Bordeaux mixture (0.6%) or Copper oxychloride 0.25%Bordeaux mixture (0.6%) or Copper oxychloride 0.25%

Mango;Red-rustMango;Red-rust

Infected leaf Healthy leafInfected leaf Healthy leaf

Grey Blight : Grey Blight : Pestalotia mangiferaePestalotia mangiferae

SymptomsSymptoms Brown spots develop on the margin and at the tip of Brown spots develop on the margin and at the tip of

the leaf lamina. They increase in size and become the leaf lamina. They increase in size and become dark brown. Black dots appear on the spots which are dark brown. Black dots appear on the spots which are acervuli of the fungus.acervuli of the fungus.

Survive on mango leaves for over a year. Spreads Survive on mango leaves for over a year. Spreads through wind borne conidia.through wind borne conidia.

Heavy infection is noticed during the monsoon when Heavy infection is noticed during the monsoon when the temperature is 20-25oC.and high humidity.the temperature is 20-25oC.and high humidity.


Remove and destroy infected plant parts.Remove and destroy infected plant parts. Spraying copper oxychloride 0.25 Mancozeb Spraying copper oxychloride 0.25 Mancozeb

0.25% or Bordeaux mixture 1.0%.0.25% or Bordeaux mixture 1.0%.

Sooty mould : Sooty mould : Capnodium mangiferaeCapnodium mangiferae

SymptomsSymptoms The fungi produce mycelium which is superficial and The fungi produce mycelium which is superficial and

dark. They row on sugary secretions of the plant dark. They row on sugary secretions of the plant hoppers. Black encrustation is formed which affect hoppers. Black encrustation is formed which affect the photosynthetic activity.the photosynthetic activity.

The fungus grows on the leaf surface on the sugary The fungus grows on the leaf surface on the sugary substances secreted by jassids, aphids and scale substances secreted by jassids, aphids and scale insects.insects.

Sooty mouldSooty mould

Healthy leaf Infected leaf Healthy leaf Infected leaf


Management should be done for insects and sooty Management should be done for insects and sooty moulds simultaneously. moulds simultaneously.

Controlling of insect by spraying systemic insecticides Controlling of insect by spraying systemic insecticides like Monocrotophos or methyl dematonlike Monocrotophos or methyl dematon

After that spray starch solution (1kg Starch/Maida in 5 After that spray starch solution (1kg Starch/Maida in 5 litres of water. Boiled and dilute to 20 liters)litres of water. Boiled and dilute to 20 liters)

Starch dries and forms flake which are removed along Starch dries and forms flake which are removed along with the fungus.with the fungus.

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Diseases of mango

Science

Transcript of Diseases of mango