Disease Disease - Any change, other than an injury, that interferes with normal functioning of the...
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Transcript of Disease Disease - Any change, other than an injury, that interferes with normal functioning of the...
![Page 1: Disease Disease - Any change, other than an injury, that interferes with normal functioning of the body Pathogen – a disease-causing microorganism Infection.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697c0021a28abf838cc3628/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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DiseaseDisease - Any change, other than an injury,
that interferes with normal functioning of the body
Pathogen – a disease-causing microorganism Infection – when a body is successfully
invaded by a pathogenInfectious disease – a disease that can be
transmitted from person to person, or animal to person, or insect to person, etc.
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How do diseases spread?It depends on the diseaseAir, wounds, contaminated water, food,
infected animals, insects, sex, etc.
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Germ TheoryBefore the theory (mid-1800s), people
believed that disease was caused by bad luck or evil spirits
Germ theory states that microorganisms cause disease
Louis Pasteur – first scientist to create a vaccine
Anton VanLeeuenhook – invented the microscope, could see microscopic organisms for the first time
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VirusesVirus – non-cellular,
non-livingInvade the host cells
(humans) and use those cells to reproduce themselves – CANNOT do this without the host
Hard to “cure”, but vaccines help to prevent the disease
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BacteriaSingle cellsProkaryotesMost bacteria are
harmlessCan cause disease
by killing your cells, producing toxins, or invading your cells like a virus
Many can be killed with antibiotics
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FungusMushrooms and molds are harmless
examplesMost fungi are harmlessAthlete’s foot, ring worm and San Joaquin
Valley Fever are examples of fungal diseases
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ProtozoaSingle celled
eukaryotesMost common in
humid regions of the world
Malaria – caused by Plasmodium (infects red blood cells)
Hard to cure because protozoa are similar to our cells, so drugs that kill them, also kill our own cells
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Helminths (worms)Enter through human digestive tract or skinCan be ingested: trichinosis (under cooked
pork), guinea worm disease (contaminated water),
Can enter through skin: schistosoma (schistosomiasis) – through snail infested water, Filaria worms cause elephantiasis – from mosquito bites
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Classifying diseaseEmerging –
apparently “new” diseases
Re-emerging – diseases that have recently increased in incidence after a period of decline
Endemic – diseases that have remained relatively constant in incidence throughout recorded history
Emerging diseases
Re-emerging diseases
Endemic Diseases
AIDS, Cholera, Ebola, influenza, legionnaire disease, lyme disease
Tuberculosis, malaria, schistosomiasis
Pneumonia, polio, guinea worm disease, plague, strep throat