Disaster Management - The Energy and Resources Institute · 2018-01-29 · Disaster Management:...
Transcript of Disaster Management - The Energy and Resources Institute · 2018-01-29 · Disaster Management:...
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Disaster Management: Disaster threat, Traditional practices,
Policy interventions and way forward
Piyoosh Rautela Executive Director, Disaster Mitigation and Management Centre (DMMC)
Department of Disaster Management, Government of Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand Secretariat, Dehradun – 248 001
Uttarakhand
0091 135 2710232, 2710233, 2710334, 1070
0091 135 2710199, 2710335
Visit us at <http://www.dmmc.uk.gov.in> or
<www.facebook.com/#!/pages/Disaster-Mitigation-and-Management-Centre-DMMC>
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Presentation outline
• Disaster scenario: Uttarakhand
• Traditional disaster management practices
• Way forward
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Uttarakhand / Himalaya: Highly prone to disasters
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Disaster proneness owed to
High relief
Ongoing tectonism
High seasonal precipitation
Evolutionary history of the terrain
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Geomorphic evolution of
Himalayas is still taking place at
a fast pace
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Gohna 1934
Gohna lake
was created
on Birahi
Ganga by a
landslide in
1894
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Gohna February 2008
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Gohna 2012
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Kalp Kedar, Dharali 1866
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Kalp Kedar, Dharali 2007
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Kalp Kedar, Dharali April, 2013
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Natural hazards in
Uttarakhand
Earthquake
Landslide
Floods / Flash flood
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Natural hazards in
Uttarakhand
Cloudburst, Hailstorms
Avalanche
Forest Fire
Drought
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Factors enhancing the
vulnerability
Lack of awareness
Unplanned growth
Difficult approach
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Factors enhancing the
vulnerability
Concentration of population
Lack of land use / debris disposal
policy
Non existence / non compliance of
regulations
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Earthquake
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Seismic Zoning Map of India
Source: IS 1893
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Seismic Zoning Map of Uttarakhand
Source: IS 1893
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Uttarakhand is located between the epicenters
of two Great earthquakes (M>8 on Richter
Scale);
Bihar – Nepal earthquake of 1935
(M = 8.3) to its east
and
Kangara earthquake of 1905
(M = 8.6) to its west
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Landslides, cloudburst
and flash floods
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Phata Landslide of 16th July, 2001
Casualties - 15 persons
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Byung Gad Landslide
of 16th July, 2001
Casualties - 5 persons
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Malpa Landslide
(Rock fall) of 1998
Casualties > 250
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Okhimath Landslide of 1998
Casualties > 100
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Flash Flood
Sudden flooding
Sudden rise in the discharge of
seasonal streams
No warning time
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Cloudburst
Heavy rainfall in localised area
within small time duration
Causes sudden rise in the discharge
of seasonal streams
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Human toll of landslides and flash floods in Uttarakhand
2001 28 2008 77
2002 37 2009 66
2003 19 2010 220
2004 56 2011 68
2005 74 2012 176
2006 19 2013 4218
2007 57 2014 66
Total 5181
Average 370
Average w/o 2013 74
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Forest fire, cloudburst, failure of rains
and hailstorms together with avalanche
are other disasters that take a heavy toll
in Uttarakhand.
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Human toll of road accidents in Uttarakhand
Year Incidents Deaths Injured
2005 - 90 118
2006 55 202 477
2007 186 400 1143
2008 216 543 1163
2009 181 278 1026
2010 162 354 771
2011 144 251 749
2012 217 361 929
2013 183 290 718
2014 150 253 624
Total 1494 3022 7718
Average 166 302 772
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Traditional resource
management practices
and
vulnerability reduction
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Water: A must for survival
but also cause of many disasters
Landslide
Flood / flash flood
Drought ..
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View of a traditional Chaal (recharge pit)
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Water Resource Management
People could now settle down on the
upper reaches away from streams
and rivers
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Jungle guls
Water Resource Management
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Habitation on the ridges
and
agriculture on valleys
Terracing of hill slope
Landslide and flash flood
Mitigation
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Unbunded far flung fields
Seasonal migration
Landslide and flash flood
Mitigation
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Earthquake safety
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Multistoreyed houses common
in the region
Different words to identify four
different floors in Kumaoni
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Koti Banal
architecture:
1,000 year
old
earthquake
resistant
houses
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Drought Management
Development of drought resistant
crop varieties
Landholding pattern
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Recent innovations for
managing road accidents
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Disruption of traditional
practices
Dawn of Money Order
Economy
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Thank you all for being a wonderful audience