Dewr 6760 Aust Jobs2011 7.0 Fixed After Proof.Indd

AUSTRALIAN JOBS

2011

AUSTRALIAN JOBS 20112

Contents

National, state and territory labour markets

Labour market overview 4National overview 5New South Wales 6Victoria 7Queensland 8South Australia 9Western Australia 10Tasmania 11Northern Territory 12Australian Capital Territory 12

Industries Industry overview 13Australia’s changing industry structure 14Accommodation and Food Services 14Administrative and Support Services 15Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 15Arts and Recreation Services 16Construction 16Education and Training 17Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 17Financial and Insurance Services 18Health Care and Social Assistance 18Information Media and Telecommunications 19Manufacturing 19Mining 20Other Services 20Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services 21Public Administration and Safety 21Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 22Retail Trade 22Transport, Postal and Warehousing 23Wholesale Trade 23

Occupations and skills Occupational overview 24Occupational clusters and skill level 25Industry and occupational projections 26Who is in-training? 27Education and employment 28Employability skills 30Skills for sustainability 31Employment, education and training services 32Regional assistance 33

Job Prospects Matrix Guide to the Job Prospects Matrix 35Job Prospects Matrix 36Australian Jobs 2011 data sources 43

HOW CAN I USE AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2011?Australian Jobs 2011 presents information for people exploring careers or education and training options, as well as those currently looking for work or wanting assistance to enter or re-enter the labour market. The publication includes information about employment trends by region, occupation and industry, together with projected employment growth and job prospects.

The 2011 edition focuses on the variations in labour markets across regions of Australia. Regional labour markets vary markedly in terms of their industry composition, age and educational profi les. It is useful to know which are the key industries in your region and to understand the profi le of the workforce, as this information gives you an insight into where the jobs are, how strong replacement demand will be, whether new jobs are being created and whether jobs are likely to require high levels of skill or qualifi cation.

Although the requirements for specifi c skills vary across regions and industries, overall, the demand for skilled workers is growing strongly as the Australian economy continues to strengthen.

It is also true that no matter in which region or industry you work, employers place very strong value on employability skills, that is, those non-technical skills required to work effectively (information is on page 30). When you are competing with many people for positions, it can be diffi cult to make yourself stand out from the crowd. Australian Jobs provides an insight into the value of post-school education and training, as well as providing information about employability skills, to help you get the job you want, develop your career and support you to make informed choices.

The publication also highlights Government services available to assist you if you are looking for a job or want support for training or need help after you have found a job (pages 32 to 34).

While education and training is vital, one of the most diffi cult challenges, that even the most highly educated person can face, is breaking into the labour market with little or no workplace experience. It’s important to keep in mind that an entry level job can provide you with the workplace skills and experience that will be the vital fi rst stepping stone to success in the labour market.

Although information contained in Australian Jobs 2011 is as up-to-date as we can make it, the labour market can change quickly and the skills needed by employers vary across industries and geographic locations. Consequently, employment and training decisions need to be based on a range of information including expectations about pay, working conditions, skills and interests as well as training requirements and long term goals. Consider information from a wide range of sources. Useful sites include

www.deewr.gov.au – education, training, employment and workplace information

www.jobguide.deewr.gov.au – careers options and job requirements

www.joboutlook.gov.au – occupational information

www.jobsearch.gov.au – current employment vacancies

www.myfuture.edu.au – get the facts and personalise your careers exploration.

The content of Australian Jobs 2011 is based on information available at the time of publication. Over time, the reliability of the data and analysis may diminish. The Commonwealth, its offi cers, employees and agents do not accept responsibility for any inaccuracies contained in the report or for any negligence in the compilation of the report and disclaim liability for any loss suffered for any person arising from the use of this report. Labour market information must be used cautiously as employment prospects can change over time and vary by region. It is important in making and assessing career choices to consider all factors, including interests and aptitudes, remuneration and expectations, and the requirements of occupations.

Inquiries about Australian Jobs should be directed to [email protected]

AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2011 3

Minister’s foreword

Australia has a strong labour market, and our continued low unemployment confi rms the underlying strength of the Australian economy. It is clear, though, that the natural disasters over early 2011 have taken a signifi cant toll on the people and the economy in Queensland, and we now have an unprecedented rebuilding task.

Many more skilled workers will be needed, not only to meet the challenges of this task, but also to meet employer needs nationally as the economy continues to grow. The Australian Government is continuing to invest in skills, training and education. This focus is important to ensure that employers have the skilled labour they need and to enable all Australians, no matter where they live, to share in the enormous benefi ts and opportunities provided by a strong economy.

Developing a highly skilled and educated workforce is at the very heart of the Gillard Government’s plan to build an economy that will meet the challenges of the future.

To meet the strong skills demand, the Gillard Government has made record investments in education and training. Our landmark reforms have opened the doors of Australian universities to a new generation of students. In 2011 there are an extra 50 000 undergraduate students enrolled at Australian universities compared with 2009.

There are also now a record 448 800 apprentices and trainees in-training across the nation.

At every age and at every stage in life, Australians must have access to education and training to gain the skills they need to take the high-paid, high-skilled jobs on offer in our economy.

The Australian Jobs 2011 publication supports this aim by providing a wealth of information about the labour market and about Australian Government services which can assist you if you need help to develop your skills or fi nd employment. It highlights the industries in which employment is expected to grow most strongly over the next fi ve years and provides an insight into regional labour markets and the opportunities they provide.

I recommend this valuable resource to anyone interested in education, training and work.

Chris Evans



LABOUR MARKET OVERVIEW

The changing labour marketOver the last 20 years, the nature of the Australian labour market has changed considerably. Today’s workforce is different from the one that existed several decades ago. Over this period, we have seen

the ageing of the population•

a considerable increase in the participation of women in the workforce•

a much greater focus on skilled jobs and slower growth in lower skilled jobs •

a greater number of young people choosing to participate in education•

technological change, greater labour market fl exibility and economic • reforms which have helped to transform peoples’ working arrangements.

Following the end of the early 1990s recession up until the onset of the global recession in September 2008, the demand for workers in Australia was high.

Indeed, over the 15 years to September 2008, employment growth • was exceptionally strong, increasing by around 3.2 million (or an annual average rate of 2.3%).

Full-time employment rose by 1.9 million over the period (an annual • average rate of 1.9%), while part-time employment increased by almost 1.3 million (or an annual average rate of 3.6%), although the rise in part-time employment was clearly off a much lower base.

The global recession and the labour marketFollowing the onset of the global recession the Australian labour market slowed signifi cantly.

Employment increased by just 0.4% between September 2008 and • September 2009, compared with an annual average growth rate of 2.8% over the fi ve years to September 2008.

The unemployment rate increased, from 4.3% in September 2008 to • a peak of 5.8% in September 2009.

Unemployment rose signifi cantly over the year to September 2009 (up • by 182 900 or 37.6%). However, this would have been much larger had employers not chosen, at least in the fi rst instance, to reduce employee hours in an attempt to avoid redundancies.

Refl ecting this, over the year to September 2009, the level of part-time • employment increased by 182 400 (or 5.9%) while full-time employment declined by 136 400 (or 1.7%).

A number of other factors also helped restrict the rise in unemployment • in Australia during the global recession, including signifi cant investments in public infrastructure and resilient demand for our mining exports.

Recovery from the global recessionLabour market conditions have strengthened considerably since the height of the global recession and have been particularly robust over the past year.

Employment increased solidly, by 309 500 (or 2.8%) between March • 2010 and March 2011, with more than 90% of total employment growth accounted for by full-time employment.

The unemployment rate fell from 5.3% to 4.9%. •

The participation rate (the proportion of adults in Australia who are either • employed or are looking for work) increased by 0.5 percentage points over the year to stand at a near record high of 65.8% in March 2011.

Unemployment Rate and Annual Employment Growth, March 1991 to March 2011 (%)

Source: ABS Labour Force Survey, trend data

Interesting facts about regional labour marketsThere are more than 4.1 million jobs in regional Australia. Five industries employ more than 300 000 workers in regional Australia. These industries are Retail Trade (463 400 workers), Health Care and Social Assistance (461 500), Construction (395 800), Manufacturing (347 400) and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (331 500).

Those job seekers who are mobile, or who are prepared to up-skill or retrain, particularly in occupations where there are shortages, will have a great advantage in the labour market.

The Government offers a broad range of assistance to help job seekers • to train (see pages 32 to 34).

There are also incentives available for eligible job seekers who are • considering relocating for work or an apprenticeship (see page 33).

Keeping in touch with local labour market conditions and what skills are in demand is also important.

If you are considering moving to fi nd work, or just want to research your • local labour market, you can explore facts and fi gures about your region through the Labour Market Information Portal (www.deewr.gov.au/lmip).

Other resources such as • www.deewr.gov.au/skillshortages will let you know what skilled occupations are currently in shortage.

Information on outcomes for university and vocational education and • training graduates can also be a valuable resource for informing your career choices (see pages 28 and 29).

Jobs Services Australia providers are located in more than 2100 towns, cities and rural sites across Australia. Job Services Australia provides opportunities for training, skills development, work experience and tailored assistance. See page 32 for more information.

Unemployment Rate (%) Annual Employment Growth (%)

Unem

ploy

men

t Rat

e (%

)

Annu

al E

mpl

oym

ent G

row

th (%

)

Mar

-91

Mar

-92

Mar

-93

Mar

-94

Mar

-95

Mar

-96

Mar

-97

Mar

-98

Mar

-99

Mar

-00

Mar

-01

Mar

-02

Mar

-03

Mar

-04

Mar

-05

Mar

-06

Mar

-07

Mar

-08

Mar

-09

Mar

-10

Mar

-11

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

-4.0

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0



Australia’s labour marketKey labour market statisticsEmployment (number) 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 13.1Working part-time % 30Female % 45Aged 45 years or older % 38Employment outside state capital cities % 37

Education

Without post-school qualifi cations % 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 26

Australia’s population is around 22.3 million and almost 11.4 million Australians are employed. The workforce is highly concentrated, with more than three in every four workers employed in the three most populous states. New South Wales is the largest employing state with around 3.6 million workers, followed by Victoria, almost 2.9 million, and Queensland, 2.3 million. The smallest state, Tasmania, employs 237 400 workers, although the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory have smaller workforces.

Despite the impact of the global recession, particularly from late 2008 to late 2009, every state and territory recorded an increase in employment over the fi ve years to November 2010. The strongest growth was recorded in the Northern Territory, Western Australia and Queensland, which all recorded growth in excess of 15% (compared with 13.1% nationally), due in large part to high levels of activity in the resources sector.

However, the largest numbers of new jobs created over the fi ve years were in the three largest states of Victoria (up by 362 400 or 14.5%), New South Wales (348 900 or 10.7%) and Queensland (309 900 or 15.3%). Although

the employment growth rate was strongest in the Northern Territory, the small size of its labour force means there was a relatively small number of new jobs, 23 700 (or 2% of new jobs nationally) .

Australia has an ageing workforce, with almost two out of every fi ve workers (38%) aged 45 years or older, up from 33% a decade ago. Over the same period, the proportion of employed persons aged under 25 has fallen slightly from 18% to 17%.

Capital cities and regional areasThere are sound opportunities for employment in regional Australia. In November 2010, there were more than 4.1 million people employed in regional Australia, more than one in three workers (37%).

The labour market varies markedly across regions with a number of areas experiencing strong employment growth and low unemployment rates. Even in those regions where unemployment is relatively high, some employers experience diffi culty recruiting, particularly in skilled occupations. This is largely due to a mismatch between the ‘pool of skills’ and those needed by local employers. For example, many people looking for work may have limited qualifi cations, but employers need highly skilled people.

Workers in regional areas are less likely to have studied after they have left school indicating there are real advantages for workers in these areas to gain post-school qualifi cations to meet the skill needs of local employers. It is also interesting to note, that employment growth in New South Wales has been stronger in regional areas over the past fi ve years than it has been in Sydney highlighting the demand for workers in these locations.

The table below shows that, generally speaking, the workforce tends to be older in regional areas than in metropolitan areas. This suggests there will be strong demand for workers in these areas to replace those who retire over the next decade.

Employment by state, city and region

Employ’t Nov 2010

Employ’t change

1 year to Nov 2010

Employ’t change

5 years to Nov 2010

Aged younger than 25

years

Aged 45 years or

older

% of employed persons (aged

15-64) without post-school

qualifi cations1

‘000 ‘000 % ‘000 % % %New South Wales 3595.5 127.6 3.7 348.9 10.7 16 38 36Sydney 2299.1 37.2 1.6 167.0 7.8 16 36 36Regional NSW 1224.1 34.2 2.9 137.4 12.6 16 43 43Victoria 2856.8 95.4 3.5 362.4 14.5 17 38 38Melbourne 2102.9 80.1 4.0 245.4 13.2 17 36 39Regional VIC 707.4 21.4 3.1 85.3 13.7 16 44 46Queensland 2330.6 74.4 3.3 309.9 15.3 18 38 42Brisbane 1061.8 21.5 2.1 114.7 12.1 19 35 43Regional QLD 1240.9 28.2 2.3 192.6 18.4 18 40 49South Australia 815.6 13.2 1.6 67.8 9.1 17 41 42Adelaide 600.1 19.4 3.3 53.5 9.8 18 40 44Regional SA 209.4 -6.0 -2.8 13.0 6.6 15 45 52Western Australia 1225.9 45.0 3.8 166.0 15.7 18 38 42Perth 907.7 24.1 2.7 138.2 18.0 19 38 42Regional WA 302.2 5.5 1.9 35.9 13.5 15 41 50Tasmania 237.4 4.9 2.1 14.4 6.5 17 43 44Hobart 102.0 0.6 0.6 -6.2 -5.7 17 41 43Regional Tasmania 134.2 0.5 0.3 23.5 21.2 16 44 49Northern Territory 122.9 2.1 1.8 23.7 23.9 17 36 42Australian Capital Territory 205.1 6.5 3.3 20.3 11.0 18 36 33Australia 11 390.1 369.0 3.3 1316.8 13.1 17 38 39

1 Data for the states and Australia are from the ABS Survey of Education and Work, 2010. Data for state capital cites and regional areas are from the 2006 Census (latest available data).

NATIONAL OVERVIEW



NEW SOUTH WALES

New South Wales is the largest employing state, with almost one in every three Australian workers (3.6 million). Employment is concentrated in Sydney which accounts for almost two-thirds of the state’s employment. The largest employing industries are Health Care and Social Assistance (404 900), Retail Trade (364 900) and Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services (304 300), which collectively account for about 30% of the state’s employment.

Employment grew by 348 900 or 10.7% over the fi ve years to November 2010, compared with national growth of 13.1%. Employment rose in 16 of the 19 industries, with the largest numbers of new jobs being in Health Care and Social Assistance (92 500), Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services (54 800) and Education and Training (39 500). Over the past year, employment has increased by 3.7% compared with national growth of 3.3%.

The New South Wales workforce is relatively highly skilled with 64% of workers holding a post-school qualifi cation compared with 61% nationally. It also has a higher proportion of workers who hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation than the national average (29% compared with 26%).

More than 70% of New South Wales workers are employed full-time, and 45% of workers are female. The proportion of workers aged 45 years or older is the same as the national average (38%).

Regional New South Wales In regional New South Wales, around 60% of those employed work in three of the nine regions, Newcastle; Northern, North Western and Central West; and Richmond-Tweed and Mid-North Coast.

Over the year to November 2010, employment grew more strongly in regional New South Wales than it did in Sydney (2.9% compared with 1.6%). The strongest growth was in Newcastle, up by 8.8% or 21 500, and Illawarra, up by 6.7% or 3900. On the other hand, employment in Far West NSW fell by 22.0%.

The largest employing industries in regional New South Wales are Health Care and Social Assistance (150 000), Retail Trade (136 200) and Construction (104 800). Over the year to November 2010, the largest numbers of new jobs were in Education and Training (12 300), Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (11 200) and Health Care and Social Assistance (11 100).

The proportion of workers who do not hold post-school qualifi cations is higher in regional areas than it is in Sydney (43% compared with 36%).

Regional areas also have a lower proportion of people participating in the workforce (60% compared with 66% in Sydney).

Employment by Region, Nov 2010 (% of total) Employment Growth, Year to Nov 2010 (%)

Population and Employment

Population Employment

June 2009

(‘000)1

1 year change to June

2009 (%)1

Nov 2010 (‘000)2

% of total2

1 year change to Nov

2010 (%)2


years (%)2

Aged 45 years

or older (%)2

Bachelor degree or

higher qual (%)3

Certifi cate III/IV

or higherVET qual

(%)3

No post-school qual

(%)3

Sydney 4504.5 1.9 2299.1 65.3 1.6 16 36 29 26 36Richmond-Tweedand Mid-North Coast

551.5 1.4 223.3 6.3 2.6 13 47 15 31 43

Murray-Murrumbidgee 277.1 1.1 135.9 3.9 0.7 17 47 14 29 47Newcastle 540.8 1.4 266.1 7.6 8.8 19 38 17 33 41Hunter 103.5 1.3 51.2 1.5 0.9 17 49 11 34 45Wollongong 289.0 1.2 124.6 3.5 -0.1 19 36 19 33 38Illawarra 142.2 1.6 62.8 1.8 6.7 20 46 16 34 40South Eastern 216.6 1.6 106.8 3.0 -5.3 13 47 17 30 43Northern, North Westernand Central West

486.5 1.2 244.4 6.9 4.5 16 43 14 29 46

Far West 22.7 -0.5 9.1 0.3 -22.0 11 57 12 27 51New South Wales 7134.4 1.7 3595.5 100.0 3.7 16 38 294 294 364

Sources: 1ABS Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2009; 2ABS Labour Force Survey; 3ABS 2006 Census; 4ABS Survey of Education and Work, 2010 (data available at national and state levels only).



VICTORIA




June 2009

(‘000)1


2009 (%)1

Nov 2010

(‘000)2

% of total2


2010 (%)2


years (%)2

Aged 45 years

or older (%)2

Bachelor degree or

higher qual (%)3

Certifi cate III/IV or higher

VET qual (%)3

No post-school qual

(%)3

Melbourne 3995.5 2.4 2102.9 74.8 4.0 17 36 28 25 39

Barwon-Western District 391.4 1.8 195.1 6.9 0.2 15 42 17 30 45

Central Highlands-Wimmera 206.5 1.7 100.8 3.6 -3.3 19 38 17 29 46

Loddon-Mallee 278.4 1.5 132.7 4.7 2.5 17 46 16 29 47

Goulburn-Ovens-Murray 310.0 1.1 143.3 5.1 5.9 17 47 14 30 48

All Gippsland 261.5 1.9 135.5 4.8 10.9 16 48 14 32 46

Victoria 5443.2 2.1 2856.8 100.0 3.5 17 38 304 284 384


Victoria is the second largest employing state, with one-quarter of the nation’s employment (almost 2.9 million). Employment is highly concentrated in Melbourne which accounts for three-quarters of the state’s workforce. The largest employing industries are Retail Trade (317 300), Health Care and Social Assistance (313 100) and Manufacturing (305 800), which together account for about one in every three workers.

State employment grew by 362 400 or 14.5% over the fi ve years to November 2010, stronger than the national growth rate of 13.1%. Employment rose in 17 of the 19 industries, with the largest numbers of new jobs created in Health Care and Social Assistance (55 800), Construction (51 000) and Education and Training (45 900). The largest fall in employment was in Manufacturing (down by 18 700 or 5.8%). Over the past year, employment in Victoria increased by 3.5% compared with national growth of 3.3%.

The Victorian workforce is relatively highly skilled with 30% of workers holding a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation compared with 26% nationally.

About 45% of workers are female, and 31% of workers are employed part-time compared with 30% for Australia. The proportion of the Victorian workforce aged 45 years or older is the same as the national average (38%).

Regional VictoriaThe largest employing areas in regional Victoria are Barwon-Western District (195 100) and Goulburn-Ovens-Murray (143 300). Over the year to November 2010, growth was strongest in All Gippsland, up by 10.9% or 13 300, and Goulburn-Ovens-Murray, up by 5.9% or 8000. Central Highlands-Wimmera recorded the only fall in employment (down by 3.3%).

The largest employing industries in regional Victoria are Health Care and Social Assistance (84 500), Retail Trade (80 900) and Manufacturing (80 300). A large number of jobs were created in regional Victoria over the year to November 2010, particularly in Construction (10 700) and Other Services (6100).

Workers in regions outside Melbourne are less likely to hold post-school qualifi cations than their city counterparts (54% hold post-school qualifi cations compared with 61% in Melbourne). The proportion of workers who hold Certifi cate III/IV Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations varies little across metropolitan and regional areas. There is a marked difference though between Melbourne and regional locations in the proportion of workers who hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (28% in Melbourne compared with 15% in regional Victoria).

Regional Victoria also has a lower proportion of people participating in the workforce (63% compared with 67% in Melbourne).



QUEENSLAND

Queensland is the third largest employing state, with one in every fi ve Australian workers (2.3 million). Employment is regionally dispersed with 54% of employment outside Brisbane. The fi gures presented on this page do not refl ect the effects of the natural disasters which occurred in early 2011 but clearly these have had, and will continue to have, a pronounced impact on the state’s labour market.

The largest employing industries are Retail Trade (262 500), Health Care and Social Assistance (252 200) and Construction (236 100), which together account for almost one-third of employment in Queensland.

Employment grew by 309 900 or 15.3% over the fi ve years to November 2010, compared with national growth of 13.1%. The largest numbers of new jobs were in Health Care and Social Assistance (64 300), Construction (35 000) and Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services (29 400). The only fall was in Information Media and Telecommunications (down by 4400 or 12.3%). Over the past year, employment in Queensland rose by 3.3%, the same rate as the national average.

Queensland has a slightly higher proportion of workers who do not hold post-school qualifi cations than the national average (42% compared with 39%). It also has a lower proportion of workers who hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation than the national average (21% compared with 26%), but a slightly higher proportion of workers who hold Certifi cate III/IV or higher Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations (32% compared with 30%).

About 46% of Queensland workers are female compared with 45% nationally and 29% of workers are employed part-time compared with 30% nationally. The workforce has the same proportion of workers aged 45 years or older as the national average (38%).

Regional QueenslandOver the year to November 2010, regional employment growth in Queensland was stronger than metropolitan growth (2.3% compared with 2.1% in Brisbane).

The largest employing regions outside Brisbane are the Gold Coast, where slightly more than one in eight Queensland workers is employed (12.7%) and Mackay-Fitzroy-Central West which accounts for almost one in ten (9.1%).

Over the year to November 2010, employment growth was strongest in West Moreton, up by 6.6% or 2400, Northern-North West Queensland, up by 5.9% or 8300, and the Sunshine Coast up by 5.0% or 7400. Consistent with the state as a whole, the largest employing industries in regional Queensland are Retail Trade (152 000), Health Care and Social Assistance (132 900) and Construction (132 300). The largest numbers of new jobs over the past year were created in Health Care and Social Assistance (11 600) and Public Administration and Safety (10 500).

The proportion of workers who do not hold post-school qualifi cations is higher in regional areas of Queensland than it is in Brisbane (49% compared with 43%).

Regional areas also have a lower proportion of people participating in the workforce (66% compared with 69% in Brisbane).




June 2009

(‘000)1


2009 (%)1

Nov 2010

(‘000)2

% of total2


2010 (%)2


years (%)2

Aged 45 years

or older (%)2

Bachelor degree or

higher qual (%)3

Certifi cate III/IV or higher

VET qual (%)3

No post-school qual

(%)3

Brisbane 1962.4 2.6 1061.8 46.1 2.1 19 35 23 26 43Sunshine Coast 323.4 3.0 154.4 6.7 5.0 21 41 15 32 44West Moreton 80.2 4.3 38.2 1.7 6.6 15 45 9 27 56Wide Bay-Burnett 293.5 3.1 123.8 5.4 0.8 17 47 11 29 51Mackay-Fitzroy-Central West 398.4 2.4 208.8 9.1 -0.3 16 35 12 29 51Darling Downs-South West 264.7 1.9 138.2 6.0 -0.4 16 45 14 26 52Northern-North West 261.3 2.2 149.3 6.5 5.9 20 36 15 28 50Far North 269.7 2.6 135.1 5.9 2.7 19 35 14 30 47Gold Coast 571.4 3.2 293.1 12.7 2.4 16 39 15 30 46Queensland 4425.1 2.7 2330.6 100.0 3.3 18 38 214 324 424




SOUTH AUSTRALIA

South Australia is the second smallest employing state, with 7% of the nation’s employment (815 600). Employment is highly concentrated in Adelaide which employs almost three in every four of the state’s workers. The largest employing industries in South Australia are Health Care and Social Assistance (106 100), Retail Trade (91 700) and Manufacturing (80 800). Combined, these industries employ one in every three workers in the state.

Employment across the state rose by 67 800 or 9.1% over the fi ve years to November 2010, lower than the national rate of 13.1%. Employment rose in 15 of the 19 industries, with the largest numbers of new jobs being in Construction (19 300), Health Care and Social Assistance (17 500) and Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services (8200). Over the past year, employment grew by 1.6% compared with national growth of 3.3%.

South Australia has a slightly lower proportion of workers who hold post-school qualifi cations than the national average (58% compared with 61%), and a lower proportion holding a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (23% compared with the national average of 26%).

South Australia’s workforce has a relatively old age profi le, with 41% of workers aged 45 years or older compared with 38% nationally. It also has a slightly higher proportion of its workers employed part-time than the national average (32% compared with 30%) and slightly more of its workers are female (46% compared with 45%).

Regional South Australia Regional South Australia has two labour force regions and they differ markedly in terms of both geographic area and employment size. Southern and Eastern SA accounts for almost 17% of state employment and Northern and Western SA, which covers a much larger area, accounts for 9%. Over the year to November 2010, employment fell by 1.3% in Southern and Eastern SA and by 5.5% in Northern and Western SA.

The largest employing industries in regional South Australia are Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing (31 000), Manufacturing (25 300) and Health Care and Social Assistance (24 300). Over the past year, the largest numbers of new jobs were in Construction (3200) and Manufacturing (1500).

A smaller proportion of workers in regional South Australia hold post-school qualifi cations than their city counterparts (48% compared with 56%). The proportion of workers who hold Certifi cate III/IV Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations varies little across metropolitan and regional areas. There is a marked difference though between Adelaide and regional locations in the proportion of workers who hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (21% in Adelaide compared with 11% in regional South Australia).

The proportion of people participating in the workforce is slightly lower in regional areas than in Adelaide (62% compared with 64%).




June 2009

(‘000)1


2009 (%)1

Nov 2010

(‘000)2

% of total2


2010 (%)2


years (%)2

Aged 45 years or

older (%)2

Bachelor degree or

higher qual (%)3

Certifi cate III/IV

or higher VET qual

(%)3

No post-school qual

(%)3

Adelaide 1187.5 1.3 600.1 74.1 3.3 18 40 21 27 44Southern and Eastern SA 273.0 1.2 136.9 16.9 -1.3 15 44 11 28 52Northern and Western SA 163.1 0.9 72.5 9.0 -5.5 14 46 11 27 53South Australia 1623.6 1.2 815.6 100.0 1.6 17 41 234 304 424




WESTERN AUSTRALIA

Western Australia is the fourth largest employing state, with around one in ten Australian workers (1.2 million). Employment is highly concentrated in Perth which accounts for three-quarters of the state’s employment.

The largest employing industries in Western Australia are Construction (128 800), Retail Trade (120 700) and Health Care and Social Assistance (117 800). Together, these industries account for around 30% of state jobs.

Employment grew by 15.7% (166 000) over the fi ve years to November 2010, outstripping the national growth rate of 13.1%. Employment rose in 15 of the 19 industries. The largest numbers of new jobs were created in Mining (34 700), Construction (30 700) and Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services (21 300). Over the past year, employment has increased by 3.8% compared with national growth of 3.3%.

Western Australia has a lower proportion of workers who hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation than the national average (23% compared with 26%), although it has a higher proportion of workers who hold Certifi cate III/IV Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations or higher (32% compared with 30%).

Western Australia has a slightly higher proportion of its workers employed full-time than the national average (71% compared with 70%). About 38% of workers are aged 45 years or older, the same as the national average, and 43% of workers are female (compared with 45% nationally).

Regional Western AustraliaIn regional Western Australia, employment is spread fairly evenly across the two regions, Lower Western WA and Remainder-Balance WA. About 32 000 of Western Australia’s 82 400 Mining jobs are located in regional areas. In addition to local employment, the labour market in regional Western Australia is supplemented by workers employed in the Mining industry on a fl y-in fl y-out basis.

Over the year to November 2010, most new jobs were created in Remainder-Balance WA, up by 12 800 or 9.9%. This was due mainly to mining projects in the region which accounted for almost one-third of all new jobs.

Employment in regional Western Australia is driven mainly by Construction (36 000), Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (33 900) and Mining (31 800), with some construction activity taking place in the mining sector. The largest numbers of new jobs over the past year were in Mining (7500) and Other Services (5700).

The proportion of workers who do not hold post-school qualifi cations is higher in regional areas of Western Australia than it is in Perth (50% compared with 42%). The proportion of workers who hold Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations varies little across metropolitan and regional areas. There is a marked difference though between Perth and regional locations in the proportion of workers who hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (22% in Perth compared with 12% in regional Western Australia).

The regional areas also have a lower proportion of people participating in the workforce (67% compared with 69% in Perth).




June 2009

(‘000)1


2009(%)1

Nov 2010

(‘000)2

% of total2

1 year changeto Nov

2010(%)2


years(%)2

Aged 45 years or

older (%)2

Bachelor degree or

higher qual (%)3

Certifi cate III/IV

or higher VET qual

(%)3

No post-school qual

(%)3

Perth 1659.0 3.2 907.7 75.0 2.7 19 38 22 28 42Lower Western WA 324.2 3.5 160.0 13.2 -4.4 17 42 12 29 49Remainder - Balance WA 261.8 1.9 142.2 11.8 9.9 13 40 12 29 50Western Australia 2245.1 3.0 1225.9 100.0 3.8 18 38 234 324 424




TASMANIA

Tasmania is the smallest employing state with 2% of the nation’s employment (237 400). Tasmania has the most regionally diverse workforce in Australia with around 57% located outside Hobart.

The largest employing industries in Tasmania are Health Care and Social Assistance (29 900), Retail Trade (27 600) and Education and Training (19 400), which together account for almost one-third of the state’s employment.

Over the fi ve years to November 2010, Tasmania had relatively low employment growth, 14 400 or 6.5% compared with national growth of 13.1%. Twelve of the 19 industries increased their employment, with the largest numbers of new jobs created in Health Care and Social Assistance (4800), Construction (3500) and Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services (2900). Over the past year, employment increased by 2.1% compared with national growth of 3.3%.

Tasmania has a higher proportion of workers who do not hold post-school qualifi cations than the national average (44% compared with 39%). A lower proportion of workers hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (20% compared with 26% nationally).

Tasmania has a particularly old age profi le, with 43% of workers aged 45 years or older, the highest of any state or territory. It also has a higher proportion of its workers employed part-time than the national average (35% compared with 30%) and more of its workers are female (47% compared with 45%).

Regional TasmaniaRegional employment in Tasmania is concentrated in the regions of Mersey-Lyell and Northern which account for half the state’s employment. Employment grew by 2.1% in Tasmania over the year to November 2010 (in trend terms). Growth was strongest in Mersey-Lyell (1.1% in annual average terms - trend data are unavailable for regions). This indicates that employment has grown more strongly in Tasmania over recent months. This is refl ected by the trend data which places greater emphasis on the most recent months.

In regional Tasmania, the largest employing industries are Health Care and Social Assistance (16 200), Retail Trade (15 800) and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (14 300). The largest numbers of new jobs over the past year were created in Administrative and Support Services (1400) and Education and Training (1200).

Workers in regions outside Hobart are less likely to hold post-school qualifi cations than their city counterparts (51% hold post-school qualifi cations compared with 57% in Hobart). The proportion of workers who hold Certifi cate III/IV Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations varies little across metropolitan and regional areas. There is a marked difference though between Hobart and regional locations in the proportion of workers who hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (22% in Hobart compared with 13% in regional Tasmania).

The proportion of people participating in the workforce is evenly spread across Tasmania with 61% participating in regional Tasmania and 62% in Hobart.




June 2009

(‘000)1


2009 (%)1

Nov2010

(‘000)2

% of total2

1 year change to Nov 2010

(%)2


years(%)2

Aged 45 years

or older (%)2

Bachelor degree

or higher qual(%)3

Certifi cate III/IV

or higher VET qual

(%)3

No post-school qual

(%)3

Hobart 212.0 1.2 102.0 43.2 0.6 17 41 22 27 43Southern 37.5 1.5 16.3 6.9 -1.8 8 56 12 28 50Northern 141.4 0.7 68.4 28.9 0.3 17 43 15 28 48Mersey-Lyell 112.4 1.1 49.6 21.0 1.1 18 42 11 30 50Tasmania 503.3 1.1 237.4 100.0 2.1 17 43 204 304 444




NORTHERN TERRITORYPopulation

June 2009 (‘000)1 225.9

1 year change to June 2009 (%)1 2.5

Employment

Nov 2010 (‘000)2 122.9

1 year change to Nov 2010 (%)2 1.8

Aged younger than 25 years (%)2 17

Aged 45 years or older (%)2 36

Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (%)3 23

Certifi cate III/IV or higher VET qualifi cation (%)3 30

No post-school qualifi cation (%)3 42

AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORYPopulation

June 2009 (‘000)1 352.2

1 year change to June 2009 (%)1 1.7

Employment

Nov 2010 (‘000)2 205.1

1 year change to Nov 2010 (%)2 3.3

Aged younger than 25 years (%)2 18

Aged 45 years or older (%)2 36

Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (%)3 41

Certifi cate III/IV or higher VET qualifi cation (%)3 24

No post-school qualifi cation (%)3 33

Employment Growth, Year to Nov 2010 (%)

Sources: 1ABS Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2009; 2ABS Labour Force Survey; 3ABS Survey of Education and Work, 2010 (data available at national and state levels only).

The Northern Territory has Australia’s smallest labour market, accounting for just 1% of the nation’s employment (122 900). However, the proportion of people participating in the workforce is higher in the Northern Territory than any state and equal to the Australian Capital Territory. Close to three-quarters of people are in the labour force in the Northern Territory (73% compared with 66% nationally).

Employment grew strongly over the fi ve years to November 2010, increasing by 23 700 or 23.9% compared with national growth of 13.1%. Growth has been more subdued over the past year, increasing by 1.8% compared with national growth of 3.3%.

The largest employing industries in the Northern Territory are Public Administration and Safety (18 500), Health Care and Social Assistance (13 300) and Construction (11 900), which together account for slightly more than one-third of the territory’s employment. Over the last fi ve years, employment gains were recorded in 17 of the 19 industries, with the largest numbers of new jobs being in Construction (3700), Health Care and Social Assistance (3500) and Public Administration and Safety (3000).

The Northern Territory workforce has a relatively low skill profi le. About 42% of workers do not hold post-school qualifi cations compared with 39% nationally. A relatively low proportion of workers hold qualifi cations at the Bachelor degree or higher level (23% compared with 26%).

About 46% of workers are female and just 20% of territory workers are employed part-time (compared with 30% nationally). The workforce is relatively young, with 36% of workers aged 45 years or older compared with the national fi gure of 38%.

The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) accounts for slightly less than 2% of the nation’s employment (205 100). The largest employing industries are Public Administration and Safety (62 800), Professional Scientifi c and Technical Services (20 800) and Health Care and Social Assistance (17 700), which collectively account for almost half of total employment.

Employment in the ACT grew by 20 300 or 11.0% over the fi ve years to November 2010, compared with national growth of 13.1%. Employment gains were largest in Public Administration and Safety (14 700), Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services (3500) and Education and Training (2300). Employment rose in 12 of the 19 industries. Over the past year, employment increased by 3.3%, the same as the national average.

The workforce is highly skilled with 67% of workers holding a post-school qualifi cation compared with 61% nationally. A high proportion of workers hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation (41% compared with the national average of 26%), but a relatively small proportion hold Certifi cate III/IV Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations (24% compared with 30% nationally). This refl ects the concentration of the ACT’s employment in industries which generally require university qualifi cations and the relatively small proportion of its employment in Manufacturing and Construction.

The proportion of people participating in the workforce is higher in the ACT than the national average (73% compared with 66%). A lower proportion of the workforce is employed part-time than the national average (26% compared with 30%) and a smaller proportion of workers are aged 45 years or older (36% compared with 38%). Females represent 49% of workers in the ACT compared with 45% nationally.

Industries

AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2011 13For more information see www.skillsinfo.gov.au

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

In which industries do Australians work?There are 19 broad industries in Australia. The largest are Health Care and Social Assistance and Retail Trade which employ 1.3 million and 1.2 million workers respectively. Construction and Manufacturing are also large employing industries, with around 1 million workers each. These four industries combined, employ two in every fi ve Australian workers.

It is interesting that, although the Mining industry experienced the largest percentage rise in employment over the fi ve years to November 2010, it had only the eighth largest number of new jobs, refl ecting its small employment size.

Employment in Manufacturing fell over the fi ve years to November 2010, but there are still nearly fi ve times more workers employed in this industry than there are in Mining. The decline in Manufacturing is part of a long-term trend refl ecting structural adjustment in the Australian economy.

It is important to note, though, that both these industries create thousands of jobs in other industries such as Transport, Postal and Warehousing, Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services and Construction.

For information about which industries are expected to have the most new jobs in the future, see page 26.

Where are the new jobs?Over the fi ve years to November 2010, more than 1.3 million jobs were created. The largest growth was in

Health Care and Social Assistance• (up by 275 200)

Construction• (179 400)

Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Servi• ces (136 100)

Education and Training• (120 800)

Transport, Postal and Warehousing • (84 000).

Which industries had declining employment?Employment declined in two industries over the past fi ve years.

Manufacturing• (down by 33 800)

Information Media and Telecommunications• (23 700).

Which industries have the most jobs in regional locations?Although Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing has the highest proportion of its employment in regional areas (89%), followed by Mining (58%), the following industries have the most jobs in regional areas.

Retail Trade • (463 400 employed in regional Australia)

Health Care and Social Assistance • (461 500)

Construction • (395 800).

Industry Employment

Employ’t Nov 2010

Employ’t change 5 years to Nov

2010

Projected growth

to 2015-16

Industry ‘000

% o

f tot

al

wor

kfor

ce

‘000

% outs

ide

stat

e ca

pita

l ci

ties

%

wor

king

pa

rt-t

ime

%

fem

ale

%

aged

45

year

s or

ol

der %

‘000

%Accommodation and Food Services 754.3 7 76.6 11.3 39 57 55 22 47 6.2Administrative and Support Services 411.9 4 55.7 15.6 34 41 51 39 48 11.7Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 373.6 3 24.9 7.1 89 27 32 58 27 7.3Arts and Recreation Services 189.1 2 12.4 7.0 32 43 46 31 6 3.2Construction 1047.9 9 179.4 20.7 39 14 12 34 196 18.7Education and Training 877.6 8 120.8 16.0 37 37 70 50 96 10.9Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 153.8 1 49.0 46.7 44 7 21 42 32 21.1Financial and Insurance Services 388.2 3 12.6 3.3 19 18 52 29 24 6.2Health Care and Social Assistance 1298.7 11 275.2 26.9 37 44 79 47 323 24.9Information Media and Telecommunications 215.3 2 -23.7 -9.9 22 20 44 31 13 6.0Manufacturing 992.5 9 -33.8 -3.3 35 15 26 41 -30 -3.1Mining 201.0 2 72.8 56.8 58 3 16 37 69 34.5Other Services 466.5 4 56.3 13.7 38 29 41 36 48 10.2Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services 847.5 7 136.1 19.1 23 22 43 36 150 17.7Public Administration and Safety 693.2 6 80.7 13.2 43 16 47 45 41 5.9Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 213.1 2 23.7 12.5 34 27 50 38 21 9.9Retail Trade 1234.4 11 55.9 4.7 38 49 57 27 76 6.2Transport, Postal and Warehousing 583.4 5 84.0 16.8 33 20 22 47 77 13.2Wholesale Trade 406.0 4 37.3 10.1 29 16 32 41 24 5.9

Total (all industries)1 11 390.1 100 1316.8 13.1 37 30 45 38 1260 11.1Source: ABS Labour Force Survey1. Trend data, totals do not add

Industries

AUSTRALIAN JOBS 201114 For more information see www.skillsinfo.gov.au

Australia’s changing industry structureOver the last century, Australia’s industry structure has undergone fundamental changes, moving from an economy that was highly dependent on agricultural produce and manufactured goods, to today’s economy where service-based industries are becoming increasingly important for employment.

Two decades ago, Manufacturing was the largest employing industry in Australia. Today, it is the fourth largest and accounts for 9% of total employment. The decline of Manufacturing has been caused by many factors, including increased competition from overseas manufacturers, who often have signifi cantly lower production costs.

People are also less likely to be employed in the agricultural sector than they were two decades ago. In 1990, 6% of the workforce was employed in this industry compared with 3% in 2010. This has been due to a combination of factors, including the effect of long droughts and labour saving technology. Nonetheless, the agricultural sector continues to employ thousands of Australians, particularly in regional areas, and to create jobs in other industries including Manufacturing and Transport, Postal and Warehousing.

The importance of the services sector to the economy has expanded rapidly over recent years, offsetting the decline in Manufacturing. Today, more than three out of every four Australian workers are employed in a service industry. The broad grouping of the services sector can be considered to include all industries with the exception of Manufacturing, Construction, Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing, Mining and Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services, although, even within these industries, there are clearly ‘service’ components.

Much of the growth in the services sector has been driven by Health Care and Social Assistance. This industry has shown strong and consistent growth in the past decade and with Australia’s ageing population requiring more care, this industry will continue to grow. The Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services industry has also displayed strong employment growth, assisted by higher levels of business investment in technology, as well as the outsourcing of industry services, particularly those associated with Architectural, Legal and Accounting services.

Accommodation and Food ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 754 300 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 11.3 13.1Working part-time % 57 30Female % 55 45Aged 45 years or older % 22 38Employment outside state capital cities % 39 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 59 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 24 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 12 26

Accommodation and Food Services employs 754 300 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment rose by 76 600 (or 11.3%). Employment in Food and Beverage Services increased considerably (up by 84 200). Over the next fi ve years, employment in Accommodation and Food Services is expected to increase by 46 600 (or 6.2%), driven by growth in Food and Beverage Services.

This industry has the highest proportion of young workers (aged younger than 25 years) of any industry (45%). The proportion of female workers is considerably higher than that for all industries, 55% compared with 45%, and part-time employment is common, suggesting that many workers in Accommodation and Food Services are students combining work with study.

This industry provides good entry-level opportunities to the labour market. Almost three out of every fi ve workers (or 59%) do not hold post-school qualifi cations, compared with 39% for all industries.

Accommodation and Food Services has a strong presence in regional Australia, employing 291 600 workers. These workers make up slightly less than 40% of total employment in the industry.

Accommodation and Food Services accounts for 7% of national employment, but in some regions this industry accounts for a higher proportion of the workforce. This is particularly the case in major tourism destinations such as Far North Queensland where it accounts for almost 12% of the region’s employment.

1

1

6

7

14

70

1

2

9

75

3

9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

1990 2010

Electricity, Gas, Waterand Waste Services

Mining

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

Construction

Manufacturing

Services sector

Source: ABS Labour Force Survey, November 2010

Share of Total Employment, Selected Industries, 1990 and 2010 (%)

Source: ABS Labour Force Survey

Accommodation and Food Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Industries


Administrative and Support ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 411 900 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 15.6 13.1Working part-time % 41 30Female % 51 45Aged 45 years or older % 39 38Employment outside state capital cities % 34 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 49 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 27 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 17 26

Administrative and Support Services employs about 411 900 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment grew strongly, up by 55 700 (or 15.6%). The strongest growth was recorded in the Building Cleaning, Pest Control and Other Support Services sector (up by 26.3%). Administrative and Support Services employment is expected to increase by 48 400 (or 11.7%) over the next fi ve years.

Around 39% of workers in this industry are aged 45 years or older, (compared with 38% for all industries) and the proportion of female employment is higher than that for all industries (51% compared with 45%). Part-time employment is common in this industry (41% of workers are employed part-time compared with 30% for all industries).

This industry’s workforce has a relatively low skill profi le, almost half its workers do not hold post-school qualifi cations. Accordingly, the industry offers good entry-level opportunities to the labour market.

Around 132 900 workers in regional Australia are employed in Administrative and Support Services. This represents 34% of employment in the industry, well below the average of 37% for all industries. This indicates that workers in this industry are more likely to be based in a capital city, compared with other industries.

The Administrative and Support Services industry accounts for around 4% of national employment. While some regions rely slightly more on this industry for employment than others, there is relatively limited variation across Australia.

Agriculture, Forestry and FishingEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 373 600 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 7.1 13.1Working part-time % 27 30Female % 32 45Aged 45 years or older % 58 38Employment outside state capital cities % 89 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 57 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 25 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 10 26

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing is a relatively small employing industry with 373 600 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment rose by 24 900 (or 7.1%). Employment in Fruit and Tree Nut Growing declined by 14 500, but this was offset by an increase in Sheep, Beef and Grain Growing (up by 8500), Other Crop Farming (4500) and Dairy Cattle Farming (4400). Over the next fi ve years, Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing employment is expected to grow by 27 400 (or 7.3%).

The industry has a relatively old age profi le (many in the industry continue working beyond the usual retirement age). Females make up a relatively low proportion of industry employment (32% compared with 45% for all industries).

More than half the workers in the Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing industry do not hold post-school qualifi cations, suggesting on-the-job training and experience contribute signifi cantly to skill development.

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing provides a signifi cant number of regional job opportunities, employing more than 331 500 workers in regional Australia. The vast majority of jobs in the industry are outside the state capital cities (89%).

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing accounts for a small proportion of Australia’s employment (3%), but in many regional areas, it is a major employer. For example, in Far West New South Wales, more than one in every three workers is directly employed in this industry (35%), while in West Moreton in Queensland, 22% of workers are employed in this industry. This industry also creates jobs in industries like Transport, Storage and Warehousing and Manufacturing.

Administrative and Support Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Industries


Arts and Recreation ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 189 100 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 7.0 13.1Working part-time % 43 30Female % 46 45Aged 45 years or older % 31 38Employment outside state capital cities % 32 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 41 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 26 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 28 26

The Arts and Recreation Services industry employs 189 100 workers (or 1.7% of total employment in Australia). There is little variation in employment share across Australia, with most regions having less than 3% of their workforce employed in this industry.

Arts and Recreation Services covers a diverse range of activities including the operation of museums, parks and gardens, creative and performing arts, and professional and recreational sports. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment rose by 12 400 (or 7.0%). The strongest employment growth was recorded in Heritage Activities (up by 5900) and Gambling Activities (4500). Over the next fi ve years, employment in Arts and Recreation Services is expected to increase by 6000 (or 3.2%).

This industry’s workforce is relatively young with less than one-third of workers aged 45 years or older (compared with 38% in all industries). Many workers are employed part-time (43% work compared with 30% for all industries). The educational attainment profi le for this industry is similar to that for all industries.

Most employment in the Arts and Recreation Services is based in the capital cities. Around one-third of workers (32% or 61 100 workers) in the Arts and Recreation Services industry are employed in regional Australia.

ConstructionEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 1 047 900 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 20.7 13.1Working part-time % 14 30Female % 12 45Aged 45 years or older % 34 38Employment outside state capital cities % 39 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 39 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 48 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 8 26

Construction is the third largest employing industry in Australia, with more than one million workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment grew relatively strongly, by 20.7% (or 179 400). This growth was mainly driven by the Construction Services (up by 130 200) and the Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction sectors (19 100). Construction employment is expected to grow by 195 800 (or 18.7%) over the next fi ve years, with the strongest growth expected in Building Installation and Completion Services.

The majority of workers in the industry are male (88%) and most workers are employed full-time (86% compared with 70%).

The educational profi le for Construction shows the prominence of trades employment, with almost half of its workers (48%) holding either a Certifi cate III/VI, Diploma or Advanced Diploma.

The Construction industry employs almost 400 000 workers in regional Australia, which accounts for 39% of total employment in the industry.

This industry accounts for 9% of national employment and generates many jobs in regional Australia. For example, in Lower Western WA, around 14% of the workforce is employed in the Construction industry, the highest of any region.


Construction as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Arts and Recreation Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Industries


Education and TrainingEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 877 600 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 16.0 13.1Working part-time % 37 30Female % 70 45Aged 45 years or older % 50 38Employment outside state capital cities % 37 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 16 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 19 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 63 26

Education and Training is the fi fth largest employing industry in Australia, with 877 600 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment grew relatively strongly, by 16.0% (or 120 800). This growth was mainly driven by the Adult, Community and Other Education sector (up by 51 100 or 72.9%). Over the next fi ve years, Education and Training employment is expected to increase by 95 700 (or 10.9%), with more than half the new jobs expected to be generated by the Preschool and School Education sector.

The industry has a relatively older workforce with one in every two workers aged 45 years or older compared with 38% in all industries. Seven in ten workers are female. There are good opportunities for part-time work with 37% of workers being employed on a part-time basis compared with 30% across all industries.

This is a highly skilled industry, with 84% of workers holding a post-school qualifi cation. More than three in every fi ve workers (63%) hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation, almost two and a half times higher than the national average (26%).

In regional Australia, the Education and Training industry employs around 319 000 workers, which is 37% of employment in the industry.

Refl ecting the core need for education and training services in every region, the employment share does not vary considerably across regions, varying from a low of 4% in the Hunter region (excluding Newcastle) to a high of around 10% in areas such as Wollongong.

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 153 800 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 46.7 13.1Working part-time % 7 30Female % 21 45Aged 45 years or older % 42 38Employment outside state capital cities % 44 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 30 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 39 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 27 26

The Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services industry accounts for just 1% of national employment. While some regions have a slightly higher share of their employment in this industry, such as the Gippsland region in Victoria (4.6%), there are limited differences in employment share from region to region, with most regions having less than 1.5% of their workers in this industry.

Despite being the smallest employing industry (with just 153 800 workers), Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services experienced relatively strong employment growth over the fi ve years to November 2010, up by 46.7% (or 49 000). The largest numbers of new jobs were recorded in Electricity Supply (up by 19 100) and Water Supply, Sewerage and Drainage Services (15 500). Over the next fi ve years, employment in Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services is expected to increase by 32 400 (or 21.1%).

This industry is male dominated and the majority of employment is full-time (93%). The industry also has a slightly higher proportion of older workers compared with all industries (42% are aged 45 years or older compared with 38%).

The industry is relatively highly skilled with just 30% of workers not holding post-school qualifi cations. Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualifi cations are particularly important, with more than one in three workers holding either a Certifi cate III/IV, Diploma or Advanced Diploma.

This industry provides good job opportunities in regional areas. Around 44% of workers in this industry (or 63 200 workers) are located in regional Australia, above the average for all industries (37%).

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Source: ABS Labour Force Survey, November 2010 Source: ABS Labour Force Survey, November 2010

Education and Training as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Industries


Financial and Insurance ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 388 200 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 3.3 13.1Working part-time % 18 30Female % 52 45Aged 45 years or older % 29 38Employment outside state capital cities % 19 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 32 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 23 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 41 26

The Financial and Insurance Services industry is a relatively small employing industry, with 388 200 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment rose by 12 600 (or 3.3%). This growth was concentrated in the Insurance and Superannuation Funds and Finance sectors. Employment is expected to increase by 24 000 (or 6.2%) over the next fi ve years, with all major subdivisions expected to expand.

Relatively few people in the industry work part-time (18%) compared with all industries (30%). More than half of the workforce is female (52%) which is higher than the all industries average (45%). The industry also has a signifi cantly younger age profi le compared with all industries (29% of workers are aged 45 years or older compared with 38%).

The higher education sector plays an important role in the provision of skills for this industry, with around two in every fi ve workers holding a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation.

The majority of large fi nance and insurance companies operate from capital cities resulting in employment in this industry being highly concentrated in metropolitan areas. Around 19% of workers (or 76 200 people) are employed in regional Australia, the lowest proportion of any industry.

The Financial and Insurance Services industry employs around 3% of Australia’s workforce. Not surprisingly, Sydney has the highest concentration of employment in this industry of any region, with 6% of its employment being in Financial and Insurance Services, followed by Melbourne (5%).

Health Care and Social AssistanceEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 1 298 700 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 26.9 13.1Working part-time % 44 30Female % 79 45Aged 45 years or older % 47 38Employment outside state capital cities % 37 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 23 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 34 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 39 26

The Health Care and Social Assistance industry has experienced relatively strong growth over the past decade and is now Australia’s largest employing industry with almost 1.3 million workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment rose by 275 200 (or 26.9%). This growth was relatively evenly spread across the industry, with the largest number of new jobs recorded in the Social Assistance Services (up by 98 200) and Medical and Other Health Care Services (97 300) sectors. Over the next fi ve years, employment in the Health Care and Social Assistance industry is expected to increase by 323 300 (or 24.9%), with strong growth expected across all the major subdivisions.

The workforce is female dominated (79%) and a relatively high proportion of workers are employed on a part-time basis (44% compared with 30%). The industry also has a relatively old age profi le (47% of workers are aged 45 years or older compared with 38% for all industries). The Health Care and Social Assistance industry is highly skilled, with many of the large employing occupations requiring tertiary qualifi cations. Almost two in every fi ve workers hold a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation.

This industry employs around 461 500 people in regional Australia, more than one-third (37%) of its workforce, the same as all industries. There are good opportunities for health care professionals in regional locations, with shortages particularly apparent in these areas.

The industry employs 11.4% of Australia’s workforce. Some regions, though, have a higher proportion of their workforce employed in this industry. For example, Barwon-Western District in Victoria has 15% of its jobs in this industry.

Financial and Insurance Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Health Care and Social Assistance as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Industries


Information Media and TelecommunicationsEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 215 300 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % –9.9 13.1Working part-time % 20 30Female % 44 45Aged 45 years or older % 31 38Employment outside state capital cities % 22 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 34 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 26 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 37 26

Information Media and Telecommunications is a diverse industry including newspaper, radio and Internet publishing and broadcasting and telecommunication services. It is a small employing industry, with 215 300 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment fell by 23 700 (or 9.9%). Over the next fi ve years, employment is expected to increase by 13 000 (or 6.0%), largely driven by growth in the Telecommunications Services sector.

The majority of workers are employed full-time (80%) and 44% of workers are female, much the same as the all industries average (45%).

Information Media and Telecommunications has a highly skilled workforce, with about two-thirds of workers holding post-school qualifi cations, compared with around 60% for all industries. Workers are less likely to hold Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualifi cations (26% compared with 30%), but are considerably more likely to have a Bachelor degree or higher (37% compared with 26%) than the all industries average.

Employment in the Information Media and Telecommunications industry is concentrated in the state capital cities. That said, this industry employs 47 800 workers in regional Australia, around 22% of its employment.

People are most likely to be employed in this industry in Sydney (where 3% of total employment is in this industry) and Melbourne (also 3%) than in other regions.

ManufacturingEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 992 500 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % –3.3 13.1Working part-time % 15 30Female % 26 45Aged 45 years or older % 41 38Employment outside state capital cities % 35 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 46 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 36 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 14 26

A decade ago, Manufacturing was Australia’s largest employing industry; now it is the fourth largest. However, the industry still employs almost one million workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment fell by 33 800 (or 3.3%). This decline occurred across subdivisions, including Transport Equipment Manufacturing (down by 18 900), Wood Product Manufacturing (18 200) and Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (15 100), but other subdivisions, such as Food Product Manufacturing recorded large employment gains (up by 32 000). Manufacturing is the only industry expected to reduce its employment over the next fi ve years, down by 30 400 (or 3.1%).

The workforce is dominated by males (74%) and most employment is full-time (85%).

A relatively high proportion of workers in the industry do not hold post-school qualifi cations (46% compared with 39%). However, the largest occupations are the engineering trades and, as a result, Vocational Education and Training (VET) is a vital source of skills to the industry (36% of workers have a Certifi cate III or higher VET qualifi cation compared with 30% for all industries).

There are around 347 400 Manufacturing jobs in regional Australia.

The Manufacturing industry accounts for around 9% of total employment in Australia, but in some regional areas the industry has a much higher proportion of the local workforce. For example, in Goulburn-Ovens-Murray in Victoria, Manufacturing is the largest employing industry, with around 20 800 workers, accounting for almost 15% of the region’s employment.


Manufacturing as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Information Media and Telecommunications as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Industries


MiningEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 201 000 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 56.8 13.1Working part-time % 3 30Female % 16 45Aged 45 years or older % 37 38Employment outside state capital cities % 58 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 33 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 39 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 24 26

In employment terms, Mining is a relatively small industry with slightly more than 200 000 workers. The industry recorded the strongest employment growth of all industries over the fi ve years to November 2010, up by 56.8% (or 72 800). Employment gains occurred across all subdivisions with the largest being in Metal Ore Mining (up by 28 500) and Coal Mining (17 500). Over the next fi ve years, employment is expected to increase by 34.5% (or 69 200 jobs), the strongest growth of any industry. The largest contributor to new jobs is forecast to be the Metal Ore Mining (30 900) sector.

The majority of workers in Mining are males (84%) and most workers are employed full-time (97%).

Just one-third of workers do not hold post-school qualifi cations (compared with 39% for all industries), making this a relatively highly skilled workforce. Almost two in every fi ve workers in Mining hold Certifi cate III or higher Vocational Education and Training qualifi cations.

Mining is an important driver of economic activity and it has a very high presence in some regional areas. Well over half of Mining workers (or 110 100 people) are employed in regional Australia.

Mining directly accounts for just 2% of total employment in Australia, but some regions are highly dependent on the industry for employment. For example, in the resource rich area of Remainder-Balance WA (which incorporates the vast majority of regional WA), around 14% of the workforce is employed in Mining, the highest of any region in Australia.

Other ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 466 500 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 13.7 13.1Working part-time % 29 30Female % 41 45Aged 45 years or older % 36 38Employment outside state capital cities % 38 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 39 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 43 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 14 26

Other Services is a diverse industry which includes personal services and selected repair and maintenance activities. The industry has 466 500 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment grew by 13.7% (56 300). The largest numbers of new jobs were created in the Repair and Maintenance (up by 32 000) and Personal and Other Services (25 300) sectors. Over the next fi ve years, employment in this industry is expected to grow by 47 500 (or 10.2%). The growth is expected to be evenly spread between the Repair and Maintenance and Personal and Other Services sectors.

A slightly lower proportion of the workforce is female (41%) compared with all industries (45%) and the workforce is relatively young (36% are aged 45 years or older compared with 38% for all industries).

Consistent with trades being the largest employing occupations, the Vocational Education and Training (VET) sector provides a signifi cant contribution to skills in this industry. About 43% of workers hold a Certifi cate III or higher VET qualifi cation, compared with 30% for all industries.

The Other Services industry employs around 176 800 people in regional Australia or 38% of its employment.

Other Services employs around 4% of Australia’s workforce. The industry covers a broad range of core services, and its share of total employment does not vary considerably between regions. Mackay-Fitzroy-Central West in Queensland has 6% of its employment in Other Services but Far West New South Wales has just 2% of its jobs in this industry.

Mining as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Other Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Industries


Professional, Scientifi c and Technical ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 847 500 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 19.1 13.1Working part-time % 22 30Female % 43 45Aged 45 years or older % 36 38Employment outside state capital cities % 23 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 22 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 22 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 54 26

Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services employs 847 500 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment rose by 136 100 (or 19.1%). Both major subdivisions within this industry experienced strong growth. Employment is expected to grow by 149 800 (or 17.7%) over the next fi ve years, with the majority of new jobs expected in the Architectural, Engineering and Technical Services and Legal and Accounting Services sectors.

A relatively low proportion of workers in the industry work part-time (22% compared with 30% for all industries). This industry also has a slightly lower proportion of workers who are aged 45 years or older (36% compared with 38% for all industries). Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services includes industry activities requiring a high level of expertise and formal training. Just 22% of workers do not have post-school qualifi cations (compared with the average of 39% for all industries). More than half (54%) have a Bachelor degree or higher qualifi cation, twice the average for all industries (26%).

There are 192 600 workers employed in the Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services industry in regional Australia, 23% of the industry’s employment.

Workers who live in a capital city are more likely to be employed in this industry than those in regional areas. Sydney has 11% of its employment in this industry, the ACT has 10% and Melbourne 9%. This industry tends to represent a relatively small proportion of most regional workforces, but shortages are evident in a number of professions in regional areas.

Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region

Public Administration and SafetyEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 693 200 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 13.2 13.1Working part-time % 16 30Female % 47 45Aged 45 years or older % 45 38Employment outside state capital cities % 43 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 28 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 28 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 40 26

Public Administration and Safety includes workers employed in government administration, providing services to the public and enforcing regulations. Employment totals 693 200, or about 6% of the Australian workforce. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment grew by 80 700 (or 13.2%), about the same rate as the all industries average. The largest number of new jobs were in the subdivisions of Public Administration (up by 60 400) and Public Order, Safety and Regulatory Services (29 900). In the next fi ve years, employment in Public Administration and Safety is expected to increase by 40 900 (or 5.9%).

This industry employs a slightly higher proportion of females than the all industries average (47% compared with 45%) and has a considerably lower proportion of part-time workers (16% compared with 30%).

Around 70% of workers in Public Administration and Safety hold post-school qualifi cations, well above the all industries average of 60%. The proportion holding a Certifi cate III or higher Vocational Education and Training qualifi cation is lower than for all industries (28% compared with 30%). About 40% hold a Bachelor degree or higher, compared with 26% for all industries.

The Public Administration and Safety industry employs almost 300 000 people outside the state capital cities or 43% of its employment. This is well above the average for all industries (37%).

This industry is particularly important in the ACT (where the Federal Government is primarily based). About 30% of the Territory’s workforce is employed in this industry, fi ve times the national average (6%).


Public Administration and Safety as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Industries


Rental, Hiring and Real Estate ServicesEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 213 100 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 12.5 13.1Working part-time % 27 30Female % 50 45Aged 45 years or older % 38 38Employment outside state capital cities % 34 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 36 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 37 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 20 26

The Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services industry employs around 213 100 people, accounting for 2% of national employment, making it one of Australia’s smallest employing industries. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment grew by 23 700 (or 12.5%). This growth was concentrated in the Property Operators and Real Estate Services sector (up by 19 100). Employment is expected to increase by 21 000 (or 9.9%) over the next fi ve years, with the strongest rise anticipated to be in Property Operators and Real Estate Services (19 700).

Half of all workers in the industry are female, higher than the all industries average of 45%, and a slightly lower proportion of employment is part-time (27% compared with 30%).

Around 60% of workers in the Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services industry hold post-school qualifi cations, similar to all industries. A relatively high proportion hold a Vocational Education and Training qualifi cation (37% hold a Certifi cate III or higher qualifi cation compared with 30% for all industries).

Around one out of every three jobs in the Rental, Hiring and Real Estate industry is in regional Australia (34% or 65 600 workers), slightly lower than the national average (37%).

The industry accounts for just 2% of national employment and it represents a relatively low proportion of employment in each region, varying from a high of 3% in Far North Queensland, to a low of less than 1% in Far West New South Wales.

Retail TradeEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 1 234 400 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 4.7 13.1Working part-time % 49 30Female % 57 45Aged 45 years or older % 27 38Employment outside state capital cities % 38 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 62 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 21 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 11 26

Retail Trade is Australia’s second largest employing industry, with more than 1.2 million workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment rose by 55 900, or 4.7%. The Food Retailing subdivision was the major driver of this employment growth, increasing by 57 700. Employment in Retail Trade is expected to increase by 76 400 (or 6.2%) over the next fi ve years. Particularly large employment gains are expected in Food Retailing (54 200).

Female workers outnumber men (57% are female) and almost half of Retail Trade employment is part-time (49%). This industry’s workforce also has a young age profi le, with 73% aged 15 to 44.

Retail Trade has a relatively low skilled workforce (62% do not have post-school qualifi cations, compared with 39% for all industries). This, combined with the availability of part-time hours, makes Retail Trade an ideal entry point to the labour market for school leavers, people re-entering the labour market and seeking part-time work, including students who are combining work and study.

The Retail Trade industry is a signifi cant source of jobs in regional areas, employing more than 463 000 people outside state capital cities (or around 38% of the industry’s employment).

The Retail Trade industry has about 10% of national employment, but it has a higher share in some regions. In November 2010, the three regions with the highest share of their employment in Retail Trade were all located in major tourist areas in non-metropolitan Queensland. These were the Sunshine Coast (16%), Wide Bay-Burnett and Far North Queensland (both 13%).

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Retail Trade as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Industries


Transport, Postal and WarehousingEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 583 400 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 16.8 13.1Working part-time % 20 30Female % 22 45Aged 45 years or older % 47 38Employment outside state capital cities % 33 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 52 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 29 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 13 26

Transport, Postal and Warehousing employs around 583 400 workers, or 5% of the workforce in Australia. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment grew strongly, by 84 000 (or 16.8%). This growth was largely concentrated in the subdivisions of Transport Support Services (up by 27 900) and Postal and Courier Pick-up and Delivery Services (22 600). Rail Transport also contributed 18 800 new jobs. Over the next fi ve years, employment in Transport, Postal and Warehousing is expected to grow by 77 000 (or 13.2%), most of which is expected in the Postal and Courier Pick-up and Delivery Services (20 100) and Road Transport (18 400) sectors.

The industry has an older profi le (47% of workers are aged 45 years or older compared with 38%) than all industries. The majority of workers in the industry are males (78%) and the vast majority of workers are employed full-time (80%).

This workforce has a relatively low skill profi le. More than one in every two workers in this industry (52%) does not hold post–school qualifi cations, compared with 39% for all industries.

Transport, Postal and Warehousing employs around 188 500 people in regional Australia, 33% of its employment. This is slightly lower than the average for all industries (37%).

Overall, the industry employs 5% of the Australian workforce, however about 8% of workers in Mackay-Fitzroy-Central West in Queensland are employed in the industry and just 2% in the ACT.

Wholesale TradeEmployment This industry All industriesEmployment (number) 406 000 11 390 100Employment change (past 5 years) % 10.1 13.1Working part-time % 16 30Female % 32 45Aged 45 years or older % 41 38Employment outside state capital cities % 29 37EducationWithout post-school qualifi cations % 47 39With VET qualifi cations (Cert III or higher) % 28 30With a Bachelor degree or higher % 20 26

The Wholesale Trade industry is one of the smaller employing industries in Australia, employing 406 000 workers. Over the fi ve years to November 2010, employment increased by 37 300 (or 10.1%). Employment rose in most subdivisions, with the largest increase being recorded in Machinery and Equipment Wholesaling (up by 17 600). Employment is expected to rise by 23 800 (or 5.9%) over the next fi ve years. Motor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Parts Wholesaling is the only sector which is expected to experience a decline in employment over the next fi ve years (down by 3400).

A relatively high proportion of workers are male (68%) compared with all industries (55%). The majority of workers are employed full-time (84%) and 41% are aged 45 or older, higher than the average for all industries (38%).

Almost half the workers in this industry do not hold post-school qualifi cations, suggesting that there are good opportunities for entry level positions.

Employment is concentrated in the state capitals. Just 29% of workers in the industry are employed in regional Australia (or 121 700 workers), which is well below the average for all industries (37%).

Some regional areas, such as West Moreton in Queensland and Northern Tasmania have a relatively high proportion of their workforces in the industry (7% and 5% respectively).

Transport, Postal and Warehousing as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Wholesale Trade as a % of Total Employment in Each Region


Occupations and skills

AUSTRALIAN JOBS 201124 For more information see www.joboutlook.gov.au

Largest occupationsThe four largest occupational groups in Australia are

Professionals • — more than 2.4 million workers or about one in fi ve Australian workers.

Technicians and Trades Workers • and Clerical and Administrative Workers — each around 1.7 million, or 15% of Australia’s workforce.

Managers• — more than 1.4 million workers, or around 13% of employment.

Twenty fi ve of the individual occupations listed in the Job Prospects Matrix, which begins on page 36, employ more than 100 000 people. The fi ve largest employing occupations are

Sales Assistant (General) — 527 800•

Manager, Retail — 238 600•

Nurse, Registered — 214 000•

Clerk (General) — 191 200•

Receptionist — 183 600.•

Employment growth over the last two decades Over the last 20 years, employment growth for jobs that generally require a qualifi cation at the Diploma level or higher (or extensive on-the-job experience) has clearly outstripped the growth in lower skilled jobs (77% employment growth over this period compared with 28%).

Twenty years ago, 29% of Australia’s workforce was employed in a professional or managerial occupation. Now, more than one in three workers (34%) in Australia is employed in these groups, highlighting the increasing demand for skilled workers. Workers are now less likely to be employed in lower skilled occupations. Labourers (currently 10% of total employment) and Clerical and Administrative Workers (15%) now have a smaller share of employment than they did in 1990.

Growth in the number of Community and Personal Service Workers has also been strong over the past 20 years with these workers now accounting for almost one out of every ten workers in the Australian labour market.

Recent employment trendsOver the fi ve years to November 2010, employment growth was strongest for

Community and Personal Service• Workers —up by 24%

Professionals• — 19%

Managers• — 15%.

However, over the year to November 2010, employment growth was

particularly strong for

Sales Workers —• up by 9.4%

Technicians and Trades Workers • — 6.7%.

This growth in demand for Technicians and Trades Workers refl ects,

in part, recovery from the global recession and strong demand for trade

skills from the Mining sector, which has a fl ow-on effect to other

industries.

Hours of workThere is quite a marked variation in hours of work across the major

occupational groups. More than half of those employed as Sales Workers

and Community and Personal Services Workers are employed part-time

(56% and 52% respectively) and more than one-third of Clerical and

Administrative Workers (35%) work part-time. This suggests these

occupations offer good opportunities for people seeking shorter work

hours to balance employment with study or caring responsibilities.

Females also make up a larger proportion of these workforces, more than

three in every fi ve workers, than the national workforce average of 45%.

Age profi leThe Manager group has the oldest age profi le, with half of these workers

aged 45 years or older refl ecting, in part, the many years of experience

generally required to become a Manager. Machinery Operators and Drivers (46% aged 45 years or older) and Clerical and Administrative Workers

(42%) also have relatively old age profi les.

OCCUPATIONAL OVERVIEW

Occupational Employment

Employ’t Nov 2010 Employ’t change 1 year to Nov 2010

Employ’t change 5 years to Nov 2010

Occupation Major Group ‘000

% o

f tot

al

wor

kfor

ce

‘000

% ‘000

% % w

orki

ng

part

-tim

e

% fe

mal

e

% a

ged

45

year

s or

ol

der

Managers 1449.4 13 -8.1 -0.6 184.2 14.6 12 34 50

Professionals 2415.4 21 58.0 2.5 386.9 19.1 24 53 40

Technicians and Trades 1702.3 15 106.4 6.7 182.8 12.0 13 13 32

Community and Personal Services 1082.3 10 56.3 5.5 211.2 24.2 52 69 34

Clerical and Administrative 1681.7 15 36.3 2.2 106.8 6.8 35 75 42

Sales Workers 1132.6 10 97.4 9.4 86.6 8.3 56 62 25

Machinery Operators and Drivers 723.3 6 34.2 5.0 79.2 12.3 14 9 46

Labourers 1190.4 10 11.8 1.0 83.3 7.5 44 34 38Total (all occupations)1 11 390.1 100 369.0 3.3 1316.8 13.1 30 45 38

Source: ABS Labour Force Survey1 Trend data, totals do not add


AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2011 25For more information see www.joboutlook.gov.au

Occupational clustersThe previous page examined the occupational labour market by major group. To assist you to explore career opportunities and compare occupations, it is also useful to cluster ‘like’ occupations such as Carers and Aides, Drivers and Storepersons and Hospitality Workers.

The top 20 growth clusters, based on the number of new jobs projected for the next fi ve years, are presented in the chart below. The growth clusters are spread across all industries and skill levels, highlighting the range of opportunities available in the Australian labour market. Some clusters may have stronger growth (in terms of percentage change) but the clusters listed in the chart are expected to have the largest number of new jobs.

Projected Employment Growth to 2015–16 Top 20 Occupational Clusters (‘000)

Source: DEEWR employment projections

The occupational cluster with the largest projected employment growth is Carers and Aides. Medical Practitioners and Nurses, Construction Trades, Electrotechnology and Telecommunications Trades, and Education Professionals also have strong projected growth.

Some clusters, such as Carers and Aides, and Medical Practitioners and Nurses, are employed mainly in one industry (Health Care and Social Assistance ) while others, including Business, Finance and Human Resource Professionals, have employment spread across many industries.

This cluster approach is also used in Job Outlook www.joboutlook.gov.au. On this site, select the occupation in which you are interested then click the ‘Related Jobs’ tab to see graphs with data on employment characteristics, trends and prospects for the relevant clusters, including comparisons between occupations within the cluster.

Most new jobs are in skilled occupations The Australian Bureau of Statistics classifi es occupations into skill levels. Generally, the higher the skill level, the greater the amount of formal education and/or training, previous experience and on-the-job training required to competently perform the set of tasks for that occupation.

The following table outlines the fi ve skill levels, noting they are expressed in terms of qualifi cations required for competent performance in an occupation. These are indicative, and for many occupations, some years of relevant experience can substitute for formal qualifi cations.

Projected Employment Growth to 2015-16 Skill Level (‘000)

Skill Level Equivalent qualifi cation level

5 Year Growth

1 Bachelor Degree or higher qualifi cation. 499.52 AQF Associate Degree, Advanced Diploma or Diploma. 179.93 AQF Certifi cate III (including at least two years of

on-the-job training) or IV.207.6

4 AQF Certifi cate II or III. 327.65 AQF Certifi cate I or compulsory secondary education. 111.0Source: DEEWR employment projections

More than half the projected growth in jobs over the next fi ve years is expected to be in the highly skilled occupations, which includes those at skill level 1 or 2.

Projected Employment Growth to 2015-16 Skill Level (% share)


However, job opportunities are expected across all skill levels. The top fi ve occupations expected to provide the largest number of new jobs are

Electricians (58 900)•

Registered Nurses (52 700)•

Aged and Disabled Carers (46 700)•

General Clerks (31 500)•

Child Carers (30 600).•

OCCUPATIONAL CLUSTERS AND SKILL LEVEL

28.2

28.2

29.5

31.1

31.8

32.5

33.5

35.3

35.7

35.9

35.9

37.5

38.7

41.2

43.9

63.8

68.7

68.9

85.5

112.6

Corporate Managers

Food Trades

Drivers and Storepersons

Business, Finance and Human Resource Professionals

Health and Welfare Support Workers

Numerical Clerks

Health Diagnostic and Therapy Professionals

Engineering, ICT and Science Technicians, Inspectors

Legal, Social and Welfare Professionals

Hospitality Workers

Engineers

General-Inquiry Clerks, Call Centre, Receptionists

Sales Assistants and Salespersons

Hospitality, Retail and Service Managers

Education Professionals

Electrotechnology and Telecommunications Trades

Construction Trades

Medical Practitioners and Nurses

Carers and Aides

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Automotive and Engineering Trades

Skill Level 5, 8.4

Skill Level 4, 24.7

Skill Level 3, 15.7

Skill Level 2, 13.6

Skill Level 1, 37.7



Most new jobs will be in a small number of industriesAll industries are projected to increase their employment over the next fi ve years except Manufacturing, where employment is expected to decline (continuing a long-term trend). Over the fi ve years to 2015-16, though, more than half of the new jobs in Australia are expected to be provided by just three of the 19 industries. The pie chart below shows that one in four new jobs (323 300 or 24.5% of new jobs) are expected to be in Health Care and Social Assistance, with Construction and Professional, Scientifi c and Technical Services together also creating more than a quarter of new jobs (195 800 and 149 800 respectively).

Projected Employment Growth to 2015-16, Top 10 Industries (‘000)


Other industries which are expected to provide large numbers of new jobs include Transport, Postal and Warehousing (77 000), Retail Trade (76 400) and Mining (69 200).

Projected Employment Growth to 2015-16 Industry (% share)


At the more disaggregated level, the top ten industry subdivisions providing the most new jobs are expected to be

Building Installation Services (78 100)•

Hospitals (71 500)•

Architectural, Engineering and Technical Services (68 200)•

Cafes, Restaurants and Takeaway Food Services (67 900)•

Residential Care Services (56 200)•

Other Social Assistance Services (54 700)•

School Education (49 400)•

Building Completion Services (47 300)•

Allied Health Services (44 300)•

Computer System Design and Related Services (42 000).•

In which occupation groups will the new jobs be?While all eight major occupational groups are expected to have larger employment in fi ve years time, there are projected to be smaller employment gains for the lower skilled occupational groups of Sales Workers, Labourers and Machinery Operators and Drivers, highlighting the importance of undertaking post-school education and training to improve your job and career prospects.

Over the fi ve years to 2015-16, the largest jobs growth is expected to be for Professionals (385 000), followed by Technicians and Trades Workers (240 100) and Community and Personal Service Workers (218 100). There are also expected to be large numbers of new jobs for Managers (143 600) and Clerical and Administrative Workers (115 900).

Projected Employment Growth to 2015-16 Occupation Major Group (‘000)


The graph below highlights the strong role that Professionals will play in contributing to overall employment growth over the next fi ve years, with around 31% of new jobs being in this group.

Projected Employment Growth to 2015-16 Occupation Group (% share)


DEEWR prepares indicative projections of employment growth. The latest

projections are for the fi ve years to 2015–16, and are based, in part, on

forecasts from economic forecasting organisations, especially Access

Economics and the Centre of Policy Studies (CoPS) at Monash University.

They also take account of recent employment trends and prospective

industry developments.

INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL PROJECTIONS

Retail Trade, 5.8

Health Care and Social Assistance, 24.5

Construction, 14.9

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services, 11.4 Education and Training, 7.3

Transport, Postal and Warehousing, 5.8

Mining, 5.3

Other industries, 25.1

Sales Workers

Labourers

Machinery Operators and Drivers

Clerical and Administrative Workers

Managers

Community and Personal Service Workers

Technicians and Trades Workers

Professionals

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

385.0

55.0

55.6

61.7

115.9

143.6

218.1

240.1

Professionals, 30.2

Managers, 11.3

Technicians and Trade Workers, 18.8

Community and PersonalService Workers, 17.1

Clerical and Administrative Workers, 9.1

Sales Workers, 4.3

Machinery Operators and Drivers, 4.8 Labourers, 4.4

46.6

47.5

48.4

69.2

76.4

77.0

95.7

149.8195.8

Accommodation and Food Services

Other Services

Administrative and Support Services

Mining

Retail Trade

Transport, Postal and Warehousing

Education and Training

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services

Construction

Health Care and Social Assistance

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

323.3



The number of Australian apprentices and trainees in-training is increasingOver the ten years to June 2010, the number of Australian apprentices and trainees in-training increased signifi cantly, to about 440 600. The profi le of Australian apprentices and trainees has also changed, showing that there is an opportunity to undertake training regardless of your age or gender.

There is now a higher proportion of people aged 45 years or older in-training, around one in every eight (or 57 500) apprentices and trainees is in this age group. The proportion of females in-training has increased as well. Ten years ago, females comprised about 31% of apprentices but now they now account for around 34%.

Apprentices and Trainees In-Training by Gender (‘000)

Source: NCVER Apprentices and Trainees Collection

The rise in the number of females in-training has been signifi cantly greater than that for males over the past decade. The number of females rose by about 79% and the number of males rose by 55%. Overall, the numbers of apprentices and trainees in-training rose by 62%.

Apprentices and Trainees In-Training by Age (‘000)

Source: NCVER Apprentices and Trainees Collection

Over the past decade, the proportion of apprentices and trainees in-training who are aged 45 years or older has risen markedly, up from 8% of the total in 2000 to 13% in 2010.

The level of qualifi cation being attained has also risen. Almost 92% of Australian apprentices and trainees in-training in September 2010 were studying for a AQF Certifi cate III level Vocational Education and Training qualifi cation or higher. This is well above the proportion recorded a decade ago (79%).

There are more students studying at universityThere were 813 900 domestic students enrolled in university in 2009, an increase of 5.4% compared with 2008. Ten years earlier, there were 603 200 domestic students at university.

In 2009, more than half (55%) of all domestic university students were female and 70% of students were studying full-time.

University Student Enrolments by Gender (‘000)

Source: DEEWR Higher Education Statistics

Opportunities to study at university are available no matter how old you are. In 2009, more than 100 000 domestic university students were aged 40 years or older, a 42% increase over the past decade.

University Student Enrolments by Age (‘000)

Source: DEEWR Higher Education Statistics

A growing proportion of the Australian workforce holds qualifi cations at the Bachelor degree or higher level, refl ecting increased demand from employers for highly skilled workers. In line with this, over the ten years to 2009, the number of domestic students attaining this level of qualifi cation increased by 28%.

The increase in the number of students completing higher education studies has not, though, been distributed evenly among the fi elds of education. Over the past decade, the number of award completions in Health increased by 60%, while those in Engineering and Related Technologies increased by 13%. By contrast, the number of award completions in Information Technology decreased by 51% and those in Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies decreased by 7%, despite shortages being evident in some related occupations.

186.6

263.1

289.3

84.6

135.6151.3

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2000 2005 2010

Male Female

266.2

310.7341.7336.9

405.7

472.2

0

100

200

300

400

500

1999 2004 2009

Males Females

70.992.7

216.2

278.8

176.6187.7

168.0181.1

237.4

205.3218.5

100.4

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

19 years and under 20 to 24 years 25 to 39 years 40 years or over

1999 2004 2009

101.3

80.967.6

21.4

105.2113.6

47.7

135.3

114.2

133.6

57.5

132.2

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2000 2005 2010

19 years and under 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 years or over

WHO IS IN-TRAINING?



The Australian workforce is becoming more skilledThe Australian workforce is becoming more educated and more highly skilled. Looking at the industries where employment growth is strongest, like Health Care and Social Assistance where almost three-quarters of workers hold post-school qualifi cations, it is apparent that most of the new jobs of the future will require post-school qualifi cations to meet employers’ demand for skilled workers. This means that you are at an increasing disadvantage when looking for work if you have a low level of education, or have not completed post-school study.

There has been a marked increase in the proportion of Australian workers who hold post-school qualifi cations. Around half of those employed in 2000 had studied after leaving school but by 2010, this had risen to around 61%.

Educational Profi le (% of total employed) May 2010

Highest level of post-school qualifi cation %

Postgraduate Degree 5.1

Graduate Diploma/Certifi cate 2.5

Bachelor Degree 18.8

Advanced Diploma/Diploma 10.1

Certifi cate III/IV 19.6

Certifi cate I/II 3.8

Certifi cate not further defi ned 1.0

No post-school qualifi cation 39.1

Source: ABS Survey of Education and Work

There are signifi cant differences in the qualifi cation profi le of the workforce in cities compared with regional areas. In cities, people are much more likely to have a university qualifi cation, while in regional Australia, people are more likely to hold Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualifi cations. In part, this refl ects the industry base of many regional locations, where Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing; Construction; Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services ; Transport, Storage and Warehousing; and Mining often represent relatively high shares of local employment.

Highest Level of Educational Attainment, by Remoteness Area, 2009 (% of total employed)

Source: ABS Survey of Education and Training

Higher qualifi cations increase your chance of getting a jobThere is plenty of evidence to suggest your level of education has a signifi cant effect on your chance of getting a job. The May 2010 ABS Education and Work survey shows that those with a Certifi cate III/IV or higher qualifi cation have lower unemployment rates than workers who do not hold post-school qualifi cations. The higher your qualifi cation, the less likely you are to be unemployed and data on page 29 also show higher qualifi cations generally mean higher pay.

In 2010, the unemployment rate for workers with Year 10 as their highest qualifi cation was 9.9%, compared with 6.4% for people who completed Year 12, 3.8% for those with Certifi cate III/IV qualifi cations and 2.7% for people who completed a Bachelor degree.

Unemployment Rate by Qualifi cation, May 2009 and May 2010 (%)

Source: ABS Survey of Education and Work

Employment outcomes for university and VET graduates are goodFor Bachelor degree graduates, Graduate Careers Australia’s (GCA) 2010 graduate survey shows that 76% of surveyed graduates had found full-time work by 30 April 2010 after fi nishing their degrees in 2009.

For VET graduates, the National Centre for Vocational Education Research’s (NCVER) survey of VET students for 2010 found that 76% of surveyed graduates found work approximately six months after graduating. While this fi gure also includes people employed on a part-time basis, these results are similar to the outcomes for Bachelor degree students.

DEEWR projections (see the Job Prospects Matrix from page 36) show that employment growth over the next fi ve years is expected to be strong and job prospects are above average for most professions. Many trade occupations also have strong employment growth and above average job prospects.

Bachelor Degree and VET Graduates Employed After Graduation, 2008 to 2010

Bachelor Degree Graduates

Vocational Education and Training Graduates

Employed full-time at 30 April following

graduation

Employed (full-time or part-time) at 28 May following graduation

2010 76.2 76.32009 79.2 77.82008 85.2 80.7Source: Gradstats and NCVER Student Outcomes

EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT

26.8

24.9

% with a university qualification

24.1

27.9

31.3

14.6

12.7

13.7

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0

Remote Australia

Outer regionalAustralia

Inner regionalAustralia

Major citiesof Australia

% with a VET Cert III/IV or higher

9.9

6.4

3.8

2.7

10.4

7.1

4.3

3.4

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0

Year 10

Year 12

Certificate III/IV

Bachelor Degree

2010 2009



Graduate demand is strong in regional areasNational Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) data also show that Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualifi cations are particularly sought after in regional and remote areas of Australia. VET graduates in regional and remote Australia are more likely to fi nd employment after graduation than those in major cities. This is particularly the case for graduates in remote areas (86% were employed after graduating compared with 74% in major cities) and they are also more likely to command a higher income once they have found employment (average annual income of $53 900 compared with $47 500 in major cities).

Outcomes for Vocational Education and Training Graduates in Regional and Remote Australia, 2010

Average annual income for

full-time employed graduates

Employed at 28 May

following graduation

Major cities $ 47 500 74%

Inner and outer regional $ 47 400 78%

Remote and very remote $ 53 900 86%

Source: NCVER Student Outcomes

Employment outcomes by fi eld of studyGraduate employment outcomes by fi eld of study are useful to see which graduates do best in the labour market but they need to be examined in the context of other information. The information shown below is employment outcomes for Bachelor degree graduates, but the entry qualifi cation for some occupations is commonly a Master’s degree. Graduate Careers Australia fi gures show that in Architecture, for example, more than 40% of 2009 Bachelor degree graduates were in further study at 30 April 2010. For Certifi cate III/IV graduates in Information Technology, around half were studying (some combining work and further study). For some other occupations, there is a mandatory internship/registration year before a graduate is admitted to the occupation (for example, Medical Practitioner), so a high proportion of these graduates are in full-time work.

Detailed information is at www.graduatecareers.com.au/Research/GradJobsDollars/index.htm and www.ncver.edu.au/statistic/21065

Bachelor Degree Graduates (% of those seeking full-time employment who were working full-time at 30 April), 2010

Source: Graduate Careers Australia, Gradfi les

VET Graduates Employed (% of total) at 28 May after Graduation, 2010

Source: NCVER Student Outcomes

Starting salaries for graduatesIn 2010, Graduate Careers Australia (GCA) fi gures show the median annual starting salary for all Bachelor degree graduates aged less than 25 years and in their fi rst full-time job in Australia was $49 000, up from $48 000 in 2009.

The fi ve highest starting salaries were for

Dentistry ($75 000)•

Optometry ($70 000)•

Engineering ($56 000)•

Medicine ($55 000)•

Earth Sciences ($54 000).•

In 2010, NCVER data show the average annual salary for graduates with a qualifi cation through VET who were in full-time work six months after completing their training was

Diploma or higher ($54 600)•

Certifi cate IV ($54 400)•

Certifi cate III ($45 500)•

Certifi cate II ($42 200)•

Certifi cate I ($42 000).•

In 2010, for graduates with a qualifi cation through VET who were in full-time work six months after completing their training, the highest average salaries were in the fi elds of

Education ($63 500)•

Engineering and Related Technology ($50 400)•

Health ($49 300)•

Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies ($47 600)•

Management and Commerce ($47 500).•

Useful linkswww.graduatecareers.com.au – information for higher education graduates

www.ncver.edu.au – information on Vocational Education and Training graduate outcomes and research

www.jobsearch.gov.au – graduate careers in the Australian Government and State agencies – Click on ‘graduate links’

www.goingtouni.gov.au – more about studying at university

Further information is available at www.graduatecareers.com.au/Research/GradJobsDollars/index and www.ncver.edu.au/resources/sos_online

0 20 40 60 80 100

Visual/Performing Arts

Life Sciences

Mathematics

Chemical Engineering

Agriculture

Architecture

Accounting

Law

Building

Rehabilitation 88.8

84.3

82.1

79.1

75.8

69.3

67.7

66.8

61.0

53.3

60.0

61.9

67.1

73.1

74.1

77.4

80.1

83.1

84.7

84.8

87.1

Creative Arts

Information Technology

Natural and Physical Sciences

Food, Hospitality and Personal ServicesManagement and Commerce

Society and Culture

Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies

Health

Engineering and Related Technologies

Education

Architecture and Building

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT



What are employability skills?Employability skills are non-technical or generic skills, such as communication, team work and problem solving, which contribute to your ability to be an effective and successful participant in the workplace. They are sometimes referred to as key, core, life, essential, or soft skills. Unlike many technical skills, employability skills are transferable between jobs.

Given the value employers place on workplace experience, entry-level positions can be a great place for you to develop these skills. Employers place a strong emphasis on the need for both entry-level and ongoing employees to exhibit a broad range of attributes. As a result, employers often reject applicants who are suitable in many other respects, even those who hold elevated qualifi cations because they do not have the required employability skills they desire.

Employers look for employability skills particularly when there are large numbers of applicants, or when choosing between competing applicants that are suitable in other respects. This makes employability skills especially important, with the most commonly reported diffi culty in fi nding work among unemployed persons in the past year being ‘Too many applicants for available jobs’1.

The importance of employability skills is highlighted further by the fact that it is now a requirement of nationally recognised Vocational Education and Training Packages to embed employability skills into course content. In order to fi nd out what employability skills can be gained in a particular training package or course, just enter the course code into the search box on employabilityskills.training.com.au.

There are eight identifi ed employability skills and these are summarised below. While employers consider all eight to be important, particular jobs may require some more than others. For example, jobs in the retail industry may require strong communication skills, whereas jobs in administration may require a good working knowledge of common computer software, such as Microsoft Word and Excel.

Communication

Communication skills contribute to productive and harmonious relations between employees and customers. They include effective listening and understanding, speaking clearly and directly, being assertive and persuasive, reading effectively, writing to the needs of the audience and being responsive in negotiations and requests.

Communication skills are one of the most important employability skills as they are the fi rst skills an employer encounters. Their importance is borne out by two recent surveys. The ABS Job Search Experience survey found 67% of new employees had written, phoned, or applied in person to an employer for work; and the DEEWR Survey of Employers’ Recruitment Experiences found that of all the employability skills, applicants were most lacking in communication skills.

Team work

Team work skills contribute to productive working relationships and outcomes. They include the capacity to work harmoniously with a wide range of people and understanding your role in the team as well as identifying the strengths of team members and using them to meet objectives.

1. Source: ABS Job Search Experience, July 2010

Problem solving

Problem solving skills contribute to productive outcomes and include the capacity to develop creative, innovative and practical solutions, and to apply a range of strategies across a range of areas to solve specifi c problems.

Initiative and enterprise

Initiative and enterprise skills contribute to innovative outcomes. They include the ability to adapt to change, develop effective work practices, identify opportunities and translate ideas into action.

Planning and organising

Planning and organising skills contribute to long-term and short-term strategic planning. They include the capacity to manage priorities by setting timelines, coordinating tasks and working systematically.

Self management

Self management skills contribute to employee satisfaction and growth. They include having a personal vision and clear goals, evaluating one’s own performance at work, seeking continuous self improvement to enhance performance, having clarity and confi dence and taking responsibility.

Learning

Learning skills contribute to ongoing improvement and expansion in employee and company operations and outcomes. They include proactive involvement in training and learning opportunities while working in your current job.

Technology

Technological skills contribute to the effective execution of tasks. They include a basic understanding of word processing, spreadsheets and internet/email and an ability to adapt to new and emerging technologies in the workplace.

Other attributes valued by employers

Employers also value a range of attributes relating to employability skills including: loyalty, commitment, honesty and integrity, enthusiasm, reliability, personal presentation, commonsense, positive self esteem, ability to deal with pressure, motivation and adaptability. These attributes enable individuals to be successful both in and outside the workplace and to maintain a healthy work-life balance.

For many employers, employability skills and personal attributes are just as important as the technical ability to do the job. For this reason it is important for job seekers wishing to enter the workforce to incorporate these skills into job applications and demonstrate them at interviews.

EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS



What are green skills and green jobs?Green skills, or skills for sustainability, are the professional and vocational skills, as well as the generic skills (such as sustainable approaches, innovation and problem solving) required for new green jobs and the greening of existing jobs across all industry sectors as a response to climate change and sustainability imperatives.

There is no doubt that new green jobs will be created as we move to a greener economy. This includes occupations in clean energy production and jobs in the manufacturing and production of clean and green consumer items.

However, as businesses and entire industries across the economy move to more sustainable ways of working, it is likely that a whole host of existing jobs will be made greener. Workers across a range of occupations will need new skills to increase effi ciency, reduce waste, conserve water and develop and implement new technologies and practices for a more sustainable world.

Plumbers, for example, with the right skills and training will be able to install and maintain devices and systems for water and energy effi ciency, recycling, rain water harvesting and waste reduction. They will also be able to promote and advise customers on these products, while moulding business culture by contributing to the bottom line in a sustainable and environmentally-friendly way.

Green skills will be important to all industries and sectors, not just to the trades. For example

lawyers, accountants and economists will need to respond to the • demand for environmental reporting and accounting practices

planners, architects and engineers will need to respond to demand • for sustainable design and new green materials

business owners and operators will need to respond to rapidly • escalating energy, water and waste costs

retailers, service providers and procurement managers will need to • respond to increasing consumer and client demand for green products and services, and

primary producers will need to respond to rising input costs and • land degradation.

Green skills are about preparing all Australians in all parts of the country for the challenges of the future and the transition to a sustainable, low carbon economy.

What is the Government doing to provide opportunities for Australians to access green skills and green jobs? The Australian Government is committed to ensuring that the education and training system is capable of providing a workforce that has the skills required to drive and promote sustainable outcomes in the workplace and the community.

In particular, under the Green Skills Agreement, all new trade apprentices commencing training from 2011 will graduate with a core set of skills, knowledge and training in sustainable principles and practices.

The Green Skills Agreement, which was endorsed by the Council of Australian Governments in December 2009, commits the Australian and state and territory governments to working with training organisations and business to ensure skills for sustainability are an integral part of all Vocational Education and Training (VET) and are relevant to the needs of industry.

The four objectives of the Agreement are

developing national standards for skills for sustainability instruction • within the requirements of the national regulatory framework

upskilling VET teachers and instructors so they can provide effective • training and facilitation in skills for sustainability

reviewing and revising Training Packages to incorporate skills for • sustainability, and

implementing strategies to reskill vulnerable workers in the transition • to a low carbon economy.

In addition, the National Green Jobs Corps (NGJC) program is an environmental work experience and training program for eligible young Australians aged 17 to 24 years old. The program commenced on 1 January 2010 and runs until 31 December 2011.

NGJC helps young people develop valuable skills and experiences in the environmental and climate change growth industries, ensuring they are ready for employment in these areas.

NGJC participants are involved in 26 weeks of environmental training, where they undertake both practical work experience and accredited training towards a Certifi cate II level qualifi cation.

Young people doing NGJC work on projects focused on the conservation, protection and rejuvenation of Australia’s natural environment and cultural heritage.

The types of projects they are involved in include

bush regeneration•

beach and dune rehabilitation•

wildlife and fi sh habitat protection•

fl ora, fauna and land surveys and audits•

community consultation and surveys relating to the environment•

training and hands-on experience in the installation of energy • effi ciencies (such as insulation for buildings) designed to reduce carbon emissions, and

developing community information and education products.•

In addition, each project gives participants the opportunity to develop teamwork and leadership skills while preparing for employment opportunities. Young people interested in participating in NGJC should talk to their local Centrelink, Job Services Australia or Disability Employment Services provider. Further information about NGJC can be found at www.deewr.gov.au/ngjc.

SKILLS FOR SUSTAINABILITY



What help is available for me?There is a wide range of Government assistance available to help you fi nd the right job, gain skills through training and understand your rights in the workplace. The following information is summary in nature and cannot fully explain the large number of policies and programs available to help you.

If you would like further information, the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations’ website www.deewr.gov.au is the place to start. If you do not have access to the Internet, call DEEWR on 13 17 64. Centrelink can help too. Go to www.centrelink.gov.au or phone 13 24 90.

EMPLOYMENT

Job Services Australia assistance Job Services Australia is the Australian Government’s national employment services system. Jobs Services Australia is a one stop shop for employment services, and providers are located in more than 2100 towns, cities and rural sites across Australia.

If you are a job seeker, you will be linked to a provider of your choosing who will work with you throughout the duration of your journey to employment. The provider will work with you to develop an Employment Pathway Plan, based on your needs and circumstances, which sets out the services and training that will help you to fi nd and keep a job.

Details about Job Services Australia, including information for specialist services which are summarised below, and the location of Job Services Australia providers, are available at www.deewr.gov.au/jobservicesaustralia.

Youth Job Services Australia is also available to young people who are aged between 15 and 20, who are not employed for more than 15 hours per week or in full-time education and not in receipt of income support. In addition, if you have signifi cant issues preventing you from getting a job, you may be able to register directly with a Job Services Australia provider to get immediate help. Go to www.youth.gov.au for the answers you need.

People from non-English speaking backgroundsIf you are a job seeker from a non-English speaking background, Job Services Australia can help you to get a job. You may also be given the choice of attending a culturally and linguistically diverse specialist provider.

IndigenousThe Australian Government is committed to halving the employment gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians within a decade. If you are an Indigenous job seeker and are experiencing barriers to getting a job, all Job Services Australia providers can deliver specifi c services for you. You may also be given the choice of attending an Indigenous specialist. They operate in many locations across Australia and will also have strategies for employing and retaining Indigenous Australians in their own organisations.

ParentsAs a parent or carer, you may have additional responsibilities and needs that affect your ability to secure employment. Job Services Australia can help you gain skills and improve your job prospects. All principal carer parents on income support are eligible to access Job Services Australia services. Assistance could also include support to access suitable child care.

Mature age employmentIf you are 50 years of age or older and looking for work, you can register to receive help from Job Services Australia. Your Job Services Australia provider will work with you to develop your own combination of job search, training and other assistance to address barriers to employment and to help you get and keep a job.

You may also want to explore the Experience+ website. This site contains information for employers, mature age job seekers and mature age workers. This service includes free career advice, a résumé appraisal service, on-the job support and job transition support. Experience+ can be found on the DEEWR website at www.deewr.gov.au/employment/programs/expplus.

People with disabilityThe new Disability Employment Services provides improved services for job seekers with disability, injury, or health condition and can support their families and carers and employers. Disability Employment Services providers are organisations contracted by the Australian Government across Australia in more than 2000 sites. They provide a wide range of services and support to help you fi nd and maintain sustainable employment.

Disability Employment Services providers will work with you to develop an individual program that focuses on your strengths, abilities and the barriers you face in getting a job. Once you are placed in a job your provider may also support you in the workplace if you need help to keep your job.

For more information, visit the DEEWR website, or JobAccess. www.jobaccess.gov.au is a one-stop information shop providing help for employers, employees, job seekers and service providers for the employment of people with disability.

New Enterprise Incentive SchemeStarting a new business is another employment option available to you as a job seeker. If you are considering setting up your own business, you may be eligible for the New Enterprise Incentive Scheme, depending on your personal circumstances. For more information see www.deewr.gov.au/Employment/JSA/EmploymentServices/Pages/NEIS.

Harvest Labour ServicesHarvest Labour Services can help you fi nd work as a harvest labourer in rural and regional areas across Australia. Harvest work is generally available throughout the year where there are not enough local workers to harvest fruit and vegetable crops or assist wool growers. The National Harvest Labour Information Service can help you fi nd information about fruit and vegetable harvest jobs across Australia. See jobsearch.gov.au/harvesttrail.

EMPLOYMENT, EDUCATION AND TRAINING SERVICES



Help if you have lost your jobAny workers who are made redundant are eligible for employment support with a Job Services Australia provider of their choice.

In some circumstances, the Government is able to provide labour adjustment packages to assist employees in areas where large scale closures may impact on the local labour market. Workers from eligible companies in the automotive manufacturing industry and the textile, clothing and footwear industry have immediate access to intensive assistance through Job Services Australia. For more information, see www.deewr.gov.au/Employment/JSA/JobSeekerSupport.

The General Employee Entitlements and Redundancy Scheme (GEERS) (see below) may also be able to assist you if you are owed unpaid wages or other entitlements because your employer has entered liquidation or is bankrupt.

WORKPLACE RELATIONS

What support is available after I have a job?Fair Work Australia (FWA) is the national workplace relations tribunal. It is an independent body with power to carry out a range of functions including providing a safety net of minimum conditions, including minimum wages, protection from unfair dismissal, balance between work and family life, and the right to be represented in the workplace. For more information see www.fwa.gov.au.

General Employee Entitlements and Redundancy Scheme (GEERS)Are you owed unpaid wages or other entitlements due to your employer going bankrupt? GEERS is a payment scheme established to assist employees who have lost their employment due to the liquidation or bankruptcy of their employer and who are owed capped unpaid wages, annual and long service leave, capped payment in lieu of notice and capped redundancy pay. For more information see www.deewr.gov.au/geers.

EDUCATION AND TRAININGSkills are vital to the Australian economy and to improve your chances of gaining the job you want. There are many training opportunities available, from Australian Apprenticeships and university study to short courses which can help you gain employability skills and skills for sustainability (more information about employability and sustainability skills are on pages 30 and 31).

From more information see www.deewr.gov.au

Australian ApprenticeshipsAn apprenticeship is a training contract between an employer and an employee in which the apprentice or trainee learns the skills needed for a particular occupation or trade.

Australian Apprenticeships are available to you if you are of working age. They do not require any entry qualifi cations. You can be a school leaver, re-entering the workforce or simply wishing to change careers. You may even be able to start an Australian Apprenticeship while you are still at school. No matter in what industry you might be interested, there is likely to be an Australian Apprenticeship to meet your needs.

The Australian Government has introduced a number of initiatives to help ease the fi nancial diffi culties Australian Apprentices experience in the early years of their apprenticeship, particularly in trades experiencing a skills shortage. If you are interested in an Australian Apprenticeship visit www.australianapprenticeships.gov.au for more information.

Higher EducationIf you are considering studying at a university, the Australian Government provides information about higher education, providers of higher education and student places, including information about enrolling and course costs, loans, scholarships and income support for students. www.goingtouni.gov.au is a good starting point and it links to other useful resources.

REGIONAL ASSISTANCE

Regional Development Australia Fund The Regional Development Australia Fund will provide around $1 billion to boost economic development in the regions. The Government is calling for applications for projects that will boost economic development, create local jobs and lift the quality of life in local communities and regions. Interested parties can register to receive guidelines for the Fund when they are released by sending an email to [email protected] with ‘RDAF Interest’ in the subject line.

Local Employment CoordinatorsLocal Employment Coordinators (LECs) work in 20 vulnerable areas across Australia. LECs identify opportunities and drive strategic responses to local needs by facilitating linkages across business, community, provider organisations and all levels of government to help people into jobs and meet demands for skills and labour.

The LECs work with Keep Australia Working committees to harness local expertise and provide guidance to develop and implement Regional Employment Plans that set out the employment priorities for the region. LECs provide assistance to retrenched workers, develop and support local employment projects and industry events, connect employers with and increase awareness of available government assistance and how to access it, and work closely with Regional Development Australia to enhance the growth and development of Australia’s regions.

LECs have good links in their regions and work at a grassroots level to address labour market issues in local communities. By working closely with their communities, LECs actively encourage participation to the benefi t of local communities and their economies. See www.deewr.gov.au for more information.

Relocating for workConnecting People with Jobs helps eligible job seekers to relocate for full-time work or an apprenticeship. Eligible job seekers can be reimbursed with between $3000 and $9000 to assist with the cost of moving. To fi nd out more, contact your local Job Services Australia provider. Call 13 62 68 or visit www.deewr.gov.au/relocation.



Rural Tertiary Hardship FundThe Rural Tertiary Hardship Fund has been established to reduce barriers faced by rural and regional students, under the age of 25, who would experience fi nancial hardship in undertaking higher education without this assistance. The Fund will provide one-off grants of $3000 to eligible students. For information, including eligibility requirements, go to www.deewr.gov.au/rthf.

Scholarships for higher education studentsThe Government has introduced scholarships as an entitlement for university students receiving student payments. Since 1 April 2010, university students in receipt of Youth Allowance, Austudy or ABSTUDY have been eligible to receive a new annual Student Start-Up Scholarship for each year they are studying, valued at $2194 in 2011. If you are a student receiving Youth Allowance or ABSTUDY and you need to move away from home to study you may also be eligible for the new Relocation Scholarship, valued in 2011 at $4124 for the fi rst year of study and $1031 for each year following. Both scholarships are indexed annually. See www.centrelink.gov.au for more information on eligibility for scholarships.

Indigenous initiativesAre you an Indigenous student in regional or remote Australia who is interested in going to university? If so, there are a range of scholarships that you may wish to apply for. Contact the university at which you plan to study for more information.

If your studies are a mix of face to face contact and distance studies, you may also be eligible for the Away from Base program. This program covers travel costs for eligible Indigenous Vocational Education and Training and higher education students who undertake accredited courses of study through a combination of distance education and ‘residential’ periods of intensive face-to-face teaching. Speak with Centrelink about this program when you put in your ABSTUDY application, or ask your training provider if they are part of the program.

Aged care nursing scholarshipsInterested in pursuing a career as a registered Aged Care Nurse in regional Australia? The Aged Care Nursing Scholarship Scheme is an Australian Government initiative aimed at encouraging more people to enter aged care nursing and increasing the skills of nurses working in the aged care sector, particularly in rural and regional Australia. Preference is given to applicants living and working in regional, rural and remote areas, although applicants living in metropolitan areas with an aged care background may apply. For information on eligibility and how to apply go to www.rcna.org.au.

Scholarships for the allied health fi eldIf you live in regional Australia and are thinking about enrolling in an allied health related undergraduate or postgraduate degree, you may be eligible to apply for a scholarship under the Nursing and Allied Health Scholarship and Support Scheme. The allied health fi eld includes occupations such as audiologist, aboriginal health worker, dentist, medical diagnostic radiographer, occupational therapist, optometrist, physiotherapist and social worker. Scholarships are also available for professional development and clinical placements. See the Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health website at www.sarrah.org.au for more information

Thinking about a career in medicine?There is a range of schemes to promote careers in rural medicine and increase the number of doctors in rural and regional areas in the longer term. These include the HECS Reimbursement Scheme and the Bonded Medical Places Scheme. See www.doctorconnect.gov.au for a range of helpful information.

The Rural Australia Medical Undergraduate Scholarship Scheme (RAMUS) aims to increase the number of medicine students with a rural background. Scholarship holders receive $10 000 each year during the completion of a standard medical degree at their chosen university. For information on eligibility and how to apply go to ramus.ruralhealth.org.au.

Assistance for Isolated ChildrenChildren living in remote areas can often face signifi cant problems attending school on a regular basis. The Assistance for Isolated Children (AIC) Scheme helps the families of primary, secondary, and certain tertiary students who cannot attend an appropriate state school on a daily basis because of geographical isolation. For information on eligibility and how to apply go to www.deewr.gov.au/schooling/AssistanceforIsolatedChildrenScheme.

Job Prospects Matrix


How do I use the Job Prospects Matrix?In the Job Prospects Matrix, which starts on the next page, titles are arranged in alphabetical order and some are duplicated to make them easier to fi nd. For example, data for Carpenters and Joiners appear also as Joiners and Carpenters. Similar occupations may also be clustered together with their titles reversed, for example Mechanical Engineer will be listed under Engineer, Mechanical so it is adjacent to other Engineers to help you compare similar occupations. Descriptions of the data in each column of the Matrix are provided below.

Summary Job ProspectsThe Job Prospects Matrix provides a rating for each occupation for the period to 2015–16. There are three ratings: above average, average and below average.

Job Prospects just mean ‘what are the chances of getting a job’. It is important to note, though, that ratings are indicative and may vary from region to region and according to the skills and attributes of individual job seekers. Clearly, if you have high level skills in a particular fi eld your chances of getting a job in that occupation are better than they are for those who do not have relevant skills or experience. Do not be deterred from training or looking for work in occupations which have ‘average’ or ‘below average’ job prospects as there are opportunities in all occupations, and good candidates are always highly sought after.

Summary Job Prospects ratings in the Matrix are based on several factors including recent and projected job growth, main employing industries, skill shortages, unemployment, job turnover and vacancy trends. Job Prospects ratings are based on labour market conditions expected over the next fi ve years.

Job Outlook www.joboutlook.gov.au has more detailed information about Job Prospects for occupations, and a graph of key indicators for each occupation.

Employment and Employment ChangeThe Employment column provides information about the number of people employed in Australia in November 2010 for each occupation. It relates to total employment so it includes both full-time and part-time workers.

Employment Change shows the change in the number of people employed as well as the percentage change in employment over the fi ve years to November 2010.

UnemploymentThe Unemployment Rate is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force (employed plus unemployed). Unemployment is presented in fi ve categories: low, below average, average, above average and high.

An occupation may have high unemployment but also be experiencing shortages for particular skills. This can occur when there is a geographic mismatch between workers with skills and employers who are seeking skills, but may also be a result of the skills held by unemployed people not matching those required by employers.

GenderThis column shows the proportion of those employed in the occupation who are female. Overall, females comprise 45% of employment in Australia.

Median AgeData presented on age are the median age in years for workers in each occupation. That is, half the workers in the occupation are younger and half are older.

Full-time Employment ShareInformation provided shows the proportion of workers in the occupation who work full-time. The information is based on the ABS defi nition of full-time, which is workers who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

EarningsData on weekly earnings are before tax earnings for full-time employees in August 2009, and are obtained from the ABS publication Employee Earnings, Benefi ts and Trade Union Membership (Cat. no. 6310.0). They are median earnings, which means that half the employees in the occupation earn less than the median weekly amount and half earn more.

Earnings information is presented as ‘deciles’ with the lowest earnings in the fi rst decile and the highest in the tenth (about 10% of occupations are in each decile). The median earnings are for all ages and levels of experience, so they are indicative only and cannot be used to determine what a worker will actually earn in a particular job.

Weekly Earnings—decile ranges

1 ≥ $669 6 $1000-1059

2 $670-749 7 $1060-1236

3 $750-804 8 $1237-1344

4 $805-901 9 $1345-1563

5 $902-999 10 ≥ $1564

Future Employment Change

Employment growth projections for the period to 2015–16 are based on several inputs: occupational employment projections prepared by Monash University; recent employment growth; future and actual industry employment growth; and qualitative information on occupational developments.

Future Employment Change (% per annum)

1 ≤ –0.3 Decline

2 -0.2 to 1.4 Relatively stable employment or slight growth

3 1.5 to 2.3 Moderate growth

4 2.4 to 3.3 Strong growth

5 ≥ 3.4 Very strong growth

GUIDE TO THE JOBS PROSPECTS MATRIX



Occupation Job Prospects

Employ’t Nov 2010

Employ’t Change 5 years

to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age

F-T Share of Employ’t

2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decile

AAccountants average 157.6 16.3 11.5 average 47 38 83 9

Actors, Dancers and Other Entertainers average 5.1 -1.1 -17.8 above average 46 30 24 1

Actuaries, Mathematicians and Statisticians above average 4.9 -2.4 -33.3 low 37 36 89 10

Advertising and Marketing Professionals above average 49.5 9.3 23.1 average 54 33 84 6

Agricultural Technicians average 1.3 -1.2 -48.2 low 33 47 92 4

Agricultural, Forestry & Horticultural Operators above average 15.4 2.7 21.5 high 9 40 86 2

Air Transport Professionals above average 14.3 3.3 29.6 low 2 41 76 9

Airconditioning and Refrigeration Mechanics above average 23.6 4.3 22.4 average 0 32 91 3

Aircraft Maintenance Engineers above average 15.8 2.6 19.7 average 4 38 97 9

Ambulance Offi cers and Paramedics above average 13.3 2.8 27.2 average 27 40 93 8

Anaesthetists above average 5.2 1.4 36.3 low 22 39 84 10

Animal Attendants and Trainers average 12.0 -0.7 -5.7 above average 70 33 53 7

Aquaculture Workers average 1.6 - - high 5 23 71 1

Architects and Landscape Architects above average 23.1 1.6 7.4 below average 23 39 84 9

Architectural, Building & Surveying Technicians above average 61.2 3.0 5.2 average 10 41 92 9

Archivists, Curators and Records Managers above average 7.1 2.8 64.1 low 79 37 77 6

Auctioneers and Stock and Station Agents average 4.7 0.2 4.7 low 11 41 88 9

Audiologists and Speech Pathologists above average 8.3 3.9 89.3 below average 94 34 61 8

Auditors and Company Secretaries average 11.8 -0.2 -1.4 below average 31 38 89 7

Authors, and Book and Script Editors average 5.5 -0.2 -3.2 above average 66 47 57 9

Automotive Electricians above average 9.3 1.6 21.5 low 0 32 92 6

BBakers and Pastrycooks above average 34.2 11.3 49.0 above average 23 33 85 2

Bank Workers below average 53.2 0.3 0.5 average 73 34 66 4

Bar Attendants and Baristas average 77.4 11.5 17.4 high 50 24 36 2

Barristers above average 9.0 - - low 28 44 87 -

Beauty Therapists above average 26.1 4.2 19.3 above average 99 28 54 1

Binders, Finishers and Screen Printers below average 5.1 -0.2 -4.0 above average 18 44 80 1

Boat Builders and Shipwrights below average 6.1 1.3 26.0 low 0 34 90 6

Bookkeepers average 122.6 -11.7 -8.7 below average 94 45 29 5

Bricklayers and Stonemasons above average 36.7 2.6 7.8 above average 1 39 90 4

Butchers and Smallgoods Makers average 16.4 -1.9 -10.4 high 3 35 86 3

CCabinetmakers average 27.9 -3.1 -10.0 above average 2 33 93 3

Cafe Workers average 15.7 -4.2 -21.1 above average 87 26 24 2

Call or Contact Centre Workers average 36.0 5.8 19.3 high 65 30 74 4

Canvas and Leather Goods Makers below average 2.3 -1.8 -44.0 high 29 41 83 2

Car Detailers average 20.5 5.0 32.0 above average 16 39 69 1

Care Workers, Personal and Nursing Support above average 85.2 15.2 21.7 average 79 44 43 3

Care Workers, Special above average 2.6 0.7 34.9 low 78 47 72 5

Carers, Aged and Disabled above average 130.6 66.2 102.7 average 83 46 36 2

Carers, Child above average 115.7 26.0 29.0 above average 96 32 48 1

Caretakers average 5.0 0.7 17.6 below average 11 56 56 5

Carpenters and Joiners above average 122.1 6.3 5.5 average 0 31 94 5

Cartographers and Surveyors above average 17.1 7.1 71.1 below average 15 39 89 7

Checkout Operators and Offi ce Cashiers above average 147.0 24.8 20.3 high 75 20 17 1

Chefs above average 75.7 17.8 30.7 above average 25 34 83 4

Chemists, and Food and Wine Scientists average 7.7 -2.8 -26.7 below average 30 39 89 9

Chiropractors and Osteopaths above average 3.5 -0.2 -6.7 average 53 36 40 10

Cleaners, Commercial average 156.4 2.1 1.3 high 60 46 35 2

Cleaners, Domestic above average 30.4 3.7 13.8 high 79 46 22 4

Cleaners, Other below average 11.6 -5.3 -31.5 high 14 41 59 3

Clerical and Offi ce Support Workers, Other below average 8.1 -2.7 -24.8 above average 55 41 77 2

Clerks, Accounting above average 140.7 28.2 25.1 average 80 41 67 4

Clerks, Betting below average 4.4 1.0 29.8 high 72 49 26 3

Clerks, Court and Legal average 11.3 -2.3 -17.1 average 80 37 71 3

Decline Remain relatively stable Moderate Strong Very strong




Employ’t Nov 2010


to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age


2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decileClerks, Filing and Registry average 24.5 3.5 16.9 above average 75 38 58 3

Clerks, General above average 191.2 78.8 70.1 average 84 42 63 5

Clerks, Human Resource above average 14.3 5.9 70.7 below average 62 43 83 6

Clerks, Inquiry below average 58.1 -9.5 -14.0 high 69 35 73 4

Clerks, Insurance, Money Market and Statistical average 29.0 3.6 14.2 average 67 37 77 5

Clerks, Payroll average 34.9 4.1 13.1 average 85 43 68 5

Clerks, Purchasing and Supply Logistics average 84.1 -0.5 -0.6 average 43 39 86 5

Clerks, Transport and Despatch average 35.7 1.8 5.3 average 31 41 85 6

Clothing Trades Workers below average 8.2 -3.0 -26.8 average 77 52 58 2

Commissioned Offi cers (Management) average 1.2 -0.1 -8.6 low 0 43 100 10

Complementary Health Therapists above average 7.0 -0.3 -3.7 below average 74 48 35 1

Computer Network Professionals above average 24.4 4.3 21.1 below average 11 36 95 9

Concreters above average 38.2 5.6 17.0 high 1 34 84 6

Conference and Event Organisers above average 22.2 9.3 72.3 low 77 31 76 5

Contract, Program and Project Administrators above average 103.8 47.9 85.7 above average 55 42 87 8

Conveyancers and Legal Executives above average 10.5 1.2 12.4 above average 78 33 74 5

Cooks above average 36.0 1.1 3.1 high 54 37 55 2

Counsellors above average 16.9 2.0 13.5 below average 78 47 63 6

Couriers and Postal Deliverers above average 50.9 11.3 28.6 above average 16 45 78 4

Crane, Hoist and Lift Operators above average 13.9 1.5 11.8 high 1 41 97 9

Credit and Loans Offi cers average 27.4 -0.6 -2.3 below average 53 37 89 6

DDancers, Actors and Other Entertainers average 5.1 -1.1 -17.8 above average 46 30 24 1

Debt Collectors average 12.8 1.4 12.5 below average 60 36 85 4

Deck and Fishing Hands average 8.6 1.4 19.8 above average 4 38 82 7

Dental Assistants above average 20.5 1.4 7.0 below average 96 29 56 2

Dental Hygienists, Technicians and Therapists above average 5.8 0.8 16.0 below average 37 36 76 3

Dental Practitioners above average 11.2 -0.1 -1.0 low 37 46 66 10

Dietitians above average 3.8 -0.8 -17.6 low 96 29 57 4

Directors (Film, Television, Radio and Stage) average 11.8 2.5 26.8 below average 41 36 81 3

Directors, Artistic, and Media Producers & Presenters below average 13.6 4.7 53.4 below average 38 35 83 5

Diversional Therapists above average 6.8 - - low 97 54 49 2

Drillers, Miners and Shot Firers above average 43.5 15.7 56.5 below average 4 39 98 10

Drivers, Automobile above average 32.6 -1.9 -5.5 above average 6 45 69 3

Drivers, Bus and Coach above average 33.6 5.1 17.8 average 13 55 68 4

Drivers, Delivery above average 42.5 4.1 10.6 high 10 38 62 3

Drivers, Forklift average 63.5 4.7 7.9 high 3 40 92 4

Drivers, Train and Tram above average 11.1 2.2 24.2 low 8 48 95 8

Drivers, Truck above average 166.0 9.6 6.1 above average 3 46 91 6

Driving Instructors average 5.8 1.0 21.3 average 26 50 51 1

EEconomists above average 7.1 3.1 77.3 above average 27 36 84 10

Economists, Land and Valuers below average 7.8 -4.6 -37.3 low 14 42 89 10

Education Advisers and Reviewers average 10.6 -1.3 -10.8 below average 80 49 76 8

Education Aides above average 64.6 4.4 7.4 average 90 46 24 1

Electrical Distribution Trades Workers above average 11.2 4.4 65.8 low 1 41 97 8

Electricians above average 151.2 46.7 44.7 below average 1 33 94 7

Electronics Trades Workers average 40.2 3.9 10.6 above average 3 36 84 6

Engineering and Building Technicians, Other above average 23.8 13.4 127.7 average 10 42 96 10

Engineering Draftspersons and Technicians, Civil above average 13.6 4.9 56.5 average 14 37 89 9

Engineering Draftspersons and Technicians, Electrical above average 9.9 1.7 20.1 low 9 45 91 9

Engineering Draftspersons and Technicians, Electronic below average 4.7 -3.3 -41.5 low 11 47 90 5

Engineering Draftspersons and Technicians, Mechanical above average 7.7 1.8 29.6 average 5 44 90 10

Engineering Production Systems Workers below average 24.2 -7.6 -24.0 average 4 42 95 6





Employ’t Nov 2010


to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age


2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decileEngineering Professionals, Civil above average 49.8 11.9 31.4 average 13 37 90 9

Engineering Professionals, Other average 9.2 -0.1 -1.0 low 13 36 90 9

Engineering Professionals, Telecommunications above average 10.0 1.9 22.9 average 11 41 94 8

Engineers, Chemical and Materials above average 7.0 2.5 56.7 low 16 36 90 8

Engineers, Electrical above average 18.9 4.6 32.2 below average 3 37 98 10

Engineers, Electronics above average 6.4 1.0 17.6 high 0 44 87 10

Engineers, ICT Support and Test above average 7.9 - - below average 23 37 96 8

Engineers, Industrial, Mechanical and Production above average 29.5 1.1 3.8 average 3 39 92 10

Engineers, Mining above average 13.2 8.1 157.2 average 16 35 89 10

Environmental & Occupational Health Professionals above average 23.7 9.1 62.7 low 38 42 88 9

Event and Conference Organisers above average 22.2 9.3 72.3 low 77 31 76 5

FFactory Process Workers, Other below average 12.1 -0.3 -2.4 high 22 34 65 4

Factory Workers, Food and Drink average 37.6 14.2 60.8 above average 24 40 85 4

Factory Workers, Plastics and Rubber below average 3.8 -4.6 -55.3 high 26 37 89 4

Farm Workers, Crop average 28.0 -7.3 -20.6 high 28 37 68 2

Farm Workers, Livestock average 30.2 3.7 14.0 above average 36 35 60 2

Farm Workers, Mixed Crop and Livestock average 3.4 -0.7 -17.2 low 33 44 68 7

Farm, Forestry and Garden Workers, Other average 11.4 3.3 40.5 above average 5 42 87 4

Farmers, Aquaculture average 3.4 1.3 66.2 low 34 50 84 -

Farmers, Crop average 47.7 -5.4 -10.1 below average 19 51 83 3

Farmers, Livestock average 105.1 10.3 10.9 low 31 57 77 4

Farmers, Mixed Crop and Livestock average 42.2 3.9 10.2 low 23 54 84 3

Fashion, Industrial and Jewellery Designers below average 9.5 2.2 30.3 above average 60 38 81 10

Fast Food Cooks average 31.0 8.9 40.4 high 32 18 16 1

Fencers average 12.6 3.1 33.1 above average 2 39 84 1

Financial Brokers average 20.8 -1.9 -8.2 below average 26 42 92 9

Financial Dealers below average 13.2 -13.3 -50.2 below average 31 40 83 8

Financial Investment Advisers and Managers average 36.1 -2.6 -6.7 above average 30 38 89 10

Fire and Emergency Workers above average 15.0 5.0 50.3 low 3 44 97 8

Fitness Instructors above average 22.8 6.1 36.7 below average 57 33 31 7

Floor Finishers average 8.7 -2.7 -23.5 above average 1 37 87 4

Florists average 5.7 -0.4 -5.8 high 96 42 65 1

Food Trades Assistants below average 4.2 -0.5 -9.7 high 51 37 24 2

Forestry and Logging Workers below average 2.9 1.0 48.8 high 7 44 90 2

Freight and Furniture Handlers average 18.8 3.8 25.7 high 2 36 79 6

Funeral Workers above average 5.0 2.3 87.8 average 57 47 83 4

GGallery, Library and Museum Technicians average 8.5 2.3 37.6 low 88 50 41 5

Gaming Workers average 9.9 0.9 10.1 average 44 31 75 4

Gardeners above average 65.2 4.2 6.9 above average 12 37 74 3

Geologists and Geophysicists above average 7.7 -0.3 -4.2 high 15 41 91 10

Glaziers above average 9.9 3.0 44.1 above average 1 35 93 5

Graphic and Web Designers, and Illustrators above average 52.2 13.5 34.9 average 47 34 74 7

Graphic Pre-press Trades Workers below average 3.6 -2.1 -36.9 low 33 39 77 1

Greenkeepers average 16.0 2.1 14.9 above average 3 41 83 3

Guides, Gallery, Museum and Tour average 7.6 1.0 15.0 average 53 42 41 3

Guides, Outdoor Adventure above average 2.9 - - low 18 28 75 1

HHairdressers above average 55.3 1.0 1.9 average 86 30 61 1

Handypersons average 35.6 -0.5 -1.5 average 4 50 62 3

Health Diagnostic and Promotion Professionals, Other above average 7.6 3.0 63.5 average 81 41 72 9

Hotel Service Managers above average 10.6 - - above average 65 30 77 3

Housekeepers average 24.7 4.6 22.7 high 85 43 34 2

Human Resource Professionals above average 56.6 13.0 30.0 average 69 33 85 7





Employ’t Nov 2010


to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age


2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decile

IICT Business and Systems Analysts above average 26.3 3.7 16.4 below average 25 39 94 10

ICT Sales Professionals average 16.0 7.7 93.5 above average 26 37 94 7ICT Security and Database & Systems Administrators above average 32.5 3.8 13.4 below average 25 37 88 8

ICT Support and Test Engineers above average 7.9 - - below average 23 37 96 8

ICT Support Technicians above average 46.8 7.0 17.5 above average 19 33 86 6

ICT Trainers below average 2.7 -1.4 -34.6 average 55 45 59 8

Importers, Exporters and Wholesalers average 24.3 5.3 27.8 low 20 47 86 6

Indigenous Health Workers average 0.1 - - low 97 40 98 -

Industrial Spraypainters average 8.4 2.6 45.5 high 4 37 93 3Information and Organisation Professionals, Other average 18.2 7.2 65.9 average 56 35 83 8

Inspectors and Regulatory Offi cers average 35.9 9.7 36.9 average 53 41 86 6

Insulation and Home Improvement Installers average 21.6 4.2 24.1 high 2 36 87 4

Insurance Agents above average 14.2 4.0 39.7 below average 61 35 77 7

Insurance Investigators and Loss Adjusters average 5.3 -1.2 -18.9 low 23 41 90 6

Intelligence and Policy Analysts above average 15.4 0.2 1.4 low 51 40 80 9

Interior Designers above average 9.0 1.6 22.4 average 70 38 63 8

Internal Medicine Specialists above average 5.4 -0.2 -3.1 low 34 37 84 10

JJewellers average 6.4 0.2 3.8 low 35 44 63 7

Joiners and Carpenters above average 122.1 6.3 5.5 average 0 31 94 5

Journalists and Other Writers average 22.9 2.7 13.5 average 47 37 73 7

KKeyboard Operators below average 79.8 -11.7 -12.8 above average 84 40 58 3

Kitchenhands average 116.0 21.1 22.2 high 58 25 23 2

LLabourers, Building and Plumbing above average 56.4 7.4 15.1 high 1 32 82 5

Labourers, Garden and Nursery average 43.4 8.0 22.5 high 13 42 68 2

Labourers, Other Construction and Mining above average 7.7 0.1 1.9 high 2 30 91 7

Labourers, Paving and Surfacing average 9.3 1.8 23.6 high 0 40 95 4

Landscape Architects and Architects above average 23.1 1.6 7.4 below average 23 39 84 9

Laundry Workers average 19.6 3.1 18.9 average 74 49 52 1

Leather and Canvas Goods Makers below average 2.3 -1.8 -44.0 high 29 41 83 2

Legal Executives and Conveyancers above average 10.5 1.2 12.4 above average 78 33 74 5

Librarians average 14.7 1.2 9.2 low 81 50 69 8

Library Assistants below average 5.7 -3.5 -38.1 high 89 48 32 2

MMachine Operators, Clay Concrete, Glass & Stone below average 2.5 -2.2 -47.6 below average 0 42 96 3

Machine Operators, Other below average 13.2 1.4 11.6 above average 29 36 69 4

Machine Operators, Paper and Wood Processing below average 8.2 0.5 6.6 average 8 43 95 - Machine Operators, Plastics and Rubber Production below average 10.2 -1.3 -11.4 high 9 41 94 5

Machine Operators, Textile and Footwear Production below average 2.1 -3.1 -59.9 high 29 42 92 3

Mail Sorters below average 16.4 1.7 11.3 high 51 45 63 3

Management and Organisation Analysts above average 48.1 9.2 23.6 average 40 40 84 10

Managers, Advertising and Sales above average 119.2 -7.9 -6.2 below average 31 41 93 9

Managers, Amusement, Fitness and Sports Centre average 11.5 2.7 30.7 below average 36 40 84 4

Managers, Cafe and Restaurant average 65.3 12.4 23.4 above average 53 42 79 3

Managers, Call, Contact Centre and Customer Service below average 35.4 -0.2 -0.6 below average 42 40 92 5

Managers, Caravan Park and Camping Ground below average 3.0 -1.7 -35.8 high 38 55 90 1

Managers, Child Care Centre above average 7.9 0.8 10.7 above average 91 38 75 6

Managers, Construction above average 82.0 33.0 67.2 below average 4 43 95 9

Managers, Corporate Services average 6.1 -3.3 -35.2 low 63 47 80 7

Managers, Engineering above average 15.5 2.7 20.9 below average 7 43 97 10

Managers, Finance average 46.1 2.3 5.2 below average 40 44 89 10

Managers, General average 42.1 2.0 5.0 below average 25 45 91 9





Employ’t Nov 2010


to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age


2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decileManagers, Health and Welfare Services above average 18.4 5.3 40.7 low 73 50 91 8

Managers, Human Resource above average 44.6 8.5 23.7 below average 53 43 90 10

Managers, ICT above average 41.9 -0.1 -0.3 below average 21 41 94 10

Managers, Licensed Club below average 6.7 1.0 16.7 below average 40 40 91 5

Managers, Nursing above average 14.7 - - low 84 49 81 10

Managers, Offi ce average 134.5 -2.6 -1.9 below average 81 44 67 5

Managers, Other Accommodation and Hospitality below average 6.4 -1.3 -17.1 low 53 56 62 7

Managers, Other Education average 7.5 -3.5 -31.6 below average 59 52 87 9

Managers, Other Hospitality, Retail and Service above average 68.0 20.5 43.3 low 29 44 88 8

Managers, Other Specialist average 38.7 6.5 20.1 average 33 45 89 10

Managers, Policy and Planning above average 24.5 7.9 47.7 low 50 47 87 10

Managers, Production average 59.3 10.5 21.5 below average 14 44 94 9

Managers, Research and Development average 12.3 1.4 12.4 low 46 42 87 10

Managers, Retail average 238.6 40.7 20.6 average 46 40 85 4

Managers, Supply and Distribution below average 26.8 1.6 6.2 low 17 43 96 9

Managers, Transport Services above average 22.1 3.8 21.0 low 14 48 91 6

Managers,. Hotel and Motel average 20.1 -2.2 -9.8 below average 39 41 89 7

Managers, Practice above average 13.0 1.8 16.3 above average 92 46 57 9

Managing Directors and Chief Executives above average 60.0 14.3 31.1 below average 17 51 90 10

Manufacturers below average 25.0 -0.4 -1.6 below average 13 45 88 4

Marine Transport Professionals above average 7.7 1.0 15.2 low 4 44 92 10

Massage Therapists above average 15.6 5.7 57.6 below average 71 42 24 1

Mathematicians, Statisticians and Actuaries above average 4.9 -2.4 -33.3 low 37 36 89 10

Meat Boners and Slicers, and Slaughterers below average 15.2 2.9 23.6 above average 9 32 93 5Media Producers & Presenters, and Artistic Directors below average 13.6 4.7 53.4 below average 38 35 83 5

Medical Imaging Professionals above average 13.4 1.1 9.0 low 66 36 81 8

Medical Practitioners, General above average 49.0 10.8 28.3 low 45 42 81 10

Medical Practitioners, Other above average 12.2 3.6 42.0 low 35 43 78 10

Medical Technicians above average 28.0 10.2 57.7 below average 83 41 53 4

Metal Casting, Forging & Finishing Trades below average 1.8 -1.4 -44.2 high 0 41 73 5

Metal Fitters and Machinists average 105.0 1.6 1.5 average 1 38 97 7

Metal Trades Workers, Precision average 9.6 3.7 62.3 average 4 40 87 6

Midwives above average 12.9 -0.9 -6.4 low 100 46 37 8

Miners, Drillers and Shot Firers above average 43.5 15.7 56.5 below average 4 39 98 10

Ministers of Religion average 15.0 1.9 14.7 low 29 48 75 2

Models and Sales Demonstrators below average 9.9 -0.3 -2.8 low 89 45 22 3

Motor Mechanics above average 98.0 4.4 4.7 below average 1 36 92 3

Motor Vehicle Parts and Accessories Fitters average 19.5 7.2 57.8 below average 0 30 93 3

Multimedia Specialists and Web Developers above average 10.8 - - below average 18 30 87 6

Music Professionals below average 6.5 -7.0 -51.6 above average 27 37 37 1

NNurse Educators and Researchers above average 6.4 2.7 73.4 below average 97 44 45 2

Nurse Managers above average 14.7 - - low 84 49 81 10

Nurse, Enrolled and Mothercraft above average 31.3 -2.5 -7.3 low 90 46 47 5

Nurserypersons below average 2.8 -3.9 -58.3 high 29 47 74 2

Nurses, Registered above average 214.0 37.7 21.4 low 91 44 55 7

Nursing Support and Personal Care Workers above average 85.2 15.2 21.7 average 79 44 43 3

OOccupational & Environmental Health Professionals above average 23.7 9.1 62.7 low 38 42 88 9

Occupational Therapists above average 10.2 3.2 45.7 low 89 33 59 6

Optometrists and Orthoptists above average 3.3 0.4 12.6 above average 60 38 54 5

Osteopaths and Chiropractors above average 3.5 -0.2 -6.7 average 53 36 40 10

PPackers below average 62.3 -14.8 -19.2 high 57 38 64 3

Painting Trades Workers average 43.7 -1.0 -2.2 above average 5 41 86 7

Panelbeaters above average 15.3 -1.7 -10.1 above average 1 35 90 5

Paramedics and Ambulance Offi cers above average 13.3 2.8 27.2 average 27 40 93 8





Employ’t Nov 2010


to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age


2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decilePastrycooks and Bakers above average 34.2 11.3 49.0 above average 23 33 85 2

Performing Arts Technicians below average 11.2 -1.3 -10.4 above average 21 35 74 7

Personal Assistants below average 52.7 -17.7 -25.1 below average 98 40 81 5

Personal Care Consultants average 4.3 0.1 1.4 low 75 49 19 1

Personal Service Workers, Other average 10.4 3.7 55.9 above average 71 45 44 4

Pharmacists above average 20.5 5.7 38.1 below average 57 37 69 9

Photographers average 10.9 2.8 35.4 high 29 42 69 1

Photographic Developers and Printers below average 1.6 -2.5 -61.3 high 81 38 37 1

Physiotherapists above average 22.9 7.5 48.4 low 61 40 74 8

Planners, Urban and Regional average 11.5 0.3 2.9 low 38 41 87 9Plant Operators, Chemical, Gas, Petroleum and Power average 7.8 -1.5 -15.7 average 0 46 98 10

Plant Operators, Earthmoving above average 56.2 11.3 25.1 above average 2 43 95 7

Plant Operators, Other Mobile above average 11.5 2.3 25.3 above average 5 38 86 6

Plant Operators, Other Stationary above average 21.6 2.5 12.8 below average 8 45 94 8

Plasterers above average 38.2 8.0 26.4 above average 1 35 91 7

Plumbers above average 92.2 22.5 32.3 average 0 34 93 6

Podiatrists above average 2.1 -0.1 -3.0 low 60 32 84 -

Police average 60.3 7.2 13.5 low 21 37 96 8

Policy and Intelligence Analysts above average 15.4 0.2 1.4 low 51 40 80 9

Postal Deliverers and Couriers above average 50.9 11.3 28.6 above average 16 45 78 4

Primary Products Inspectors below average 4.4 0.5 13.1 low 36 42 74 9

Printers below average 16.9 3.0 21.8 average 15 40 91 4

Printers and Photographic Developers below average 1.6 -2.5 -61.3 high 81 38 37 1

Printing Assistants and Table Workers below average 7.0 -1.3 -15.6 high 30 42 69 2

Prison Offi cers average 12.8 1.3 11.2 low 21 41 94 7

Process Workers, Meat, Poultry and Seafood below average 15.1 0.6 4.0 high 25 36 91 3

Process Workers, Metal Engineering below average 14.2 -4.7 -24.9 high 4 41 92 4

Process Workers, Timber and Wood below average 6.9 -3.4 -32.9 high 8 32 85 2

Product Assemblers below average 34.1 -14.7 -30.1 high 27 40 87 3

Product Quality Controllers below average 18.7 2.8 17.5 high 39 43 84 5

Psychiatrists above average 1.9 -0.4 -16.4 low 66 45 65 -

Psychologists above average 23.3 10.1 77.0 low 75 45 59 7

Public Relations Professionals above average 21.6 2.0 10.0 below average 62 36 78 9

RRailway Track Workers above average 8.2 - - average 3 45 98 -

Real Estate Sales Agents above average 92.6 27.1 41.4 below average 46 42 84 4

Receptionists average 183.6 8.8 5.0 above average 95 40 51 2

Recycling and Rubbish Collectors average 2.2 -2.1 -49.4 below average 15 40 63 3

Retail and Wool Buyers average 9.5 1.9 25.2 low 41 34 93 5

Retail Supervisors above average 40.4 10.3 34.2 average 57 32 75 3

SSafety Inspectors below average 2.8 -2.6 -47.9 high 4 52 85 7

Sales Assistants, (General) above average 527.8 16.0 3.1 high 70 24 28 2

Sales Assistants and Salespersons, Other above average 17.7 - - above average 49 36 52 4

Sales Assistants, ICT above average 20.1 3.8 23.2 above average 32 27 69 5

Sales Assistants, Pharmacy above average 36.4 3.2 9.5 above average 91 26 31 1

Sales Professionals, ICT average 16.0 7.7 93.5 above average 26 37 94 7

Sales Representatives above average 105.4 1.7 1.6 above average 38 39 87 6

Sales Representatives, Technical above average 34.6 14.3 70.2 average 29 41 93 8

Sales Support Workers, Other average 4.3 - - low 32 34 67 1

Salespersons, Motor Vehicle and Vehicle Parts average 35.1 3.1 9.7 average 16 36 91 5

Salespersons, Street Vendors and Related below average 11.8 -2.2 -15.8 high 50 45 47 2

Salespersons, Ticket average 14.9 -2.0 -12.1 average 68 31 58 5

School Principals average 17.8 -4.3 -19.7 low 59 52 99 10

Science Professionals, Other Natural and Physical above average 10.0 4.6 85.1 below average 18 38 87 9

Science Technicians below average 13.5 -5.4 -28.4 below average 47 39 77 6

Scientists, Agricultural and Forestry average 6.0 -1.6 -20.9 average 30 42 83 6

Scientists, Environmental above average 22.3 6.6 42.0 low 40 37 87 8





Employ’t Nov 2010


to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age


2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decileScientists, Food and Wine, and Chemists average 7.7 -2.8 -26.7 below average 30 39 89 9

Scientists, Life above average 10.0 3.2 48.0 low 52 37 78 6

Scientists, Medical Laboratory above average 21.2 4.7 28.6 low 67 38 81 8

Screen Printers and Binders & Finishers below average 5.1 -0.2 -4.0 above average 18 44 80 1

Secretaries below average 68.5 -49.5 -42.0 average 98 45 46 4

Security Offi cers and Guards average 52.5 2.4 4.9 high 19 41 74 6

Service Station Attendants average 9.8 -0.8 -7.3 high 41 29 35 2

Sewing Machinists below average 13.8 -0.9 -5.9 average 88 51 67 1

Shearers average 4.2 -2.1 -32.9 low 0 40 94 6

Sheetmetal Trades Workers above average 11.0 3.5 47.0 above average 2 36 98 5

Shelf Fillers average 70.8 -3.7 -5.0 high 42 22 23 2

Signwriters below average 5.4 -1.6 -22.5 high 11 41 88 2

Social Professionals above average 12.8 2.9 28.7 above average 74 48 52 8

Social Workers above average 21.5 8.6 67.0 below average 82 42 69 8

Software and Applications Programmers above average 70.0 -6.8 -8.8 average 16 37 93 9

Solicitors above average 63.0 22.4 55.2 below average 49 38 88 10

Speech Professionals and Audiologists above average 8.3 3.9 89.3 below average 94 34 61 8

Sports Coaches, Instructors and Offi cials average 27.5 -0.5 -1.7 above average 46 25 27 3

Sportspersons average 9.5 1.2 14.7 above average 27 23 59 1

Stonemasons and Bricklayers above average 36.7 2.6 7.8 above average 1 39 90 4

Storepersons above average 106.0 18.4 21.0 high 18 38 79 3

Structural Steel and Welding Trades Workers above average 82.8 13.2 18.9 above average 1 36 95 5

Structural Steel Construction Workers above average 16.1 -1.1 -6.3 high 1 34 92 7

Surgeons above average 6.1 1.5 32.0 low 16 41 83 10

Survey Interviewers above average 4.5 1.4 46.1 high 70 28 29 1

Surveyors and Cartographers above average 17.1 7.1 71.1 below average 15 39 89 7

Switchboard Operators below average 5.3 -3.6 -40.4 high 84 48 56 2

TTeachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages above average 6.2 0.0 0.4 above average 68 45 41 9

Teachers, Early Childhood (Pre-primary School) above average 23.0 5.1 28.2 below average 99 38 55 7

Teachers, Middle School above average 1.7 - - low 61 43 81 -

Teachers, Primary School above average 153.4 12.7 9.1 low 84 41 68 8

Teachers, Secondary School above average 156.1 13.3 9.3 below average 62 44 82 8

Teachers, Special Education above average 15.8 2.7 20.2 above average 86 48 53 8

Teachers, Vocational Education above average 36.9 4.4 13.7 below average 54 48 62 8

Technicians and Draftspersons, Civil Engineering above average 13.6 4.9 56.5 average 14 37 89 9Technicians and Draftspersons, Electrical Engineering above average 9.9 1.7 20.1 low 9 45 91 9

Technicians and Draftspersons, Electronic Engineering below average 4.7 -3.3 -41.5 low 11 47 90 5

Technicians and Draftspersons, Mechanical Engineering above average 7.7 1.8 29.6 average 5 44 90 10

Technicians, Agricultural average 1.3 -1.2 -48.2 low 33 47 92 4

Technicians, Architectural, Building and Surveying above average 61.2 3.0 5.2 average 10 41 92 9

Technicians, Gallery, Library and Museum average 8.5 2.3 37.6 low 88 50 41 5

Technicians, ICT Support above average 46.8 7.0 17.5 above average 19 33 86 6

Technicians, Medical above average 28.0 10.2 57.7 below average 83 41 53 4

Technicians, Other Building and Engineering above average 23.8 13.4 127.7 average 10 42 96 10

Technicians, Science below average 13.5 -5.4 -28.4 below average 47 39 77 6

Telecommunications Technical Specialists above average 4.1 0.7 21.6 low 19 46 98 9

Telecommunications Trades Workers average 22.3 -2.5 -10.1 above average 5 41 90 6

Telemarketers below average 10.5 -6.3 -37.6 high 63 27 49 3

Tilers, Roof average 7.6 -2.7 -26.3 below average 0 34 95 3

Tilers, Wall and Floor above average 21.0 4.3 25.4 high 1 35 84 -

Toolmakers and Engineering Patternmakers below average 5.5 -2.2 -28.7 average 0 44 91 -

Tourism and Travel Advisers average 25.3 5.1 25.3 average 78 34 82 3

Trainers, ICT below average 2.7 -1.4 -34.6 average 55 45 59 8

Training and Development Professionals above average 27.5 5.7 26.3 low 65 42 79 8

Transport Professionals, Air above average 14.3 3.3 29.6 low 2 41 76 9





Employ’t Nov 2010


to Nov 2010

Unemp 2010

Gender Females

Median Age


2010

Median Earnings

2009

Future Employment

Change

‘000 ‘000 % % years % decileTransport Professionals, Marine above average 7.7 1.0 15.2 low 4 44 92 10

Travel Attendants average 12.9 2.9 29.4 average 78 35 65 7

Tutors and Teachers, Private above average 34.6 9.5 37.7 below average 69 40 23 9

UUniversity Lecturers and Tutors above average 51.8 8.7 20.2 above average 48 48 68 9

Upholsterers below average 2.9 -0.5 -14.2 above average 14 47 72 3

VValuers and Land Economists below average 7.8 -4.6 -37.3 low 14 42 89 10

Vehicle Body Builders and Trimmers average 4.1 -1.5 -26.5 low 2 37 91 1

Vehicle Painters average 11.4 1.1 10.8 below average 5 35 96 4

Vending Machine Attendants below average 4.9 -0.5 -9.3 low 70 35 43 5

Veterinarians above average 9.3 2.9 45.5 low 42 37 81 7

Veterinary Nurses average 5.9 -0.3 -4.5 low 92 30 44 2

Visual Arts and Crafts Professionals below average 8.5 -1.9 -17.9 above average 60 52 47 1

Visual Merchandisers average 7.4 2.2 40.9 above average 93 38 33 3

WWaiters above average 122.0 21.9 21.8 high 77 21 23 2

Web Developers and Multimedia Specialists above average 10.8 - - below average 18 30 87 6

Welding Trades and Structural Steel Workers above average 82.8 13.2 18.9 above average 1 36 95 5

Welfare Support Workers above average 53.3 12.5 30.6 average 73 45 69 4 Welfare, Recreation and Community Arts Workers above average 20.7 3.4 19.7 above average 79 45 77 6

Wood Machinists and Other Wood Trades Workers below average 6.9 -1.2 -15.0 high 13 45 79 2


AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2011 DATA SOURCESData in Australian Jobs 2011 are based on the following sources.

Australian Bureau of StatisticsABS Labour Force, Australia (Cat. no. 6202.0)•

Labour Force, Australia, Detailed - Electronic Delivery • (Cat. no. 6291.0.55.001)

Labour Force, Australia, Detailed, Quarterly (Cat. no. 6291.0.55.003) •

For many small occupations, standard errors are large relative to the size of the employment estimates. Although trend data are used for employment estimates, employment growth trends are variable for small occupations and should be used with caution.

For consistency, throughout the publication, employment data at the national and state level have been presented in trend terms. However, employment data at the regional level are in original, 12 month or 4 quarter average terms.

The terms ‘regional’, ‘non-metropolitan’ and ‘outside the state capital cities’ have been used interchangeably throughout the publication. This is comprised of the Balance of New South Wales, the Balance of Victoria, the Balance of Queensland, the Balance of South Australia, the Balance of Western Australia, the Balance of Tasmania, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory. Boundaries are based on the 2006 Australian Standard Geographic Classifi cation (ASGC) (Cat. no. 1216.0). In simple terms, in this publication, all of the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory as well as any other area outside the state capital cities is considered to be a regional area.

ABS Census of Population and Housing, 2006•

ABS Education and Work (Cat. no. 6227.0)•

Educational attainment data from the 2010 Survey of Education and Work is only available at the state and national level. For regional areas, data from the 2006 Census are the only available source of data on educational

attainment. Accordingly, readers should not directly compare data at the state level to data at the regional level. Educational attainment data refer only to persons aged 15-64.

ABS Employee Earnings, Benefi ts and Trade Union Membership • (Cat. no. 6310.0)

ABS Education and Training Experience, 2009 (Cat. no 6278.0)•

Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations

Employment projections based on actual employment trends, economic • trends and prospects, economic models, including Access Economics and the Centre of Policy Studies at Monash University, and current and prospective industry developments.

DEEWR Higher Education Statistics•

Graduate Careers AustraliaGradStats, various issues •

Grad Careers & Dollars•

National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER)

Student Outcomes•

Apprentices and Trainees Collection•

Miscellaneous statistics from the NCVER website•

ISSN 1832-7230

Dewr 6760 Aust Jobs2011 7.0 Fixed After Proof.Indd

Documents

Transcript of Dewr 6760 Aust Jobs2011 7.0 Fixed After Proof.Indd