Development of Trade Development of Trade Union Policies and Union Policies and Strategies forStrategies forOSH/E and HIV/AIDSOSH/E and HIV/AIDSHiro Ishibashi

Specialist on Worker’s ActivitiesILO SRO Manila ACTRAV-Turin Course A3-00605July 19, 2006: ITCILO

OutlineOutline1.1. Quick overview of the Quick overview of the

ILO/ACTRAV in Asia and the ILO/ACTRAV in Asia and the Pacific Region;Pacific Region;

2.2. International and Regional International and Regional Commitments to Decent Work:Commitments to Decent Work:Opportunity for Trade UnionsOpportunity for Trade Unions

3.3. Decent Work Country Program Decent Work Country Program and Priority Outcomesand Priority Outcomes

4.4. Developing your own strategyDeveloping your own strategy

1. Quick Overview of the ILO/ACTRAV in Asia and the Pacific Region

What does the ILO do?What does the ILO do?Adopts and supervises Adopts and supervises international labour standardsinternational labour standardsProvides technical assistanceProvides technical assistance(to help states adopt/implement ILSs)(to help states adopt/implement ILSs)

Promote development of independent Promote development of independent employers’ and workers’ organizationemployers’ and workers’ organizationFosters social dialogue on labour and Fosters social dialogue on labour and employment issues among constituenciesemployment issues among constituencies

Key PointsKey PointsILO is not an organization for workers.ILO is not an organization for workers.

ILO is not a police.ILO is not a police.

It is you who can influence ILO, not us.It is you who can influence ILO, not us.

It is you who initiate an action, not us.It is you who initiate an action, not us.

ILO is not a funding org, but an advocacy org.ILO is not a funding org, but an advocacy org.

ILO Regional Structure ILO Regional Structure for APfor AP

ILO Regional Office for Asia and ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Region (Bangkok)the Pacific Region (Bangkok)

SubregionaSubregional Office for l Office for East Asia East Asia (Bangkok)(Bangkok)

Subregional Subregional Office for Office for South Asia South Asia (New Delhi)(New Delhi)

Subregional Subregional Office for Office for Southeast Asia Southeast Asia and the Pacific and the Pacific (Manila)(Manila)

MongoliaChina (+HK&M)ThailandVietnamCambodiaLaosMalaysiaBurma (Myanmar)S. KoreaSingapore

IndiaBangladeshNepalPakistanSri LankaAfghanistanBhutanIran

PhilippinesIndonesiaTimor LesteFijiPapua New GuineaSamoaSolomon IslandKiribatiVanuatuAustraliaNew Zealand

Subregional StructureSubregional Structure

Subregional Subregional Office for Office for Southeast Asia Southeast Asia and the Pacific and the Pacific (Manila)(Manila)

FijiPapua New GuineaSamoaSolomon IslandKiribatiVanuatu

Area OfficeArea Officein Jakartain Jakarta

Area OfficeArea Officein Suvain Suva

IndonesiaTimor Leste

Philippines

AustraliaNew Zealand

Technical Specialists:

•Int’l Labour Standards

•Employment•Social Security•Industrial

Relations•Employers’

Activities•Workers’

Activities

ConstituenciesConstituencies(Governments, Employers’ and Workers’ Organizations)(Governments, Employers’ and Workers’ Organizations)

ACTRAV Structure for ACTRAV Structure for A/PA/P

ILO SRO BangkokILO SRO BangkokSis. Elsa RamosSis. Elsa RamosSenior Specialist on Senior Specialist on Workers’ ActivitiesWorkers’ Activitiesramose@ilo.org ramose@ilo.org

ILO SRO New DelhiILO SRO New DelhiBro. Ahn Pong-SulBro. Ahn Pong-SulSenior Specialist on Senior Specialist on Workers’ ActivitiesWorkers’ Activitiesahn@ilo.org ahn@ilo.org

ILO SRO ManilaILO SRO ManilaBro. Hiro IshibashiBro. Hiro IshibashiSenior Specialist on Senior Specialist on Workers’ ActivitiesWorkers’ Activitiesishibashi@ilo.org ishibashi@ilo.org

ILO Head Office in GenevaILO Head Office in GenevaBro. RaghwanBro. Raghwan

Desk Office for Asia/PacificDesk Office for Asia/Pacificraghwan@ilo.org raghwan@ilo.org

ILO RO BangkokILO RO BangkokSis. Christine NathanSis. Christine NathanRegional Specialist for Regional Specialist for Workers’ EducationWorkers’ Educationnathan@ilo.org nathan@ilo.org

ILO Turin CenterILO Turin CenterBro. Arun KumarBro. Arun KumarProgramme Officer for Programme Officer for Asia and the Pacific Asia and the Pacific kumar@itcilo.org kumar@itcilo.org

2. The International and Regional Commitments toDecent Work

Realization of Decent Realization of Decent WorkWork

Fundamental principles and rights Fundamental principles and rights at work and labour standardsat work and labour standards

Better opportunities for women and men to Better opportunities for women and men to secure decent employment and incomesecure decent employment and income

Social protection for allSocial protection for all(social securities, OSH/E, HIV/AIDS)(social securities, OSH/E, HIV/AIDS)

Strengthening social dialogueStrengthening social dialogue(national, regional and global levels)(national, regional and global levels)

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Decent Work is a Global Decent Work is a Global GoalGoal

““To make the goals of full and To make the goals of full and productive employment and productive employment and decent work for all a central decent work for all a central objective of national and objective of national and international macroeconomic international macroeconomic policies as well as poverty policies as well as poverty reduction strategies”reduction strategies”

Para. 47 : 2005 UN Summit Outcome Para. 47 : 2005 UN Summit Outcome DocumentDocument

ILO Conventions on OSHILO Conventions on OSHGeneral Provisions:Occupational Safety and Health Convention (No. 155)Occupational Health Services Convention (No. 161)

Protection against specific risks:Radiation Protection Convention (No. 115) Occupational Cancer Convention (No. 139) Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention (No. 148) Asbestos Convention (No. 162) Chemicals Convention (No. 170) Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents Convention (No. 174)

Protection in specific branches of activity:Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention (No. 120) Safety and Health in Construction Convention (No. 167) Safety and Health in Mines Convention (No. 176) Safety and Health in Agriculture Convention (No. 184)

Ratification StatusRatification StatusC. C.

155155C. C.

161161C. C.

115115C. C.

139139C. C.

148148C. C.

162162C. C.

170170C. 74C. 74 C. C.

120120C. C.

167167C. C.

176176C. C.

184184

BangladeBangladeshsh

CambodiaCambodiaChinaChina XX

China-HKChina-HK

FijiFijiIndiaIndia XX

IndonesiaIndonesia XXKorea, Korea, Rep.Rep. XX

LaoLao

MalaysiaMalaysia

MongoliaMongolia XXNepalNepal

PakistanPakistan

PhilippinePhilippiness XX

Sri LankaSri Lanka XXThailandThailand

Viet NamViet Nam XX XX

““Realizing Decent Work in Asia”Realizing Decent Work in Asia”

The main theme of the The main theme of the 14th Asian Regional 14th Asian Regional Meeting of the ILOMeeting of the ILO

(Busan, 29 Aug. - 1 Sept. (Busan, 29 Aug. - 1 Sept. 2006)2006)

Decent Work must beDecent Work must bean Asian Goal too!an Asian Goal too!

To Make D.W. a Reality To Make D.W. a Reality in A/Pin A/P

Productivity, Growth & Competitiveness

Youth Employment

Management of labour migration

Good governance

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2

3

4

Five Key Areas of Work

Social protection for all5

1. Productivity, Growth & 1. Productivity, Growth & CompetitivenessCompetitiveness

KEY QUESTIONS: KEY QUESTIONS: How to promote productivity growth and How to promote productivity growth and

competitiveness without sacrificing jobs (and competitiveness without sacrificing jobs (and vice versa);vice versa);

How to ensure fairer distribution of the How to ensure fairer distribution of the productivity gains among the social partners.productivity gains among the social partners.

KEY ACTIONS:KEY ACTIONS: Focused investment in dynamic growing Focused investment in dynamic growing

sectors (e.g. service sector) and in the sectors sectors (e.g. service sector) and in the sectors where labour is dominant (e.g. agriculture);where labour is dominant (e.g. agriculture);

Creating the enabling environment for Creating the enabling environment for enterprise development in the formal economyenterprise development in the formal economy

Enhancing trainability and employability of Enhancing trainability and employability of workersworkers

2. Youth Employment2. Youth Employment

KEY QUESTIONS:KEY QUESTIONS: How to ensure smooth and successful transition How to ensure smooth and successful transition

from school to decent employment with decent from school to decent employment with decent income;income;

How to provide appropriate and sufficient How to provide appropriate and sufficient social protection at key stages in life-cycle by social protection at key stages in life-cycle by adopting a “life-cycle perspective”.adopting a “life-cycle perspective”.

KEY ACTIONS:KEY ACTIONS: Reforming education and training systems for Reforming education and training systems for

young people in a way to reduce skill young people in a way to reduce skill mismatches and increase employability;mismatches and increase employability;

Increasing labour demand for young people; Increasing labour demand for young people; andand

Promoting entrepreneurship for young people.Promoting entrepreneurship for young people.

3. Management ofLabour Migration

KEY QUESTIONS:KEY QUESTIONS: How to ensure a “win-win-win” situation How to ensure a “win-win-win” situation

among sending countries, receiving among sending countries, receiving countries and migrant workers.countries and migrant workers.

KEY ACTIONS:KEY ACTIONS: Develop a non-binding, rights-based Develop a non-binding, rights-based

“regional framework” with:“regional framework” with: Realistic long-term assessment system of labour Realistic long-term assessment system of labour

supply and demand in different countries;supply and demand in different countries; A system of mutual recognition of skills A system of mutual recognition of skills

qualifications and competency standards.qualifications and competency standards. Ratify Convention 97 and 143Ratify Convention 97 and 143

4. Labour Market Governance

KEY QUESTIONS:KEY QUESTIONS: How to realize “Decent Work” in the context How to realize “Decent Work” in the context

of global production systems, competition and of global production systems, competition and changing patterns of employment relations; changing patterns of employment relations; andand

How to achieve an ideal balance between How to achieve an ideal balance between security, stability and flexibility.security, stability and flexibility.

KEY ACTIONS:KEY ACTIONS: Reform labour laws (in conformity with ILSs) Reform labour laws (in conformity with ILSs)

and labour market governance institutions and labour market governance institutions with full involvement of social partners;with full involvement of social partners;

Reform labour administration and expand Reform labour administration and expand coverage to the most vulnerable workerscoverage to the most vulnerable workers

5. Social Protection for All

KEY QUESTIONS:KEY QUESTIONS: How to extend the social protection coverage to How to extend the social protection coverage to

the uncovered workers, especially in the informal the uncovered workers, especially in the informal economy, rural agriculture and migration. economy, rural agriculture and migration.

KEY ACTIONS:KEY ACTIONS: Extend the coverage of national schemes to the Extend the coverage of national schemes to the

informal economy supplemented by voluntary informal economy supplemented by voluntary community-based and micro insurance schemes community-based and micro insurance schemes and other mechanisms;and other mechanisms;

Strengthen national capacity to ensure sound Strengthen national capacity to ensure sound financial management, good governance and financial management, good governance and adequate institutional approach; andadequate institutional approach; and

Design and test new approaches and tools to Design and test new approaches and tools to reduce poverty based on “comprehensive reduce poverty based on “comprehensive responses”responses”

Tripartism is the KEYTripartism is the KEYfor our Successfor our Success

Realizing Decent Work in Realizing Decent Work in AsiaAsia

The main targets of the ILO’sDecent Work Country

Programmes

Poverty reduction through a rights based approach to developmentInstitutionalize real tripartism and partnerships with development actorsFacilitate C.B. to address productivity, job growth, job protectionStronger employers’ and workers’ organizationsNo freedom of association, no decent work

3. Decent Work 3. Decent Work Country Program Country Program and Priority and Priority Outcomes:Outcomes:How the ILO works at a How the ILO works at a national levelnational level

What is DWCP?Framework for delivery of ILO Framework for delivery of ILO

services to our constituencies;services to our constituencies;““Results-Based Management”;Results-Based Management”;Dialogue about “priorities” at Dialogue about “priorities” at

the national level;the national level;Opportunity for constituencies Opportunity for constituencies

to influence how the ILO to influence how the ILO works.works.

How does DWCP work?

Member states (through tripartite Member states (through tripartite consultations) set specific “Decent consultations) set specific “Decent Work Objectives/Priorities” (just 2-3 Work Objectives/Priorities” (just 2-3 priorities) to be achieved in 2006-2007priorities) to be achieved in 2006-2007

ILO supports the member states to achieve the objectives/priorities

Country’s Own Objectives and ILO’s Objectives

Country’s OwnCountry’s OwnObjectivesObjectives

ILO’s ObjectivesILO’s Objectives

DWCP

Possible Problem

OSH and/or HIV/AIDS are not OSH and/or HIV/AIDS are not listed as priority issue in the listed as priority issue in the DWCP for your countryDWCP for your country

If OSH & HIV/AIDS are really a If OSH & HIV/AIDS are really a top priority for workers and for top priority for workers and for trade unions, you need to make trade unions, you need to make sure that they are included in sure that they are included in DWCP.DWCP.

4. Developing your own strategy

What do you need (want)What do you need (want)to accomplish to accomplish

ultimately?ultimately?Eradication of occupational Eradication of occupational injuries, death and diseasesinjuries, death and diseases

How can you achieve the How can you achieve the target? What to do???target? What to do???

What are the Necessary What are the Necessary Condition Condition for your Success?for your Success?

Strong national political will, commitment, Strong national political will, commitment, policy and budget allocationpolicy and budget allocation

Sufficient legal protection Sufficient legal protection covering all types of workerscovering all types of workersExistence of free, democratic, Existence of free, democratic, representative and competent trade unionsrepresentative and competent trade unions

Awareness of all citizens on OSH & Awareness of all citizens on OSH & HIV/AIDS issues and their participationHIV/AIDS issues and their participation

Strong Political Will, Strong Political Will, Commitment, Policy and Commitment, Policy and

BudgetBudget Strength:Strength:

National tripartite OSH committee;National tripartite OSH committee; Public OSH Center/Institution;Public OSH Center/Institution; OSH could always be an entry point OSH could always be an entry point

for bipartite/tripartite social dialogue.for bipartite/tripartite social dialogue. WeaknessWeakness

Capacity of trade unions on OSHCapacity of trade unions on OSH Lack of specialized OSH officers Lack of specialized OSH officers

availableavailableat all levelsat all levels

Legal ProtectionLegal Protection

StrengthStrength ILO Standards (Conventions and ILO Standards (Conventions and

Recommendations) on OSH;Recommendations) on OSH; Other international instruments Other international instruments

promoting OSH.promoting OSH. WeaknessWeakness

Weak national legislation;Weak national legislation; Low ratification of ILO Conventions;Low ratification of ILO Conventions; Unions have little knowledge on Unions have little knowledge on

int’l guidelines (?)int’l guidelines (?)

Existence of Trade Unions Existence of Trade Unions with Competencywith Competency

Strength:Strength: Corelationship between the presence of Corelationship between the presence of

unions and high OSH standards;unions and high OSH standards; Unions can be a good partner for Unions can be a good partner for

managers.managers. WeaknessWeakness

FOA is weak in Asia/Pacific, hence unions FOA is weak in Asia/Pacific, hence unions are weak;are weak;

Union leaders are often weak in Union leaders are often weak in understanding and technical OSH issues.understanding and technical OSH issues.

Public/Mass Awareness on Public/Mass Awareness on OSHOSH

Strength:Strength: OSH issues are relatively easy to OSH issues are relatively easy to

attract people’s attention;attract people’s attention; Media can support OSH initiatives.Media can support OSH initiatives.

WeaknessWeakness Difficulty in reaching the workers & Difficulty in reaching the workers &

families in the socially excluded families in the socially excluded areas/groups;areas/groups;

Using media is often expensive.Using media is often expensive.

Your Workplan

The Key Points Analysis of the current OSH Analysis of the current OSH

and/or HIV/AIDS situations;and/or HIV/AIDS situations; Clear long- & short-term Clear long- & short-term

objectives and outcomes to be objectives and outcomes to be achieved (specific changes);achieved (specific changes);

Strategies to achieve the Strategies to achieve the target;target;

Realistic budget.Realistic budget.

Good Luck!