Development of PMIPv6 based 6LoWPAN Sensor Node Mobility Scheme

Jin Ho Kim, Rim Haw, Choong Seon Hong

Kyung Hee University, KOREA

2010.02.25

AsiaFI School

Sensor with MANET

Sensor Node (or Network) Mobility

Sensor with NEMO Sensor with PMIPv6

Sensor with Mobile IPv6

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Kyung Hee University 3

PMIPv6 based 6LoWPAN sensor device mobility

IPv6 Network

Home Agent

6LoWPANGW

6LoWPANGW

6LoWPANNode (FFD)

6LoWPANMobile Node

6LoWPANNode (FFD)

Intra-PAN

Mobility

Inter-PAN

Mobility

RouterIPv6 Network

Home Agent

6LoWPANGW

AAA

6LoWPANGW

6LoWPANNode (FFD)

6LoWPANMobile Node

6LoWPANNode (FFD)

Intra-PAN

Mobility

Inter-PAN

Mobility

Router

6LoWPAN : Low Power, Low Cost WPAN It’s so hard to load of mobility protocol In order to support mobility of sensors in 6LoWPAN environments, 6LoWPAN Gateway is applied to

Proxy Mobile IPv6- 6LoWPAN Gateway can distinguish between Intra-PAN Mobility and Inter-PAN Mobility

PAN attachment detection mechanism for 6LoWPAN sensor devices in multi-hop communication envi-ronments

Kyung Hee University 4

A conventional PMIPv6 Protocol Single-hop based mobility support protocol cannot support in Multi-hop based 6LoWPAN environments

6LoWPAN Node Movement Notification Mechanism for multi-hop 6LoWPAN Node’s PAN Attachment Detection Mechanism Using modified Neighbor Discovery protocol

It needs to consider for Multi-hop and Mobility environment Proposed Router Solicitation and Router Advertisement Messages

The goal is to minimize signaling of 6LoWPAN node attachment Neighbor Discovery RS and RA messages are exchanged by adaptation layer routing

6LoWPANGW1

6LoWPANGW2

6LoWPANNode (FFD)

6LoWPANNode (FFD)

Inter-PAN

Mobility

6LoWPANMobile Node

RA

RS

Attachment

PAN Attachment Notification Mechanism

Kyung Hee University 5

Proposed Scheme : Movement Detection & Association

(b) Active Scan

(c) Measurement for RSSI of beacon (d) Associated with the new PAN

Intra-PANMobility

Inter-PANMobility

(a) 6LoWPAN sensor node mobility scenario

PAN#1 (PAN ID : 0x0020) PAN#2 (PAN ID : 0x0030)

FFD11

FFD12

FFD21

FFD22 FFD12

FFD21

FFD22

FFD12

FFD21

FFD22

Inter-PANMobility Send beacon

request message(broadcast)

Receive beacon messageswith PAN ID from neighbor FFDs PAN#1

PAN#2

Kyung Hee University 6

(a) Send the unicast RS messagewith MN_ID option (b) Exchanging AAA Request & AAA Reply

(c) Exchanging Proxy Binding Update & Proxy Binding Acknowledgement, andestablishment a bi-directional tunnel

(d) Receive the unicast RA message with HNP and 16-bit address options

AAA Request

IPv6 Network IPv6 Network

IPv6 Network IPv6 Network

AAA Reply

Bi-directionalTunnel

PBU

ProposedRS

ProposedRA

PBA

Proposed Scheme : Home Registration

AAA HA

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Header Field Data

IEEE 802.15.4MAC header

Source Address 6LoWPAN Node’s 64-bit MAC address

Destination Address FFD1’s 16-bit MAC address

6LoWPANMesh header

MD (Mesh Dispatch) Original address flag=64 bits, Final address flag=16 bits, Hop Left

Original Address 6LoWPAN Node’s 64-bit address

Final Address 6LoWPAN Gateway’s 16-bit address

6LoWPANIP (addressing)

header

DSP (Dispatch) Compressed IPv6

HC1 (IPv6 Header Compression)

Source prefix: compressed, Source IID: non-compressedDestination prefix: compressed, Destination IID: compressedNext Header=ICMP

IPv6 headerSource address6LoWPAN Node’s link-local address (64 bits),Hop Limit (8 bits)

RouterSolicitation

RS header Router Solicitation header

RS option MN_ID (6LoWPAN Node’s profile: 64 bits) option

Router Solicitation

6LoWPAN MN’s PAN At-tachment Notification

6LoWPAN MN’s 6LoWPAN Gateway Discovery

Destination address of RS is set to the 6LoWPAN Gateway (All of 6LoWPAN Gateway’s 16-bit address is 0x0001) Unicast

Signaling messages can be re-duced in PAN area since RS message is being sent in uni-cast directly, not broadcast.

MN_ID (6LoWPAN MN’s pro-file information) option is in-cluded in RS message.

With receiving the RS mes-sage, the 6LoWPAN Gateway can get 6LoWPAN MN’s MAC address, link-local address and MN_ID.

SourceAddr. (64)

Dest.Addr.(16)

MDOriginal

Addr.(64)Final

Addr.(16)HC1 IPv6

RS header

RS option

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC header

6LoWPAN Mesh header 6LoWPAN IP (addressing) header

DSP

Router SolicitationRS

RFD1

FFD4

FFD1

FFD3

FFD2RS

(Unicast)

RFD2

6LoWPAN Sensor Node

6LoWPAN Gateway

Proposed Scheme : RS message

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Header Field Data

IEEE 802.15.4MAC header

Source Address 6LoWPAN Gateway’s 16-bit MAC address

Destination Address FFD2’s 16-bit MAC address

6LoWPANMesh header

MD (Mesh Dispatch) Original address flag=16 bits, Final address flag=64 bits, Hop Left

Original Address 6LoWPAN Gateway’s 16-bit address

Final Address 6LoWPAN Node’s 64-bit address

6LoWPANIP (addressing)

header

DSP (Dispatch) Compressed IPv6

HC1 (IPv6 Header Compression)

Source prefix: compressed, Source IID: non-compressed,Destination prefix: compressed, Destination IID: non-compressed, Next Header=ICMP

IPv6 headerSource address6LoWPAN Gateway’s link-local address (64 bits),Destination address6LoWPAN Node’s link-local address (64 bits),Hop Limit (8 bits)

RouterAdvertisement

RA header Router Advertisement header

RA option6LoWPAN Node’s Home Prefix option (8 bytes),6LoWPAN Node’s 16-bit address option (2 bytes)

SourceAddr.(16)

Dest.Addr.(16)

MDOriginal

Addr.(16)Final

Addr.(64)HC1 IPv6

RA header

RA options

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC header

6LoWPAN Mesh header 6LoWPAN IP (addressing) header

DSP

Router AdvertisementRA

Router Advertisement

6LoWPAN MN’s Home Prefix and 16-bit address options are included.

The 6LoWPAN GW as-signs a 16-bit address to the 6LoWPAN MN, and it has a list of all the 6LoW-PAN nodes with 16-bit addresses.

Therefore, the 6LoWPAN GW discovery does not require the 16-bit address collision avoidance mech-anism.

Destination address of RA is set to the 6LoWPAN MN (6LoWPAN GW can get the 6LoWPAN MN’s address from RS message) Unicast

RFD1

FFD4

FFD1

FFD3

FFD2RA

(Unicast)

RFD2

6LoWPAN Sensor Node

6LoWPAN Gateway

Proposed Scheme : RA message

Kyung Hee University 9

What we had done

● TinyOS 2.0 based 6LoWPAN protocol stack Neighbor discovery for 6LoWPAN Multi-hop routing protocol for 6LoWPAN Communication test and demo between 6LoWPAN

sensor node and IPv6 main server

● A daemon for supporting 6LoWPAN node mobility based on PMIPv6 Proxy Mobile IPv6 protocol stack 6LoWPAN sensor node's PAN attachment detection

mechanism The health condition monitoring application

PMIPv6 based 6LoWPAN sensor node mobility Testbed

6LoWPAN sensor network Testbed

Ethernet or otherMAC / PHY

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC / PHY

Fragmentation

Addressing Neighbor Discovery

IP-USN Gateway

IP-USN sensor node

IEEE 802.15.4MAC / PHY

Mesh Routing

Decompression

Compression

Reassembly

Routing

Fragmentation

Mesh Routing

DecompressionCompression

Reassembly

Addressing

Neighbor Discovery

Binding

Encapsulation DecapsulationAdaptation Layer

Network Layer

Adaptation Layer

Network Layer

IP-USN node’sInformation

Table

UDP TCP

Transport Layer

PersonalHealthcare

WearableSensor

VehiclesSensor

HomeSensor

PortableDevice

Other SensorApplications…

Sensor Applications

Router &AAA

Server

LMA(Home Agent)

IPv6 Network

MAG1(6LoWPAN GW1)

MAG2(6LoWPAN GW2)

6LoWPAN 1

6LoWPAN 2

Main Server

6LoWPANSensor Node

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Testbed

①

②

① Pulse & Oximeter Board② Sensor Interface

(Saturation of partial pressure oxyzen :SpO2)

Kyung Hee University 11

6LoWPAN GW’s PMIPv6 packet capture and Routing Table Proxy Binding Update

Implementation

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Base Station3ffe:qwe:ert:fdg/64

0x0001 Sensor Node0x0003

Sensor Node0x0005

RREQ

RREP

Mobile Node3ffe:1:3::20:ff:fe00:9/64

0x0009

IPv6 Network

DATA packet

Main Server3ffe:aaaa:bbbb:cccc:dddd/64

Base Station3ffe:qwe:ert:fdg/64

0x0001

Sensor Node0x0012

Sensor Node0x0014

Mobile Node3ffe:1:3::20:ff:fe00:9/64

0x0009

Data Request delivery (Main Server -> BS -> 0x0003 -> 0x0005 -> MN)

6LoWPAN packet capture Data Request/Data Reply between Main Server and Mo-bile Node

Implementation

Experimental Results

Kyung Hee University 13

1 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105 1130

20 40 60 80

100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Time (sec)

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Tim

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s)

1 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105 1130

60

120

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360

Time (sec)

Rou

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Tim

e (m

s)

Handover(PAN#2PAN#1)

Handover(PAN#1PAN#2)

Handover(PAN#2PAN#1)

Handover(PAN#1PAN#2)

• Sending interval is 500ms and Payload size is 10 bytes

• The total handover delays of the first test from the 6LoWPAN network#1 to 6LoWPAN network#2 and from the 6LoWPAN network#2 to 6LoWPAN network#1 are 1.357s and 1.208s, respectively.

• The total handover latency with ICMPv6 echo/reply packet using ping6 command between the 6LoWPAN sensor node and its CN

• Sending interval is 500ms and Payload size is 1000 bytes

• The total handover delays of the second test from the 6LoWPAN network#1 to 6LoWPAN network#2 and from the 6LoWPAN network#2 to 6LoWPAN network#1 are 2.874s and 2.593s, respectively.

● We focused on the scheme which supports mobility for 6LoWPAN sensor nodes.

● We adopt PMIPv6 protocol to provide mobility for low power 6LoWPAN sensor nodes.

● The attachment of 6LoWPAN sensor nodes can minimize signaling costs by using RS and RA messages.

● We also implemented the development environment for our proposed interworking mechanism between 6LoWPAN and PMIPv6 to apply in the healthcare system.

● We can verify that the 6LoWPAN sensor node can maintain the connectivity even though it has the freedom of moving between PANs without mobility protocol stack.

Conclusion

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Thank you

Q & A