Detailing : Opening Assemblies

eu:a eppstein uhen architects 1

D E T A I L I N G S E M I N A R

O p e n i n g s : W i n d o w sp r e s e n t a t i o n


OUTLINE Overview : Windows

Frame Material Function Glazing Bldg System Interactions

Terminology : Windows

Detailing Objectives


Overview : Windows Frame Materials

Section 085000 – Windows Section 085113 - Aluminum Windows Section 085123 - Steel Windows Section 085200 - Wood Windows

Aluminum Or Vinyl Clad Section 085313 - Vinyl Windows

Fiberglass Windows

Window Function Glazing

# of Panes : Single, Double, or Triple Glazing Types


Overview : Windows Interactions : Building (System)

ComponentsStructur

eExterior

Skin

Sealants

Weather-resistant Barrier

Air BarrierVapor

Barrier

Flashing Others?


Terminology Air Infiltration Condensation

Condensation Resistance Factor Low-E Glazing Heat-Strengthened Glazing Tempered Glazing Solar Heat Gain Coefficient Thermal Break U value / R-Value Water Pressure test


Detailing ObjectivesDOB-1 : FIREDOB-2 : EARTHDOB-3 : WATERDOB-4 : AIR

DOB-5 : COSTDOB-6 : TIMEDOB-7 : SCOPE

FIRE

WATER

AIR EARTH

dryhot

wet cold

ELEMENTS

TIMECOST

SCOPE


Conduction : transfer of hot to cold through materials

Performance Measurements U-value :

Mtl: average = 0.50 vs. preferred = 0.38 Wd/Clad: 0.35 average vs. 0.33 preferred

Condensation Resistance Factor (CRF) : Mtl: average vs. preferred Wd/Clad: average vs. preferred

Thermal Break : required in our climate WHY? : Stops transfer of heat from warm

side to cold side of the frame HOW? : Best thermal break : wide and as

thin as possible WHERE? : same plane as the outside face

of insulation Frame Materials:

Metal vs. Wood vs. Vinyl vs. Fiberglass

DOB-1 Fire (Thermal)


DOB-1 Fire (Thermal)Radiation – Heat gain through solar

radiation Performance measurements

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) average vs. preferred

Recently, furnaces offered to EUA employees. Why? HVAC designer who prepared the envelope

calculations used a SHGC value in his calculations that could not be achieved with the specified windows

Reduce solar heat gain Air spaces : Gas filled Glazing Coatings

Low E coatings : specified at a minimum in this climate

Reflects long wave (furnace) energy back into the space

Reduces short wave (sun) energy that passes through


DOB-2 Earth (Solid)Material interactions : separate dissimilar

metals Aluminum windows + aluminum flashing = OK Aluminum windows + steel lintels = Not OKMovement : Expand & contract :

different than adjacent materials

Solution Sealant joint between

windows and adjacent materials

Receiving head/sill = allows varying dimensions


DOB-3 Water (Liquids)Drainage Weeps : bottom of the frame

Drain any moisture that condenses inside the frame.

Flashings Head + Weather Resistive Barrier

(WRB) : lap over flashing Sill : pan with end dams : flashing

laps over WRB Jamb + Weather Resistive Barrier

(WRB) : lap over flashing Condensation

Good thermal resistance (U values) Usually on the glass (high

humidity)


DOB-3 Water (Liquids)


DOB-4 Air (Vapor)Convection : air flow from warm

to cold Performance measurements

Air Infiltration CFM/SF : average vs. preferred Around frame’s perimeter

Fill all voids with insulation Continuous sealant

Insulating glass or multi-pane glazing system with an air space between panes

Proper installation of Air Barriers (AB) and Vapor Barrier (VB)

Glazing : Clear glass vs. Low-E Argon Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) Visible light transmittance


DOB-4 Air (Vapor)Air and Vapor Barrier Windows : major source of air & vapor

infiltration (in & out) “Quality windows”

Low U-value Low air infiltration values High condensation resistance values

Joints : window openings and adjacent walls Pack all voids with insulation to resist heat

loss Sealant : around the entire perimeter

of the opening Inside and out : resist air infiltration.

Openings : pre-wrapped Exterior WRB installed @ inside of the

openings (jambs/sills)


DOB-4 Air (Vapor)


DOB-5 CostMaterial Costs Low price compared to metal frame windows Size and shapes effect cost

Vinyl – Cheapest Fiberglass – Moderate Clad – Expensive

Labor Repetitive assemblies cut down on cost and install time.

Rain screen assemblies : detail the basic weatherproof parts of the openings the same so the building can be dried in as soon as possible.

Detail edges of openings : variable exterior skin assemblies’ thicknesses

Insist on mock-ups of openings Rain screen assemblies : free standing (not on the building) Difficult for contractors to understand the rain screen concept


DOB-6 ScheduleEfficient Use of Const Materials Construction sequence

Easily rehearsed & flexible Detailed shop drawings and mock-ups.

Most windows : fabricated on a per order basis Repetition = Value

Availability – Easy to obtain Sizes – Standard and Custom Colors

Metal Windows Vinyl – Limited colors Clad – Wide selection Fiberglass – Limited colors, but paintable


DOB-7 Scope Aesthetics

Wide range of sizes, shapes, colors, etc.

Coordination w/S + MEP ResCheck ComCheck

Code : egress requirements?


Overview : WindowsPerformance (Elements) Thermal (Fire)

Temperature Change (Range) Thermal Transmittance U-Value

Air (Vapor) Solar Heat-Gain Coefficient

(SHGC) Air Infiltration (cfm/sq ft) STC

Water (Liquid) Water Resistance (psf) Condensation-Resistance

Factor (CRF) Structural (Earth)

Design Pressure (psf) Deflection (psf) Wind loads Windborne-Debris Resistance Operating Force and Auxiliary

(Durability) Tests

Other Considerations Cost

Initial Cost vs. Life-Safety Schedule

Ease of Replacement/Repair Scope

Aesthetics Coordination w/S + MEP

ResCheck/ComCheck Code : egress requirements


ConclusionQuestions???

Comments???

Concerns???

Suggestions???

Detailing : Opening Assemblies

Design

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