DEScribe : Descriptive Experience Sampling appliqué au desktop
Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.
-
Upload
jessie-harrington -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.
![Page 1: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Descriptive StudiesMethods of study that try to
DESCRIBE a population
![Page 2: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Case Study
Definition: an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
Examples:Genie the Wild ChildPhineas Gage Anorexia Studies
![Page 3: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Case StudyAdvantages and DisadvantagesWhat’s good about
case studies?
One person can tell us a lot about humans in general
What’s bad about case studies?
One case may be misleading!!!
“My uncle smoked two packs a day for sixty years and never had health problems!”
![Page 4: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Survey
Definition: asks people to report their behavior or opinions
Examples:Political pollingU.S. CensusDane Co. Youth
Survey
![Page 5: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SurveyAdvantages and DisadvantagesWhat’s good
about surveys?
Cheap to administer
Gather a lot of information about a lot of people quickly
What’s bad about surveys?Wording Effects
“affirmative action” vs. “preferential treatment”; “welfare” vs. “aid to the needy”
Sampling ErrorPeople Lie
![Page 6: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Naturalistic ObservationDefinition: observing and recording
behavior in NATURALLY occurring situations
We do NOT interfere in naturalistic observations…we simply watch and record!
Example: Jane Goodall observing chimpanzees
![Page 7: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Naturalistic Observation Advantages and DisadvantagesWhat’s good about
naturalistic observation?
See authentic behavior
What’s bad about naturalistic observation?
Can’t interfere at all
![Page 8: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Limitations of Descriptive Studies
These methods can contribute to overall understanding, but do not show causation.
Surveys and observation can show correlation
Correlation enables prediction.
Correlation does not equal causationCorrelation does not equal causation!Ice Cream Mystery
![Page 9: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CorrelationCorrelation can be:
causation (but not the other way around), influenced by 3rd variablespure chance
![Page 11: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Correlation Coefficient
Scatterplots – illustrate correlation
![Page 12: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Correlation?
![Page 13: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Descriptive Studies Methods of study that try to DESCRIBE a population.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649f065503460f94c1be09/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Illusory Correlation
Music that Makes You Dumb – Correlation?