DESCRIBING GRAPH.pptx

8/11/2019 DESCRIBING GRAPH.pptx

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WELCOME TO MY

PRESENT TION

GITA RAHMA YANTI

1411012020


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DEFINITION

Describing is defined as giving details about a

person, thing or event.

Graph is a diagram representing a system of

connections or interrelations among two or

more things by a number of distinctive dots,

lines, bars, etc.


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GRAPH

A graph commonly

consists of two axes

called the x-axis

(horizontal) and y-axis(vertical). Each axis

corresponds to one

variable. The axes are

labeled with differentnames, such as Price

and Quantity.


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GRAPH PURPOSE

help people understand data quickly

If you want to make a comparison, show

a relationship, or highlight a trend, theyhelp your audience "see" what you are

talking about.


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APPLICATION OF GRAPH

Graphs can be used to model many types of relationsand processes In :

physical,

biological

social

information systems

represent networks of communication

data organization

omputational devices

link structure of a website can be represented by adirected graph

etc


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Graph classes

Many problems involve characterizing the members ofvarious classes of graphs. Some examples of such

questions are below:

Enumerating the members of a class

Characterizing a class in terms of forbiddensubstructures

Ascertaining relationships among classes (e.g., does

one property of graphs imply another)

Finding efficient algorithms to decide membership in a

class

Finding representations for members of a class.


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The trouble is there are so many different types

of charts and graphs that it's difficult to know

which one to choose. Click on the chart option

in your spreadsheet program and you're

presented with many styles. They all look

smart, but which one is appropriate for the

data you've collected?


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TYPE OF GRAPH

Line Graphs

One of the most common graphs you will

encounter is a line graph. Line graphs simply

use a line to connect the data points that you

plot.

They are most useful for showing trends, and

for identifying whether two variables relate to

(or "correlate with") one another.


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exampleABC Enterprises' sales vary

throughout the year. By plotting

sales figures on a line graph, as

shown in Figure 3 , it's easy to

see the main fluctuations

during the course of a year.

Here, sales drop off during thesummer months, and around

New Year. While some seasonal

variation may be unavoidable in

the line of business ABC

Enterprises is in, it may bepossible to boost cash flows

during the low periods through

marketing activity and special

offers.


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TYPE OF GRAPH

Bar Graphs

Another type of graph that shows

relationships between different data series is

the bar graph. Here the height of the bar

represents the measured value or frequency:

The higher or longer the bar, the greater the

value.


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ABC Enterprises sells threedifferent models of its mainproduct, the Alpha, thePlatinum, and the Deluxe. Byplotting the sales each modelover a three year period, itbecomes easy to see trends thatmight be masked by a simpleanalysis of the figuresthemselves. In Figure 5, you cansee that, although the Deluxe isthe highest-selling of the three,its sales have dropped off over

the three year period, whilesales of the other two havecontinued to grow.


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TYPE OF GRAPH

Pie Charts

A pie chart compares parts to a whole. As such itshows a percentage distribution. The entire pie

represents the total data set and each segment ofthe pie is a particular category within the whole.

So, to use a pie chart, the data you are measuringmust depict a ratio or percentage relationship.

You must always use the same unit of measurewithin a pie chart. Otherwise your numbers willmean nothing.


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TYPE OF GRAPH

Venn Diagram

The last graph we will cover here is the Venn

diagram. Devised by the mathematician John

Venn in 1881, this is a diagram used to show

overlaps between sets of data.

Each set is represented by a circle. The degree

of overlap between the sets is depicted by the

overlap between circles


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Vocabulary to Describe Graph Trends

Going Up

rose

increased went up

grew

Going Down

decreased

fell dropped

declined


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No Change

stayed the same

remained constant leveled off

stabilised

Up and Down

fluctuated

zig-zag fluttered

undulated


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Small Changes -

Adjectives / Adverbs

gently

gradually

slightly

steadily

Big Changes - Adverbs

/ Adjectives

suddenly

sharply

dramatically

Steeply a lot


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Low Points

bottomed out

reached a low


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REFERENCES

http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/Cha

rts_and_Diagrams.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory

http://oppematerjal.sisekaitse.ee/eppleibur/d

escribing_graphs/
http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/Charts_and_Diagrams.htmhttp://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/Charts_and_Diagrams.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theoryhttp://oppematerjal.sisekaitse.ee/eppleibur/describing_graphs/http://oppematerjal.sisekaitse.ee/eppleibur/describing_graphs/http://oppematerjal.sisekaitse.ee/eppleibur/describing_graphs/http://oppematerjal.sisekaitse.ee/eppleibur/describing_graphs/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theoryhttp://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/Charts_and_Diagrams.htmhttp://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/Charts_and_Diagrams.htm

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