Describe shock List the causes of shock Describe the types of shock & their

causes Describe the compensatory &

decompensatory stages of shock Recognize the signs & symptoms of

shock

Shock

Causes of Shock

Types of Shock

Stages of Shock

Compensatory Shock

Compensatory Stage

Decompensatory Shock

Decompensatory Stage

Signs and Symptoms of Shock

Management of Shock

Conclusion

Shock is a condition in which:-

blood flow oxygen nutrients to the tissues

are inadequate for normal cell function

Shock can be caused by illness or trauma

Pump failure Loss of blood Loss of vascular tone

Hypovolemic shock

caused by blood loss external bleeding, internal

bleeding, loss of plasma (burns)

..continue

Cardiogenic shock

caused by heart (pump) failure heart attack

….continue

Respiratory Shock

Caused by insufficient oxygen in the blood

Chest injury, airway obstruction, or paralysis of the breathing muscles (e,g, from spinal injury)

…continue

Neurogenic Shock

Caused by loss of control of the nervous systems (loss of vascular tone)

Spinal cord injury

...continue

Metabolic Shock

Caused by the loss of body fluids Excessive diarrhea, vomiting, or

urination

…continue

Anaphylactic Shock

Caused by loss of vascular tone Extremely allergic, (e.g. insect

sting, foods, drugs, dust)

…continue

Psychogenic Shock (fainting)

Caused by loss of vascular tone Temporary condition Reaction to fear, bad news, the

sight of blood, or a minor injury

…continue

Septic Shock

Caused by a severe infection, Loss of vascular tone & blood

volume Contaminated IV, recent surgery,

prolonged illness or infection

…continue

1st stage of Shock

Compensatory Shock

2nd stage of Shock

Decompensatory Shock

To protect these organs, the body does the following:

Increases the rate & force of the heartbeat

Constricts the blood vessels of the skin

Selectively constricts/vasoconstriction some of the blood vessels in organs

Initial Signs

Lethargy or weakness Confusion Fear Irritability, Agitation Disorientation

The causes of compensatory shock are not corrected, decompensatory shock take place

B/P falls further Blood pools in the extremities &

cardiac output is reduced Usually results in death

Late Signs

Drowsiness, deteriorating to loss of consciousness

A change in level of consciousness Patient may be uncooperative,

abusive, or combative

Decreased LOC Decreased B/P (less than 90/60) Weak, rapid heart rate Pale, clammy, cool skin Shallow, rapid breathing Thirst

….continue

Restlessness, Anxiety Weakness Shivering

Management of Shock

RSE DABCs RBS

External bleeding

- Direct pressure Elevation the body part Use a tourniquet (Last resort only)

….continue

Internal bleeding

Minimize movement of the patient Keep the patient flat, raise & support

the legs Provide reassurance Never give the patient anything to

eat or drink Administer oxygen Rapid Transport

The Shock patient cannot be stabilized in the field

The Shock patient must be rapidly transported to a medical facility