Students NameMr. Leese

7th Grade science

1/11/13

Thesis: Dengue fever is an endemic viral disease that infects humans circulatory

system.

I. Dengue fever

A. Viral disease

B. Names

1. Breakbone fever

2. Dengue hemorrhagic fever

3. Dengue shock syndrome

C. Infects humans

D. Caused by infected mosquito bite

II. History and geography

A. First record of Dengue fever

1. Jin dynasty China (265-420 AD)

2. Chinese medical encyclopedia

3. Also called water poison

B. 15th-19th century

1. Spread out of Africa

2. Slave trade

3. Globalization

4. 1779-1780

a. Asia

b. Africa

c. North America

C. 1906

1. Transmitted by mosquito, confirmed

2. 2nd disease

a. after yellow fever

b. caused by virus

3. Explained by

a. John Cleland

b. Joseph Siler

D. WWII- its back and bad

1. Infrequent since early 1800s

2. Philippinesa. Many cases

b. 1953

3. Child mortality

a. 1970s

b. Pacific

c. Americas

E. Singapore

1. Endemic

2. 1.6-6 per 10,000 blood transfusions

F. Location

1. Asia

2. Pacific

3. Equator- 70% of cases

III. Transmission

A. Bite of an infected mosquito

1. Aedes aegypti

a. Mosquito

b. Major contributing specie

2. Bite during day

3. Female mosquito

4. Other mosquitoes

a. A. albopictus

b. A. polynesienus

c. A. scultellaris

B. Other ways to transmit diseases

1. Blood products

2. Organ donation

3. Person to person

a. Uncommon

b. Varity of possible ways

c. Unclear

C. Acute

1. More cases

2. Majority recover

D. Severe

1. Increase in number

a. Since 1960

b. Globalization

c. Wars

2. 50-100 million per year

IV. Symptoms

A. General

1. High Fever

2. Headache

3. Muscle and joint pains

4. Skin rash

5. Measles like

B. Life-threatening

1. Small number of cases

2. Severe bleeding

3. Low blood platelets

4. Blood plasma leakage

5. Very low blood pressure

6. Death

C. Children and young adults

1. Similar to common cold

2. Vomiting

3. Diarrhea

4. Increased risk of severe

D. Cycles

1. Febrile

a. High fever- 1040 F

b. Pain

c. Headache

d. Rash

2. Critical

a. Some cases

b. Lasts 1-2 days

c. Fluid build-up

1) Chest

2) Abdomen

d. Severe bleeding

e. Organ dysfunction

f. Shock

g. Less than 5% of cases

h. Mainly children and young adults

3. Recovery

a. Fluid back into blood

b. Severe itching

c. Slow heart rate

d. Peeling of skin

e. Seizures

f. Loss of consciousness

g. Fatigue for weeks

V. Treatment

A. Acute cases

1. Rehydration

2. Intraveneous fluids

B. Severe cases

1. Blood transfusions

2. Oral rehydration therapy

3. Packed red blood cells

4. Whole blood

C. General

1. Hydration

2. Hospitalization

D. No medication

1. Viral

2. No vaccine

VI. Other information

A. Mortality rate

1. 1-5% w/out treatment

2. >1% w/ treatment

B. Increase 30X since

1. 1960

2. Up to 2010

C. USA

1. 3-8% vacationers become infected

2. Visiting endemic areas

3. 2nd to malaria