Demand Side Management-05!03!2013
41
Transcript of Demand Side Management-05!03!2013
0
50000
100000
Peak Normal
E L E C T R I C I T Y - P E A K D E F I C I T
8 0 6 3 1 M W
9 . 1 %
P E A K D E F I C I T - 9 . 1 %
8 8 6 6 7 M W
MW
0
250
500
G e n e r a t i o n D e m a n d
Billion un
its
ELECTRICITY - NORMAL DEFICIT
7 . 4 %
N O R M A L D E F I C I T - 7 . 4 %
4 1 1 . 7
3 8 1 . 4
D S M A I M STo minimize the Cost of Generation,
Transmission & Distribution of
ElectricityTo meet Customer Energy Needs
a) always without Quality Deterioration
&
b) at Lowest Possible Cost
• Proper Scheduling of Operation
• Shifting of Peak Hour Operation to
non - Peak Hour Operation wherever
feasible
• Possible Elimination of Operation
altogether
A c h i e v e d t h r o u g h
I N S H O R T
J a n - S e p 0 6
1 2 2 4
1 24
0
1 1 5 0
1 2 0 0
1 14
0
1 1 6 8 1 1 8 4
1 1 8 4 1 2 1 6
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
J a n F e b M a r A p r M a y J u n J u l A u g S e p
M o n t h
1 0 5 0
1 4 0 0 C D
A c t u a l
0 6
k V
A
C o n t r a c t e d / M a x i m u m R e a c h e d / M o n t h l y A v e r
a g e
1 2
2 4
1 2
4 0
1 2
1 6
1 1
8 4
1 1
8 4
1 1
4 01 2
0 0
1 1
5 0
1 0
4 8
1 0
2 7
9 7
7
1 0
2 2
9 0
4
9 0
3
9 0
39 8
1
9 5
8
800
1000
1200
1400
J a n F e b M a r A p r M a y J u n J u l A u g S e p
k V
A
M o n t h
1 0 5 0
1 4 0 0 C D
M o n t h A v g
M D R e a c h e d
0 6
1 1
6 8
9
8
3
1
0
2
6
9
0
9
9
0
3
9
0
7
9
8
6
9
5
8
1
0
2
7
1
0
4
8
176213239162280 265237
219192
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
J a n F e b M a r A p r i l M a y J u n e J u l y A u g Sep
1 150 1 200 1 140 1 168 1 184 1 184 1 216
0 6
M A X I M U M vs A V E R A G E k V A
k V
A
A v g
( m a x - a v g )
Max / Avg 1.20 1.22 1.26 1.29 1.30 1.15 1.24 1.21 1.16
X X X X X
1 240 1 224
X
4 . 5
0
3 . 9
6
3 . 5
5
3 . 5
5
3 . 6
5
3 . 7
2
3 . 6
7
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
J a n F e b M a r A p r M a y J u n J u l A u g S e p
M o n t h
R s
i n
L
a k
h s
k V A C H A R G E S
3 . 2
4 . 2 1 0 0 % CD
A c t u a l P a i d
Payable as per Consumption
0 6
3 . 9 1
O U T C O M E
• Study Period : O c t 5 - 2 4 h O c t 8 to 1 0 - 4 8 h
D A T A A N A L Y Z E D O N 2 M O D E S
( i ) I n s t a n t a n e o u s ( i i ) 3 0 m i n s A v e r a g e ( T N E B S c h e d u l e )
S T U D Y P A R A M E T E R S 1 V o l t a g e 2 C u r r e n t 3 P F
4 k V A 5 P o w e r
7 2 h
240
242
244
246
248
25018
:30
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
V O L T A G EV
o l t
s
Day Colour
1
2
3
2 4 3
2 4 8
D a y L o w H i g h A v g S D
1 2 4 3 . 0 2 4 7 . 0 2 4 5 . 0 1 . 0 1 6
2 2 4 4 . 1 2 4 8 . 0 2 4 5 . 7 0 . 8 3 4
3 2 4 3 . 7 2 4 7 . 3 2 4 5 . 6 0 . 9 4 2
A N A L Y S I S
I N F E R E N C E 1 V o l t a g e V a r i a t i o n - L i m i t e d 2 G o o d Q u a l i t y P o w e r
3000
3500
4000
4500
500018
:30
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
C U R R E N T A
m p
s
4 4 6 9
3 2 9 2
Day Colour
1
2
3
D a y L o w H i g h A v g S D
1 3 3 8 5 4 2 6 5 3 9 5 0 2 1 8
2 3 2 9 2 4 4 6 9 4 0 7 9 2 3 8
3 3 3 8 1 4 4 1 4 4 0 5 2 2 2 2
A N A L Y S I S
0.98
0.99
1.0018
:30
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
P O W E R F A C T O R P
F
0 . 9 9 7
0 . 9 7 7 2Day Colour
1
2
3
D a y L o w H i g h A v g S D
1 1 . 0 0 1 . 0 0 1 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 6
2 0 . 9 9 1 . 0 0 0 . 9 9 0 . 0 0 2 2
3 0 . 9 9 1 5 0 . 9 9 6 7 0 . 9 9 4 5 0 . 0 0 1 5
I N F E R E N C E 1 A P F C is working satisfactorily2 Power Factor - Leading Occasionally
A N A L Y S I S
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
P O W E Rk
W
8 0 4
1 0 8 7
T i m e
Day Colour
1
2
3
D a y L o w H i g h A v g S D
1 8 2 8 . 0 1 0 3 4 . 0 9 6 4 5 3 . 3 8 7
2 8 0 4 .7 1 0 8 7 . 3 9 9 6 . 6 3 5 8 . 9 2 5
3 8 2 2 . 6 1 0 8 1 . 0 9 9 0 . 2 9 5 4 . 7 5 4
A N A L Y S I S
700
800
900
1000
1100
120018
:30
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
k V A - A C O N S O L I D A T I O N
1 0 9 0
8 1 3
T i m e
Day Colour
1
2
3
D a y L o w H i g h A v g S D
1 8 3 3 1 0 4 2 9 6 9 5 3
2 8 1 3 1 0 9 0 1 0 0 1 5 7
3 8 2 8 1 0 8 7 9 9 5 5 4
A N A L Y S I S
888
883
882
881
911
907
932
978
956
944
1004
1000
991
959
963 97
9 991 10
03 1015
988 10
0095
9
996
1015
1038
1039
965
1017
998
1040
1023
1016
1042
1027
1002
1006
1007 1012
833
891
875
90093
4
974
927
700
800
900
1000
110018
:30
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
L o w 8 3 3H i g h 1 0 4 2A v g 9 6 9S D 5 3
k V A - D a y 1
T i m e
1052
1056
1003 10
1410
4410
7610
4710
2998
8 999
976 99
6
1025
1011
1066
1008
965
1013 1019
988
872
897
1064
1025
1091
1058 1066
943
1004
1056
1052
1051
996
1033
990
1015
1020 10
4410
3210
1310
13
813
905
919
953
959 918
914
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
k V A - D a y 2k
V A
L o w 8 1 3H i g h 1 0 9 1A v g 1 0 0 1S D 5 7
T i m e
1004
996
993 10
0610
4810
4510
81 1087
1031
1013
980 989
990 10
1296
795
5 979 10
00 1009 1017 1025
1016
976
982
1012
1048
1076
1047
965
920
911
973 98
5 995
1040
1040
1037 10
6310
55
968 99
510
33
866
970
863
829
938
944
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
k V A - D a y 3
L o w 8 2 8H i g h 1 0 8 7A v g 9 9 5S D 5 4
T i m e
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
D a y 1
V A R I A T I O N O F ( I N S T A N T A N E O U S & ½ H O U R A V E R A
G E )K V A v s T I M E
888
883
882
881 91
190
7 932
978
956
944
1004
1000
991
959
963 97
9 991 10
03 1015
988 10
0095
9 996 10
15 1038
1039
965
1017
998 10
4010
2310
16 1042
1027
1002
1006
1007
1012
833
891
875 90
093497
4
927
700
800
900
1000
1100
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
Min Max Average S D
6 9 7 1 1 9 2 9 7 0 8 5
Min Max Average S D
8 3 3 1 0 4 2 9 6 9 5 3
k V
A
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
18:3
0
19:4
0
20:5
0
22:0
0
23:1
0
0:20
1:30
2:40
3:50
5:00
6:10
7:20
8:30
10:1
5
11:2
5
12:3
5
13:4
6
14:5
6
16:0
6
17:1
6
18:2
6
Time
1052
1056
1003
1014 10
44 1076
1047
1029
988
999
976 99
6 1025
1011
1066
1008
965 10
1310
1998
8
872 89
7
1064
1025
1091
1058
1066
943
1004
1056
1052
1051
996 10
3399
0 1015
1020 10
4410
3210
1310
13
813
905
919 95
3
959
918
914
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
V A R I A T I O N O F ( I N S T A N T A N E O U S & ½ H O U R A V E R A
G E )K V A V S T I M E D a y 2
Min Max Average S D
6 7 3 1 1 8 8 9 9 9 8 7
Min Max Average S D
8 1 3 1 0 9 1 1 0 0 1 5 7
k V
A
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
18:3
019
:25
20:2
021
:15
22:1
023
:05
0:00
0:55
1:50
2:45
3:40
4:35
5:30
6:25
7:20
8:15
9:10
10:0
511
:00
11:5
512
:50
13:4
514
:40
15:3
516
:30
17:2
518
:20
D a y 3
V A R I A T I O N O F ( I N S T A N T A N E O U S & ½ H O U R A V E R A
G E )K V A V S T I M E
1004
996
993
1006 10
4810
45 1081
1087
1031
1013
980
989
990 10
1296
795
5 979 10
0010
0910
1710
2510
1697
698
2 1012 10
48 1076
1047
965
920
911
973
985
995 10
4010
4010
37 1063
1055
968 99
5 1033
866
970
863
829
938
944
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
Min Max Average S D
7 4 4 1 2 6 1 9 9 5 8 2
Min Max Average S D
8 2 8 1 0 8 7 9 9 5 5 4
k V
A
6 7 3
8 1 37 4 4
8 2 8
6 9 7
8 3 3
5 0 3
7 9 1
0
300
600
900
1 2 3 4
k V A - A C o m p a r i s o n I N S T A N T v s 3 0 m i n A V G
kVA
D a y
1 1881 090
1 261
1 0871 192
1 042
1 328
1 132
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1 2 3 4
kVA
MIN
MAx
I N F E R E N C E S1 Sizable Variation in k V A During Lunch, Tea & Shift Changeover Time
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
l t t tl t l t t
2 Significant Impact on kVA ( 09 : 00 h - 11 : 30 h )
700
800
900
1000
1100
120018
:30
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
3 Among all shifts, kVA drop in 3rd shift’s lunch time is quite pronounced
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
18:3
0
19:3
0
20:3
0
21:3
0
22:3
0
23:3
0
0:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:3
0
11:3
0
12:3
0
13:3
0
14:3
0
15:3
0
16:3
0
17:3
0
P r o g r a m m e S u m m a r y
Programme Overview
Introduction of energy efficient lighting and other devices to public sector and institutional customers
Programme Objectives
/ Goals
To promote DSM as the least cost and most beneficial way of providing reliable electricity
Programme Design
and Implementation
Strategy
Utility driven programme Guaranteed 3-year cost recovery of up-front costs Customers were given option of borrowing full up-front cost through the utility’s Conservation Loan lending Facility
U S E X P E R I E N C E - 1
Programme Results
Energy Savings: 1,700,000 MWh at various stages of development
Lifecycle Savings: 1.39 million MWh Demand Savings: 14.2 MW per year
Key lessons learned
It is possible for a utility to very quickly “ramp” up an aggressive DSM programme
Actual payback estimated to stretch up to 4-6 years Actual customer savings (25% to 35%) were significantly lower than initial utility’s proclamation
(50 % to 75 % ) Avoid shortage of key lighting equipment and components (e.g., ballast)
U t i l i t y C h a r a c t e r i s t i c sUtility Name New York Power Authority (NYPA)
Utility characteristic State-owned
utility
Mandated by the state to supply New York State with lower-cost electricity
Customers includes designated companies and state government facilities and the investor-owned utilities
which resale power without profit to their customers Owns generation and certain transmission assets Number of customers – 166 Energy Sales – 36.200 million MWh Energy Sales Revenue – US$872 million Net rated output – 6,875 MW
Phase inRestructuring State-owned utility
D S M Initiatives
DSM initiatives are a central part of the utility’s strategic planBudget for energy efficiency programs is about US$100 million annually
U S E X P E R I E N C E - 2
P r o g r a m m e D e s i g n
ProgrammeDescription
Cash incentives / options programme offered to customers interested in implementing energy
efficient lighting and other devices in public sector and institutions
Eligibility of customers for cash incentives is established by a facility review or an energy audit conducted at the site for the purpose of identifying energy saving package which would become the basis for an action Plan
Programme Goals
To promote DSM as the least cost and most beneficial way of providing reliable electricity under its mandate
Customer / Market
Characteristics
Primarily targeted lighting in government (state) and other public / semi - public institutional customers in southeastern New York
Scope expanded to include HVAC and drive power technologies
Opened out to participants from public school sector in Long Island
DSM Measures(Technology /Management)
Fluorescent lamps Electronic ballasts Specular reflectors CFLs High efficiency discharge lamps (HIDs) Photocells Occupancy sensors Converted exit sign lighting from incandescent to
CFL HVAC upgrade measures were made available in
March 1992
Types of incentives Guaranteed cost recovery Concessionary financing Full service implementation
DSM marketingStrategy
“Glossy, powerful brochure” Multimedia (diskette, video, etc) Personal communication at high level (NYPA Chairman visits large customers)
ImplementingOrganization
NYPA with oversight over private Implementation Contractors that bid for contracts to perform
audit, design and oversee retrofits Subcontractors that perform the installations NYPA handled certain smaller projects internally
Projected Savings
Programme Period 1990 to 1992: Implemented over a period of three years when it was
launched in 1990 and terminated in 1992 Energy Savings: 151,647 MWh Demand Savings: 30.9 MW
P r o g r a m m e R e s u l t s
No of Participants Data Not available
Savings 5 0 5 4 9 M W h / y
Cumulative Savings 1 5 1 6 4 7 M W h3 0 . 9 M W
Programme Costs U S D 5 5 3 4 2
P r o g r a m m e B e n e f i t s
Benefit to theCustomers, Benefit to
the utility, Otherbenefits, Cost of
energy saved
Reduced customer’s cost of electricity Provided Low cost CFLs to customers Peak load reduced, fostered customer relations Contributed environmental benefit to society 4.26 Cents / kWh at 9 % real discount rate
