Deliriant poison
description
Transcript of Deliriant poison
Dhatura,Atropa Belladonna,Hyoscyamus Niger, Cannabis Indica and Cocaine
DATURA(Jimson weed, Thorn apple)
Toxic principles: Hyoscine,hyoscymine, atropine
Mode of action: competitively inhibit muscarinic effects of acetylcholine
Toxic effects
Blind as a bat, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, and mad as a wet hen
Important manifestationsDryness of mouth, thirst, slurred speechDysphagiaDilated pupilsDiplopliaDry hot skinDysuria Drunken gaitDelirium
Death
DaturaFatal Dose-100-125(60mg ,4mg).Fatal period.TreatmentStomach wash (potasium,tannic)
DecontaminationPhysostigmine- 2mg IV or Neostigmine
Forensic significance(MEDICOLEGAL IMPORTANCE)AccidentalSuicidalHomicidalStupefaction
Cannabis
Cannabis Sativa – flowering tops & leaves
Uses: AntiemeticConvulsions, anxiety, pain &
inflammation
Active principle:Tetra hydro cannabinol- THC
PREPARATIONS
Marijuana- any part of plant / its extract
Hashish (Charas)- dried resin from flowery tops (40% ACTIVE PRINCIPLE )
Ganja- resinous extract of crushed leaves of female plant (25% OF ACTIVE PRINCIPLE))
Bhang- dried mature leaves & flower stems(15%)
Sinsemilla- seedless unpollinated female plant (50% THC)
Acute poisoningEuphoriaTemporal & spatial disorientation with
intensification of sensation & increased clarity of perception
Hallucinations, sedation, dysphoriaAcute toxic psychosisTachycardia, palpitations, hypotensionStimulation of appetite
Chronic poisoningAmotivational syndrome – lethargic, apathetic,
disinterested, poor concentrationManic / paranoid psychosis
(Running amok)
Treatment: Decontamination, benzodiazipines, psycho socialtherapy
Medicosocial & Forensic issues: Drug of abuse
Cocaine (Coke, snow, cadillac, crack)Alkaloid from Erythroxylon coca
Occurs as white, shiny crystals with bitter taste & numbing taste
Uses:Topical anaesthetic for cornea Brompton’s cocktail(cocaine, morphine, chlorpromazine, alcohol)
CocaineOne of the most powerful stimulants of CNS
Whole sale price in USA- 25,000-35,000 $/ kg
India, cocaine powder- Rs 3000- 5000/gm
Acute poisoningStage of early stimulation:Euphoria, excitement, mydriasis, increased HR, BP, RR
Stage of advanced stimulation:Vomiting, muscle twitching, dyspnoea, hyperthermia, hallucinations, convulsions
Stage of depression:Paralysis of muscles, loss of reflexes, coma & death
Body packer syndrome (body stuffing):
Seen in smugglers (body stuffer / mules)
Massive over dosage & death
Cocaine addictLoses interest in family, friends, food, sexual activity
Emaciated & physically exhaustedMydriasis, anorexia, hyperactivity,
tachycardia, tachypnoea, insomniaManic, paranoid or depressive psychosisTactile hallucinations (coke bug, formication,
Magnan’s sign)
Treatment:Stomach wash, activated charcoalSymptomaticPsychotherapy
Medicolegal importanceRich man’s drug Champagne drugBody packing
PsychotropicsAntidepressants- Amphetamine (Designer
drugs)Neuroleptics- ChlorpromazineHallucinogens- LSD (Lysergic Acid
Diethylamide)
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