December 2017

by David WaxmanSeattle Washington:

Drug company execs are nervous. That’s because the greatest health advance in decades has hit the streets. And analysts expect it to put a huge crimp in “Big Pharma” profits.

So what’s all the fuss about? It’s about a new ingredient that’s changing the lives of people who use it. Some call it “the greatest discovery since penicillin”!

The name of the product is the AloeCure. It’s not a drug. It’s something completely different. And the product is available to anyone who wants it, at a reasonable price. But demands may force future prices to rise.

TOP DOC WARNS: DIGESTION DRUGS CAN CRIPPLE YOU!

Company spokesperson, Dr. Liza Leal; a leading integrative health specialist recommends AloeCure before she decides to prescribe any digestion drug. Especially after the FDA’s stern warning about long-term use of drugs classified as proton pump inhibitors like Prilosec®, Nexium®, and Prevacid®. In a nutshell, the FDA statement warned people should avoid taking these digestion drugs for longer than three 14-day treatment periods because there is an increased risk of bone fractures. Many people take them daily and for decades.

Dr. Leal should know. Many patients come to her with bone and joint complaints and she does everything she can to help them. One way for digestion sufferers to help avoid possible risk of tragic joint and bone problems caused by overuse of digestion drugs is to take the AloeCure.

The secret to AloeCure’s “health adjusting” formula is scientifically tested Acemannan, a polysaccharide extracted from Aloe Vera. But not the same aloe vera that mom used to apply to your cuts, scrapes and burns. This is a perfect strain of aloe that is organically grown under very strict conditions. AloeCure is so powerful it begins to benefit your health the instant you take it. It soothes intestinal discomfort and you can avoid the possibility of bone and health damage caused by overuse of digestion drugs. We all know how well aloe works externally on cuts, scrapes and burns. But did you know Acemannan has many of other health benefits?...

HELPS THE IMMUNE SYSTEM TO CALM INFLAMMATION

According to a leading aloe research, when correctly processed for digesting, the Aloe plant has a powerful component for regulating your immune system called Acemannan. So whether it’s damage that is physical, bacterial, chemical or autoimmune; the natural plant helps the body stay healthy.

RAPID ACID AND HEARTBURN NEUTRALIZER

Aloe has proved to have an astonishing effect on users who suffer with digestion problems like bouts of acid reflux, heartburn, cramping, gas and constipation because it acts as a natural acid buffer and soothes the digestive system. But new studies prove it does a whole lot more.

SIDE-STEP HEART CONCERNSSo you’ve been taking proton pump inhibitors

(PPI’s) for years and you feel just fine. In June of 2015 a major study shows that chronic PPI use increases the risk of heart attack in general population.

UNLEASH YOUR MEMORYStudies show that your brain needs the

healthy bacteria from your gut in order function at its best. Both low and high dosages of digestion drugs are proven to destroy that healthy bacteria and get in the way of brain function. So you’re left with a sluggish, slow-to-react brain without a lot of room to store information. The acemannan used in AloeCure actually makes your gut healthier, so healthy bacteria flows freely to your brain so you think better, faster and with a larger capacity for memory.

SLEEP LIKE A BABYA night without sleep really damages your

body. And continued lost sleep can lead to all sorts of health problems. But what you may not realize is the reason why you’re not sleeping. Some call it “Ghost Reflux”. A low-intensity form of acid reflux discomfort that quietly keeps you awake in the background. AloeCure helps digestion so you may find yourself sleeping through the night.

CELEBRITY HAIR, SKIN & NAILSCertain antacids may greatly reduce your

body’s ability to break down and absorb calcium. Aloe delivers calcium as it aids in balancing your stomach acidity. The result? Thicker, healthier looking hair…more youthful looking skin… And nails so strong they may never break again.

SAVE YOUR KIDNEY National and local news outlets are reporting

Kidney Failure linked to PPI’s. Your Kidney extracts waste from blood, balance body fluids, form urine, and aid in other important functions of the body. Without it your body would be overrun by deadly toxins. Aloe helps your kidney function properly. Studies suggest, if you started taking aloe today; you’d see a big difference in the way you feel.

GUARANTEED RESULTS OR DOUBLE YOUR MONEY BACK

Due to the incredible results people are reporting, AloeCure is being sold with an equally incredible guarantee.

“We can only offer this incredible guarantee because we are 100% certain this product will work for those who use it,” Says Dr. Leal.

Here’s how it works: Take the pill exactly as directed. You must see and feel remarkable improvements in your digestive health, your mental health, in your physical appearance, the amount inflammation you have throughout your body – even in your ability to fall asleep at night!

Otherwise, simply return the empty bottles with a short note about how you took the pills and followed the simple instructions and the company will send you...Double your money back!

HOW TO GET ALOECUREThis is the official nationwide release of the

new AloeCure pill in the United States. And so, the company is offering our readers up to 3 FREE bottles with their order.

This special give-away is available for readers of this publication only. All you have to do is call TOLL-FREE 1-800-746-2898 and provide the operator with the Free Bottle Approval Code: JC025. The company will do the rest.

Important: Due to AloeCure’s recent media exposure, phone lines are often busy. If you call and do not immediately get through, please be patient and call back.

Big Pharma stands to lose billions as doctors’ recommend drug-free “health cocktail” that adjusts and corrects your body’s health conditions.

Drug Companies Fear Release of the New AloeCure

THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE.

Analysts expect the AloeCure to put a huge crimp in “Big Pharma” profits.

Doctors call it “The greatest health discovery in decades!”

1-800-746-2898

December 2017 3

“The Rural Voice of Nebraska”

Volume 71, Number 12, December 2017

FeaturesIt’s Bald Eagle Viewing Time 6

Improve energy efficiency 14 Improvements can often increase the comfort level of a home.This is not easy to measure, but is one of the driving forces behindhome-weatherization efforts. There are several areas of the homethat can be improved easily, without breaking your budget.

Departments

On the coverA bald eagle soars through the air near Kingsley Dam. See the relatedarticle on Page 6. Photograph by Scott Casper

Contents

EDITOR’S PAGE 4

SAFETY BRIEFS — Murphy 16

CUT YOUR UTILITY BILLS by Pat Keegan 18

RECIPES 20

MARKETPLACE/CLASSIFIEDS 22

StaffEditor

Wayne PriceEditorial Assistant

Tina Schweitzer

Published by the

Visit us at www.nrea.orgGeneral ManagerKim Christiansen

PresidentDavid Keener,

Niobrara Electric Association, Inc.Vice President/Secretary

Butch Gray, Cornhusker Public Power District

TreasurerGreg Weidner,

Elkhorn Rural Public Power District

Published monthly by the Nebraska Rural ElectricAssociation, 1244 K Street, Box 82048, Lincoln,Nebraska 68501, (402) 475-4988.Advertising in the Rural Electric Nebraskan doesnot imply endorsement for products by theNebraska Rural Electric Association.Correspondence should be sent to Wayne Price,Editor, Rural Electric Nebraskan, Box 82048,Lincoln, NE 68501.The Rural Electric Nebraskan is printed by theAradius Group, 4700 F Street, Omaha, NE 68117.Form 3579 should be sent to the Rural ElectricNebraskan, Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501.Periodicals postage paid at Lincoln, Neb.POSTMASTER: send address changes to theRural Electric Nebraskan, 1244 K Street, Box82048, Lincoln, NE 68501.Publication numbers are USPS 071-630 and ISSN0193-4937.Rates: $10 for one year; $15 for two years; $20for three years, plus local and state tax.

Viewing bald eagles is an activity that never gets old, accordingto Mark Peyton, a retired Senior Biologist at Central NebraskaPublic Power and Irrigation District. He shares some of hisfavorite memories of watching bald eagles in Nebraska.

Rural Electric Nebraskan4

EDITOR’S PAGE

by Wayne Price

he public power industry in Nebraskawas created to provide affordable,reliable and safe electricity to every

citizen at a time when private powercompanies refused to do it because they sawno profit in serving rural areas. Public powerdistricts and electric cooperatives firmlybelieve that you, our members andconsumers, need to be at the heart ofeverything we do. We are proud of the factthat we are different from investor-ownedutilities like those in ourneighboring states, wherethe primary purpose is togenerate profit for theirstockholders. Many ofthose stockholders don’tlive in the communitiesserved by the utility. Whileour public power utilitiesmust of course generateenough revenue to coverour costs, profit is not ourprimary motive. Servingyou and your neighbors isour number one priority.

Our public power storyis about ordinary peoplethat banded together to improve the qualityof life by providing electricity to our ruralareas when no one else would do it. But thatwas more than 75 years ago. As we look tothe future, we once again need your activeparticipation in determining the future ofpublic power.

Your local rural electric utility welcomesyour input on what can be done to ensureyour needs are being met. You can attendtheir monthly board meeting, contact themthrough a website, or find them on Facebook.They want to hear from you when there’ssomething on your mind about your service.

Cooperatives can be found operating in justabout every type of business fromagriculture, housing, finance, health care,technology, small business, food and manymore. Co-ops, in some form, can be found inthe most rural to the most urban areas withthe support of people from all walks of life.

Every day, Nebraska’s public powerdistricts and electric cooperatives are hard at

work to make sure all of our consumers havethe electric power they need at the bestpossible price. And behind the scenes, theyare working with a network of utilities andcooperatives to make that happen.

Nebraska’s rural electric utilities areserved by Nebraska Public Power District orTri-State G&T, which creates the power andtransmits it into every county.

It also takes a lot of money to run anelectric utility, so when they need to borrow

capital, they turn to eitherthe National RuralUtilities CooperativeFinance Corporation(CFC) or CoBank. Both ofthese organizations arealso cooperatives. CFC isowned by public powerdistricts and electric co-ops throughout thecountry, and CoBank isowned by electric andagricultural co-opsnationwide.

As you know, everymonth your utilitygenerates an electric bill

that is sent to you either electronically orthrough regular mail. Rural electric utilitiesin Nebraska use National InformationSolutions Cooperative (NISC) orSoutheastern Data Cooperative (SEDC) toensure they can apply the latest technology,help lower your energy costs and send timely,accurate bills to you.

No business can operate without severaldifferent types of insurance, such as generalliability, auto and workmen’s compensation.So once again, along with other electriccooperatives across the country, manyutilities are members of Federated RuralElectric Insurance Exchange. This allows theutility to maintain reliable coverage at anaffordable price.

One thing you can absolutely count onfrom your locally owned electric utility: wewill never be moving to Mexico or China likeyou hear of so many other companies doing.We will always be local – right here andready to serve our consumers.

TServing you is the number one priority

December 2017 5

homas Edison displayed thefirst strand of electricChristmas lights in 1880

outside his Menlo Park, New Jerseylaboratory. Two years later, hispartner, Edward H. Johnson, hand-wired 80 red, white and blue bulbstogether and wrapped them aroundhis Christmas tree, mounted on arevolving motorized stand.

For more than a century,incandescent bulbs dominatedholiday lighting, but in less than 20years after their debut, lightemitting diodes (LEDs) have caughton with consumers and the waymany families decorate for theholidays.

“LED lighting products nowaccount for 60 percent of the holidayand seasonal lighting sold in theUnited States each year,” saidRobert S. La Rocca, businessdevelopment manager from theMelville, New York-based wire andcable/seasonal lighting division ofUnderwriters Laboratories.

Seasonal decorations are a $12billion annual market, which nowincludes consumer lighting,ornaments, inflatables, artificialtrees and table or mantle displays.LEDs are enticing consumers to buymore, and go bigger and brighter,even as they use far less energy.

“A typical 50-lamp incandescentlight set can operate up to 0.170amps or 20.4 watts. Based on this,and the requirements of theprevious version of the Standard forSafety of Seasonal and HolidayDecorative Products, known in theindustry as UL 588, you could onlyconnect three strings end-to-end.

“This was incredibly limiting,” saidLa Rocca. “Now, however, with thecurrent version of UL 588, allowingconnection of up to 216 watts end-to-end, and a 50 lamp LED light set

that typically operates at approx.0.020 amps or 2.4 watts, you cantechnically connect more than 50strings together.”

La Rocca added that consumersshould always check the cautionmarkings attached to the stringsand follow the provided instructionmanual, which advises the user howmany strings to connect together.

That means a 1,000-bulb string ofincandescent miniatures consumesabout 408 watts of energy comparedto an equal LED string’s 48 watts.Since most residential circuitsoperate at a maximum load of 15 to20 amps, up to three outlets mightbe needed for the incandescentstrings to prevent overload, whilethe LEDs would use a single outlet.

“A consumer can connect up to 25strings of LED mini-lights togetheron a single circuit,” said DennisKrize, senior vice president ofNicolas Holiday, Inc.

The Taiwan-based firm hasmanufactured seasonal lightingproducts for more than 50 years, andhas been a licensee for GE brandholiday lighting since 2000.Incandescent miniatures made theirfirst appearances in the late 1960s,and dominated the market fordecades, as costs declined.

“LED light strings may be moreexpensive initially, but the energysavings on some light strings willmore than offset the added costs intwo or three seasons,” said Krize.“Because they consume a lot lesspower, and the technology isconstantly improving, consumershave a lot more flexibility in howthey’re used and how often theydecorate.”

Twinkling icicles, lightedshrubbery netting, pre-lighted treesand wreaths, and LED projectionsystems are among a growing list offavorites.

Unitized fabricating, substitutionof plastic for glass, and solid-statecontrol boxes, have also improved

durability. Some designs featureprogrammable display patterns andcolor selections too.

Incandescent bulbs were rated toperform for up to 2,000 hours whileLEDs have been designed and testedto last 20,000 hours or more,” saidKrize.

While UL has not specificallytested lamps for longevity, productsmarked with the UL Holographiclabels have undergone a series oftesting related to mechanical,physical and electrical criteria.Product testing replicating the typesof stresses caused by wind, moistureand rough handling are alsoconducted on samples.

“These products are designed tolast a lot longer,” said UL’s La Rocca.He added that white or multicoloredlights used during the holidayseason, might reappear in greenaround St. Patrick’s Day, or bemoved to the patio for summerentertaining. Decorative lighting isnot just for Christmas anymore!

“I cannot say that an LED lightingstring will last longer than anincandescent lighting string, but Ican tell you that a lighting stringprovided with the EnergyStar logomust come with a specified warrantybacked by the manufacturer. Thosemarked with EnergyStar labels arereplaceable within a designatedperiod,” said La Rocca. He added,that because LEDs produce little orno heat, the temperature concernsmay be reduced, however, theconsumer should always look for theUL logo on seasonal and holidaylighting to be sure that the productswere tested by UL.

Although UL 588 is a voluntarystandard, the U.S. ConsumerProduct Safety Commissionrequires that manufacturers ofseasonal lighting products meet thespecific sections described in UL588, the Standard for Safety ofSeasonal and Holiday DecorativeProducts.

LEDs help cut cost of Christmas cheer

T

by Derrill Holly

Rural Electric Nebraskan6

vividly remember the first bald eagle I’d ever seen. It was in the mid‘60’s and there just weren’t that many around. I was with my Mom andDad and Doris Gates. Miss Gates, as I still called her, and always will,

was my mentor as a biologist and the guru of ornithology in Nebraska at thetime. She was President of the Nebraska Ornithological Union, Editor of theirscientific journal, and a teacher at Chadron State College. My father was alsoemployed at CSC and he was always willing to do anything in the “out ofdoors”, as he called it. My Mom took ornithology from Miss. Gates who wasone of those teachers who was always teaching regardless of the time, place,or age of the students. When a 9-year-old wanted to tag along on the collegeornithology field trips, her answer was always “Yes.”

Miss Gates heard there was a pair of adult bald eagles spending time aroundWalgren Lake south-east of Hay Springs, Neb. She called Mom and asked ifwe wanted to take a Saturday morning field trip and see if we could find thebirds. Of course we did!

It was a cold, windy, and generally miserable day but we went anyway.

I

It’s Bald EagleViewing TimeBY MARK PEYTON PHOTOGRAPHS BY SCOTT CASPER

Even with the top up, Miss Gates’Oldsmobile convertible was cold anddrafty, but it was worth the tripbecause the two eagles were in a treeabout 50 yards from the parking lotat the lake. Parked there with thetop down Mom and I could see just aswell from the back seat as Dad andMiss Gates could from the front.

How exciting. Put this intoperspective, it was years before theEndangered Species Act was signedand years before DDT was banned inthe U.S. The bald eagle populationwas continuing to decline. Oncenumbering in the hundreds ofthousands of individuals, by the ‘60’sthere were only 1,000 – 2,000 in thelower 48 States. They hadn’tsuccessfully nested in Nebraskasince the 1800’s. In January of 1976a census of eagles conducted inNebraska counted only about 60.

DDT was, and I guess is, anexcellent pesticide for killingmosquitoes, flies, and other bugs.The problem is that it doesn’t breakdown when metabolized by the bugs.The dying bugs are easy prey for fishin lakes, rivers and streams. TheDDT builds up in the fish and theystart to die. Bald eagles and otherfish eating birds are more thanwilling to eat sick fish…in fact theyprefer sick and dying fish as they areeasier to catch!

The DDT started to build up in theeagles and other birds causingproblems with their ability to secretecalcium around eggs just prior tolaying the egg. The thinner shellsbroke easily and successfulreproduction by eagles almost cameto a standstill. Along with the baldeagles we saw dramatic decreases inpopulations of peregrine falcons,brown pelicans, and osprey. Theseother species, since the banning ofthe use of DDT, like the bald eagle,have made dramatic comebacks.

I grew up and like my mother, tookornithology from Miss Gates. I alsoworked as her lab aide for a couple ofyears before graduating from CSCand accepting a job teaching scienceand coaching at Ewing. My wife andI bought a trailer and put it on a lot

about 100 yards from the ElkhornRiver. I would spend my weekendafternoons walking up and down theriver hunting or just looking around.To my excitement a pair of baldeagles chose that stretch of the riverto spend their winters.

From Ewing I made my way toGothenburg. There I was pleased tofind that during the winter thePlatte River was a magnet to baldeagles. I located a communal roostsouth of town and spend hours lying

December 2017 7

More on Page 8

in the snow by road kill deercarcasses trying to get decentphotographs of the birds.

I participated in a number of mid-winter bald eagle surveys walkingthe river from Gothenburg to Cozad.I would see 10 – 20 eagles in the 10miles walk. Then the CentralNebraska Public Power andIrrigation District opened the J2Hydroelectric Power Plant south ofLexington to the public.

Water diverted from the PlatteRiver at North Platte is routedthought the Tri-county supply canaluntil 75 miles later, south ofLexington it is either returned to thePlatte (winter) or used to irrigateover 100,000 acres (summer). Alongthe way the water passes through 26lakes ranging in size from a fewacres to Johnson Lake south ofLexington. The Nebraska Game andParks Commission regularly stocksthe lake with game fish as well asgizzard shad to act as food for thosegame fish.

When Johnson Lake ices over andthe water starts to get cold the shadget on the move. They follow the flowof the water. The problem for the fishis that the water must first gothrough two hydroelectric powerplants before it gets to the river. Atthe outlet to Johnson Lake is the J1Plant and six miles further down thecanal is the J2 Plant. As the fishpass through the plant a couple ofbad things can happen. First, thespinning turbine blades of the plantregularly slice and dice the largerfish into bite sized pieces. Secondly,the water drops 142 feet from abovethe plant, through the plant, andthen below the plant. The rapidchange in pressure as the fish travelthrough the plant is tremendous andswim bladders, small sacks of airthat help the fish with buoyancy, canbreak resulting in the death of thefish.

Sitting in the trees below the

plants the bald eagles await an easymeal. As noted earlier, in 1976 therewere only 60 counted throughoutNebraska. In December of 1989 Icounted that many from the windowsof the J2 Power Plant. I was hooked.I wrangled a part-time job workingat the plant during the weekends;which expanded into a part-timesummer job freeing me from theirrigation duties on my father-in-law’s farm. From there I went to afull time position as the SeniorDistrict Biologist at Central, aposition I held for 22 years beforeretiring.

Things have really changed duringthat time. Two years after I firstwent to work at the plant the firstsuccessful bald eagle nest of thecentury in Nebraska wasdocumented. In 2016, the year of myretirement, the Nebraska Game andParks Commission eagle nest-monitoring program tallied 159active bald eagle nests throughoutthe State. I watched a pair of baldeagles (at least I assume it was thesame pair) make nests in fourdifferent trees southwest of Overtonover six years; successfully raisingchicks in five of those years.

What I found interesting is thatusually eagles will lay two eggs andraise one chick unless food isabundant and then they cansuccessfully raise two chicks. In fourof the five years that I watched theeagle nest located south-west ofOverton the adults were able to findand bring home enough food forthree chicks to survive! The food?Carp and other large fish found inthe Platte River. Another interestingthing is that eagles tend to use thesame nest over and over again. Whythey continue to move around southof Overton is a question because twoof the four nests are still there. Onetoppled when floodwatersundermined the roots of the treewhere the nest was located and thetree fell into the river, and just lastspring the wind took the tree downthat held an active nest resulting inthe loss of two chicks.

Today there are so many more bald

eagles and you now see them all yeararound, and maybe because of thatI’ve become a little calloused to theirpresence. My cousin came up fromTexas to see my mom and I took herout to see the eagles. She was hopingto see a few. I knew we would seequite a few. Neither of us expected tosee the numbers that we did see. Wecounted. By the time we quit we hadseen 167 individual eagles and Ireally enjoyed the excitement mycousin was experiencing.

One hundred sixty-seven eaglesisn’t a record by any means. We hadto drive around and find them inclumps of four and five, or even onein a tree. The record for Nebraska,as far as I know, is from LakeOgallala where over 300 could becounted from one location! The weekbefore my cousin and I were out, over200 were counted on the ice atJohnson Lake…again from only twolocations. The waitress at the resortwhere we ate lunch even commentedon there not being as many eagles asa few weeks ago.

We also stopped by the J2 – EagleViewing facility at the J2 PowerPlant south of Lexington, andwatched the birds there. It was thelast weekend of the season, but still,a lot of birds. The viewing facilitieswill open again this year, so if youare like my Mom, Dad, and MissGates and are open for a Saturdaymorning field trip to see a bald eagle,either there or the eagle viewingfacility at Lake Ogallala are theplaces to go. I can assure you that itwill be much warmer sitting insidethe building than it was for me in theback of that old blue convertible!

Note: The J2 Eagle Viewing Facility,located south of Lexington, Neb., andbelow the dam at Lake McConaughynorth of Ogallala, Neb., will be openstarting Saturday, December 23rdthrough March 4th. The facilitieswill be open from 8:00 A.M. – 2:00P.M. CST. To get to the facilities justfollow the signs. Typically there aremore eagles and they are more activeearlier in the day so come early if youcan.

Rural Electric Nebraskan8

Bald Eagle ViewingFrom page 7

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Rural Electric Nebraskan10

oal-fired power plants areclosing. Homeowners withrooftop solar panels are selling

unused electricity back to their utility.Windfarms are springing up acrossthe Great Plains. Fracking and otherdrilling techniques have cut the costof natural gas by more than half since2002, and doubled the amount ofelectricity generated by natural gas.

What does all this mean for thenation’s network of wires and powerplants otherwise known as the electricgrid? The answer lies within a newreport from the U.S. Department ofEnergy, says Pam Silberstein, seniordirector of power supply for theNational Rural Electric CooperativeAssociation.

“It’s incredibly well-written, well-researched, very thorough, verycomprehensive,” says Silberstein. “It’sa well put-together compilation of thestate of the grid.”

DOE’s August 2017 Staff Report tothe Secretary on Electric Markets and

Reliability describes the complex stateof the electric grid and goes into greatdetail on how utility trends mightaffect the price and availability ofelectricity. It highlights theimportance of retraining coal andnuclear power workers, and the effectsthat renewable energy has on thestability and reliability of the existingelectric utility system.

Better reliabilityAnother way to describe the report:

If someone decided that every highschool student should understandhow the nation’s system of electricwires and power plants works, thisstudy would make a good textbook.

Silberstein sees the grid study as areport that puts in one place all thechanges affecting utilities and whatthose changes might mean. She says,“We’re asking our utility systems tomeet a lot of demands they haven’tbeen asked to do before.”

The study is a quick-turnaround

response to an April 14 memo fromEnergy Secretary Rick Perry to DOE’schief of staff to “explore critical issuescentral to protecting the long-termreliability of the electric grid.”

Plenty has changed for electricutilities over the past 20 years, andthis DOE study describes that newlandscape with enough detail to satisfythe most hard-core energy nerd:

• About 15 percent of the nation’spower plants have been retired since2002, mainly coal and nuclear plants.That trend is expected to continue dueto low natural gas prices, slowergrowth in demand for electricity,environmental regulations and moresolar and wind power. While newgenerating capacity from sourcesincluding natural gas and renewableenergy has amounted to about threetimes the plant retirements, thatradical change in the energy mixrequires new ways of managing theflow of electricity from the powerplants where it is made, to the homes

C

of modern electricity

by Paul Wesslund

The encyclopedia encyclopedia

December 2017 11

and businesses where it is used.• People are demanding better reliability

in their electricity; enough that utilitieshave supplemented their goals of reliabilitywith a new term, “resilience.” Basically thatmeans being able to get the lights back onfaster after a natural disaster. That hasutilities experimenting with things likeutility-scale storage batteries, and moreprecise targeting of which customers shouldget power restored first.

• A lot of states are passing RenewablePortfolio Standards that mandate levels ofgreen energy, creating a patchwork ofrequirements in the national grid.

• New and growing additions to theelectric grid are changing the way it needsto be managed. Those new power sourcesinclude rooftop solar panels that sellelectricity back to the utility, natural gasplants that require new pipelines, solar andwind farms in remote areas that need to beconnected with new transmission lines, and“demand response programs” in whichutilities can turn off home water heatersand air conditioners for short periodsduring times of peak demand.

Recommendations from the studyinclude:

• Updating the pricing arrangementsthat govern the buying and selling ofelectricity

• Improving disaster preparedness• Reviewing regulations that limit the

growth of power generation, especially forcoal, nuclear, and hydroelectricity

• Focusing on workforce development asenergy workers face a changing energymarketplace.

• Modernizing the software that manageselectricity transmission

• Coordinating with Canada and Mexicoto enhance electric reliability across all ofNorth America

The study also notes the importance ofcybersecurity to the electric grid, but saidthat would be addressed in an upcomingjoint report from the Department of Energyand the Department of Homeland Security.

Paul Wesslund writes on cooperative issuesfor the National Rural Electric CooperativeAssociation, the Arlington, Va.-based servicearm of the nation’s 900-plus consumer-owned, not-for-profit public power districtsand electric cooperatives.

By Patrick Pope NPPD PRESIDENT & CEO

In late 2006 and early 2007, ice, snow and wind storms pummelled

the state damaging or destroying 37 NPPD transmission line segments and 18 substations. Utility systems of several NPPD wholesale customers were also severely damaged. All in all, tens of thousands of Nebraskans lost power, some for several weeks. Public power crews worked around-the-clock, completing a signi�cant rebuild in just four months.

In 2012, it was not cold, but hot, dry weather that wreaked havoc on the power grid in north central Nebraska. Temperatures rose above 100 degrees for more than 10 days in a row, with no precipitation, causing NPPD to reach performance limits on an already strained section of our high-voltage system. As a result, we had to ask some of our wholesale utilities to reduce their energy usage to prevent a cascading event.

It is these types of real-life scenarios, along with additional load growth in the north central portion of the state, that is driving the need for more transmission.

At the time, NPPD brought in mobile generators to address voltage issues on the system. In 2016, we connected a 39-mile transmission line segment from Hoskins to Neligh. �e �nal solution is connecting a longer transmission line segment known as the R-Project. �is 225-mile line would start at NPPD’s Gerald Gentleman Station, connect to an existing substation in �edford, Nebraska, and end at an interconnection point in Holt county.

NPPD began looking at where to site the power line more than �ve years ago. We started with a study area totaling more than 7,000 square-miles in 14 counties and then worked with landowners to create potential routes. Approximately 2,500 comments and more than 50 di�erent project criteria were reviewed in great detail before selecting a �nal line route in early 2015.

Since then, NPPD has continued working with landowners to seek property access, including easements, and discuss placement of structures on their land.

�e District has also applied for an environmental permit with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. �is permit is needed before construction begins. We have heard from several people who are not pleased the line needs to go through the Sandhills. We understand their concerns. If there was another way to solve NPPD’s reliability issues without taking this path, we would do it. But the fact is, growing electricity needs in north central Nebraska require us to build in this area.

Constructing new power lines is never easy. We chose to be the entity in charge of this project because we live and work here, too. We take great pride in the quality of our work, and respect those we serve. We know there are concerns about restoring land a�er construction. NPPD already operates many miles of power lines in the Sandhills, and across the state, but we are hiring an individual dedicated solely to right-of-way restoration. I expect this person to work directly with individual landowners to determine the best restoration methods for their particular situation.

By working together, we can deliver a be er product while ensuring power is there when customers need it now, and in the future.

Ensuring Reliable Service: What it Takes

As a Nebraskan, I enjoy living in a state that celebrates the “good life.” Electricity plays a big role in powering the items we use every day. It’s also a key reason why we take our role of serving customers with reliable service seriously. Customers continuously tell us power reliability is their NUMBER ONE careabout. Nebraska currently ranks third nationally for shortest outage response time, while NPPD has transmission reliability of 99.99 percent. This helps ensure the stability our customers expect and deserve.

Nebraska is the only state in the U.S. where every single home and business receives electric service from locally-owned utilities such as municipal utilities, electric cooperatives or public power districts. This public power structure is also one reason electricity is so reliable in Nebraska. Should a power interruption occur, our customers can be assured we will work to restore service in a timely and ef cient manner.

MUTUAL AID IN AND OUT OF NEBRASKAWhen storms happen, you will nd crews lining up to help one another restore services, as needed. Public power crews are also committed to answering the call outside of the state as shown by this NPPD team who spent two weeks restoring electricity in Florida following hurricane Irma. Mutual aid efforts were also provided by other Nebraska utilities including Lincoln Electric System, Omaha Public Power District, Grand Island Utilities and Loup Power District.

In the distance of this photo taken near Thedford, a transmission line carries electricity to where it is needed. Load growth in north central Nebraska requires NPPD to build an additional power line to address reliability concerns and serve as an alternate path should Mother Nature strike.

Rural Electric Nebraskan14

here are two ways to measureenergy efficiencyimprovements. The first is the

payback period. This is theamount of time thatthe improvementwill pay for itself.The second iscomfort.Improvements canoften increase thecomfort level of a home. This isnot easy to measure, but is oneof the driving forces behindhome-weatherization efforts.There are several areas of thehome that can be improved easily,without breaking your budget.

LightingRecent months have seen a steadydecline in the price of LED bulbs forresidential consumers. 60W LEDlamps can be purchased at many boxretailers for $5 or less, and some areselling on Amazon.com for as little as$2! LEDs should save 60 percent or

more compared to incandescentbulbs and last for several years. Careshould be taken when selecting abulb for a fixture that uses adimmer as not all dimmers willwork with LEDs.

Heating and airconditioningThe Energy InformationAgency estimates thatheating and airconditioning account for22 percent of a typicalhome’s annual electricbill. Options such as anair source heat pump ora ground source heatpump can be 20 to 45percent more efficientthan the existingheating or cooling

system in the averagehome. However, the upfront

cost is often a barrier to adoption. Simple solutions such as changing

air filters at least every 3 months

(more often would be better!) willincrease airflow to rooms, increasethe life of the HVAC unit’s motor andimprove the air quality of the home.Sealing and insulting ductwork canbe done in a weekend and results inenergy savings of up to 20 percent.To lessen the amount of work thatheating and cooling systems need todo, it is important to find and seal airleaks. To find leaks, walk aroundyour house on a cold day and feel fordrafts around exterior doors andwindows, electric outlets andentrance points for TV and telephonecables. In basements, target dryervents, gas lines or any place with anopening in the wall. To seal leaks,apply caulk, spray foam or weatherstripping to these areas.

Simple acts such as cookingoutdoors on a hot summer day orkeeping curtains closed to keep outsummer sun will keep the interior ofyour home cooler and reduce theamount of time AC units need tooperate.

T

Improve energy

efficiencywithout

breaking the bank

December 2017 15

Appliances and electronicsThe appliances and gadgets thatmake life easier are also the largestusers of electricity in our homes.When buying a new appliance, lookfor the EnergyStar label. That simpleact can result in 10 to 15 percentsavings in energy consumption.Some states have adoptedEnergyStar holidays where sales taxis waived on the purchase ofqualifying EnergyStar-ratedappliances.

Simple household tips include:• Cleaning lint traps on dryers

and not over drying clothes willsave energy and extend thelife of your clothes.

• Replacing wornrefrigerator gasket doorswill stop cool air fromleaking from therefrigerator.

• Clean refrigerator coilsand keep refrigerators awayfrom heat generating appliancessuch as an oven.

Home electronics, like computers,TVs, DVD players and other modern

devices, consume powereven when turned

off. This isknown as a

parasiticload or

by themore

playful term“energy

vampire.” According to astudy conducted by the

Lawrence BerkeleyNational Laboratory, the

average home loses 8 percentof its monthly energy

consumption to these energyvampires. A full 75 percent of the

power used to run homeelectronics is consumed when those

appliances are turned off, accordingto the U.S. Department of Energy.Cutting off power by using a powerstrip or a smart strip is the best wayto stop this senseless loss of energy.

Ceiling fans can help save energyall year long! In the summer, fansshould rotate counter clockwise topush air down creating a coolingflow. In the winter, fans should rotateclockwise to help draw cool air uptoward the ceiling and push thewarm air that naturally rises downto you and your family.

In many homes, attic insulation isone of easiest, least expensive andmost effective ways to reduce yourenergy use. Check with your localelectric utility to find out how muchinsulation is right for your climate.In colder regions, a properlyinsulated attic also reduces thechance of ice dams.

The best energy efficiencyimprovements are often the easiest.Turning lights off when leaving aroom, sealing windows and doors andcleaning refrigerator coils isn’t asmuch fun as buying a shiny newappliance. But these simple tasks areproven ways to save energy andincrease comfort on a budget.

Rural Electric Nebraskan16

SAFETY BRIEFS

Look out for dangerous galloping power linesalloping power lines maysound ridiculous, but theyreally do occur and can be

very dangerous. These lines canbounce and buck enough to hitanother line, damage themselvesenough to cause a power outage, oreven fall to the ground. The most common cause ofgalloping lines is ice that builds upon one side of a power line as a resultof strong winds. This buildup createsan airfoil, which changes the flow ofair around the normally round line.This change in air flow can cause thepower line to start to bounce. Once galloping starts, there is notmuch a power company can do toalleviate it until winds die down.This is why many power lines haveobjects, like twisted wire or round orangular pieces of metal attached tothe line. These are devices placed onpower lines to help reduce thegalloping of lines and preventpotential danger. If you encounter galloping lines,stay away, warn others to stay away,and contact your utility. In additionto the possibility of power outages,there is a danger of the lines or other

electrical equipment breaking looseand falling and of ice being dislodgedfrom the lines and falling to theground. Storms at any time of the year canpack damaging winds, which canknock down power lines and blowtrees and limbs onto power lines,which can cause power outages. TheSafe Electricity program encouragesyou to keep the following safety tipsin mind after a wind storm: • When you see power lines on theground, stay away, warn others to stayaway, and contact the electric utilityor 911. Lines do not have to be arcing

or sparking to be live. • Any utility wire, includingtelephone or cable lines which aresagging or down, could be in contactwith an energized power line alsomaking them dangerous. So stayaway from all lines. • Be alert to the possibility thattree limbs or debris may hide anelectrical hazard. Downed power linescan energize objects around it, such aschain link fences and metal culverts. • Keep in mind that a line that is“dead” could still become energizedduring power restoration efforts orimproper use of generators. • Never drive over a downed line. Itcould cause poles or other equipmentto come crashing down. • If you are in a car that has comein contact with a downed power line,stay in your vehicle. Wait until theutility crew has arrived and de-energized the line. Warn others not toapproach the car. Only exit the car inthe case of fire; and, in doing so, besure to jump out and away from thecar with both feet together. Then hopaway while continuing to keep bothfeet together.Source: SafeElectricity.org

G

Strong winter winds can cause iceto build up on one side of a powerline, causing them to bounce.

Bene�tting Future Generations

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Rural Electric Nebraskan18

: My water heater is 15 years old.About how long should it last?

Are there things I can do to maintainit and make it more efficient? Orshould I just replace it?

: It’s hard to say how long yourwater heater will last. Certified

home inspectors estimate the life spanto be about 10 years. Somemanufacturers suggest 12 to 13 years,but I had a water tank that lastedmore than 40 years before the heatingelement finally gave out. That said, it’swise to replace a water heater beforeit fails because sometimes failureincludes a ruptured tank or a massiveleak that can do a lot of damage. The life span of a conventionalwater heater (one with a tank)depends on factors such as the volumeof water cycled through it, thehardness (mineral content) of thewater and the tank’s interior coating.Many water heaters come with awarranty as long as 12 years.Presumably, a longer warrantyindicates higher quality and thechances of longer life. Thesewarranties usually only cover the costof a replacement tank; they typicallydo not include the cost of labor toinstall it or the costs from flooddamage if the tank fails. There are a few warning signs thatyour water heater tank or heatingelement may be failing: • Water leaking from the tank orpooling on the floor underneath it • Rust, corrosion or mineraldeposits around fittings or releasevalves • The water temperature from yourfaucets is dropping Most experts believe that animportant water heater maintenance

practice is to drain the tank everyyear or two. Allstate.com provides anexcellent step-by-step guide. However,if your tank has not been drained inthe past six to seven years, you shouldavoid doing so because draining couldremove sediment in such a way that aleak could develop.

Here are a few simple steps you cantake to increase the efficiency of yourwater heater: • Insulate the first six to 10 feet ofeasily-accessed hot water line whereit exits the tank. • If the tank is warm to the touch oris in a cold location like your garage,consider insulating it with a heaterblanket. But first, check the owner’smanual to make sure doing so won’tvoid the warranty. If you have a gas or

propane water heater, be careful theblanket doesn’t block the unit’s airsupply. • Keep your water temperature to120 degrees or less. This will help yousave money on your heating bill andensure longer life for pipes andgaskets. Keep safety in mind. If you have agas or propane water heater, protectyour family from the “silent killer” ofcarbon monoxide gas. Pick up acarbon monoxide detector from thehardware store and install it near theheater. Opportunities to save money onyour hot water budget aboundthroughout the house. Showering usesalmost 17 percent of our indoor wateruse, so you can save money byinstalling efficient shower heads.Replacing older dishwashers andwashing machines with more efficientmodels will also reduce your energybills. You should repair any leakyfaucets, as a drip every second can addup to $35 a year. When it’s time to purchase a newwater heater, there are many optionsavailable. Be sure to check with yourpublic power district or electric co-op.Some rural electric utilities offerrebates on energy efficient models.Others offer incentives for waterheaters with large tanks or to installa switch that can be triggeredremotely to turn the water heater offfor brief periods of high energydemand.

CUT YOUR UTILITY BILLS

When should you replace your water heater?

by Pat Keegan

Q

A

Mineral deposits on pressurerelease valves or corrosion on fittingscoming out of the water heater aresigns of leakage that should beaddressed. Photograph by Jim Troth

Installing a carbon monoxidedetector near your natural gas orpropane water heater is a criticalsafety measure.

December 2017 19

Tips for Weathering Winter Stormsinter storms can causehazardous road conditions,downed power lines, and

extended power outages. SafeElectricity shares tips on preparingfor and safely weathering winterstorms.

If the power goes out, notify yourutility of the outage. Have anemergency kit prepared to help youand your family weather the stormand the outage safely andcomfortably. Some of the items thiskit should include are bottled water,non-perishable food, flashlights, aweather radio and extra batteries.

If you are using an alternativeheating source during an outage,know how to use it safely and have allsupplies for it gathered. To help youand your family stay warm during anoutage, dress warmly, cover windowsat night, close off unneeded rooms,and place draft blocks at the bottomof doors.

Only venture outside if absolutelynecessary. Downed power lines couldbe submerged in snow and ice,making them difficult to see. If youmust go outside, use caution and treatall downed and hanging lines as ifthey are energized. Stay away, warnothers to stay away, and immediatelycontact your utility.

If travel is necessary, be especiallycautious driving, and keep anemergency kit in your vehicle. Its

supplies should include a windshieldscraper, a first aid kit, a cell phonecharging adaptor, booster cables, ablanket, and a flashlight with extrabatteries.

Never drive over a downed linebecause that could pull down the poleand other equipment, causingadditional hazards. If you see adowned line, do not get out of your car.The safest place is inside the vehicle.Contact the utility immediately.

W Before a storm ever begins, tune into your local weather service forthe weather forecast. It is important to know the differences amongvarious watches and warnings.Winter Storm Watches signify that stormy conditions, including heavy snow,freezing rain, or sleet, are likely within the next few days. You should be alert,as this means adverse conditions could begin within the next 12 to 48 hours. Winter Storm Warnings call for stormy conditions to begin within the next 24hours. Those in the range of the warning should be mindful of the impendingconditions and consider canceling plans to travel outside of the home. Blizzard Warnings advise those in the affected areas to seek refugeimmediately due to high levels of snow, strong winds, and resulting near-zerovisibility to those traveling on the road.

Rural Electric Nebraskan20

t times, spending hours in thekitchen can be a relaxing,enjoyable experience.

However, even for avid home cooks, abusy weeknight isn’t one of thosetimes. Fortunately, solutions likesheet pan suppers make it easy tocreate dishes with exceptional flavordepth that come together quickly andclean up just as fast. Keeping a variety of vegetables onhand makes it simple to pull togethera family meal. Onions, for example,are versatile, flavorful, easy to store,have a long shelf-life and areavailable year-round from U.S.growers. An added benefit whencooking with onions is that you’reserving up a good source of fiber. For more tasty recipes to makesupper a cinch, visit onions-usa.organd usaonions.com.

Down Home Recipes

Use a sheet pan to create family meals

A

1 large yellow onion, diced1/2 large green bell pepper, diced1/2 large yellow bell pepper, diced1/2 large red bell pepper, diced3 stalks celery, sliced or diced2 garlic cloves, minced

1-2 jalapenos, seeded and diced1 pint cherry tomatoes3 tablespoons olive oil, divided

1/2 teaspoon salt1/2 teaspoon black pepper1 link (13.5 ounces) Andouille

sausage, sliced1 pound large shrimp, peeled

and deveined1 tablespoon Cajun seasoning

blendlinguine noodles, cooked according to package directions

1-2 lemons, sliced in thin wedges2 green onions, sliced

fresh chopped parsley

Heat oven to 400 F. Line 13-by-18-inch sheet pan with

parchment paper. In large bowl, combine onion, bell

peppers, celery, garlic, jalapenos,tomatoes, 2 tablespoons olive oil, saltand pepper until evenly combined.Spread out evenly on pan in singlelayer. Add slices of Andouille sausage.Roast 15-20 minutes, or untilvegetables are tender and start tobrown.

Toss shrimp with Cajun seasoningand prepare linguine noodles.

When ready, remove baking sheetfrom oven. Place shrimp on top ofvegetable and sausage mixture insingle layer. Top with half the lemonwedges. Return to oven and cook about5-8 minutes, or until shrimp is nolonger pink.

Serve over linguine garnished withgreen onions and parsley withremaining fresh lemon wedges on side.

Spicy Sheet Pan Roasted Jambalaya

All About Onions Knowing how to buyonions can make themsuperstars in your kitchen.Growers and shippers of theNational Onion Associationand Idaho-Eastern OregonOnion Committee offer thesetips:

When shopping, buyonions with dry outer skins,free of spots or blemishes.The onion should be firm andhave no scent. Avoid bulbsthat have begun to sprout. Yellow, red and whiteonions are available year-round from producers in theUnited States.

December 2017 21

Reader Submitted Recipes

8-10 chicken legs1 fennel bulb1 large yellow onion, sliced1 large red onion, sliced2 garlic cloves, sliced3 medium-sized potatoes,

cubed1 orange (1/4 cup juice and

zest)1/4 teaspoon thyme, dried2 tablespoons olive oil1 teaspoon sea salt

1/2 teaspoon black pepper2 tablespoons fresh chopped

parsleyorange rind curlsbrown rice, cooked according to package directionsquinoa, cooked according to package directions

Heat oven to 400 F. Line large sheetpan with parchment paper.

Place chicken legs on pan. Spreadfennel, yellow onion, red onion, garlicand potatoes around and in betweenlegs.

In small bowl, whisk togetherorange juice and zest, thyme andolive oil. Pour mixture over chickenand vegetables. Season with salt andpepper.

Roast 45 minutes, or until chickenis cooked through and vegetables aretender. Cook rice and quinoa.

Garnish chicken with parsley andorange curls. Serve over brown riceand quinoa.

Drumstick-QuinoaSheet Pan Supper

Chocolate Cinnamon Buns 3/4 cup warm water 1 package active dry yeast 1/4 cup shortening 1 teaspoon salt

1/4 cup sugar 1 egg 1/3 cup cocoa2 1/4 cups flour

Bev Young, Dannebrog, Nebraska

Christmas Salad

Luella Petersen, Bancroft, Nebraska

Blizzard Party Mix 2 cups Rice Chex cereal 1 cup dry roasted peanuts 2 cups mini pretzel sticks 20 caramels cut into 1/4th's 1 10 oz. package white chocolate chips

Kelli Fischer, Humphrey, Nebraska

Put all dry ingredients in a bowl. Melt the chips and pour over dryingredients and stir to coat. Spread mixture on a wax paper covered sheetpan. When cooled and hardened, break apart into small pieces.

3 bananas (crushed) 1 20 oz. can crushed pineapple (drained) 1 can cranberry sauce 1 large package cherry Jello 1 small container sour cream

Mix bananas, pineapple and cranberry sauce in a large bowl. Use thesaved juice from the pineapple and add water to make one cup. Put in asauce pan and bring to a boil. Add large package of Jello, stir untildissolved. Cool then mix with other ingredients. Pour 1/2 of Jello mixturein a 9” X 12” cake pan. Refrigerate until set. Spread with a small containerof sour cream. Pour the other 1/2 of Jello mixture over sour cream. Put inrefrigerator until set and ready to serve.

Dissolve yeast in warm water. Add shortening, salt, sugar, egg, cocoa and1 cup flour. Beat 2 minutes on medium speed or by hand 300 strokes. Mixin remaining flour, cover with cloth. Let rise to double in bulk, about onehour. Stir down by beating 25 strokes. Turn dough out on well flouredboard and roll into rectangle 12 X 9 inches. Spread with butter, cinnamonand sugar, roll up and cut in 12 pieces. Place in greased pan and let riseuntil doubled in bulk. Bake at 375 degrees for 25 minutes. Remove frompan and frost immediately with 3/4 cup powdered sugar moistened withmilk or cream. Sprinkle with nuts. My late mother-in-law found this recipein a 1905 magazine.

Rural Electric Nebraskan22

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