December 22nd, 2017 Economic Times And PIB Compilation For ...

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December 22nd, 2017

Economic Times And PIB Compilation

For CSE-2018

Preliminary Special:

1. United nations Security Council held its first ever session in

A. 26 January, 1948

B. 17 January, 1946

C. 17 January, 1949

D. 17 January, 1944

2. Which of the following is one of the United Nations' six principal organs

A. World Food Programme

B. UNESCO

C. Economic and Social Council

D. World Bank Group

3. Blue Flag Project is related to :

A. Turtle Preservation

B. Promoting Aquaculture

C. Beach Cleaning



D. Provision for conservation of marine corridor for special purpose.

4. Read the statements carefully

A. Ministry of rural development is the launching the project Ganga Gram to priotirise the development of villages on the

bank of River Ganga.

B. Ganga Gram Project is part of NamamiGangeProject .

i) Only A is correct

ii) Only B is correct

iii) Both A and B are Wrong

iv) Neither A nor B are wrong.

v)

5. Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding the State of World‟s Children Report:

a. Its title is Children and Education and it is published by UNICEF

b. Poverty is one of the reason behind Digital Gender Gap.

i) A only

ii) B only

iii) Both A and B

iv) None of the above.

1. Burning Issues In UN

Reform of the Security Council

continued to move at a snail's pace



countries like India, Brazil, Germany and Japan, and the third world countries which are asking that the composition of

the 15-membered body be reflective of the ground realities of the 21st century and not the mid-20th century.

India’s Rise:

India was perhaps the only country at the United Nations to have won three major elections in one calendar year. closely-fought election at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the UN's primary judicial branch, India showed

the ground realities and changing power dynamics of the 21st century.

India's nominee Justice Dalveer Bhandari was declared re-elected for a fresh nine-year term at the ICJ after Britain withdrew its candidate Christopher Greenwood from the race about an hour before the scheduled voting.

DrNeeru Chadha become the first Indian woman to be elected as a Judge to the International Tribunal for the Law

of the Sea (ITLOS), for a nine-year term from 2017-2026.

India obtained 183 votes to be re- elected to Economic and Social Council or ECOSOC, which is one of the six main organs of the UN.

India continued to be among the top three contributors to the UN peacekeeping operations Prime Minister NarendraModi joined the "Circle of Leadership" which Guterres has set up with global leaders to be

supportive on sexual exploitation and abuse in areas of conflict and peacekeeping.

Except for China, four of the five permanent members of the Security Council - the US, the UK, France and Russia - have endorsed India's bid for the Security Council.

Pakistan’s isolation :

For the second consecutive year, there were no takers for its Kashmir agenda and Pakistan emerged as a lonely voice.

It was only a media bubble and not a UN issue.

Migration:



a big issue at the UN from an intergovernmental perspective. While the United States has pulled out of it .

This is an important issue for India, as it is a country with largest number of migrants abroad.

India has topped the list of people living abroad at 17 million with about five million Indians residing in the Gulf region alone.

Topic : Role of women and women's organization

Digital Gender Gap:

Digital Gender Gap reflects the difference between the numbers of male users and female users of Internet. It is recently showed in the UNICEF report titled “ State of the World’s Children 2017: Children in a digital world”

Women constitute over 48.5 percent of Indian population.

Globally 12 percent more men used the internet than women in 2017. Less than 1/3rd of India‟s total interest users, i.e. 29%, are females.

Digitalisation of economy And Women:

Recently, India has made a public push towards a more digitalised economy, including reducing dependency on physical cash.

Girls and women remain digitally illiterate, they risk becoming further marginalised in society and at home.

Digital gender divide is caused by a number of factors

Societal Norms:

Question 2.What Doyou mean By Digital Gender Gap? Briefly analyse the different causes of Gender Gap in India and

its consequences.

https://www.unicef.org/publications/files/SOWC_2017_ENG_WEB.pdf



India is one place in which the digital divide highlights society's deep chasms. In a society that is still largely patriarchal, for girls, traits like deference and obedience are often valued over

intelligence and curiosity. In some households, technology is not seen as necessary or beneficial for girls and

women

Many fear that allowing girls to use the internet will lead to liaisons with men, bringing shame on the family.

Poverty:

Those living on less than US$2 a day in countries like India and the United Republic of Tanzania,theaverage cost of a smartphone is 16 per cent of their annual income.

Even if mobile phones with internet capabilities were to become more affordable, the extreme poor would still have to contend with high airtime and data costs.

lack of equal opportunities:

Lack of equal access to online services and information deprive women of higher/quality education and skill training that could help them contribute to the economy and become leaders on a global level.

This contributes to a larger problem which is lack of confidence among female to use internet.

Illiteracy :

According to the census 2011, 65.46% of women were literate when compared to over 80% of men. Also, over 23% of girls drop out of school before they reach puberty. This leads to the widening of gap regarding education level.

Conclusion:

If these problems are not well tackled then Digital divides can mirror broader societal divides -- between rich and poor,

cities and rural areas, between those with or without an education -- and between women and men.



To tackle the above problems

Making of primary and secondary education for girls and women accessible even in the remotest parts of

India.This will close the gap in the education level and confidence.

Girls need to be protected from Poverty and social stereotypes in order to reduce the drop out from school.

This digital divide can be tackled only when citizens are made aware of the use of digital technology to reduce information inequality and how it will benefit them at all levels. Bridging the digital divide calls for collective action by governments, the private sector, families and children themselves to level the digital playing field and make the internet a safe and resourceful tool for women and children.

Initiatives by Dept of atomic energy:

The Second Unit (1000 MWe) of the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project (KKNPP) went into commercial operation on

March 31, 2017. With this the installed nuclear power capacity has become 6780 MWe.

The Government of India has accorded administrative approval and financial sanction for taking up construction of 10 indigenous PHWRs of 700 MWe in fleet mode and establishing 2 more reactors at Kudankulam.

Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR): After completion of construction, the commissioning activities are making steady progress while fulfilling all the

safety requirements.

India has signed Civil Nuclear Cooperation Agreement with Bangladesh in April this year along with two more complementary Agreements. We are collaborating with our Russian and Bangladeshi partners on establishing Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant in Bangladesh.

A 4.6 Meter Ship Borne Terminal (SBT) developed by DAE was integrated on a ship and deployed in Deep Sea. The SBT successfully tracked the ISRO launch Vehicle PSLV-C38 during Cartosat-2E mission on 23rdJune, 2017.

A 1000m3/ Water Treatment Plant at holy Shiv Ganga Pond of Baba Baidyanath Temple, Deoghar (Jharkhand) has been commissioned and inaugurated on July 9, 2017. The plant is providing water confirming to standard for outdoor bathing.



DAE has developed a low-cost handheld 12-channel Tele-ECG machine which records all 12 ECG channels simultaneously and sends the report generated to the mobile phone of a doctor for advice. The device is suited for diagnostic purposes at remote rural locations, saving crucial time normally required to shift the patient to a diagnostic centre.

In the frontier science area, DAE is establishing a small underground research laboratory in one of the uranium mines for pursuing research on dark matter. This will enthuse scientists from all generations.

Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Ganga Gram :

In August 2017, with active cooperation with the five Ganga States (Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West

Bengal), the Ministry declared all 4,470 Ganga Grams Open Defecation Free (ODF).

Subsequent to making all Ganga Bank villages ODF, the Ministry and State Governments identified 24 villages to be taken up as a pilot project to transform them into Ganga Grams.

They will set the bench mark of cleanliness and integrated effort of development.

Ganga Gram Project :

Ganga Gram vision is an integrated approach for holistic development of villages situated on the banks of River Ganga with active participation of the villagers.

The objectives of Ganga Gram Project include solid and liquid waste management

Question 3. What is Ganga Gram Project? Briefly discuss its different features



renovation of ponds and water resources water conservation projects organic farming horticulture promotion of medicinal plants.

The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation will launch the Ganga Gram Project under the NamamiGangeProgramme, for holistic sanitation development in villages on the banks of River Ganga.

Action Plan :

An Advisory Board has been created as a policy framing and decision-making body under the chairmanship of Hon‟ble Minister for Drinking Water and sanitation.

Another Committee has been constituted as Project Committee for project supervision, implementation and co-ordination.

Topic : Conservation (GS-III)

Blue Flag :

The Blue Flag is a certification by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) that a beach, marina or sustainable

boating tourism operator meets its stringent standards.

FEE's Blue Flag criteria include standards for water quality, safety, environmental education and information, the provision of services and general environmental management criteria.

The Blue Flag is sought for beaches, marinas and sustainable boating tourism operators as an indication of their high environmental and quality standards.

The Blue Flag was created in France in 1985.

In the year 2001 Blue Flag certification got expanded outside Europe.

Question 4.What is Blue Flag certificate? Briefly describe the Blue Flag Certification Programme.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_for_Environmental_Education

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_management



It is recognized by UNESCO.

Blue Flag Certification Programme:

With prime objective of enhancing standards of cleanliness, upkeep and basic amenities at beaches, this Ministry has launched a pilot project for beach cleanup and development, also striving for the “Blue Flag” Certification for such identified beaches.

Under the pilot programme, each of the coastal State/UT was requested to identify/nominate a beach, to be funded through the ongoing Integrated Coastal Management Programme.

All the coastal States have nominated the pilot beaches in their receptive territories.

Formal nominations are, however, awaited from the coastal UTs viz., Daman & Diu, Puducherry, Lakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobar.

Pradhan MantriVayaVandanaYojana (PMVVY)

To provide social security during old age and to protect elderly persons aged 60 and above against a future fall in their interest income due to uncertain market conditions.

The scheme enables old age income security for senior citizens through provision of assured pension/return linked to the subscription amount based on government guarantee to Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).

The scheme provides an assured return of 8% per annum for 10 years.

The differential return, i.e. the difference between return generated by LIC and the assured return of 8% per annum would be borne by Government of India as subsidy on an annual basis.

Question 5. Briefly Describe Pradhan MantriVayaVandanaYojana



Pension is payable at the end of each period during the policy tenure of 10 years as per the frequency of monthly/quarterly/ half-yearly/yearly as chosen by the subscriber at the time of purchase.

The scheme is exempted from Goods and Services Tax. The scheme is open for subscription till 3rd May 2018.

Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health

Vectors are organisms that transmit pathogens and parasites from one infected person (or animal) to another, causing serious diseases in human populations.

These diseases are commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions and places where access to safe drinking-water and sanitation systems is problematic.

Vector Borne Diseases in India:

Malaria :

Caused by Parasite called Plasmodium.

If not treated it can be life taking.

Govt has already prepared a framework for malaria elimination by 2030 and the National Strategic Plan (NSP), (2017-22) for five years has also been prepared and disseminated to States for implementation, wherein all measures for elimination of malaria have been specified.

Dengue :

Also known as Breakbone Fever.

Question 6. What is a vector Borne Disease? What are the different initiatives taken by GoI to prevent

these diseases.



Often detected by characteristic skin rash like in measles.

Transmitted by Aedes mosquito.

Prevalent in Tropical Regions.

GOI provides Technical Guidelines for prevention and control, case management & effective community participation to the States for its implementation. All these Guidelines are uploaded on National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) website nvbdcp.gov.in.

Periodic reviews were undertaken at the higher level and advisories issued from time to time.

National Dengue Day was observed on 16th May across the country.

Community awareness through Health Melas, print and electronic media.

Funds are provided by Govt. of India to the States for prevention and control of vector borne diseases including Dengue and Chikungunya to implement the public health activities.

Chikungunya :

Viral diseases transmitted by infected mosquitoes.

Fever and joint.

It can be misdiagnosed with Dengue.

Japanese Encephalitis:

Its agent is group B arbovirus (Flavivirus) And transmitted by Culex Mosquito

This disease belongs to group of diseases called Helminthiasis.

JE vaccination campaign in children (1-15 yrs) completed.

Adult vaccination Completed in targeted areas.

Establishment of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation (PMR) identified Medical Colleges.

Notification of JE: State have been requested to notify Japanese Encephalitis

Kala Azar:

Most several form of Leishmaniasis.

Protozoan disease.

It is the second largest Parasitic killer of the world.

http://www.nvbdcp.gov.in/



Treatment with single day single dose Ambisome Injection to Kala-azar patient since 2015 which has improved treatment compliance with loss of wages incentives.

Use of Synthetic Pyrethorid insecticide and Hand Compression Pumps

Incentive to health volunteer/ASHA @ Rs.300/- for referring a suspected case and ensuring complete treatment and Rs. 100/- during one round of indoor residual spray i.e. Rs. 200/- for both the rounds of spray for generating awareness and for acceptance of spray by the community.

Govt of Bihar & Jharkhand State has provisioned Rs.6,600/- as wage loss to Kala-azar patients from Chief Ministers Kala-azar Relief Elimination Funds.

Filariasis :

Parasitic Disease caused by Filarioidea.

Transmitted by blood feeding black flies and Culex mosquitoes.

Advisories issued to maximize elimination efforts.

Provision of morbidity management kits.

Package of fund for Hydrocele operation to clear back log of hydrocele cases.

Topic:Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these Schemes. PMAY :

Question 7. Briefly Highlight important initiatives in the area of Rural Development recently.



The erstwhile scheme of IAY has been restructured into Pradhan MantriAwaasYojana-Gramin (PMAY-G) with effect from 1st April, 2016 and is in line with the Government‟s commitment of providing „Housing for All by 2022‟ with improved

scheme architecture and robust delivery and monitoring mechanism.

1 crore houses in rural India at enhanced unit assistance of Rs 1.20 lakh in plain areas and Rs 1.30 lakh in difficult areas/hilly states/IAP districts by 2018-19.

the beneficiary is also entitled to receive Rs 12,000 for construction of a toilet and 90/95 days of unskilled wage labour for construction of the house in convergence with MGNREGS.

Innovative use of space technology has ensured that resources are targeted to genuine beneficiaries by allowing verification of current housing status.

Uploading of geo tagged and time stamped photographs of beneficiaries in front of their existing dwellings, using the mobile Application viz. Awaas App.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

MGNREGA aims at enhancing livelihood security of the households in rural areas of the country by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year.

thrust on agriculture and allied activities

Under GeoMGNREGA, using space technology, more than 2 crore assets have been geotagged and made available in the public domain.

As per the Socio-Economic Caste Census - 2011 (SECC), around 5.40 Crore households fall under the category landless households dependent on manual casual labour for livelihood. The Government is making all efforts to bring these households, who are not having Job Cards and are willing, to get employment under MGNREGS.

Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana (PMGSY)

to provide connectivity by way of all-weather roads.

to upgrade existing rural roads in order to ensure full farm to market connectivity.

PMGSY is aggressively encouraging use of “Green Technologies” and non-conventional materials like waste plastic, cold mix, geo-textiles, fly-ash, iron and copper slag etc. in rural roads.

With a view to bring transparency & responsiveness in governance, plug leakages and to quickly address the citizen grievances, PMGSY has been encouraging use of information technology, mobile technology and space technology.

A Mobile Application “MeriSadak” launched to enable citizens to register complaints regarding the quality and pace of construction of PMGSY roads.



National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP):

Five sub-schemes namely Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS), Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS), Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS), National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) and Annapurna Scheme.

The schemes of NSAP are implemented both in urban and rural areas, by the Social Welfare Department in the States.

NSAP has been included under Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) scheme and in the current year State of Gujarat and UT of Lakshadweep are using 100% transfer through DBT mechanism.

There is proposal to revamp the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) as Pradhan MantriSamajikSurakshaYojana (PMSaSY) admissible to 5.07 crore beneficiaries.

DeenDayalAntyodayaYojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission:

Seeks to reach out to 8-9 crore rural poor households and organize one woman member from each household into affinity based women SHGs and federations at village level and at higher levels.

The SHG-Bank Linkage programme has seen tremendous growth

Start Up Village Entrepreneurship Programme (SVEP) is a sub-scheme of DAY-NRLM designed to support rural youth to take up local entrepreneurship.

DeendayalUpadhyayaGrameenKaushalyaYojana (DDU-GKY):

DDU-GKY is a placement linked skill-training programme and is uniquely placed to empower rural poor youth with employable skills and facilitate their participation in regular labour market.

Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs): At present RSETIs are offering training in more than 56 vocations classified under major areas like agriculture, processing, product manufacture and general EDP.



Shyama Prasad Mukherjee RURBAN Mission

To transform rural areas into economically, socially and physically sustainable spaces.

SaansadAdarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY):

SaansadAdarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY) was launched by Hon‟ble Prime Minister on 11th October 2014 with the objective of creating model Gram Panchayats in all parts of the country.

The development of SAGY Gram Panchayats takes place under the guidance of Hon‟ble Members of Parliament through the convergence and implementation of existing Government Schemes and Programmes without allocating any additional funds.

December 22nd, 2017 Economic Times And PIB Compilation For ...

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