Day13.pdf

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13 p. 170 Hackers Test 05

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1. Reading

During the years 1609 and 1610, over 80 percent of the colonists who settled in Jamestown

died. Historians know that the primary reason was starvation, and some claim that the

colonists themselves were to blame.

Issue: Jamestown mass death

Thesis: colonists were to blame

One reason why so many colonists died is that they were not fully prepared to lead an

agricultural lifestyle. Most of the settlers had no skill in agriculture or raising farm animals, and

they were not used to manual labor.

1: X prepared for agricultural lifestyle

1: no skill

Moreover, they brought with them very little equipment and were ultimately unable to

produce enough food. Due to their lack of preparation, many colonists starved.

1: X prepared for agricultural lifestyle

1: no skill

little equipment

Another reason is that, the settlers were too busy looking for valuable minerals such as copper

and gold. They came to America hoping to get rich, and because they spent their time looking

for riches rather than learning agricultural techniques, their food supplies were insufficient.

2: too busy looking 4 gold

2: X learn agricultural technique

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The settlers simply werent able to produce enough to survive.

2: too busy looking 4 gold

2: X learn agricultural technique

The other reason was that the settlers were unnecessarily aggressive toward the natives, and

this aggression led to bad relations between the two groups. 3: aggressive toward natives

3: led to bad relations

Their poor relationship with the natives prevented the colonists from learning how to grow

corn, which could have prevented starvation. If the colonists had been more diplomatic, many

more of them would have survived.

3: aggressive toward natives

3: led to bad relations

no corn

2. Listening

Ok, today were going to look at some recent findings that shed new light on the events in

Jamestown that.uh..led to the starvation of so many colonists. Many past historians

have placed blame exclusively on the colonists.


Well....we now know that the mass starvation was not solely the fault of the settlers.


Thesis: not solely their fault

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Right, well.the first thing is that archaeologists have recently unearthed many artifacts in

the Jamestown area. By many I mean millions of artifacts such as ________________,

weapons, even __________ of domesticated ___________.

1: unearthed many artifacts

1: farming tools, animal bones

If the colonists were unprepared or lacked equipment, where did all these things comefrom? It appears that the settlers were in fact ________ _______________ and had

everything they needed to be successful in agriculture.

1: unearthed many artifacts

1: farming tools, animal bones

well-prepared

Then there is the notion that the settlers were too busy trying to find gold. Well, thiswould be convincing if the massive die out had occurred before 1608, but it didnt.

2: not busy finding gold

See, in 1608, John Smith took over leadership in Jamestown, and right away he declared

that, um, people who did _____ __________ would ________ ________.


2: new leader: X work, X eat

I think this must have sent a clear message that _____________ pursuits, such as looking

for gold, were ______ to be ______________ in times of hunger.

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2: new leader: X work, X eat

unrealistic pursuits: X tolerated

We also have historical records form tree rings that prove that there was a severe drought

between 1606 and 1612. This was no normal droughtit was the kind that only happens

once every few hundred years.3: severe drought

Now think about it: if the drought was that severe, it would have been ____________ to

______ even the hardiest crops, such as _______.

3: severe drought

3: difficult to grow corn

3.

~ be responsible for

~ this means that~

emphasize/stress/highlight

impractical pursuits

to a___________ hunger

would not have been tolerated

~ /~

be preoccupied with~ing/be busy ~ing

hostile relationship

A Bprevent/ deter/ hinder/ impede/ obstruct/ stop/ keep

A from B

4. Summary

The reading passage contends that

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____________________________________

________________________________________

On the other hand, the lecturer brings up several points that contradict this

argument

1 First, the speaker argues that archeologists have found numerous

__________, such as _______________ and ______________ in the Jamestown area.

This means that the colonists were actually _______________________than was previously believed. This casts doubt on the reading, which

states that the colonists were not prepared for an agricultural lifestyle

2 Second, according to the lecturer, the settlers were not busy finding

gold

There was a ___________ _______________ in Jamestown who

emphasized __________ _________to avoid hunger. Under this new leadership,

impractical pursuits, such as _____________ ______ ___________ would not have been

tolerated.

2 This refutes the reading passages assertion that people starved

because they were _________ _______________ ______ _____________ ____________.

3 The final point made by the lecturer is that there was a ________

_________ in Jamestown. It was so severe that even the hardiest

crops such as ______________ could not have been grown.

3 These points rebuff the reading passages argument that

____________ ___________________ with the natives ______________ the settlers_______ learning how to grow crops.

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