Samsung eNodeB System Description

Samsung LTE eNodeB

L9CA Card

DU

RRU

CPRI

UAMA Card

Samsung eNodeB: CDU & RRU

Samsung LTE eNodeB

Excellent compatibility and interoperability with other Vendor

High-Performance Modular Structure

Support for Advanced RF and Antenna Solutions

Easy Installation

Naturally Cooling Design

Remote Firmware Downloading

Easy Monitoring Port

Features of Samsung eNodeB

CDU Specs

Category System Capacity

Air Specification TD-LTE

Capacity 2x2 MIMO with CDD 1Carrier/9 Sector

RF Power Per Sector 40W (4 Tx Path)

Backhaul Links 100/1000 Base –T(RJ-45,2 port) 1000 Base SX/LX(SFP,2 ports)

Interface Between CDU and RRU

CPRI 4.1(Optic 4.9Gbps)

Holdover 24 Hrs

Rated Voltage -48V Tolerance: (-40 to -57)

Rated Current –Max. Current in Transmission

period

14.3 A(with Three L9CA Mounted)

Unit Size 434(W)x385(D)x88(H)

Weight 12 kg

Temperature 0 -50 ͦC

CDU External Interfaces

UAMA :Universal Platform Type A Management L9CA: LTE eNB Channel Card Board Assembly A10M: 10MHz Analog GPS Synced Signal 1PPS: 1 Pulse Per Second EDBG: Electrical Debug (for Commissioning) BH 0,1: Backhaul Electrical, BH 2,3: Optical

RRU – Remote Radio Unit Specs

Air Specification TD-LTE

Operating Frequency 2300~2400 MHz

Channel Bandwidth 20 MHz

RF Power per Sector 40 W (4Tx Path)

Interface between CDU and RRU Interface

CPRI

Holdover: 24 hours

Rated Voltage -48 V DC (Tolerance: -40~-57 V)

Rated Current - Max. current in transmission

period: 7.3 A @ -48 V DC

Unit Size (mm) 340(W) × 106(D) × 425(H)

Weight (kg, Max.) 14

Temperature Condition -10~50 °C

Dust and waterproof rating IP65

RRU External Interfaces

eNodeB Connectivity Diagram

Backhaul Cable Connection

CPRI Cable Connection

Summary

Samsung eNodeB has a CDU & RRU CDU consists of 1 UAMA Card and 3 L9CA Cards and CDU has an internal GPS Receiver for synchronization RRU has the 4 Antenna Ports (4Tx/4Rx) RRU Supports RET unit through AISG Port RRU is IP65 certified CPRI cable connects CDU and RRU

Samsung eNodeB Functions

eNodeB Key Functions

• Physical Layer Processing

• Call Processing

• IP Processing

• SON Function

• Easy Operation and Maintenance

Some of the Key functions of Samsung eNodeB are

Physical Layer Processing

OFDMA/SC-FDMA Scheme

Downlink Reference Signal Creation and Transmission

Downlink Synchronization Signal Creation and Transmission

MBSFN Reference Signal Creation and Transmission

Channel Encoding/Decoding

Modulation/Demodulation

Resource Allocation and Scheduling

Link Adaptation

HARQ

Power Control

ICIC

MIMO

The eNodeB transmits/receives data through the radio channel between the EPC and UE. To do so, the eNodeB provides the following functions

Physical Layer Processing

Call Processing

• Periodically transmits, within the cell range being served, system information, i.e., the Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Blocks (SIBs), which are then received by UEs to process calls appropriately

Cell Information Transmission

• When the UE connects to the network, the eNB performs call control and resource allocation required for service. When the UE is released from the network, the eNB collects and releases the allocated resources

Call Control and Air Resource Assignment

• The LTE eNB supports intra-frequency or inter-frequency handover between intra-eNB cells, X2 handover between eNBs, and S1 handover between eNBs, and carries out the signaling and bearer processing functions required for handover.

Handover Processing

• The LTE eNB provides capacity-based and QoS-based admission control for bearer setup requests from the EPC to avoid system overload

Admission Control (AC)

• The eNB carries out the ARQ function for the RLC Acknowledged Mode (AM) only.

RLC ARQ

• The eNB receives QoS Class Identifier (QCI) which has the QoS characteristics of the bearer defined, like Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR), the Maximum Bit Rate (MBR), and the Aggregated Maximum Bit Rate (AMBR) from the EPC.

QoS Support

IP Processing

IP QoS : The LTE eNB can provide the backhaul QoS when communicating with the EPC by supporting the

Differentiated Services (DiffServ).

IP Routing : The LTE eNB provides several Ethernet

interfaces and stores in the routing table information

on which Ethernet interface IP packets will be

routed

Ethernet/VLAN Interfacing : The LTE eNB provides

Ethernet interfaces, and supports static link

grouping, Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN), and Ethernet Class of Service

(CoS) functions that comply with IEEE 802.3ad

for Ethernet interfaces.

SON Function

• Initial Physical Cell Identity (PCI) self-configuration

• Initial neighbor information self-configuration

• Initial Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) self-configuration

• Initial Auto SRS pool index configuration

Self-Configuration

• Automatic IP address acquisition

• Automatic OAM connectivity

• SW and configuration data loading

• Automatic S1/X2 setup

• Self-test

Self-Establishment

SON Function

• PCI auto-configuration

• Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) optimization

• Mobility robustness optimization

• Random Access Channel (RACH) optimization

• Energy Saving Management (ESM)

Self-Optimization

3GPP approach for SON (3GPP TS 32.500): ”SON algorithms themselves will not be standardized in 3GPP”

”3GPP standardizes measurements, procedures and open interfaces to support SON”

Physical Cell ID (PCI) Optimization

Design Policy for PCI optimization

PCI should satisfy the collision-free and confusion-free condition.

PCI should be selected such that inter-CRS (Cell-specific Reference Signal) interference is reduced.

When PCI conflict occurs, the PCI of the cell with higher ECGI will be changed.

In 2/4 CRS mode, there are 3 patterns for CRS position

PSS ID =0

α cell

β cell γ cell

PSS ID =1

PSS ID =2

PSS ID =0

α cell

β cell γ cell

PSS ID =1

PSS ID =2

Physical Cell ID (PCI) Optimization

EMS

• Initial PCI Allocation • PCI Reconfiguration

•PCI Conflict Detection •Collect PCI’s used by inner 2-tier

neighbor

eNodeB

PCI’s of different cells near each other should be different

eNB obtains initial PCI allocation from EMS

eNodeB collects PCI’s of 2-tier neighbors

eNB reports conflicts to EMS PCI PCI conflict report

2 tier PCI List

Summary

Samsung eNodeB Supports SON Function for Self-establishment, Self-configuration and Self-Optimization

Physical connection between the eNB and EPC is established through the FE and GE

The user plane protocol stack uses the GTP-User (GTP-U) above the IP whereas the control plane uses the SCTP above the IP

The interface standards between eNodeB and LSM should satisfy the FTP/SNMP interface

eNodeB Hardware

Hardware Structure

eNodeB Internal Structure

Hardware Structure

Board Quantity Description

UADB 1 Universal platform type A Digital Backplane board assembly - UADU’s backboard - Routing signals for traffic, control, clocks, power, etc.

UAMA 1 Universal platform type A Management board Assembly - Main processor in the system - Resource allocation/operation and maintenance - Alarm collection and report to LSM - Backhaul support (GE/FE) - UADU FAN alarm handling - Rectifier or External monitoring Connector - Provides User Defined Ethernet (UDE) and User Defined Alarm (UDA) - Generates and supplies GPS clocks

L9CA 1 LTE eNB Channel card board Assembly - Call processing and resource allocation - OFDMA/SC-FDMA Channel Processing - Interface between the L8HU and optic CPRI - Support for optic interface with CPRI L8HU (E/O, O/E conversion in CPRI Mux)

L8HU

Unit Description

L8HU LTE eNB remote radio Head Unit - 2.3 GHz (2,300~2,400MHz) - Supports 20 MHz 4Tx/4Rx per L8HU - Supports up Contiguous 20 MHz 1 carrier/1 sector - 10 W per path (total of 40 W) - Up/Down RF conversion - Low-noise amplifier - RF high-power amplification - Spurious wave suppression outside the bandwidth - Electric-to-Optic (E/O), Optic-to-Electric (O/E) conversion modules for optic communications with UADU - Supporting the Remote Electrical Tilt (RET) function

By default, the L8HU is installed outdoors for natural cooling. The L8HU consists of a 4Tx/4Rx RF chain as an integrated RF unit with a transceiver, power amplifier and filter installed in the single outdoor unit

L8HU External Interface

Interface Description

RET Remote Electrical Tilt (AISG 2.0)

OPT DADU interface, ODCP (LC type)

PWR Power Input (-48 VDC)

CAL Antenna Calibration Port

ANT_0~3 4Tx/4Rx, N-type female Coupling Port

Power Supply

The power for UAMA and L9CAs in the UADU is supplied through the Power Distribution Panel Module (PDPM) and UADB, a backboard. Each board uses the power by converting the -48 VDC provided into the power needed for each part on the board.

Data Traffic Flow

Sending Path

The transmitted user data goes through baseband-level digital processing before being configured for the CPRI, and then E/O converted.

The L8HU does CE conversion for a received optic signal.The converted baseband signal from the broadband is converted into an analog signal and sent through the high-power amplifier, filter and antenna

Data Traffic Flow Receiving Path

The RF signal received by the antenna goes through the L8HU filter and low-noise amplification by the LNA. The RF down-conversion and the digital down-conversion are carried out for this signal, and the signal is then converted to a baseband signal. It is configured for the CPRI, and goes through the E-O conversion again. The converted signal is transmitted to the UADU that is located remotely through an optic cable. The data for which the SC-FDMA signal processing is carried out in the UADU is converted to the Gigabit Ethernet frame and transmitted from the UADU to the EPC via the GE/FE.

Network Synchronization Flow

GPS is used for system synchronization.

The UCCM is a GPS receiving module in the UADU

It Receives Synchronization Signals from the GPS to generate/distribute clocks.

Alarm Signal Flow Alarms are collected by the UAMA of the UADU, and then reported to the LTE System Manager (LSM).

Alarm Type Remarks Applied Unit

Function Fail Alarm Fault alarm due to software/hardware problems defined as ‘Function Fail’

L9CA

Power Fail Alarm Fault alarm due to power problems L9CA

Deletion Alarm System report alarm due to hardware mount/dismount L9CA

UDA Alarm that the operator wants to provide UAMA

RF Unit Alarm RF unit alarm L8HU

Loading Flow Loading is a process that downloads, from the LSM, software executables, data etc. required by the eNB’s processors and devices to operate.

The eNB’s loading is run during system initialization. Loading can also be run when a

board is mounted on the system,

hardware is reset, or

the high-level system operator restarts a board

On the first system initialization, the eNB is loaded through the LSM. As the loading information is stored in the internal storage

After the first system initialization, it compares the software files and versions of LSM and downloads changed software files

Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

The Operator can view/change the eNB status through the system manager. To do this, the eNB has an SNMP agent through which the LSM operator can run eNB operations and maintenance remotely.

The Operator can also perform Web-EMT-based maintenance activities using the web browser in the console terminal or through the CLI using telnet/SSH access.

The Statistical information provided by the eNB is given to the operator in accordance with the collection interval

CLI

The CLI can be used for eNB operations and maintenance. The operator can log onto the eNB via telnet over the PC and perform operations/maintenance via the text-based CLI.

• Loading: The CLI loads programs required by the eNB. It can initialize the eNB normally without working with the LSM, and load specific devices selectively. The CLI can also reset or restart the boards

• Configurations Management : The CLI can run Man-Machine Commands (MMC) to view or change the eNB’s configurations

• Status Management: The CLI manages statuses of the eNB’s processor and various devices

• Fault Management: The CLI checks the possibility of faults in the eNB’s processor and various devices, and provides the operator with fault locations and details. The CLI displays both hardware and software faults, so the operator can check all failures that occur in the eNB

• Diagnosis and Test: The CLI can perform diagnosis on connection paths, processors and other devices that the eNB is operating, and detect their faults. The major test functions that the CLI can perform include measuring the sending output and the antenna diagnosis function, etc

The CLI provides the following functions

RET The eNB transmits/received control messages to/from the LSM via the RET controller and the CPRI path of CPRI FPGA. Using this path, the LSM can perform the RET function that controls the antenna’s tilting angle remotely. In addition, for the RET operation, the L8HU provides power to every antenna connected to it.

Basic Software Architecture The LTE eNB software is divided into three parts, kernel space (OS/DD), forwarding space (NPC and NP), and user space (MW, IPRS, CPS and OAM)

LSMR Interfaces

LSMR Connects to NMS/OSS from Northbound interfaces

LSMR Connects to eNodeB, Smart Scheduler, MCE at its Southbound interfaces

The interfaces connect with other elements via common Data Cloud

The various types of traffics separated by using VLANs

OAM VLAN cloud interfaces with LSMR

Data Cloud

Data Cloud

PORT - 0 PORT - 4

PORT - 1 PORT - 5

OSS Elements

Southbound Interfaces

Northbound Interfaces

RJIL Network Topology

Summary

Samsung eNodeB has 4 boards UADU, UAMA, L9CA and L8HU

UADU board Routs signals for traffic, control, clock and Power

UAMA is Main processor in the system. It handles Resource allocation, operation and maintenance

L9CA Card do OFDMA/SC-FDMA Channel Processing, E/O, O/E conversion for CPRI Interfacing

L8HU do Up/Down RF conversion, Low Noise Amplification, RF Power Amplification and TD-LTE Switching

eNodeB is managed through LSM-R

Quiz

Electrical to optical conversion in CDU is done by

• L9CA

• UAMA

_____ Protocol is used to manage Network Elements

• SCTP

• SNMP

• UDP

TDD Switching for TD-LTE is done at

• eNodeB

• MME

• P-GW