CURRICULUM VITAE

OF

DR LALJI SINGH

DIRECTOR, CCMB, HYDERABAD

Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology Hyderabad 500007

INDIA

FAX Telephones International 91-40-27160252 or 27160591 Off: 040-27160789 India 040-27160252 or 27160591 Res: 040-27160555 or 27160556 CCMB Website: http://www.ccmb.res.in E-mail: lalji@ccmb.res.in Updated 21st April 2008

Name : LALJI SINGH

Father’s Name : Sri Surya Narain Singh

Date of Birth : 5th July 1947

Place of Birth : Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Current Position & : DIRECTOR, CCMB, Hyderabad

Address Present : Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Hyderabad 500 007 (A.P.) India Permanent : Village: Kalwari, Post Office: Sikrara, District: Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

Educational Qualifications :

B.Sc. with Zoology, Botany and Chemistry, (1964), M.Sc. in Zoology with thesis in Cytogenetics (1966)

Ph.D in Cytogenetics, 1971, Banaras Hindu University (Thesis: Evolution of Karyotypes in Snakes)

Research Interests:

1. Molecular Basis of Sex-determination 2. DNA Fingerprinting 3. Wildlife Conservation 4. Human Genome Analysis 5. Human Genetic Diversity

Publications:

Dr Lalji Singh has more than 150 research papers published in internationally reputed journals. Please see Annexure ‘D’ for complete list of Publications

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Social Impact of some of the research work carried out by Dr Lalji Singh 1. Development of a universal probe for DNA Fingerprinting: Dr Lalji Singh and his colleagues at the Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB) developed a probe called Bkm-derived probe for DNA fingerprinting as a fallout of their earlier internationally well-known work on the mechanisms of the determination of sex. Their probe is being extensively used for forensic investigation, paternity determination and seed stock verification. DNA fingerprinting evidence was presented in the court and for the first time in the annals of the history of Indian Judiciary DNA fingerprinting was accepted as an infallible evidence in the court of law; this verdict was upheld by the Kerala High Court. Since then, they have used this indigenous technique in 500 cases such as paternity disputes, identification of missing children identification of mutilated bodies, exchange of babies in maternity wards and cases of rape and murder, etc. These include sensational cases of assassination of the late Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi, assassination of Punjab Chief Minister and the famous tandoor case of Naina Sahni. DNA Fingerprinting technology has reached to common man all over India and is providing them a justice which otherwise would not have been possible for them to obtain. Based on Dr Singh’s above findings a separate autonomous “Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics” has been set up by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. 2. Conservation of wildlife Although our country is endowed with a tremendous wealth of megadiversity in plant and animal wildlife, their very existence is at stake owing to destruction of forests following industrialization, agricultural activities as well as poaching of wildlife for reasons of sports and money. There was therefore an urgent need to arrest this phenomena and work out strategies to tackle these problems by using innovative techniques. CCMB is, therefore, setting up a laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES) at Attapur village near Nehru Zoological Park. The potential utility of molecular techniques in the study of evolutionary relationships of plants and animals is already established. Dr Lalji Singh is presently using this technique for wild life preservation and better management of endangered species in our zoos and also for identification and isolation of genes for useful characters in silkworm races. 3. Species identification for forensic applications

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Crimes related to the killing of animals are a serious threat in India. In such a case, we need to establish whether a drop of blood, or tiny piece of meat, bunch of hair or some other mutilated biological sample confiscated by the wildlife curators and/or investigating agencies belongs to human or animal, and if animal, to which species of animal. Such investigations have become very important in recent past with our increased awareness towards threats of extinction of many animal species due to human intervention. The law enforcement requires strong evidences in such matters which could be provided by establishing exact identity of confiscated animal(s) or parts and products thereof. The team of researchers headed by Dr Lalji Singh from the CCMB has recently developed, for the first time anywhere in the world, a novel DNA based approach which, without knowing the history of a forensic sample, is able

to establish whether a drop of blood or tiny piece of meat belongs to human or animal, and if animal, to which species of the animal. CCMB has already using this approach in providing the service to the society and has resolved more than 50 cases forwarded by various wildlife curators and crime investigation agencies. 4. DNA based molecular Diagnostics There are several genetic disorders prevalent in our country. The problem has become much more serious because there are no adequate facilities for diagnosing these disorders. Dr Lalji Singh and his group have set up diagnostic services for many genetic disorders such as sickle cell anemia, Alzheimer’s disease, BCD, male infertility, pancreatitis, Robert’s syndrome, etc. Research by Dr Lalji Singh and his colleagues further helped in better understanding of the role played by genetic factors in these diseases and the possibility of developing better diagnostic tools for the detection and the management of such diseases. These services will be of tremendous help to common man in reducing their agonies whenever therapeutic intervention is possible. 5. Genetic affinities of Andaman Islanders Dr Lalji Singh and his group have undertaken the study on genetic diversity in primitive tribes of India including the tribal populations of Andaman and Nicobar Islands using Y-chromosomal markers and mtDNA sequences. Data indicates that the Andamanese have closer affinities to Asian than to African population and suggests that they are the descendants of the early Paleolithic colonizers of Southeast Asia – the hunter gatherers and the first migrants moved out of Africa about 60,000-100,000 years ago. These findings have revolutionized the ways of thinking about the origin of man in terms of their evolution and migration from place to place. 6. Genome Foundation and its activities Human disease and suffering are as old as humanity and genetic disorders are most distressing since there is no cure available for them and the diseases get transmitted across the generations. The problem of genetic disorders in India is enormous. Indians are also genetically susceptible to common diseases, such as, diabetes and heart diseases. Thus, prevention of disability is the only option for these disorders. However, the diagnostic services for them are mostly focused to cater the urban India. A group of intellectuals with high professional integrity have come together to establish this Foundation under Dr Lalji Singh as its Managing Director, which will provide such diagnostic services to both rural and urban populations of the country. The Foundation will function with people’s participation and utilize the voluntary services of retired scientists and professionals. The Foundation will establish various centres across the length and breadth of India to take these services to the masses through networking with various NGOs and socially committed organizations. The Foundation is already registered under Section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956. A Foundation stone was laid recently by Dr Lalji Singh for a building complex for “Establishing a Rural Centre of Genome Foundation in Northern India” in Jaunpur, UP, India.

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Annexures: A. Honours, Awards and Endowment Lectures B. Academic and Service Affiliations C. Research Interests D. List of Publications E. List of Patents and Popular Articles F. Information on and Relevance of Research Contributions

G. Teaching Experience H. Organisation of Courses I. Administrative Experience J. Sponsored Research/Collaborations K. International meetings attended L. Membership of Professional Societies M. Fellowship of Indian/Foreign Academies

N. Membership of Editorial Boards

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O. Membership of Professional Committees

A. HONOURS, AWARDS AND ENDOWMENT LECTURES

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2008 2nd University Foundation Oration KLE University, Belgaum 2008 18th Convocation of Kakatiya

University Kakatiya University, Warangal (A.P.)

2008 8th Dharma Vira Oration Sir Gangaram Hospital, New Delhi 2007 Rajbhasha Shri Samman by

Bharatiya Rajbhasha Vikas Sansthan

Dehradun

2007 Rashtriya Ekta Samman 2007 National Unity Conference, New Delhi

2007 Sir Edward Mellanby Memorial Lecture

Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow

2007 Honorary D.Sc. degree Deendayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur

2006 Dr L D Sanghvi Oration Award Indian Society of Human Genetics 2006 Father of DNA Fingerprinting

Award Jaunpur Journalists Assocation

2006 J C Bose National Fellowship Department of Science & Technology 2006 Honorary D.Sc. degree Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open

University, Allahabad 2006 Honorary Professor Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 2005 ISWA Honorary Fellowship (2005) Indian Science Writers’ Association

(ISWA) 2005 Honorary Fellow, Biotech Research

Society of India Biotech Research Society of India

2005 Swami Sukhdevanand Rishi Samman in the field of Genetics

Mumukshu Ashram Siksha Sankul, Shahjahanpur

2004 Intellectuals’ Honour – The Great Son of the Soil

All India Conference of Intellectuals, Meerut

2004 Honorary D.Sc. degree Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 2004 Awarded Padma Shri by the

President Government of India

2004 FICCI Award 2002-03 for R&D in Life Sciences

Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi.

2003 Biotechnologist of the year 2002 Metro Vision Business & Technology Magazine, Hyderabad

2003 Vigyan Gaurav Award Council of Science & Technology, Government of Uttar Pradesh

2003 The Honorary D.Sc. degree Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth, Varanasi

2003 Purvanchal Ratna Veer Bahadur Singh Poorvanchal University, Jaunpur

2002 ISHEER AWARD Indian Society of Health Environment Education and Research (ISHEER), Jodhpur Centre, Jodhpur

2002 TWAS Fellowship Third World Academy of Sciences Trieste, Italy

2002 Sixth Prof. S. P. Ray-Chaudhuri Memorial Lecture Award

Prof. S. P. Ray-Chaudhuri Foundation, BHU, Varanasi

2002 New Millennium Plaques of Honour - 2001-2002 award for outstanding services in the field of Biological Sciences

By the Prime Minister of India at the 89th Session of the Indian Science Congress-2002

2001 K N Bhal Memorial Gold Medal for 2001

Society of Biosciences, Muzaffarnagar

2001 The D.A.E. – C.V. RAMAN Indian Physics Association, Mumbai

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Lecturership-2000 2001 Goyal Prize in Life Sciences-2000 Kurukshetra University, Haryana 2001 CRI Foundation Day Oration

Lecture Cancer Research Foundation, Mumabi

2001 Late Sri Damodaram Sanjivayya Endowment Lecture

Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati

2001 Dr Y Nayudamma Memorial Extension Lecture on Biotechnology-1999

Dr Y Nayudamma Memorial Turst, Tenali

2001 Kothari Memorial Endowment Lecture

Pondicherry University, Pondicherry

2000 Visesha Puraskaaram Dr Ramineni Foundation, USA 2000 The Honorary D.Sc., degree Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, U.P. 2000 Fellow Andhra Pradesh Akademi of Sciences,

Hyderabad 2000 IMTECH Foundation Day Lecture Institute of Microbial Technology,

Chandigarh 1999 II Mansi Ram Memorial Lecture University of Delhi, Delhi 1999 Professional Excellence Award in

Science & Technology - for Expertise in DNA Fingerprinting

Viswabharathy Academy, Hyderabad

1999 IV Endowment Lecture The Indian Instrumentation Society, Hyderabad Chapter, Hyderabad

1998 Scroll of Honour: Outstanding Forensic Expert Award - for Indianization of DNA Fingerprinting Technology

The Medico Legal Society, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

1998 Honorary Professor School of Animal Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad

1998 Indian Academy of Neurology Oration

Indian Academy of Neurology, Bangalore

1998 Dr Yellapragada Subbarow Memorial Oration

The Indian Medical Association, Vijayawada

1997 Joy Govind Law Memorial Medal The Asiatic Society, Calcutta 1997 Padma Bhushan Dr P S Siva Reddy

Endowment Award Dr P Siva Reddy Founda-tion, Hyderabad

1996 Shri Om Prakash Bhasin Award – in the field of Biotechnology

Shri Om Prakash Bhasin Foundation for Science & Technology, Delhi

1996 Haldane Oration Medal Society for Bionaturalists, India 1995 The VASVIK Research Award – for

Biological Sciences & Technology for the year 1992

Vividhlaxi Audyogik Samshodhan Vikas Kendra, Bombay

1995 Professor Vishwanath Memorial Lecture Award

Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi.

1995 Jagdish Chandra Bose Award – for Research in Life Sciences

Hari Om Ashram Trust, Delhi

1994 Ranbaxy Research Award – in the field of basic medical sciences

Ranbaxy Research Foundation, Ranbaxy, New Delhi

1994 Prof S P Ray-Chaudhuri 75th Birthday Endowment Lecture Award

Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

1992 CSIR Technology Award – for biological sciences

Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi

1974- 76

Commonwealth Scholarship – for Postdoctoral Research in Molecular Biology

Edinburgh University, UK

1974 INSA Medal for Young Scientists Indian National Science Academy, New

Delhi 1973 Dr S P Basu Memorial Medical - for

outstanding contribution in the field of Cytogenetics

Zoological Society, Calcutta

1966 Banaras Hindu University Gold Medal – for standing first in order of merit in M.Sc (Zoology)

Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

B. ACADEMIC AND SERVICE AFFILIATIONS

Designation Organization

& Place From To Mode of

Appointment Nature of duties

Jr. Research Fellow

Dept. of Zoology, BHU

1966 1970 U.G.C. Fellowship

Research & Training

Sr. Research Fellow

Dept. of Zoology, BHU

1970 1972 CSIR Fellowship

Research

Research Associate

Dept.of Zoology Calcutta Univ.

1972 1974 Permanent Post Research & Training

Pool Officer Dept.of Zoology Calcutta Univ.

April 1974

Sept 1974

CSIR Appointment

Research

Postdoctoral Research Fellow

Edinburgh Univ. U.K.

1974 1976 Commonwealth Fellowship

Research

Guest Scientist Dept.of Zoology Calcutta Univ.

Oct 1976

April 1977

On leave from U.K.

Research

Research Associate

Edinburgh Univ. U.K.

1977 1979 Medical Research Council Fellowship

Research

Visiting Fellow Austr. National Univ., Canberra

July 1979

Sept 1979

Welcome Foundation

Research

Research Associate

Edinburgh Univ. U.K.

Oct 1979

May 1987

Medical Research Council Fellowship

Research

Scientist EII CCMB Hyderabad

June 1987

May 1990

CSIR Appointment

Research

Scientist F CCMB Hyderabad

June 1990

June 1995

CSIR Appointment

Research

Scientist G CCMB Hyderabad

June 1995

July 1998

CSIR Appointment

Research

Officer on Special Duty (OSD)

CDFD Hyderabad

Oct 1995

Feb 1999

DBT Appointment

Setting up of Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics

Director

CCMB Hyderabad

July 1998-to-date

CSIR Appointment

Research

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C. Research Interests

1. Molecular Basis of Sex Determination

2. DNA Fingerprinting

3. Wildlife Conservation

4. Human Genome Studies

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5. Ancient DNA Studies

Research Theses guided for the Doctoral degree (Ph.D)

Recognised Guide for Ph.D in Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad

S.No. Name of the Student Title of the thesis Year

1. Shirly George Panicker Isolation and characterization of 1994 Bkm-satellite DNA from snake (Bungarus fasciatus) and a Bkm-

association Y chromosome- specific clone M34 from mouse

2. K R Rajyashri Molecular mechanism of sex- 1994 determination: Isolation and characterization of an unusually conserved testis determining gene

3. Raghavender Nagaraj Studies on sex and tissue-specific 1995 Bkm-binding protein in mouse

4. Narendra Pathak Molecular characterization of 1998 gene(s) expressed specifically in snake oocytes

5. Sanjay Sachdev Molecular analysis of Bkm- 1998 associated DNA sequences in Drosophila. ___________________________________________________________________ 6. Anju Singh Identification and Characterization 2000 of a Highly Conserved Gene, which is Predominantly Expressed in the Human, Testis, in Silkworm Bombyx mori ___________________________________________________________________

7. S. Subramanian Molecular Analysis of Y Chromo- 2003 some DNA in Human

8. B Jyotsna Genetic studies of wild populations 2008 Of tiger Panthera tigris tigris

________________________________________________________________________

9. V V Suryanarayana Molecular status of detoxification 2008 genes and functional Proteomics in recurrent early pregnancy loss

__________________________________________________________________ 10

Postdoctoral Fellows worked/working with Dr Lalji Singh

1. Dr Sridevi Naidu

2. Dr P Manickam

3. Dr Prabhjeet Singh

4. Dr Sokka Reddy

5. Dr Qurratulain Hasan

6. Dr Saswati Ghosh

7. Dr C S Shashikant

8. Dr Vanya Shah

9. Dr Sanjeev Shangary

10 Dr Bhupendra Narain Singh

11. Dr Divyendu Saha

12. Dr Moinak Banerjee

13. Dr G V Rao

14. Dr G R Chandak

15. Dr Milind P Niphadkar

16. Dr Abhay Sharma

17. Dr Jose Jacob

18. Dr Shriram Shetty

19. Dr Franscina Celestina

20. Dr Rekha Rai

21. Dr Shalini Ratan

22. Dr Shamsunder Chaurasia

23. Dr Anju Singh

24. Dr Ajay Gaur

25. Dr Nandita Singh

26. Dr L V K S Bhaskar

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D. Research Papers Published (1968-2008)

1. Singh, L., Sharma, T. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P.: W. chromosome in the Indian

water snake (checkered keel back) Natrix piscator (Colubridae). Experientia, (Basel) 24, 79-80 (1968).

2. Singh, L., Sharma, T. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P.: Chromosomes and classification

of the snakes of the family Boidae. Cytogenetics, 7, 161-168 (1968). 3. Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P., Sharma, T., Pathak, S. and Singh, L.: Chromosomes and

the karyotype of the Pangolin, Manis pentadactyla L. (Pholidota Mammalia). Experientia, (Basel) 26, 1167-1168 (1969).

4. Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P., Singh, L. and Sharma, T.: Sexual dimorphism in somatic

interphase nuclei of snakes. Cytogenetics, 9, 410-423 (1970). 5. Singh, L., Sharma, T. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P.: Multiple sex chromosomes in the

common Indian krait, Bungarus caeruleus Schneider. Chromosoma (Berl.), 31, 386-391 (1970).

6. Singh, L., Sharma, T. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P.: Chromosome numbers and sex

chromosomes in few Indian species of amphibian and reptiles. Mammal. Chrom. Newslett. 11, 91-94 (1970).

7. Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P., Singh, L. and Sharma, T.: Evolution of sex chromosomes

and formation of W-chromatin in snakes. Chromosoma (Berl.), 33, 239-251 (1971).

8. Singh, L.: Multiple W chromosome in a sea snake, Enhydrina schistosa Daudin.

Experientia (Basel), 28, 95-97 (1972). 9. Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P. and Singh, L.: DNA replication pattern in sex chromosome

of snakes. Nucleus (Calcutta), 15, 200-210 (1972). 10. Singh, L.: Evolution of karyotypes in snakes. Chromosoma (Berl.), 38, 185-236

(1972). 11. Singh, L.: Karyological study of three species of turtles from India. Indian

Biologist, 4, 64-69 (1972). 12. Singh, L. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P.: DNA replication pattern in the chromosomes

of Crocodylus palustris (Lesson). Nucleus (Calcutta), 16, 33-37 (1973). 13. Singh, L.: The present status of sex chromosomes in amphibians. Nucleus

(Calcutta), 17, 17-27 (1974). 14. Singh, L.: Study of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes in seven species of lizards.

Proc. Zool. Soc., Calcutta, 27, 57-79 (1974). 15. Singh, L.: Chromosomes of six species of Indian snakes. Herpetologica, 30,

419-429 (1974).

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16. Gupta, P., Singh, L. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P.: Chromosomes of Indian breeds of

cattle. Nucleus (Calcutta), 17, 129-132 (1974). 17. Singh, L. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P.: Localization of C-band in the W sex

chromosome of Common Indian krait, Bungarus caeruleus Schneider. Nucleus (Calcutta), 18, 163-166 (1975).

18. Singh, L., Purdom, I.F. and Jones, K.W.: The chromosomal localization of

satellite DNA in Ptyas mucosus (Ophidia), Colubridae). Chromosoma (Berl.), 57, 177-184 (1976).

19. Singh, L., Purdom, I.F. and Jones, K.W.: Satellite DNA and evolution of sex

chromosomes. Chromosoma (Berl.), 59, 43-62 (1976). 20. Singh, L., Purdom, I.F. and Jones, K.W.: Effect of different denaturing agents on

the detectability of specific DNA sequences of various base compositions by in situ hybridization. Chromosoma (Berl.), 60, 377-389 (1977).

21. Singh, L., Purdom, I.F. and Jones, K.W.: Behaviour of sex chromosomes

associated satellite DNAs in somatic and germ cells in snakes. Chromosoma (Berl.), 71, 167-181 (1979).

22. Singh, L., Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P., Majumdar, K., Purdom, I.F. and Jones, K.W.:

Sex specific chromosome polymorphisms in the Common Indian krait, Bungarus caeruleus schneider (Ophidia, Elapidae). Chromosoma (Berl.), 73, 93-108 (1979).

23. Singh, L., Purdom, I.F. and Jones, K.W.: Sex chromosome associated satellite

DNA: Evolution and conservation. Chromosoma (Berl.), 79, 137-157 (1980). 24. Singh, L., Purdom, I.F. and Jones, K.W.: Conserved sex chromosome-associated

nucleotide sequences in eukaryotes. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol., 45, 805-813 (1981).

25. Jones, K.W. and Singh, L.: Conserved repeated DNA sequences in vertebrate

sex chromosomes. Hum. Genet. 58, 46-53 (1981). 26. Jones, K.W. and Singh, L.: Conserved sex-associated repeated DNA in

vertebrates. In: “Genome Evolution” (Eds. G. Dover and R. Flavell), Academic Press, London, pp.135-154 (1982).

27. Singh, L. and Jones, K.W.: Sex reversal (Sxr) in the mouse (Mus musculus) is

caused by a recurrent non-reciprocal crossover involving the X and an aberrant Y chromosome. Cell 28, 205-216 (1982).

28. Muller, U., Singh, L. Grund, S. and Jones, K.W.: Ovarian cells participate in the

formation of tubular structures in mouse/rat heterosexual gonadal cocultures. Differentiation, 22, 136-138 (1982).

29. Jones, K.W., Singh, L. and Phillips, C.: Conserved Nucleotide sequences on sex

chromosomes. Proc. John Inn’s Symp. 265-287 (1983).

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30. Singh, L., Phillips, C. and Jones, K.W.: The conserved nucleotide sequences of Bkm, including those, which define Sxr in the mouse, are transcribed. Cell 36, 111-120 (1984).

31. Singh, L. and Jones, K.W. : The use of heparin as a simple cost-effective means

of controlling background in nucleic acid hybridization procedures. Nucl. Acids Res., 8, 5627-5637 (1984).

32. Jones, K.W. and Singh, L.: Snakes and the evolution of sex chromosomes.

Trends Genet. 1, 55-61 (1985). 33. Singh, L. and Jones, K.W.: Bkm sequences are polymorphic in humans and are

clustered in pericentric regions of various acrocentric chromosomes including the Y. Hum. Genet. 73, 304-308 (1986).

34. Singh, L., Matsukuma, S. and Jones, K.W.: Testis development in a mouse with

10% of XY cells. Dev. Biol., 122, 287-290 (1987). 35. Jones, K.W., Singh, L. and Edwards, R.G.: The use of probes for the Y

chromosome in preimplantation embryo cells. Hum. Reprod. 2, 439-445 (1987). 36 Jones, K.W., Olszewska, E., and Singh, L.: Rapidly evolving Bkm DNA is

associated with hypervariable domains. In: “Chromosomes Today”, 9, 22-29. (Eds. A. Stahl, J.M. Luciani & A.M. Vagner - Capodano. Allen & Unwin Suffolk, G.B.) (1987).

37. Matsukuma, S., Singh, L., and Jones, K.W.: Microinjection of Bkm related male

specific mouse DNA into autologous zygotes. J. Genet. 66, 163-176 (1987). 38. Singh, L., Matsukuma, S., and Jones, K.W.: The use of Y chromosome specific

repeated DNA sequences in the analysis of testis development in an XX/XY mouse. Development, 101 (supplement), 143-150 (1987).

39. Singh, L., Winking, H., Jones, K.W., and Gropp, A.: Restriction fragment

polymorphism in the sex-determining region of the Y chromosomal DNA of European wild mice. Mol. Gen. Genet. 212, 440-449 (1988).

40. Singh, L.: DNA profiling and its applications. Curr. Sci., 60, 580-585 (1991). 41. Aggarwal, R.K., Lang, J.W., Singh, L.: Isolation of high molecular weight DNA

from small samples of blood having nucleated erythrocytes, collected, transported and stored at room temperature. Genetic Analysis: Techniques and Applications, 9(2), 54-57 (1992).

42. Singh, L. and Majumdar, K.C.: Striking similarity in molecular organization of sex

chromosomes is a reflection of their common mode of action. In: "Sex Chromosomes and Sex-determining Genes" (Eds. Ken C Reed and Jennifer A Marshall Graves), pp. 337-356 (1993).

43. Lang, J.W., Aggarwal, R.K., Majumdar, K.C. and Singh, L.: Individualisation and

estimation of relatedness in crocodilians by DNA fingerprinting with Bkm derived probe. Mol. Gen. Genet. 238, 49-58 (1993).

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44. Bhargava, P.M. and Singh, L.: What should India be doing on the human genome? Curr. Sci., 65(9), 663-664 (1993).

45. Panicker, S.G. and Singh, L.: Banded krait minor satellite (Bkm) contains sex and

species-specific repetitive DNA. Chromosoma, 103, 40-45 (1994). 46. Singh, L., Panicker, S.G., Nagaraj, R. and Majumdar, K.C.: Banded krait minor-

satellite (Bkm)-associated Y chromosome-specific repetitive DNA in mouse. Nucl. Acids Res., 22(12), 2289-2295 (1994).

47. Aggarwal, R.K., Majumdar, K.C., Lang, J.W. and Singh, L.: Generic affinities

among crocodilians as revealed by DNA fingerprinting using a Bkm-derived probe. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., (USA) 91, 10601-10605 (1994).

48. Singh, L. and Majumdar, K.C.: Behaviour of microchromosome associated

satellite DNA in Bungarus fasciatus (Ophidia, Elapidae). J. Genet. 73(1),1-15 (1994).

49. Singh, L., Wadhwa, R., Naidu, S., Nagaraj, R. and Ganesan, M.: Sex and tissue-

specific Bkm (GATA)-binding Protein in the Germ Cells of heterogametic sex. J. Biol. Chem., 269, 25321-25327 (1994).

50. Singh, L., Panicker, S.G., Nagaraj, R. and Majumdar, K.C.: Functional

Significance of Molecular organization of sex chromosomes. Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., 360, 455-470 (1994).

51. Aggarwal, R.K., Singh, P. and Singh, L.: Genetic fingerprinting: an overview with

special reference to its application in agriculture. In: Proc. Golden Jubilee Symp. Genetic Research and Education: Current Trends and Next Fifty Years. (Eds. B. Sharma et al.), Ind. Soc. Genet. & Plant Breeding, 4, pp: 1909-1925 (1995).

52. Singh, L., and Rajyashri, K.R.: Molecular basis of sex determination and

differentiation in mammals. Molecular Genetics & Gene Therapy: The New Frontier, Scientific Communications, Amsterdam, pp 21-44 (1995).

53. Singh, L.: Biological significance of minisatellites. Electrophoresis, 16, 1586-

1595 (1995). 54. Nagaraju, J., Sharma, A., Sethuraman, B. N., Rao, G. V. and Singh, L.: DNA

fingerprinting in silkworm Bombyx mori using banded krait minor satellite DNA-derived probe. Electrophoresis, 16, 1639-1642 (1995).

55. Rajyashri, K.R. and Singh, L.: A Bkm-associated human Y-chromosomal DNA is

conserved and transcribed in the testis of mouse. Chromosoma, 104, 274-281 (1995).

56. Majumdar, K.C., Shetty, S., Wadhwa, R., Bhaskar, S., Ganesan, M. and Singh,

L.: Detection and purification of sequence specific DNA binding protein. Anal. Biochem., 241, 23-29 (1996).

57. Jobling, M.A., Samara, V., Pandya, A., Fretwell, N., Bernasconi, B., Mitchell, R.J.,

Gerelsaikhan, T., Dashnyam, B., Sajantila, A., Salo, P.J., Nakahori, Y., Disteche, C.M., Thangaraj, K., Singh, L., Crawford, M.H. and Tyler-Smith, C.: Recurrent duplication and deletion polymorphisms on the long arm of the Y chromosome in normal males. Hum. Mol. Gen., 5, 1767-1775 (1996).

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58. Nagaraju, J.G. and Singh, L.: Assessment of genetic diversity by DNA profiling and its significance in improvement of silkworm, Bombyx mori. Electrophoresis, 18, 1676-1681 (1997).

59. Shankaranarayanan, P., Banerjee, M., Kackar, R.K., Aggarwal, R.K. and Singh,

L.: Genetic variation in Asiatic lions and Indian tigers. Electrophoresis, 18, 1693-1700 (1997).

60. Thangaraj, K., Nalini J Gupta, Chakravarty, B., and Singh, L.: XXY Female: An

unique case of sex reversal. THE LANCET, 352 (9134), 1121 (1998). 61. Shankaranarayanan, P. and Singh, L.: A rapid and simplified protocol for isolation

of DNA from Scat samples. Curr. Sci., 75 (9), 883-884 (1998). 62. Shankaranarayanan, P. and Singh, L.: Mitochondrial DNA sequences divergence

among big cats and their hybrids. Curr. Sci., 75(9), 919-923 (1998). 63. Vanaja, D.K., Sivakumar, B., Rachel, A.J., Singh, L., Janardhanasarma, M.K. and

Habibullah, C.M.: In vivo identification, survival and functional efficacy of transplanted hepatocytes in acute liver failure mice model by FISH using Y-chromosome probe. Cell Transplantation 7(3), 267-273 (1998).

64. Arpita Pandya, Turi E. King, Fabricio R. Santos, Paul G. Taylor, Kumarasamy

Thangaraj, Lalji Singh, Mark A. Jobling and Chris Tyler-Smith: A polymorphic human Y-chromosomal G to A transition found in India. Ind. J. Hum. Genet. 4, 52-61 (1998).

65. Parmar, S.N.S., Singh, L., Rao, G.V., Mishra, S.K. and Reddy, A.R. DNA

fingerprinting in poultry using multilocus probe Bkm-2(8). Indian Veterinary Journal, 75, 371-374 (1998).

66. Singh, L.: DNA fingerprinting technology and emerging legal and ethical issues.

In: Human Genome Research: Emerging Ethical, Legal, Social and Economic Issues (Eds. M G K Menon, P N Tandon, S S Agarwal and V P Sharma), pp.116-135 (1999).

67. Siva Kumar, S., Subramanian, V., Walimbe, S.R. and Singh, L.: Current Trends

in 'Ancient DNA studies' - A Review. Curr. Sci., 76(7), 101-107 (1999). 68. Narendra Kumar, A., Chandak, G.R., Rajasekhar, A., Reddy, N.C.K., and Singh,

L.: Fetus-in-Fetu: A case report with molecular analysis. J. Ped. Surg., 34 (4), 1-5 (1999).

69. Niranjan, Y., Chandak, G.R., Veerraju, P and Singh, L.: Some Atypical and Rare

Sickle Gene Haplotypes in Populations of Andhra Pradesh, India. Hum. Biol., 71 (3), 335-342 (1999).

70. Sharma, A., Niphadkar, M.P., Kathirvel, P., Nagaraju, J. and Singh, L.: DNA

fingerprint variability within and among the Silkworm Bombyx mori genotypes and estimation of their genetic relatedness using Bkm-derived probe. J. Hered. 90, 315-319 (1999).

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71. Thangaraj, K., Ramana, G.V. and Singh, L.: Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in Indian populations. Electrophoresis, 20, 1743-1747 (1999).

72. Hurles, M.E., Veitia, R., Arroyo, E., Armenteros, M., Betranpetit, J., Perez-

Lezaun, A., Bosch, E., Shlumukova, M., Cambon-Thomsen, A., McElreavey, K., Lopez de Munian, A., Rohl, A., Wilson, I.J., Singh, L., Pandya, A., Santos, F.R., Tyler-Smith, C. and Jobling, M.A.: Recent male-mediated gene flow over a linguistic barrier in Iberia suggested by analysis of a Y-chromosomal DNA polymorphism. American Journal of Human Genetics, 65, 1437-1448 (1999).

73. Singh, L., Pathak, N.H., Rachel, A.J. and Thangaraj, K.: Snake's Eye View of

Adam and Eve in Reproductive Immunology (Ed. Satish K Gupta) pp. 132-148 (1999).

74. Tatiana Zerjal, Arpita Pasndya, Fabricio R. Santos, Raju Adhikari, Eduardo

Tarazona, Lars Beckman, Manfred Kayser, Oleg Evgrafov, Lalji Singh, Kumaraswamy Thangaraj, Giovanni Destro-Bisol, Mark G. Thomas, Rahell Qamar, Qasim Mehdi, Zoe H. Rosser, Matt E. Hurles, Mark A. Jobling and Chris Tyler-Smith: The use of Y-chromosomal DNA variation to investigate population history: recent male spread in Asia and Europe. In: Genomic Diversity: Applications in Human Population Genetics (Ed. Papiha, Deka and Chakraborty) pp.91-101 (1999).

75. Hema, M.G., Zeenath, J., Ahuja, Y.R., Singh, L. Analysis of SRY : the testis

determining factor in individuals with 46XY gonadal dysgenesis. Medical Science Research, 27, 95-97 (1999).

76. Fabricio R. Santos, Arpita Pandya, Manfred Kayser, R. John Mitchell, Aiping Liu,

Lalji Singh, Giovanni Destro-Bisol, Andrea Novelletto, Raheel Qamar, S. Qasim Mehdi, Raju Adhikari, John Clegg and Chris Tyler-Smith: A polymorphic L1 retroposon insertion in the centromere of the human Y chromosome. Hum. Mol. Gen., 9, 421-430 (2000).

77. G.V. Ramana, G.R. Chandak and Lalji Singh: Sickle Cell Gene Haplotypes in

Relli and Thurpu Kapu Populations of Andhra Pradesh. Human Biology, 72, 535-540 (2000).

78. Anil K Mandal, Amar Pal Singh, Laxmi Rao, Lalji Singh, Stella Hornby and Barry

Jones: Robert’s Pseudothalidomide Syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 118, 1462-1463 (2000).

79. P. K. Rout, K. Thangaraj, A Mandal, L Singh: DNA Finger Printing of Indian goats

with a BKM-derived probe. 7th International Conference on Goats, France, 15-21 May 2000.

80. G.V. Ramana, L.Singh, R Chakraborty: The SRY-1532 site of the Human Y

chromosome is subject to recurrent single nucleotide mutations. Human Biology, 73, 71-80, (2001).

81. G.V. Ramana, Bing Su, Li Jin, Lalji Singh, Ning Wang, Peter Underhill and Ranajit

Chakraborty: Y-chromosome SNP haplotypes suggest evidence of gene flow among caste, tribe, and the migrant Siddi populations of Andhra Pradesh, South India. European J. Hum. Genetics, 9, 695-700 (2001).

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82. Thangaraj, K., Reddy, A.G. and Singh, L. Is amelogenin gene reliable for gender identification in forensic casework and prenatal diagnosis? Intl. J. Legal Med., 116, 121-123 (2002).

83. GR Chandak, MM Idris, DN Reddy, S Bhaskar, PVJ Sriram, L Singh. “Mutations

in pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor gene (PSTI/SPINK1) rather than cationic trypsinogen gene (PRSS1) are significantly associated with tropical calcific pancreatitis.” J Med. Genet., 39, 347-351 (2002).

84. David B. Everman, Cynthai F. Bartels, Yue Yang, Niranjan Yanamandra, Frances

R. Goodman, J. Roberto Mendoza-Londono, Ravi Savarirayan, Susan M. White, John M. Graham Jr., Robert Peter Gale, Eva Svarch, William G. Newman, Albert R. Kleckers, Clair A. Francomano, Vinukonda Govindaiah, Lalji Singh, Stuart Morrison, J. Terrig Thomas and Mathew L. Warman. “The mutational spectrum of brachydactyly type C”. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 112, 291-296 (2002).

85. R. K. Aggarwal, V V Shenoy, J. Ramadevi, R. Rajkumar, L. Singh. Molecular

characterization of some Indian Basmati and other elite rice genotypes using fluorescent-AFLP. Thero Appl Genet., 105, 680-690 (2002).

86. K. Thangaraj, M. Joshi, A.G. Reddy, N.J. Gupta, B. Chakravarty, L. Singh: CAG

repeat expansion in the androgen receptor gene is not associated with male infertility in Indian Populations. J. Andrology, 23, 815-818 (2002).

87. A. Singh, K. Shaijala, A. Gaur and L. Singh: Development and characterization of

novel microsatellite markers in the Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica). Molecular Ecology Notes, 2, 542-543 (2002).

88. G.R. Chandak, M. Uma Sridevi, C.J. Vas, D.M. Panikker and L. Singh:

Apolipoprotein E and Presenilin-1 Allelic Variation and Alzheimer’s Disease in India. Human Biology, v.74, no.5, pp. 683-693 (2002).

89. Subbaya Subramanian, Vamsi M Madgula, Ranjan George, Rakesh K Mishra,

Madhusudhan W Pandit, Chandrashekar S Kumar and Lalji Singh: MRD: a microsatellite repeats database for prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Genome Biology 3, 11.1-11.13 (2002).

90. Christopher N. Balakrishnan, Steven L. Monfort, Ajay Gaur, Lalji Singh and

Michael D. Sorenson: Phylogeography and conservation genetics of Eld’s deer (Cervus eldi). Molecular Ecology, 12, 1-10 (2003).

91. Thangaraj, K., Subramanian S., Reddy A.G., Singh L.: Unique Case of Deletion

and Duplication in the Long Arm of the Ychromosome in an Individual with Ambiguous Genitalia. Am. J. Med. Genet., 116A, 205-207 (2003).

92. Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Lalji Singh, Alla G. Reddy, V Raghavendra Rao,

Subhash C Sehgal, Peter A Underhill, Melanie Pierson, Ian G.Frames and Erika Hagelberg: Genetic Affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a Vasnishing Human Population. Current Biology, 13, 68-93 (2003)

93. Subbaya Subramanian, Rakesh K Mishra and Lalji Singh: Genome-wide analysis

of microsatellite repeats in human: Abundance and their density in specific genomic regions. Genome Biology, 4, R13.1-R1310 (2003).

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94. S.K. Verma and L. Singh: Novel universal primers establish identity of an enormous number of animal species for forensic application. Molecular Ecology Notes, 3,28-31 (2003).

95. Priyadarshini, P., Murthy, B. S., Nagaraju, J., Singh, L.: A GATA-binding protein

expressed predominantly in the pupal ovary of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 33, 185-195 (2003)

96. Subbaya Subramanian, Vamsi M Madgula, Ranjan George, Rakesh K Mishra,

Madhusudhan W Pandit, Chandrashekar S Kumar and Lalji Singh: Triplet repeats in human genome: distribution and their association with genes and other genomic regions. Bioinformatics,19, 549-552 (2003).

97. Subbaya Subramanian, Rakesh K Mishra and Lalji Singh: Genome-wide analysis

of Bkm sequences (GATA repeats): predominant association with sex chromosomes and potential role in higher order chromatin organization and function. Bioinformatics, 19, 6, 681-685 (2003).

98. Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Manjunath B. Joshi, Alla G. Reddy, Avinash A Rasalkar,

and Lalji Singh: Sperm Mitochondrial Mutations as a Cause of Low Sperm Motility. Journal of Andrology, 24, No.3, 388-392 (2003)

99. Bhupendra N. Singh, Amritha Suresh, Gogineni Uma Prasad, Subbaya

Subramanian, Mehar Sultana, Sandeep Goel, Satish Kumar and Lalji Singh: A highly conserved human gene encoding a novel member of WD-repeat family of proteins (WDR13), Genomics, 81, 315-328 (2003).

100. Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Nalini J Gupta, K Pavani, Alla G. Reddy, Subbaya

Subramanian, Deepa Selvi Rani, Bibaswan Ghosh, Baidyanath Chakravarty and Lalji Singh: Y Chromosome Deletions in Azoospermic Men in India. Journal of Andrology, 24, 588-597 (2003).

101. Subramanian S, Vamsi M Madugula, Ranjan George, Satish Kumar, Madhusudhan W Pandit

and Lalji Singh: SSRD: simple sequence repeat database for human genome. Comp Funct Genom., 4, 342-345 (2003).

102. Shivaji, S., Kholkute, S.D., Verma, S. K., and Lalji Singh (19 authors). Conservation

of wild animals by assisted reproduction and molecular marker technology. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 2003, 41, 710-723.

103. Verma, S.K., Prasad K., Nagesh, N., Sultana, M., Singh, L. Was elusive carnivore a

panther? DNA typing of faeces reveals the mystery. Forensic Science International, 137, 16-20 (2003).

104. A. Gaur, A. Singh, V. Arunabala, G. Umapathy, K Shailaja and L. Singh.

Development and characterization of 10 novel microsatellite markers from Chital deer (Cervus axis) and their cross-amplification in other related species. Molecular Ecology Notes, 3, 607-609 (2003).

105. MW Pandit and Lalji Singh. Science of establishing identity – Past, present and

future. Palaeobotanist, 52, 1-11 (2003). 106. Raghavendra V Rao, Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Alla G Reddy, V Sridhar, Lalji Singh.

Pairwise MtDNA-HVRII sequence differences and geographic maternal distances among Korku, an Austro-Asiatic tribe in Central India. Indian Journal of Human Genetics, 9, 25-28 (2003).

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107. Aggarwal, R. K., J. Ramadevi, L. Singh). Ancient origin and evolution of the Indian wolf: evidence from mitochondrial DNA typing of wolves from Trans-Himalayan region and Pennisular India. Genome Biology, 4: P6 (2003).

108. Lakshmi Rao, Arvind Babu, Murthy Kanakavalli, Venkata Padmalatha, Amar Pal

Singh, Prashant Kumar Singh, Mamata Deenadayal and Lalji Singh. Chromosomal abnormalities and Y-chromosome microdeletions in infertile men with varicocele and idiopathic infertility of South Indian origin. Journal of Andrology, 25, 147-153 (2004)

109. Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Alla G Reddy and Lalji Singh. Mutation in STR Locus D21S11 of

Father Causing Allele Mismatch in the Child. Journal of Forensic Science, 49, (2004) 110. Manjunatha B Joshi, Pramod K Rout, Ajoy K Mandal, Chris Tyler-Smith, Lalji Singh and

Kumarasamy Thangaraj. Phylogeography and Origin of Indian Domestic Goats. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 21(3), 454-462 (2004).

111. Ramesh K Aggarwal, T P Velavan, D Udaykumar, P S Hendre, Kartik Shanker, B C

Choudhury and Lalji Singh. Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers from the olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea). Molecular Ecology Notes, 4, 77-79 (2004).

112. Anju Singh, Ajay Gaur, K. Shailaja, B. Satyare Bala, Lalji Singh. A novel

microsatellite (STR) marker for forensic identification of big cats in India. Forensic Science International, 141, 143-147 (2004).

113. G.R. Chandak, M.M. Idris, D.N. Reddy, K.R. Mani, S. Bhaskar, G.V. Rao, L. Singh. Absence of

PRSS1 mutations and association of SPINK1 trypsin inhibitor mutations in hereditary and non-heriditary chronic pancreatitis. Gut, 53, 723-728 (2004).

114. K Arvind Babu, K Lakshmi Rao, M K Kanakavalli, W Surayanarayana, Mamata Deenadayal,

Lalji Singh. CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to polycystic ovaries in South Indian women. Reproductive BioMedicine, Vol.9. No.2, 194-200 (2004).

115. Ramesh K Aggarwal, D. Udaykumar, P.S. Hendre, A. Sarkar and Lalji Singh. Isolation and

characterization of six novel microsatellite markers for mulberry (Morus indica). Molecular Ecology Notes, 4, 477-479 (2004).

116. H. Dixit, M. Deendayal and L. Singh. Mutational analysis of mature peptide region of

inhibin genes in Indian women with ovarian failure. Human Reproduction, Vol.19(8), 1760-1764 (2004).

117. Sunil Kumar Verma, Ravindra Kumar Sinha and Lalji Singh. Phylogenetic position of

Platanista gangetica: insights from the mitochondrial cytochrome b and nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Vol 33, 280-288 (2004).

118. Langstiesh BT, Reddy BM, Thangaraj K, Singh L. Genetic Diversity and

Relationships among the tribes of Meghalaya compared to other Indian and Continental Populations. Hum Biol. 76:569-590 (2004).

119. Venkata Suryanarayana, Mamata Deenadayal and Lalji Singh. Association of

CYO1A1 gene polymorphism with recurrent pregnancy loss in the South Indian population. Human Reproduction, Vol. 19, No.11 2648-2652 (2004).

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120. K. Shanker, J. Ramadevi, B.C. Choudhury, L. Singh, R.K. Aggarwal. Phylogeography of olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) on the east coast of India: implications of conservation theory. Molecular Ecology 13(7) 1899-1909 (2004).

121. Lakshmi Rao, Arvind Babu, Venkata Padmalatha, Murthy Kanakavalli, Mamata

Deenadayal and Lalji Singh. Novel X-chromosomal defect associated with abnormal ovarian function. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. Vol. 31 (1), 12-15 (2005).

122. Kumarasamy Thangraj, Vempati Sridhar, Toomas Kivisild, Alla G. Reddy,

Gyaneshwer Chaubey, Vijay Kumar Singh, Suminder Kaur, Pooja Agarwal, Amit Rai, Jalaj Gupta, Chandana Basu Mallick, Niraj Kumar, Thrimulaisamy P Velavan, Rajanbabu Suganthan, Divi Udaykumar, Rashmi Kumar, Rachana Mishra, Arif Khan, Chitikineni Annapurna, Lalji Singh. Different population histories of the Mundari- and Mon-Khmer-speaking Austro-Asiatic tribes inferred from the mtDNA 9-bp deletion/insertion polymorphism in Indian populations. Hum. Genet. Vol. 116, 507-517 (2005).

123. Reddy BM., Naidu VM, Madhavi VK, Thangaraj K, Langtieh BT, Venkataramana P,

Kumar V, Singh L. STR Data for the Amp FlSTR Profiler Plus Loci Among 27 Populations of Different Social Hierarchy from Southern Part of Andhra Pradesh, India. Forensic Sci. Intl. 149: 81-97 (2005).

124. K Thangaraj, Gyaneshwar, Thomas Kivisile, A.G. Reddy, Vijay Singh, Avinash

Rasalkar and Lalji Singh. Reconstructing the origin of Andaman Islanders. Science Vol. 308; 996 (2005).

125. M. Sachdev, R. Sankaranarayanan, P. Reddanna, K. Thangaraj, L. Singh. Major

histocompatibility complex class I polymorphism in Asiatic lions. Tissue Antigens Vol. 66: 9-18 (2005).

126. K Lakshmi Rao, K Arvind Babu, M K Kanakavalli, V V Padmalatha, Mamata

Deenadayal and Lalji Singh. Prevalence of chromosome defects in azoospermic and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic South Indian infertile men attending infertility clinic, Reproductive Biomedicine Online Vol. 10, No. 4. 467–472 (2005).

127. Sandeep Kumar Gupta, Sunil Kumar Verma and Lalji Singh. Molecular insight into a

wildlife crime: the case of peafowl slaughter, Forensic Science International Vol. 154 No.2-3. 214-217 (2005).

128. K Anil Kumar, K Lakshmi Rao, Suryanarayana V Vedula, Kanakavalli M K,

Padmalatha V Vaddamani, Mamta Deendayal and Lalji Singh. Screening of Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase gene in Indian women with ovarian failure, Reproductive Bio Medicine Online Vol.11.No 4. 44-448 (2005).

129. Hridesh Dixit, Lakshmi K. Rao, Venkata Padmalatha, Murthy Kanakavalli, Mamatha Deenadayal, Nalini Gupta, Baidyanath N. Chakravarty, Lalji Singh (2005). Mutational screening of coding region of Growth Differentiation Factor 9 gene in Indian women with ovarian failure, Menopause Vol 12 No.6. 749-754 (2005).

130. K Lakshmi Rao, M K Kanakavalli, K Arvind Babu, V V Padmalatha, Mamata

Deenadayal and Lalji Singh. Chromosome inversions and a novel chromosome insertion associated with recurrent miscarriages in South India, Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology 272(4) 273-7 (2005).

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131. Lalji Singh, Thangaraj, G R Chandak, et al from CCMB: The Indian Genome Variation Consortium. Human Genet (2005) Vol. 1-11

132. Rajender Singh, Selvi R. Deepa, Sakhamuri Madhavi, Nalini J. Gupta, Baidyanath

Chakravarty, Lalji Singh, Kumarsamy Thangaraj. Male infertility: No Evidence of Involvement of Androgen Receptor Gene among Indian Men. J. Androl. 27(1) 102-105 (2006).

133. Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Gyaneshwer Chaubey, Toomas Kivisild, Alla G Reddy,

Vijay Kumar Singh, Avinash A Rasalkar and Lalji Singh: Response to Comment on “Reconstructing the Origin of Andaman Islanders”. Science: Vol. 311. 470b (2006).

134. Singh Rajender, Vutukuri Rajani, Nalini J. Gupta, Baidyanath Chakravarty, Lalji

Singh, Kumarasamy Thangaraj: SRY negative 46,XX male with normal genitals, complete masculinization and infertility. Mol Hum Reprod. doi:10.1093/molehr/gal030).

135. Thangaraj K, Deepa SelviRani, Pavani K, Gupta NJ, Reddy P, Reddy AG,

Chakravarty BN, Singh L (2006) A to G transitions at 260, 386 and 437 in DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure in Indian population. Intl. J. Androl. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2006.00685.x)

136. Thangaraj K, Chaubey G, Singh VK, Reddy AG, Pavate PP, Singh L Genetic Profile

of Nine Autosomal STR Loci Among Halakki and Kunabhi Populations of Karnataka, India. J. Forensic Sci. 51: 190-192 (2006).

137. Vikrant Kumar, Banrida T. Lasngstieh, Komal V Madhavi, Vegi M. Naidu, Hardeep

Pal Singh, Silpak Biswas, Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Lalji Singh, B. Mohan Reddy Global patterns in Human mtDNA Versus Y-chromosome Variation Caused by Spatial Instability of the Local Cultural Processes. PloS Genetics Vol.2, Issue 4 e53 (2006).

138. Golla N. Prasad Prasad, Ayyasamy Vanniarajan, Cyril Emmanuel, Kotturathu

Mammen Cherian, Lalji Singh, Kumarasamy Thangaraj K. Novel mitochondrial DNA mutations in a rare variety of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Intl. J. Cardiol.

109: 432-433 (2006). 139. Vanniarajan A, Nayak D, Reddy AG, Singh L, Thangaraj K. Clinical and genetic

uniqueness in an individual with MELAS. Am. J. Med. Genet 141B: 440-444 (2006) 140. Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Gyaneshwer Chaubey, Vijay Kumar Singh, Ayyasamy

Vanniarajan, Ismail Thanseem, Alla G. Reddy, Lalji Singh In situ origin of deep rooting lineages of mitochondrial Macrohaplogroup M in India BMC Genomics 7:151 (2006)

141. Vanniarajan A, Rajshekher GP, Joshi MB, Reddy AG, Singh L, Thangaraj K (Novel

mitochondrial mutation in the ND4 gene associated with Leigh Syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2006.00673.x (2006).

142. Venkata Suryanarayana, Lakshmi Rao, Murthy Kanakavalli, Venkata Padmalatha,

Mamata Deenadayal, Lalji Singh. Recurrent early pregnancy loss and endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms. Arc. Gynecol. Obstet. 274, 119-124 (2006).

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143. Rajender Singh, Prabhakar K Shastry, Avinash A Rasalkar, Lalji Singh and K Thangaraj. A novel androgen receptor mutation resulting in complete androgen insensitivity syndrome and bilateral Leydig cell hyperplasia. Journal of Andrology (2006)

144. Gupta SK, Thangaraj K, Singh L. A Simple and Inexpensive Molecular Method for

Sexing and Identification of the Forensic Samples of Elephant Origin. J. Forensic Sci. 51 (2006). http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00154.x

145. Singh Rajender, Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Nalini J. Gupta, N. Leelavathy, Deepa

Selvi Rani, Renjini G Nambiar, Vadivelu Kalavathy, Sathiyavedu T Santhiya, Sayee Rajangam, Puthiya M. Gopinath, Baidyanath Chakravarty, Lalji Singh. A Novel human sex-determining gene linked to Xp11.21-11.23. J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab. (2006) 4028-4036.

146. Kumar V, Langsiteh BT, Biswas S, Babu JP, Rao TN, Thangaraj K, Reddy AG, Singh

L, Reddy BM. Asian and Non-Asian Origins of Mon-Khmer and Mundari Speaking Austro-Asiatic populations of India. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18: 461-469 (2006)

147. Thanseem I, Thangaraj K, Chaubey G, Singh VK, Bhaskar LVKS, Reddy BM, Reddy

AG, Singh L. Genetic Affinities Among the Lower Castes and Tribal Groups of India: Inference from Y Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA. BMC Genetics 7:42 (2006). 148 Hridesh Dixit, Lakshmi Rao, Venkata V Padmalatha, Murthy Kanakavalli, Mamata Deenadayal, Nalini Gupta, Baidyanath Chakrabarty, Lalji Singh. Missensemutations in the BMP15 gene are associated with overrian failure.Human Gennet (2006) 119: 408-417

148. H.Dixit, Lakshmi Rao, V V Padmalatha, Murthy Kanakavalli, Mamata Deenadayal,

Nalini Gupta, B.N. Chakrabarty, Lalji Singh Missence Mutations in the BMP15 gene ara associated with ovarian, Human Gennet (2006 ) 119: 408 - 415

149. H.Dixit, Lakshmi Rao, V V Padmalatha, Murthy Kanakavalli, Mamata Deenadayal,

Nalini Gupta, B.N. Chakrabarty, Lalji Singh. Mutational analysis of the betaglycan gene-coding region in susceptibility for overian failure Human Reproduction (2006) 1-6

150. H. Dixit, M. Deendayal and Lalji singh. Mutational analysis of the mature peptide

region of inhibin genes in Indian women with ovarian failure Human Reproduction Vol.19,No.8 pp.1760-1764,(2004)

151. Ramana Gutala, Denise R. Carvalho-Silva, Li Jin, Bryndis Yngvadottir, Vasanthi

Avadhanula, Khaja Nanne, Lalji Singh, Ranajit Chakraborty and Chris Tyler-Smith: A shared Y-chromosomal heritage between Muslims and Hindus in India. Hum Genet (2006) DOI 10.1007/s00493-006-0234-x

152. Nikita Thakur, Nageshwar D Reddy, Venkateshwar G Rao, Mohan P Krishna,,Lalji

Singh and Giriraj R Chandak : A novel mutation in STK11 gene is associated with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome in Indian patients. BMC Medical Genetics (2006) doi:10.1186/1471/-2350-7-73.

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153. Tatiana Zerjal, Arpita Pandya, Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Edmund Y. S. Ling, Jennifer Kearley, Stefania Bertoneri, Silvia Paracchini, Lalji Singh, Chris Tyler-Smith: Y-chromosomal insights into the genetic impact of the caste system in India" Human Genet (2007) 121:137-144 (DOI 10.1007/s00439-006-0282-2).

154. Swapna Mahurkar, Mohammed M Idris, Nageshwar D Reddy, Seema Bhaskar,

Venkateshwar G Rao, Varghese Thomas, Lalji Singh and Giriraj Ratan Chandak: Association of cathepsin B gene polymorphisms with tropical Calcific pancreatitis. Gut (2006) doi:10.1136/gut.2005.087403.

155. Deepa-SelviRani, Vanniarajan A, Gupta NJ, Chakravarty BN, Singh L, Thangaraj K:

A novel missense mutation C11994T in the mitochondrial ND4 gene as a cause of low sperm motility in the Indian subcontinent. Fertility and Sterility (2006) doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.04.044.

156. Bhagavatula J, Singh L. Genotyping faecal samples of Bengal tiger Panthera tigris

tigris for population estimation: a pilot study. BMC Genet. 2006 Oct 17;7:48. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/7/48

157. Ajay Gaur, Kesaraju Shailaja, Anju Singh, Veluri Arunabala, Borusu Satyarebala & Lalji Singh:

Twenty polymorphic microsatellite markers in the Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica). Conservation Genetics (2006) 7:1005-1008. DOI 10.1007/s10592-006-9121-1.

158. Singh Rajender, Lalji Singh, Kumarasamy Thangaraj: Phenotypic heterogeneity of mutations

in androgen receptor gene. Asian J Androl (2007); 9:147-149. 159. Zeenath Jehan, Sambandam Vallinayagam, Shrish Tiwari, Suman Pradhan, Lalji Singh,

Amritha Suresh, Hemakumar M. Reddy, Y.R. Ahuja and A. Jesudasan: Novel noncoding RNA from human Y distal heterochromatic block (Yq12) generates testis-specific chimeric CDC21_2. Genome Research (2007), 17: 433-440.

160. Seema Bhaskar, DN Reddy, Swapna Mahurkar, GV Rao, Lalji Singh and Giriraj Chandak:

Lack of significant association of an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene with tropical calcific pancreatitis. BMC Gastroenterology published online December 12, 2006. doi:10.1186/1471-230X-6-42.

161. Mala Ganesan, Khanderao R. Paithankar, Medicharla V. Jagannadham, Curam S.

Sundaram, Bulusu S. Murthy, Lalji Singh: Characterization of novel DNA-binding proteins expressed in snake oocyte cDNA library. J. Protein Expression and Purification 53 (2007)164-178; doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.11.007.

162. R K Aggarwal, T Kivisild, J Ramadevi and L Singh: Mitochondrial DNA coding region

sequences support the phylogenetic distinction of two Indian wolf species. J Zool Syst Evol Res (2007) 45(2), 163-172; doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00400.x.

163. Vikrant Kumar, Arimanda N S Reddy, Jagadish P Babu, Tipirisetti N Rao, Banrida T Langstieh, Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Alla G Reddy, Lalji Singh and Battini M Reddy: Y-chromosome evidence suggests a common paternal heritage of Austro-Asiatic populations. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2007) 7:47; doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-47

164. A. Khattri, R.K. Pandey, N.J. Gupta, B. Chakravarty, M. Deendayal, L. Singh and K. Thangaraj: CA repeat and Rsal polymorphisms in ERβ gene are not associated with infertility in Indian men. International Journal of Andrology, 30, 1-7 (2007).

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165. V. R. Rao, L.V.K.S.Bhaskar, C Annapurna, A.G.Reddy, K Thangaraj, A.Papa Rao, Lalji Singh: Single Nuceotide Polymorphisms in Alcohol Dyhydrogenase Genes

Among Some Indian Population. American Journal of Human Biology 338-344 (2007)

166. K. Thangaraj, G. Chaubey, A.G. Reddy, V.K. Singh, L. Singh. Autosomal STR data on the enigmatic Andaman Islanders. Forensic Sci. Intl. 169, 247-251 (2007).

167. Venkata V Suryanarayana, Lakshmi Rao, Murthy K Kanakavalli, Venkata V Padmalatha, Mamata Deenadayal, Lalji Singh. Role of CYP17 and CYP19 polymorphisms in idiopathic recurrent miscarriages among South Indian Women. Reproductive BioMedicine Online. 14, 341-347 (2007)

168. Thangaraj K, Chaubey G, Singh VK, Reddy AG, Chauhan P, Malvee R, Pavate PP, Singh L:.Y-Chromosomal STR Haplotypes in Two Endogamous Tribal Populations of Karnataka, India. J Forensic Sci. 52(3):751-3 (2007).

169. Singh Rajender, Nalini J Gupta, Baidyanath Chakravarty, Lalji Singh, Kumarasamy

Thangaraj: Androgen insensitivity syndrome: Do trinucleotide repeats in androgen receptor gene have any role? Asian Journal of Androl. Dec 20 (Epub ahead of print)

170. Dhandapany PS, Sakthivel S, Vanniarajan A, Karthikeyan B, Nagaraj C,

Gowrishankar K, Selvam GS, Singh L, Thangaraj K (2006) Novel mitochondrial DNA mutations implicated in Noonan syndrome. Intl. J. Cardiol. 120: 284-285 (2007).

171. Stephan M Funk, Sunil K Verma, Greger Larson, Kasturi Prasad, Lalji Singh, Goutam

Narayan and John E Fa (2007) The pygmy hog is a unique genus: 19th century taxonomists got it right first time round. Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.08.007.

172. Rajender S, Singh L, Thangaraj K. L859F Mutation in Androgen Receptor Gene Results

in Complete Loss of Androgen binding to the Receptor. J Androl. 28:772-776 (2007). 173. Aggarwal R. K., P. S. Hendre, R. K. Varshney, P. R. Bhat, V. Krishnakumar and L.

Singh (2007) Identification, characterization and utilization of EST-derived genic microsatellite markers for genome analyses of coffee and related species. Theoretical & Applied Genetics, 114: 359-372; DOI 10.1007/s00122-006-0440-x.

174. Bhaskar LVKS, Thangaraj K, Shah AM, Pardhasarahi G, Kumar LP, Reddy AG, Rao

AP, Mulligan CJ, Singh L, Rao VR (2007). Allelic variation in the NPY gene in 14 Indian populations. J. Hum. Genet. 52:592-598.

175. B. Mohan Reddy, B. T. Langstieh1, Vikrant Kumar, T. Nagaraja, A. N. S. Reddy,

Aruna Meka, A. G. Reddy, K. Thangaraj, Lalji Singh. Austro-Asiatic Tribes of Northeast India Provide Hitherto Missing Genetic Link between South and Southeast Asia. PloS ONE 2: e1141 (2007)

176. Aggarwal, R. K., Albert Lalremruata, T. P. Velavan, Ayyadevara Pavani Sowjanya,

Lalji Singh (2007). Development and characterization of ten novel microsatellite markers from olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea). Conservation Genetics. DOI: 10.1007/s10592-007-9421-0.

177. K. Praveen Karanth, Lalji Singh, Randall V Collura, Caro-Beth Stewart: Molecular

phylogeny and biogeography of langurs and leaf monkeys of South Asia (Primates: Colobinae). Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution 46:683-694(2008).

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178. Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Gyaneshwer Chaubey, Toomas Kivisild, Deepa Selvi Rani,

Vijay Kumar Singh, Thanseem Ismail, Denise Carvalho-Silva, Mait Metspalu, LVKS Bhaskar, Alla G. Reddy, Sharat Chandra, Veena Pande, B. Prathap-Naidu, Niharika Adarsh, Abhilasha Verma, Inaganti Amara Jyothi, Chandana Basu Mallick, Nidhi Shrivastava, Ragala Devasena, Babita Kumari, Amit Kumar Singh, Shailendra Kumar Dhar Diwedi, Shefali Singh, Geeta Rao, Pranav Gupta, Vartika Sonvane, Kavita Kumar, Afsar Basha, K. R Bhargavi, Albert Lalremruata, Aravind Kumar Gupta, Gurukamal Kaur, K. K. Reddy. A. Papa Rao, Richard Villems, Chris Tyler-Smith, Lalji Singh: Maternal Footprints of Southeast Asians in North India. Human Heredity 66(1):1-9 (2007).DOI: 10.1159/000114160.

179. Pramod K Rout, Manjunath B Joshi, Ajoy Mandal, D Laloe, Lalji Singh and

Kumarasamy Thangaraj: Microsatellite-based phylogeny of Indian domestic goats. BMC Genetics 9:11 (2008) doi: 10.1186/1471-2156-9-11.

180. Rajender S, Pandu G, Annapurna Ch, Sharma JD, Gandhi KPC, Sing L, Thangaraj K: Reduced CAG repeats length in androgen receptor gene is associated with violent criminal behavior. Intl. J. Legal Med (Published online: 26 March 2008). 

181. Bhaskar LVKS, Thangaraj K, Mulligan CJ, Rao AP, Pardhasaradhi G, Kumar KP, Shah

AM, Sabeera B, Reddy AG, Singh L, Rao VR (2008) Allelic variation and haplotype structure of the Dopamine receptor gene DRD2 in 9 Indian populations. Genet. Testing 12:153-160

  

 Research Papers (In press)

1. Rani DS, Carlus JS, Poongothai J, Jyothi A, Pavani K , Gupta NJ, Reddy AG, Rajan

MM, Chakravarty BN, Singh L, Thangaraj K (2008) CAG repeat variation in the mtDNA polymerase γ (POLG) is not associated with oligoasthenozoospermia. Intl. J. Androl. (in press).

2. Suryavathi V, Khattri A, Gopal K, Rani DS, Panneerdoss S, Gupta NJ, Chakravarty BN,

Deendayal M, Singh L, Thangaraj K (2008) Novel variants in UBE2B gene and idiopathic male infertility. J. Androl. (in press)

Research Report 1. Shanker Kartik, B. C. Choudhary, R. K.Aggarwal, Lalji Singh (2000) Conservation

genetics of the Olive Ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) on the east coast of India- a report. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, India.

Research Papers in Conference Proceedings

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1. Aggarwal, Ramesh K., R. Rajkumar, P. Rajendrakumar, Prasad S. Hendre, A. Baruah, R. Phanindranath, V. Annapurna, N. S. Prakash, A. Santaram, C. S. Srinivasan, Lalji Singh (2004). Fingerprinting of Indian Coffee Selections and

Development of Reference DNA Polymorphism Panels for creating Molecular IDs for Variety Identification. In: Proceedings of ASIC 2004: 20th International Conference on Coffee Sciences, Banglore, India, 11 –15 October 2004.

2. Aggarwal, Ramesh K., A. Baruah, V. Naik, Prasad S. Hendre, A. Ashraf, P.

Rajendrakumar, R. Rajkumar, V. Annapurna, R. Phanindranath, N. S. Prakash, C. S. Srinivasan, Lalji Singh (2004). Development and Characterization of Coffee Specific Microsatellite Markers for use as Potential Genetic Markers. In: Proceedings of ASIC 2004: 20th International Conference on Coffee Sciences, Banglore, India, 11–15 October 2004.

3. Bhat, Prasanna R., V. Krishnakumar, P. S. Hendre, P. Rajendrakumar, Lalji Singh,

Ramesh K. Aggarwal (2004). Identification of Putative Resistance Gene Analogues in Coffea and related Psilanthus taxa. In: Proceedings of ASIC 2004: 20th International Conference on Coffee Sciences, Banglore, India, 11 –15 October 2004.

E. LIST OF PATENTS AND POPULAR ARTICLES Patents: 1. Verma, S.K., and Singh L,: Universal primers to establish the identity of animal parts

and products 2003/7489 dated 24.11.2004 (South Africa – Granted) The US patent was granted on November 28, 2006. Its number is 7,141,364

2. Indian patent on Bkm and Bkm-derived probes has been filed (Application No. 1000 DEL 88), CSIR, New Delhi.

Popular Articles: 1. “Breakthroughs in Bio-Technology” presented at the seminar at CCMB on the

theme – “Leadership in scientific endeavour for human development: the Indian experience” on April 7, 2000.

2. “Human Genome: Decoding the genetic code” published in Chartered Financial

Analyst – August 2000. 3. “DNA Testing, Evidence Act and Expert Witness” published in The Indian Police

Journal – December 2000 4. Science for Children: an Interview at the Indian Science Congress: 88th Session.

In: Food Nutrition and Environmental Security: The Road Ahead. A publication brought out by the National Institute of Science Communication, New Delhi pp.371-375, 2001.

5 Human Genome: A Gift of 20th Century and Challenge for 21st Century by M W

Pandit and Lalji Singh – Defence Science Journal Vol. 51 October 2001 No 4 (Special Issue on Recent Advances in Biotechnology).

6. Human Genome and Beyond– published in CSIR News Vol. 51 No. 8 April 2001.

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7. An article on “The story of a village where birth of identical twins is common” published in EENADU Telugu daily, July 31, 2003.

8. Several articles in Hindi in “Jigyasa’ a periodical brought out by CCMB. 9. Book titled “You Deserve, We Conserve: A Biotechnological Approach to Wildlife

Conservation” (by Dr Lalji Singh and Dr M W Pandit) unveiled by H.E. Dr A P J Abdul Kalam, Hon’ble President of Indian on the occasion of dedication of LaCONES to the nation on 1st February 2007.

10. Book Titled “Scientoonic Tell-Tale of Genome and DNA” (by Dr Lalji Singh, Dr M W

Pandit and Dr Pradeep Srivastava)

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F. INFORMATION ON AND RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONS 1. Development of a universal probe for DNA fingerprinting

Dr Singh and his colleagues in the CCMB, at Hyderabad, developed a probe called Bkm-derived probe for DNA fingerprinting, as a fall out of their earlier internationally well-known work on the mechanisms of determination of sex. This indigenously developed probe is being extensively in use for forensic investigations, paternity determinations and seed stock verifications. DNA fingerprinting evidence was presented in the court and for the first time in the annals of Indian history this result was accepted as an infallible evidence in the court of law. This verdict was upheld by the Kerala High Court. Since then, this technology was used in 500 cases of paternity disputes, identification of missing children, identification of mutilated bodies, identification of exchanged babies in hospitals and rape and murder cases, etc. These include sensational cases of assassination of the late Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi, assassination of Punjab Chief Minister, Swami Premananda case and the famous tandoor case of Naina Sahni. Setting up of CDFD

A separate autonomous "Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics" (CDFD) has been set up by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India to apply and further develop this technology for the benefit of the country. Dr Lalji Singh, as the First In-Charge Officer on Special Duty to this Centre, had immensely contributed to its present status (From Oct.1995 to Feb.1999) in addition to his research and other responsibilities in the CCMB. The Centre is already providing DNA diagnostic services for many genetic disorders such as Thalassemia, Sickle Cell Anemia, Mental Retardation, Fragile-X Syndrome, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Huntington's Disease, Azoospermia, etc. The ultimate aim of the Centre is to develop, acquire and standardize the protocols for carrier detection, prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for all the genetic disorders prevalent in our country. This is an important achievement for CCMB and CSIR. In recognition of this contribution, Dr Singh and his group have recently been awarded the CSIR Technology Award.

2. DNA fingerprinting using indigenously developed Bkm-derived probe

for phylogenetic analyses

DNA Fingerprinting has so far been used only in individual identification and establishment of biological relationships owing to its extreme power of resolving individual specific variation present in the genome.

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At the CCMB, Dr Singh and his colleagues by using the indigenously developed Bkm-derived probe, which is successfully used for human DNA fingerprinting, have shown, for the first time, that DNA fingerprinting can effectively be used to infer the generic affinities among related group of animals like crocodilians. This was hitherto thought not to be feasible largely because the fingerprint profiles are believed to evolve too rapidly to be informative over large time intervals. Based on qualitative differences in the fingerprints and quantitative differences in the copy number of Bkm-related sequences in the genomes, they have been

able to infer generic affinities among different species/genera of crocodilians, which are in agreement with the consensus phylogeny reconstructed using various other approaches together. This observation is of great importance as it establishes, for the first time, the potential utility of this molecular technique in the study of evolutionary relationships of plants and animals. Dr Lalji Singh is presently using this for wild life preservation and better management of endangered species in our zoos and also for identification and isolation of genes for useful characters in silkworm races. This technology is also being used for medical diagnosis.

3. Studies on molecular basis of sex determination

Isolation of highly conserved sex chromosome-specific satellite DNA, 'Bkm', from the female Indian snake, the Banded Krait, made the beginning of the understanding of the molecular basis of sex-determination, which is one of the most important unsolved problems in modern biology. Now, this has also become the basis of our understanding of sex-reversal in humans. For the first time, Dr Lalji Singh and his colleagues have reported a unique case of sex reversal of an individual who has the 47,XXY chromosome constitution but a female phenotype. This finding of the occurrence of XXY female with normal SRY, ZFY and SOX9 genes testifies the involvement of other gene(s) in sex determination.

4. Sex and germ cell-specific Bkm-binding protein

Bkm sequences in snakes, Bkm-associated Y-specific sequences p102d(2) in human and M34 in mouse, are interspersed amongst other sequences along the entire length of the sex-determining chromosomes. The consensus sequence in these sex chromosome specific repeats is the conserved tetranucleotide repeat GATA component of Bkm. Dr Singh and his associates have purified a sex- and germ-cell-specific protein from snake ovary, which specifically binds GATA repeats of Bkm. This may be the potential signal responsible for the decondensation (activation) of the sex-determining chromosome. In silkworm Bombyx mori BKM-binding protein (BBP) is expressed predominantly in pupal ovary suggesting its probable role in bringing about coordinated conformational changes in chromatin to activate genes present in associated chromosomal domains.

5. Wildlife Conservation- Genetic variation in Asiatic lions and Indian tigers

Previous reports suggested that Asiatic lions and tigers in India are highly inbred and exhibit very low levels of genetic variation. Dr Singh and his colleagues' analyses on these species have shown much higher degree of polymorphism than reported. Analysis of 38 Asiatic lions, which exist as a single population in the Gir Forest Sanctuary in India, revealed an average heterozygosity of 25.82%. In Indian tigers, microsatellite analysis and multilocus fingerprinting on a population of 22 individuals revealed a heterozygosity of 22.65%. Microsatellite analysis has enabled the identification of the pure Asiatic lions from the hybrids. Similar analysis of hair samples enabled them to identify hybrids of Indian and Siberian tigers. Microsatellite analysis was performed on 50-125 years old skin samples from museum specimens. Their results show similar levels of genetic variability as in the present population (21.01%). Studies of Asiatic lions and tigers have further helped in identifying individuals with high genetic variability which can be used for conservation breeding programmes. Recently Dr Singh’s group isolated highly polymorphic microsatellite loci from a partial genomic library of the Asiatic lion, which show much higher levels of variation.

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Setting up of LaCONES

Based on the studies of Dr Lalji Singh and his colleagues on Wildlife Conservation, Government of India has taken a decision to set up a “Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES)” in Hyderabad close to the Nehru Zoological Park in collaboration with the Central Zoo Authority of India, New Delhi; the Dept. of Forests, Govt. of A.P, Hyderabad; the Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad and the Dept. of Biotechnology (DBT), New Delhi. The civil construction of the facility is now complete to the extent of 80-90%. The scientists have already developed a semen cryobank of tigers, lions, and leopards and hope to create egg, embryo and cell banks for future use.

6. A novel universal approach of species identification for forensic

applications A PCR-based approach has been established which, without knowing the history of a forensic sample, can reveal whether the source of the sample is human or animal, and if animal, which of the 221 animal species. Primers used in these studies are universal, and thus can be used for number of other species. This approach could be an ultimate solution for the identification of species for forensic applications.

7. Conservation genetics of Eld’s deer

Eld’s deer is a highly endangered cervid distributed historically throughout much of South Asia and Indo-China. Mitochondrial DNA control region was analyzed in these species to get better understanding of genetic population structure and evolutionary history. The results suggest a strong degree of phylogeographic structure, both between subspecies and among population within subspecies, indicating that dispersal of individuals between populations has been very limited historically. These findings will be useful for continued managements of these species.

8. Genetic affinities of Andaman Islanders

Dr Lalji Singh and his group have undertaken the study on genetic diversity in primitive tribes of India including the tribal populations of Andaman and Nicobar islands using Y-chromosomal markers and mtDNA sequences. Data indicates that the Andamanese have closer affinities to Asian than to African populations, and suggests that they are the descendants of the early Paleolithic colonizers of Southeast Asia – the hunter gatherers and the first migrants moved out of Africa about 60,000-100,000 years ago.

9. DNA based molecular diagnostics

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During the studies on various patients from Andhra Pradesh, Dr Lalji Singh and his group came across several interesting cases which many a times become the basis for further clinical research in terms of their genetic association and allelic variation. Sickle cell anemia, Alzheimer’s disease, BCD, male infertility, pancreatitis, and Robert’s syndrome are some such examples. These studies have further helped in better understanding of the role played by genetic factors in these diseases, and the possibility of developing better diagnostic tools for the detection and the management of such diseases.

10. A highly conserved novel human gene implicated in testicular development

Dr Lalji Singh and his group identified and characterized a novel human gene, which is predominantly expressed in testis showing two special variants. The over-expressed GFP fusion protein localizes to the nucleus, suggesting a regulatory function to the protein. The knock out of the gene resulted in sterility in male mice with abnormal testis completely devoid of germ cells; this testifies involvement of this gene in testicular development.

11. Mystery of Our Own Origins

India represents 1/6th of the world population and largest human biodiversity in the world. Dr Singh and his group at the Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad undertook the genetic biodiversity study of human populations with special emphasis on the vanishing tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, using Y-chromosomal markers and mitochondrial DNA sequencing. Their study has revealed that two tribes in Andamans are the descendants of the people who migrated 70,000 years ago from Africa. This is considered to be the path breaking work showing that Onge and Great Andamanese (negreto tribes) have evolved in the Andaman Islands in genetic isolation independently. For the first time, they provided genetic evidence in support of out-of-Africa theory and proposed that there was only one wave of migration out of Africa through the Southern sea route via India. It looks likely that the first humans crossed the Red sea and spread to Australia via India and Southeast Asia through the Southern Coastal route. This is in contrast to the prevailing concept of Northern route of migration. It is really the first time that in less than a year of the original finding by Dr Singh and his group, the world has accepted a novel finding as possible answer to how humans migrated. It is indeed a major breakthrough rewriting the history of human migration. Most recent findings by Dr Singh and his group indicate that Indian mtDNA pool consists of several deep rooting lineages of macrohaplogroup ‘M’ suggesting in situ origin of these haplogroups in India and its subsequent migration to Southeast Asia. These studies further support one wave of rapid dispersal theory of modern humans along the Asian Coast.

These findings will have deeper implications in relation to disease susceptibility and individualized medicine. Very rarely such breakthroughs are made which change the course of history and find immediate international acceptance. Their above finding has been published in the most prestigious journal, ‘Science’ (with Impact Factor 30) in the year 2005 and there is a write-up on his work in News and Views of many journals including Science, New Scientist and many papers published by scientists abroad have supported his findings. The latest finding in support of his work is titled “Going East” appeared in Science in 2006.

G. TEACHING EXPERIENCE

1. Took B.Sc. and M.Sc. classes in the Zoology Department, Banaras Hindu

University, India, during 1966-1971.

2 Took in situ hybridization practical classes of honours students with Dr K W Jones, in the Institute of Animal Genetics, University of Edinburgh from 1978-1987.

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H. ORGANIZATION OF CONFERENCES & TRAINING COURSES

1. European Molecular Biology course on in situ hybridization with (Dr J O Bishop and Dr K W Jones), September 1978, University of Edinburgh, UK.

2. International Workshop on Molecular techniques in cytogenetics, with Dr

K W Jones and Prof T Sharma. February-March, 1986, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.

3. The 3rd International Conference on DNA Fingerprinting, December 13-

16, 1994, Hyderabad.

4. A one-day symposium on 'Genome Analysis: Recent Trends and Applications' on 16th January and 3 weeks hands-on training course on DNA Fingerprinting from 17th January to 4th February, 1996, Hyderabad.

5. 1st ADNAT Convention “DNA Fingerprinting” on 12th and 13th April, 1997,

Hyderabad

6. A two-week International Hands-On Training Course on DNA Fingerprinting from 6-19 November, 1997, Hyderabad.

7. Guha Research Conference, Dec., 1998, Andaman and Nicobar Islands,

India.

8. 2nd ADNAT Convention - two-day symposium and a two-week hands-on training course on "DNA Technologies: Forensic and Other Applications", 23rd February - 10th March, 1998, Hyderabad.

9. 3rd ADNAT Convention - one-day symposium on "Emerging DNA

Technologies for the next Millennium" on 23rd February, 1999 and two-week hands-on training course on "Emerging Trends in DNA-based Diagnosis", February 24 to March 7, 1999, Hyderabad.

10. XXIII All India Cell Biology Conference during November 27-29, 1999. 11. 4th ADNAT Convention – A Two-day symposium on “DNA Technologies

in the Management of Biodiversity” on 20th and 21st February, 2000 at MSSRF, Chennai and hands-on residential training course on “Microsatellite Markers in Genome Diversity” from 23rd February to 5th March, 2000 at CCMB, Hyderabad.

12. ISHG 2001 – XXVI Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Human

Genetics – “Human Genome and Beyond” from 20th to 22nd February 2001 in CCMB, Hyderabad

13. 5th ADNAT Convention – A Two-day Symposium on “Perspectives in

Genome Analysis” on 23rd and 24th February 2001 and A Hands-on Residential Training Course on “Bioinformatics: The Hand-Maiden of Future Biology” from 25th February to 11th March 2001 in CCMB, Hyderabad.

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14. 6th ADNAT Convention – A Two-day Symposium on “Functional Genomics” on 23rd and 24th February 2002 and an International Hands-on

Training Course on DNA Sequencing and Genotyping from 25th February to 10th March 2002 in CCMB, Hyderabad.

15. Silver Jubilee Celebrations (1977-2002 of CCMB – A Six-day Symposium

on “The Current Excitement in Biology” from 24th to 29th November 2002 in CCMB, Hyderabad on the occasion of the Silver Jubilee Celebrations of CCMB.

16. 7th ADNAT Convention – A Two-day Symposium on Proteomics on 23rd

and 24th February 2003 and Two Simultaneous Hands-On Training Courses on Proteomics and DNA Microarrays from 25th February to 10th March 2003.

17. 8th ADNAT Convention – A Two-day Symposium on Comparative and

Functional Genomics Febraury 23 & 24, 2004 and Two Simultaneous Hands-On Training Courses on DNA Markers: Development and Applications February 25 to March 12, 2004 and Transgenic and Gene Knockout Mice Technologies February 25 to March 16, 2004.

18. 9th ADNAT Convention & 30th ISHG – A Two day Symposium on

Molecular Medicine & Health during 20-23 February 2005 and Hands-on Training Course on Chromosomal & Molecular Diagnostics February 24 – March 10, 2005.

19. 71st Anniversary General Meeting of Indian National Science Academy –

Symposium on “Stem Cell Research: Technological, Ethical and Social Issues” during 26-28 December 2005 jointly organized by CCMB, IICT and NGRI at IICT Auditorum.

20. 10th ADNAT Convention – A Two day Symposium on RNAi and microRNA

in Development and Health during February 23 & 24, 2006 and Hands-on Training Courese on RNAi in Gene Knockdown & Viral Resistance during February 25 – March 10, 2006.

21. The dedication of LaCONES to the Nation by Bharat Ratna, Dr A P J

Abdul Kalam, The Hon’be Presidnet of India on 1st February 2007. 22. 11th ADNAT Convention - A three-day Symposium on Advances in

Structural Biology & Structure Prediction February 23, 24 & 25, 2007 and Hands-on Training Course on Protein Structure Prediction & Structure Determination February 26 – March 8, 2007.

23. The Foundation Stone Laying Ceremony of: Clinical Research Facility for

Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine (CRF) and National Bio-Safety Level 4 Containment Facility for Human Infectious Diseases (NBCF) by Shri Kapil Sibal, Hon’ble Union Minister for Science & Technology & Earth Sciences, Government of India.

24. 12th ADNAT Coonvention – A two-day Symposium on Biology of

Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells February 23 & 24, 2008 and Hands-on Training Course on Basic Techniques in Stem Cell Biology: Isolation, Maintenance, and Differentiation February 25 – March 10, 2008.

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I. ADMINISTRATIVE EXPERIENCE

Has been the First In-Charge Officer on Special Duty for the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, since its inception in 1995 and has been closely involved in planning and setting it up.

Since July 1998, has been working as the Director of the Centre for

Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India

J. SPONSORED RESEARCH/COLLABORATIONS

Laboratory for conservation of endangered species (LaCONES) Molecular genetic analysis of Archaeological human specimens:

Taxonomic and health perspectives. Genomic diversity in the caste, tribal and religious populations of Andhra

Pradesh and its border areas in the broader context of the peopling of India

Genetic diversity in primitive Indian tribes Genome diversity in the caste and tribal populations of Himalayan region Identification of susceptibility genes associated with Type-2 Diabetes

Mellitus in Indian population Genome diversity in the tribal population of Kumaon region Molecular epideomiology of alcoholism: The Kota tribe in Niligiri Hlls. The

unique opportunity to study total population. Cytogenetic and molecular evaluation of infertile males DNA profiling of tribal populations of Andhra Pradesh Genome diversity in the selected tribal populations of Maharashtra Setting up a clinical research facility to develop Stem Cell Technologies

and Regenerative Medicine National Facility for Real time Imaging of live samples. Conservation of Endangered Big cats

K. INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS ATTENDED AFTER RETURNING TO

INDIA IN 1987

1. First International Conference on DNA Fingerprinting, University of Berne, Switzerland, 1-3 October, 1990

2. Boden Conference on Mammalian Sex Chromosomes and Sex

Determination Genes, Sydney, Australia, 3-5 February, 1992

3. Technology Showcase-1995, Singapore, 12-16 September, 1995

4. 4th International DNA Fingerprinting Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 2-7 December, 1996

5. Visit to CNRS, Paris, France, 11-18 May, 1997 to develop a collaboration

in Genome sequencing and analysis including bioinformatics

6. International meeting on Ethics and Human Genome, UNESCO, Paris, France, 22-25 July, 1997

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7. Meeting of European Centre for Control of Infectious Diseases (ECCID), Montpellier, France, 10-13 September, 1998

8. 5th International Conference on DNA Fingerprinting, Port Elizabeth, South

Africa, 13-23 January, 1999. 9. Participated in the Scientific & Technical Advisory Panel of the Global

Environment Facility (GEF) workshop on “Green Certifiers” under United National Environment Programme at Unidad de Seminarios “Ignacio Chavez” UNAM, Cd. Universitaria, Mexico on 13th and 14th October, 1999.

10. To participate in the Twenty-sixth session of the WHO South-East Asia

Advisory Committee on Health Research (WHO/SEA/ACHAR), as a special invitee, at Thimphu, Bhutan during 18-21 April 2001.

11. To participate in the in the Joint WHO-THAI Health Research Forum Multi-

Regional Consultative meeting on “Genomics & Health” during 23-25 July 2001, at Bangkok, Thailand.

12. To participate in the PAHO-WHO sponsored Conference on “Biotechnology &

Genomics for Improvement of Health in Developing Countries” during 25-27 March 2002 at Havana, Cuba

13. To participate in the 4th HUGO Pacific Meeting and 5th Asia-Pacific

Conference of Human Genetics during October 27th to 30th, 2002 at Pattaya, Thailand.

14. To visit various institutions in Germany as a Leader of the CSIR delegation

during 13-21 September 2003.

15. To have discussions on possible collaborations and to deliver lectures in different institutions in UK during 22 August to 7 September 2004 under INSA-Royal Society International Collaboration Exchange Programme.

16. Visit to Lyon, France to see their P4 facility during 16th to 20th October 2004.

17. Visit to USA and Canada to see the BSL4 facilities along with CSIR-DST-ICMR Delegation during 24 July to 4th August 2005.

18. Visit to USA to see the Stem Cell facilities along with CSIR CCMB)-DST-NIMS during

4th to 13th August 2006.

19. To participate and deliver a lecture at the Symposium on “New Challenges in the Life Sciences: Prioritizing European Research in Molecular Systems Biology, Florence, Italy during October 18-19, 2007.

L. MEMBERSHIP OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

1. Member (Past President) of Indian Society of Cell Biology 2. Member of Society of Biological Chemists of India 3. Past President of Indian Society of Human Genetics 4. Member (Past President) of P M Bhargava Foundation 5. Founder Member and President (formerly Secretary) of the Association for

the Promotion of DNA Fingerprinting and Other DNA Technologies

36

6. Member, Indian Academy of Social Sciences

7. Member, Professor S P Ray-Chaudhuri Memorial Foundation 8. Secretary, The Medically Aware and Responsible Citizens of Hyderabad

(MARCH) 9. Member, Guha Research Conference

M. FELLOWSHIP OF INDIAN/FOREIGN ACADEMIES

1. Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences, elected in 1989 2. Fellow of National Academy of Sciences, elected in 1991 3. Fellow of Indian National Science Academy, elected in 1993 4. Fellow of Andhra Pradesh Akademi of Sciences, elected in 2000 5. Fellow of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, elected in 2001 6. Fellow of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, elected in 2002 7. Fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences, elected in 2002

N. MEMBERSHIP OF THE EDITORIAL BOARDS

1. Journal of Biosciences (former member) 2. Journal of Basic & Applied Biomedicine 3. Journal of Genetics 4. Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 5. International Journal of Human Genetics

6. Indian Journal of Biotechnology 7. Proceedings of Andhra Pradesh Akademi of Sciences 8. ICFAI Journal of Science & Technology 9. Journal of Intellectual Property Rights

O. MEMBERSHIP OF PROFESSIONAL COMMITTEES Scientific Advisory Committees

General Body of Bihar Council on Science & Technology (BCST), Patna Osmania University, Hyderabad Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi Institute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR), New Delhi National Institute of Virology, Pune Dr B R Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, New Delhi Institute of Immunohaemotology (ICMR), Mumbai National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad Genome Research Centre, M S University, Baroda C-MMACS, Bangalore Dabur Research Foundation

Research Advisory Committees

National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (ICAR), Lucknow National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (ICAR), Karnal, Haryana Seribiotech Research Laboratories, Bangalore A.P. State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Hindupur, A.P. Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi (2001-2004) Chairman, Research Advisory Committee, Biomedical Research Unit, Manovikas

Kendra, Calcutta.

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Member, Research Council of Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi (2004-2007)

Member, Animal Sciences and Biotechnology Research Committee of HRDG, CSIR (2004-2007)

Member, Committee on Gene Patenting, DBT Member, Advisory Committee of MAGENE Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd.

National-level Committees

Member, Research & Development Advisory Committee for Gujarat State

Biotechnology Mission, Gujarat Member, Academic Council, Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE) (2006-

2008) Co-Chairman, DBT Task Force on Animal Biotechnology Member, CSIR Sectoral Group on Biology and Biotechnology Member, Sub-Group of Experts on Jarawa Tribes, Planning Commission. Member, Life Sciences Research Development Board (LSRDB), Department of

Science & Technology, New Delhi Member, National Advisory Committee for establishing the National Repository on

Human Genetic Resources and Data, Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata Steering Committee for Establishment of National Institute of Animal

Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi The Scientific Advisory Group, the Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Indian Council

of Medical Research, New Delhi Programme Advisory Committee, DST, New Delhi NABL Technical Committee for Accreditation of DNA Fingerprinting Laboratories,

DST, New Delhi Sectional Committee, Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi Management Council, Centre for Biotechnology (CSIR), New Delhi Biotechnology Research Promotion Committee, DBT, New Delhi Task Force on Human Genetics, DBT, New Delhi Academic Council, Central Institute of Fisheries Education (ICAR), Mumbai ICAR-NATP Project, New Delhi Committee on Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research

(ICAR), New Delhi Task Force on New Initiative in Genome Analysis, ICMR, New Delhi Central Ethical Committee on Human Research of ICMR Scientific Panel on Horticulture Division of ICAR Animal Sciences and Biotechnology Research Committee, HRDG, CSIR Member, CSIR Governing Body (2004-2007) Member, CSIR Society (2004-2007) Member, National Advisory Committee of the Anthropological Survey of India Member, Gujarat Council of Biotechnology (2005-) Member, National Advisory Committee for establishing a National Repository on

Human Genetic Resource and Data (October 2005-) Member, National Police Mission, Home Secretary, Govt. of India Member, National Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of DBT Chairman, Advisory Committee on Biological Toxins, Ministry of Environment of

Forests. Chairman, Setting up of a World Class Drug Research Institute of CSIR Member, General Body of the Bihar Council on Science & Technology, Bihar

State-level Committees

Academic Senate, Osmania University, Hyderabad

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Advisory Committee of Andhra Pradesh Technology Development & Promotion Centre (APTDC)

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School Board of School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Biotechnology Committee, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad Governing Body, Osmania University, Hyderabad State Biotechnology Co-ordination Committee, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh,

Hyderabad Chief Minister’s Pharma Task Force, Government of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad District Level Advisory Committee, Hyderabad District for Pre-Natal Diagnostic

Techniques Act-1994 Chairman, Governing Body for the Osmania University College of Science, OU,

Hyderabad. Honorary Advisor of the Center for Stem Cells Sciences, Hyderabad

Other Committees

FICCI Working Group on Knowledge Trade Initiative: Sub-Group on New Bio Technology

Executive Committee, All India Biotech Association, New Delhi. Scientific Review Committee, National Institute of Biologicals (Ministry of Health and

Family Welfare), New Delhi Board of Trustees, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Hyderabad Advisory Council (for setting up a research centre for stem cells and tissue

engineering), Reliance Industries Limited, Mumbai Member, National Committee for establishing Molecular Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi

Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow Advisory Committee, Biotechnology Dept., University of Pune Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBSC), (Transgene Vaccine Limited,

Hyderabad), M/s Serum Institute of India Limited (SIIL), Pune Council of the Society of Biosciences, Muzaffarnagar, U.P Advisory Committee, UGC-Special Assistance to MCB Department of IISc,

Bangalore Amity Science and Technology Congress Foundation, New Delhi FICCI Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology Committee President, Indian Society of Cell Biology (2001-2003) President, Indian Society of Human Genetics (2003-2006) Vice-Chairman, Advisory Committee of the Avanthi Group of Institutions DBT Representative of the Institutional Biosafety Committee of Dr. Reddy’s

Laboratories Limited, Hyderabad Date Safety Monitoring Board, Dr Reddy’s Laboratories Limited, Hyderabad Member of the Board of Management of the Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher

Education & Research, Kolar, Karnataka (2007-2009) Member of the Executive Council of the National Academy of Agricultural

Sciences (NAAS) (2007-2010)