CS603Communication Mechanisms:

DCE RPC (cont.)

23 January 2002

Sample IDL formessage/reply RPC

/* greet.idl * The "greet" interface. */[uuid(3d6ead56-06e3-11ca-8dd1-826901beabcd), version(1.0)]/* import “like_c_includes.idl” *//* type declarations (typedef) */interface greetif{ const long int REPLY_SIZE = 100; void greet( [in] handle_t h, [in, string] char client_greeting[], [out, string] char server_reply[REPLY_SIZE] );}

Using defined interface:Client

/* greet_client.c - Client of "greet" interface. usage: greet_client <CDS pathname>*/#include <stdio.h> #include <dce/rpc.h> #include "greet.h“ #include "util.h"Int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { rpc_ns_handle_t import_context; handle_t binding_h; error_status_t status; idl_char reply[REPLY_SIZE];/* Start importing servers using the name specified on the command line. */ rpc_ns_binding_import_begin(rpc_c_ns_syntax_default, (unsigned_char_p_t)

argv[1], greetif_v1_0_c_ifspec, NULL, &import_context, &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't begin import"); /* Import the first server (we could iterate here, but we'll just take the first one). */ rpc_ns_binding_import_next(import_context, &binding_h, &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't import"); /* Make the remote call. */ greet(binding_h, (idl_char *) "hello, server", reply); printf("The Greet Server said: %s\n", reply); }

Using defined interface:Server

/* greet_manager.c - Implementation of "greet" interface. */#include <stdio.h>#include "greet.h"void greet( handle_t h, idl_char *client_greeting, idl_char *server_reply){ printf("The client says: %s\n", client_greeting); strcpy(server_reply, "Hi, client!");}

Using defined interface:Setting up listener

/* greet_server.c - usage: greet_server <CDS pathname> */#include <stdio.h>#include <dce/dce_error.h>#include <dce/rpc.h>#include "greet.h"#include "util.h"Int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { unsigned32 status; rpc_binding_vector_t *binding_vector;/* Register interface with RPC runtime. */ rpc_server_register_if(greetif_v1_0_s_ifspec, NULL, NULL, &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't register interface");/* Use all protocol sequences that are available. */ rpc_server_use_all_protseqs(rpc_c_protseq_max_reqs_default, &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't use protocol sequences");/* Get the binding handles generated by the runtime. */rpc_server_inq_bindings(&binding_vector, &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't get bindings for server");

Using defined interface:Server

/* Register assigned endpoints with endpoint mapper. */ rpc_ep_register(greetif_v1_0_s_ifspec, binding_vector, NULL, (unsigned_char_p_t) "greet server version 1.0", &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't register with endpoint map");/* Export ourselves into the CDS namespace. */ rpc_ns_binding_export( rpc_c_ns_syntax_default, (unsigned_char_p_t) argv[1], greetif_v1_0_s_ifspec, binding_vector, NULL, &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't export into CDS namespace");/* Start listening for calls. */ printf("Listening...\n"); rpc_server_listen(rpc_c_listen_max_calls_default, &status); ERROR_CHECK(status, "Can't start listening for calls");}

CS603Communication Mechanisms:

Java RMI

23 January 2002

Java RMI

• Overview– Supports remote invocation of Java objects– Key: Java Object Serialization

Stream objects over the wire – Language specific

• History– Goal: RPC for Java– First release in JDK 1.0.2, used in Netscape 3.01– Full support in JDK 1.1, intended for applets– JDK 1.2 added persistent reference, custom

protocols, more support for user control.

Java RMI

• Advantages– True object-orientation: Objects as arguments and

values– Mobile behavior: Returned objects can execute on

caller– Integrated security– Built-in concurrency (through Java threads)

• Disadvantages– Java only

• Advertises support for non-Java• But this is external to RMI – requires Java on both sides

Java RMIComponents

• Base RMI classes– Extend these to get RMI functionality

• Java compiler – javac– Recognizes RMI as integral part of language

• Interface compiler – rmic– Generates stubs from class files

• RMI Registry – rmiregistry– Directory service

• RMI Run-time activation system – rmid– Supports activatable objects that run only on demand

Java RMI classes

• Java.rmi.Remote– Interface supporting remote objects

• java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject– Continuously running server

• java.rmi.activation.Activatable– Server started by rmid daemon

• java.rmi.naming– Lookup: Returns stub given a name

• java.rmi.RMISecurityManager– Validates rights to access downloaded object

Java RMIRegistry Operation

Java RMIObject Serialization

• Key difference from DCE: Can send object to be invoked at remote site– Allows objects as arguments/results

• Mechanism: Object Serialization– Object passed must inherit from serializable– Provides methods to translate object to/from byte

stream

• Security issues:– Ensure object not tampered with during transmission– Solution: Class-specific serialization

Throw it on the programmer

Building a Java RMI Application

• Define remote interface– Extend java.rmi.Remote

• Create server code– Implements interface– Creates security manager, registers with registry

• Create client code– Define object as instance of interface– Lookup object in registry– Call object

• Compile and run– Run rmic on compiled classes to create stubs– Start registry– Run server then client

Java RMISample interface

import java.rmi.Remote;

import java.rmi.RemoteException;

public interface Hello extends Remote {

String sayHello() throws RemoteException;

}

Java RMISample Client

import java.rmi.Naming;import java.rmi.RemoteException;

public class HelloClient { public static void main(String args[]) { String message = "blank"; Hello obj = null; try { obj = (Hello)Naming.lookup("//myhost/HelloServer"); message = obj.sayHello();

System.out.println(message); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("HelloClient exception: " + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } } }

Java RMI:Example Server

import java.rmi.Naming;import java.rmi.RemoteException;import java.rmi.RMISecurityManager;import java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject;public class HelloServer extends UnicastRemoteObject implements Hello { public HelloServer() throws RemoteException { super(); } public String sayHello() { return "Hello World!"; } public static void main(String args[]) {

if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) { System.setSecurityManager(new RMISecurityManager()); }try { HelloServer obj = new HelloServer(); Naming.rebind("//myhost/HelloServer", obj); System.out.println("HelloServer bound in registry");} catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("HelloServer err: " + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace();

} } }

Java RMI Example:Compile and Run

• javac Hello.java HelloServer.java HelloClient.java

• rmic –d `pwd` HelloServer• rmiregistry & # not in same directory• java -Djava.rmi.server.codebase=file:///`pwd`/

-Djava.security.policy=opensocket HelloServer– opensocket: grant { permission

java.net.SocketPermission "*", "connect"; };• Java HelloClient