CS1100 Intro. to Computers

CS1100 Plymouth State University

CS1100 Intro. to Computers

• Mr. Bailey

• Office: Memorial 109 • Office Hours: Tue. & Thu. 12:30 – 2:00• Phone: 535-2535

• Lecture – One day a week• Lab – Alternate days - Memorial 213

http://oz.plymouth.edu/~bailey

http://oz.plymouth.edu/~bailey


Lecture


Lab


CS1100 Intro. to Computers• Course Content

• Exams - One every 5 weeks• Labs – One per week after lecture

• Grading– Exams - 40%– Labs - 40% (Late labs will lose 10% per week)– Research Paper 10%– Project 10%


You will need...

Storage device

(or your “M:” drive)


Course Content

• History of Computers• Hardware• Software

– Windows 7– Word Processing– Spreadsheets

• The Internet• Impact of computers on our lives


Keep Your Work

• Please keep all of your graded labs and exams until you get your final grade.

• If I have not given you credit for completed work, I will correct your grade.


How NOT to Take Notes


Introduction to Information Technology

The Computer as a Mind Tool


Information Technology

• What is it?– Definition: Information Technology (IT)

describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information

– Computer technology – Communications technology


Infotech in Entertainment & the Arts

• Videogames• Downloading

– Movies– Music– Term papers????– Ethical/legal questions

• Many movies use computer animation• Digital editing


Internet, World Wide Web, & Cyberspace

• Internet– The worldwide computer network– Links thousands of smaller networks– Originally developed to share only text and

numeric data


What is a “Computer”

• Originally a Person who worked with numbers

• Now a Machine


Stonehenge


Abacus


Types of Computers

• Electronic• Mechanical

• Analog • Digital

General-purposeSpecial-purpose


“Computer”

• An electronic, general-purpose, digital computer


The First Electronic Digital Computer

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIteTE9glQ&NR=1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIteTE9glQ&NR=1


Electronic Components of a Computer

Vacuum Tube

TransistorIntegrated Circuit

(chip)


Hand-held Computer


A Brief History of Computers1946 1960 1970 1980 1990

ENIAC

Vacuum TubesTransistors

Integrated Circuits

IBM PC


Technology • More progress in last 50 years than in the preceding 10,000

• Computers partly responsible

• Computer - tool of many uses


5 Computer Types• Supercomputers

– Priced from $1 million to $350 million– High-capacity machines with thousands of processors– Multi-user systems

• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers


5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers

– Until late 1960’s, the only computer available– Cost $5,000 - $5 million– Multi-user systems; accessed using a terminal– Terminals only have a keyboard and monitor; can’t be used

alone• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers


5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations

– Introduced in early 1980s– Expensive, powerful personal computers– Used for scientific, mathematical, engineering, computer-aided

design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)– A less-expensive alternative to mainframes

• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers


5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers

– Personal computers that cost $500 to $5000– Used either stand-alone or in a network– Types include: desktop, tower, notebooks, or Personal Digital

Assistants (PDAs)• Microcontrollers


5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers

– Also called embedded computers– Tiny, specialized microprocessors inside appliances and

automobiles– They are in: microwaves, programmable ovens, blood-pressure

monitors, air bag sensors, vibration sensors, MP3 players, digital cameras, e-pliances, keyboards, car engine controllers, etc.

Discussion Question: Now, how many of you would say you have NOT used a computer today?


Why become computer savvy?

• Know what computers can do for you

• Know the limitations of computers

• Know how computers can harm you

• Know how to solve computer problems

• Know when & how to get help


Common Computer Uses...• Supermarket Checkout• Automobiles• CD Player• Microwave Ovens• Video Games• Home Computers• Check Processing• And Many More...


Importance of Computers

• Speed• Accuracy• Consistency• Reliability• Storage Capacity


Computers help to:

• Make us more productive• Make better decisions• Reduce costs


The “Revolution”

• Stone Age• Bronze Age• Industrial Revolution• Information Age• Information Society


The Information Age

• Information:• Has value• Is bought and sold


Computers and Information

• Computers make:• Data collection easier• Production of information easier, faster,

better• Information available in more useable

forms• Help us be more effective


DATA and INFORMATION

• DATA - Raw, unprocessed facts, not very useful in their current

form

• INFORMATION - The result of processing the DATA - more useful to us


How Computers Work

• Processes data into information • Uses hardware & software• Operates by performing:

– Input - Output– Processing - Communications– Storage


Data Becomes Information

INPUT

PROCESSINGOUTPUT

DATA

INFORMATION



INPUT

PROCESSINGOUTPUT

STORAGE

DATA

INFORMATION


Basic Concepts of Computers• Minimal configurations

of a typical computer include:

• input units• output units• storage• central processing unit



• Example• Supermarket Checkout


Bar Code Reader



INPUT

PROCESSINGOUTPUT

STORAGE

DATA

INFORMATION


Basic Concepts of Computers

• Computer Hardware • The electronics and associated mechanical

parts of the computer.

• Computer Software• Consists of instructions that control the

hardware and cause the desired process to happen


The System Unit

Power Supply

System Board

Hard DrivesorCD-ROM Drives

Floppy Drive

Expansion Card

Plymouth State University

Bar Code


The Keyboard


Ergonomic Keyboard


Care of the Keyboard


Telephone Keypad


MonitorsType (CRT or LCD) Size Resolution

Pixels


"Touch" Screen

RestaurantsHotelsTransportation


Special Terminals ATM’s

POS’s


Restaurants

Hamburger Cheese-burger

FishSandwich

SaladOnionRings

FrenchFries

ShakePepsiCoke

Specialized Keyboard


The CPU (Central Processing Unit)


The “Chip” or IC


Computer Storage (Media)

• 3 1/2" Diskette

• CD ROM

• Flash drives


“Floppy” Disk Drive

Floppy Disk Drive


Hard Disk Drive


Compact Disk (CD)


Bits and Bytes BIT stands for Binary Digit A BIT is the smallest unit of

storage• It is either ON (1) or OFF (0)

A BYTE consists of eight BITs

1 11 00 0 01


Storage Hardware

• Storage capacity – Byte – 1 character– Kilobyte – 1000 characters– Megabyte – 1 million characters– Gigabyte – 1 billion characters– Terabyte – 1 trillion characters


Computer Lab

INTERNETMINICOMPUTER


Misuse of Computer Technology

CS1100 Intro. to Computers

Documents

Transcript of CS1100 Intro. to Computers