Crista ShopisAdvanced Energy ConferenceOctober 13, 2011

Innovation in Ultra-Efficient Air-Conditioning

Air conditioning = 16% of energy use and large system load peaks.

The Challenge

Air Conditioning = Reducing Air Temperature + Dehumidification

The Challenge

Source of the Idea: Cool Ground Temperatures

•“Free” source of “coolth”

•But: Well water temperatures not cold enough to dehumidify directly

The Idea

If we split an air stream, heat one of the two streams, and then pass both through a desiccant wheel, the heated and humidified air stream dewpoint will rise above the temperature of ground water.

In Slow MotionIf we split an air stream, heat one of the two streams, and then pass both through a desiccant wheel, the heated and humidified air stream dewpoint will rise above the temperature of ground water.

COOLING COIL GEOTHERMAL COOLING COIL WATER

MOISTURE CONDENSATE

DESICCANT WHEEL

HEAT SOURCE

AIR FROM BUILDING

AIR TO BUILDING

Psychrometric Chart

Ent

halp

y, B

tu/lb

(a)

Sat

urat

ion

tem

pera

ture

, F

Hum

idity

rat

io, l

b/lb

(a)

Pressure: 14.6959 psi

Dry bulb temperature, F50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

0.010

0.020

0.030

20%

40%

60%

20

30

40

50

60 70

40

50

60

70

50

60

70

80

1 23

45

8

6

97

Efficiency – Original Projection

COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE (COP)

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

Geothermal DesiccantCooling (Natural Gas Fired)

Ventilation Cycle DesiccantCooling

Absorption Cooling

CO

P

Efficiency – Lab Results

Efficiency: 1.85 COPSensible Heat Ratio: 0.74

Other Findings

Independent Temperature vs. Humidity controllability is outstanding

Sensible Heat Ratio from 0 – 1.0Typical air conditioner’s maximum Sensible Heat Ratio is about 0.75

The Vision: A simple four pipe fan coil

Possible heat sources:BoilerSolarWaste heat

60°F cooling “sink”:GeothermalLakeOceanLow-lift chiller

Industrial dehumidifier

US Potential

Summary

•A new cooling cycle

•Efficiency over 1.8 COP, likely higher

•Heat-fired: Fossil-fuel,solar, waste heat

•Quiet (no compressor)

•Outstanding humidity control

•A possible path to zero-energy buildings

Support – Thank You

•Taitem Engineering:•Idea•Prototype development•Continued technical and business support

•NYSERDA:•Feasibility Study•Demonstration project

•Syracuse Center of Excellence•Technology Application and Demonstration

…The future of air conditioning is here

• Questions?

Crista ShopisEmail: cshopis@synairco.com607.279.7161Fax: 607.277.2119

Synairco, Inc.110 South Albany StreetIthaca, NY 14850www.synairco.com