Cranfield University Energy Technology Centre Ongoing work€¦ · Develop an advanced dry CO. 2....
Transcript of Cranfield University Energy Technology Centre Ongoing work€¦ · Develop an advanced dry CO. 2....
Cranfield University
Energy Technology Centre Update on Theme AUpdate on Theme AOngoing workOngoing work
Adina Bosoaga
Theme A
UKCCSC Stakeholder Meeting UKCCSC Stakeholder Meeting
September 2007, London September 2007, London
-- Outcomes Outcomes --
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
•• Minimize energy requirements for COMinimize energy requirements for CO22 capturecapture•• Improve the efficiency of energy conversion Improve the efficiency of energy conversion
processes processes •• Reduce costs & consumption of primary energy Reduce costs & consumption of primary energy
sources sources •• Develop advanced, innovative concepts forDevelop advanced, innovative concepts for
nextnext--generation technology implementation generation technology implementation
Why research is needed ?
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
•• Universities to look at alternative perspectives Universities to look at alternative perspectives
•• Equipment development Equipment development
•• Provide theoretical understandingProvide theoretical understanding
What industry wants?
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Breakout Sessions
Addressed questions:
•• What do we need to do?What do we need to do?•• What is already being done?What is already being done?•• What is not being done?What is not being done?•• What can/should we be doing to make it happen?What can/should we be doing to make it happen?
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Breakout Sessions
Technology Development for COTechnology Development for CO22 CaptureCapture
Technology Development for COTechnology Development for CO22 TransportTransport
Integrating CrossIntegrating Cross--Cutting Issues in Assessment Cutting Issues in Assessment (including economics, lifecycle analysis and (including economics, lifecycle analysis and environmental impacts)environmental impacts)
•• Research and development is a longResearch and development is a long--term commitmentterm commitment•• Bringing an idea from project to commercialization takes 10Bringing an idea from project to commercialization takes 10--30 years30 years
Roadmap to commercialization
Source: Source: DoosanDoosan Babcock + UKCCSC Stakeholder Meeting feedback Babcock + UKCCSC Stakeholder Meeting feedback
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Integration Integration of whole of whole
plant plant
High High efficiency efficiency deNOxdeNOx//deSOxdeSOx
Flue gas Flue gas recycling recycling for NGCC for NGCC
Handling Handling waste waste
Additives Additives
Hybrid Hybrid systems systems (solid/(solid/
liquids) liquids)
Trace Trace elements elements
Corrosion Corrosion
Solvent Solvent emissions emissions
Reclaiming Reclaiming solvent solvent
Solvent/Solvent/sorbent sorbent charactcharact..
CO2 post-combustion capture at a plant in Malaysia.
(Courtesy of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries).
Key needs -Underpinning science
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Process Process integrationintegration
Refractory Refractory (gasifier) (gasifier)
InstrumentatiInstrumentationon
ASUASU
Slag Slag chemistrychemistry
WGS WGS catalyst catalyst
developmdevelopm. .
HH22combustioncombustion
Hot gas Hot gas clean upclean up
CO2 pre-combustion capture at a coal gasification plant in North Dakota,
USA
Key needs -Underpinning science
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
SlaggingSlagging
Corrosion Corrosion
ThermochThermoch..properties properties
Combustion Combustion chemistry chemistry
and kinetics and kinetics
ASU ASU
Materials Materials for for oxyfueloxyfuel
Ash Ash propertiesproperties
Flue gas Flue gas cleaningcleaning
5 MWe CES water cycle plant at Kimberlina, California
Key needs -Underpinning science
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
COCO22 TransportTransport
COCO22 TransportTransport
Transport Transport SystemSystem
InfrastructureInfrastructureDevelopmentDevelopment
COCO22 qualityquality
FlexibilityFlexibility
Ship Ship Transport?Transport?
SafeSafe
Leak Leak freefree
CostCosteffectiveeffective
MonitorableMonitorable
InjectionInjection
Existing Existing InfrastructureInfrastructure
COCO22compressioncompression
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Ongoing work at Cranfield UniversityOngoing work at Cranfield University
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Calcium cycle – EU funded
Develop an advanced dry CODevelop an advanced dry CO22 capture system applicable for both PF and CFB boiler.capture system applicable for both PF and CFB boiler.
Two options for COTwo options for CO22 capture from boiler systems are investigated: an integrated capture from boiler systems are investigated: an integrated atmospheric fluidised bed system for postatmospheric fluidised bed system for post--combustion capture from PF or CFB boilers, combustion capture from PF or CFB boilers, and an inand an in--situ capture system for PFBC boilers. situ capture system for PFBC boilers.
The atmospheric option will be directed to the development of a The atmospheric option will be directed to the development of a pilot plant applicationpilot plant application
For the pressurized option, the project will seek a proof of priFor the pressurized option, the project will seek a proof of principle to determine if the nciple to determine if the expected benefits of a pressurized capture system can balance thexpected benefits of a pressurized capture system can balance the known limitations of e known limitations of PFBC systems. PFBC systems.
Carbonator
T = 650-850°C
Regeneration
T = 900°C-1100°CO2 CO2
CaO CaCO3
flue-
gasCarbonator
T = 650-850°C
Regeneration
T = 900°C-1100°CO2 CO2
CaO CaCO3CaO CaCO3
flue-
gas
low CO2 and
SO2 flue gas
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
SStudytudy the impact of flue gas contaminants and sorbent the impact of flue gas contaminants and sorbent
postpost--treatment for sulphur separation treatment for sulphur separation
Carbonation and calcination process at different pressuresCarbonation and calcination process at different pressures
Coupled carbonation/ calcination process in order to Coupled carbonation/ calcination process in order to
determine the best suitable parameters (fluidization determine the best suitable parameters (fluidization
velocity, particle size, temperatures, residences times).velocity, particle size, temperatures, residences times).
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Calcium cycle – EU funded
New built test rig
CO2:100L/minO2: 30L/min
Natural Gas:10L/minSteam: max 30%
Cyclones
4300
100
SO2+CO2
Drain
Oxy-fired gas burner
1200
165
Fresh Limestone
CO2
Air
H2OH2O
Drain
SO2 +N2
Carbonator feed port
Vent
Flue gas
Trace heating
Trace heating
650ºC950ºC
N2
Natural Gas: 35L/min
Air: 400L/min
CARBONATORCARBONATORCirculated fluidized bedInternal diameter: 100 mmLength of the vessel: 4.3 mOperation temperature: 650º C Inventory of solids: 10 kgParticle size: 350 micronsGas velocity: 3-4 m/s
CALCINERCALCINERBubbling fluidised bedInternal diameter: 165 mmVessel length: 1.2 mMaximum operation temperature 950º CInventory of solids: 5-10 kgParticle size: 350 micronsGas velocity: 0.5 m/s
Calcium looping cycle test rig
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Modelling fireside corrosion of Heat Exchanger Materials in advaModelling fireside corrosion of Heat Exchanger Materials in advanced energy systemsnced energy systems(DTI)(DTI)
OxyOxy--fired / biomass fired pulverised fuel systemsfired / biomass fired pulverised fuel systemsHeat exchangers Heat exchangers –– superheaterssuperheaters / / reheatersreheaters / evaporators / etc/ evaporators / etc
Plant Plant LifingLifing of High Efficiency, Low CO2 Emission Power Plant (EPSRC, of High Efficiency, Low CO2 Emission Power Plant (EPSRC, SupergenSupergenPLE PLE -- phase 2)phase 2)
Corrosion mechanismsCorrosion mechanismsProtective coatingsProtective coatingsOxyOxy--fired / biomass fired pulverised fuel systemsfired / biomass fired pulverised fuel systemsHeat exchangers Heat exchangers –– superheaterssuperheaters / / reheatersreheaters / evaporators / etc/ evaporators / etc
OxyOxy--firing of Gas Turbines (GASfiring of Gas Turbines (GAS--ZEP)ZEP) ((DTI/EPSRC)DTI/EPSRC)Gas turbine Gas turbine –– compressor / combustor / power turbinecompressor / combustor / power turbineHeat exchangers Heat exchangers –– superheaterssuperheaters / / reheatersreheaters / evaporators/ evaporators
Oxy-fired combustion –materials activities
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Gas analysisTemperature monitoring
Temperature monitoring
Coolant out
Coolant in
Temperature monitoring
Flue
Pulverised coal / biomass + air or CO2/O2or natural gas + air
Cooling water out
Cooling water in
Cooling water out
Cooling water in
Gas analysis
Cooling water in
Cooling water out
Cyclone
Ash removal system
Fan
Valve
Fan
Air inlet
Modifications to combustion facility for oxy-fuel firing
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
1 Conference paper at 6th Annual Conference on CCS, 71 Conference paper at 6th Annual Conference on CCS, 7--10 May 10 May
2007, Pittsburgh, US2007, Pittsburgh, US
2 Conference papers at 2 Conference papers at International Conference on Coal Science International Conference on Coal Science
and Technology, August 2007, Nottinghamand Technology, August 2007, Nottingham
2 Conference papers at 7th International Charles Parsons Turbine2 Conference papers at 7th International Charles Parsons Turbine
Conference, September 2007, GlasgowConference, September 2007, Glasgow
Cranfield publications
Cranfield Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the following for financial support:
• European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC-7220-PR-125)• European Community (SES6- 019914)• DTI• EPSRC
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh
Future Activities
•• Theme A members to circulate the Theme A members to circulate the relevant papers and reports for final relevant papers and reports for final submissionsubmission
UKCCSC Progress Meeting, 18-19th March 2008, Edinburgh