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CREATED BY
NURUL HIDAYAH BT MOHAMAD NOR
NURUL KHALISA BT MOHAMED
NURUL SYAKILA BT AHMAD JAILANI
SITI WAN ZULAIKA BT WAN ABD RAHMAN
COORDINATION
Identify x-axis and y-axis
Y-axis
X-axis
0origin
Before draw the scale we should know about four quadrant.
This is quadrant I, quadrant II, quadrant III and quadrant I V.
Quadrant I refer to positive (+) where the x-axis and y-axis is positive.
Quadrant II refer to negative and positive where the x-axis is negative and y-axis is positive.
Quadrant III refer to negative(-) where the x-axis and y-axis is negative.
Quadrant IV refer to positive and negative where the x-axis is positive and y-axis is negative.
How to student identify coordinate?
x
QUADRANT I
y
QUADRANT II
QUADRANT III QUADRANT IV
Do you know more to understand?Look here!!
0 321
1
-2
-1
2
-1
-2
Every scale has desided in questionExample: Mark the values on the x-axis and the y-
axis on a Cartesian plane if the scale for the x-axis is 1 : 2 and the scale for the y-axis is 1 : 5.
1 unit(1 cm in graph paper) on the x-axis represents 2 units
1 unit (1 cm in graph paper) on the y-axis represents 5 units .
How to know the scale x-axis and y-axis ?
Example: 1:2 for x-axis and 1:5 for y-axis
y
X0 2 4 6 8 10
5
15
10
-4 -2
-15
-10
-5-6
How to student plot the point? Start read the point by x-axisFor example: A(4,-1) =4 for x-axis and -1 for y-axis
Plotting point
1
-1 0 1
2
2
y
x
-2
-143
A(4,-1)
The distance between two points is the length of the straight line which joins the two points.
Find the distance two point?i. Points with common y-coordinates . The straight line which joins two points that have
the same y-coordinates is parallel to the x-axis. Therefore, the distance between two points, with common y-coordinates is the difference between their x-coordinates.
ii. Points with common x-coordinates The straight line which joins two points that have
the same x-coordinates is parallel to the y-axis. Therefore, the distance between two points with common x-coordinates is the difference between their y-coordinates.
Distance
x
y
1-1
0 2
-2
-1
21
-2 3
x-coordinates
y-coordinates
A
DC
B
A and B refer to common x-coordinates
C and D refer to common y-coordinates
How to calculate the distance?
Common x-coordinatesDistance between A and B
=2-(2)=2+2=4 units
Common y-coordinatesDistance between C and D
=2-(-1)=2+1=3 units
Please read at y-axis to calculate
common x-coordinate
Please read at y-axis to calculate
common x-coordinate
The distance between any two points with different x-coordinates and y-coordinates is the length of the straight line joining the two points.
The straight line is the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle where its two other sides are parallel to the x-axis and y-axis respectively.
How to find between two points using Pythagoras theorem?
c b
a
Formula=ab2= √(a-c)2+(c-b)2
Example
X
6
4
20
2
Y
64
c b
a
5 units
4 units
Hypotenuse
Formula=Ab2= √((a-c)2+(c-b)2 )ab2 = √((6-2)2+(6-1)2 ) = √(4)2 +(5)2 = √ 41
=6.4 units
Identify the midpoints of straight lines
The midpoint of a line joining two points is the point that divides the line into two equal parts
Midpoint
midpoint
a bx ||||
How to identify midpoints of a straight line joining two points a common y-coordinate and common x-coordinate
0
2
1
4321
Y
X
-1-2 -1
3
-2
|||| B(2,3)C(3,2)
A(-2,3)
D(3,-2)
Common y-coordinateMidpoint of AB(0,3)
Common x-coordinateMidpoint of CD(3,0)
ExampleCommon y-coordinationFind the coordination of the midpoint of a line
joining point A(-2,3) and B(2,3).SolutionX-coordinate for the midpoint = (-2+2)/2
= 0/2 = 0
Y-coordinate for the midpoint=3Therefore, the midpoint for the line AB is(0,3)
How to solve the question?
Example Common x-coordinateFind the coordination of the midpoint of a line
joining point C(3,2) and D(3,-2).Solutiony-coordinate for the midpoint = (2+(-2))/2
= 0/2 = 0
x-coordinate for the midpoint=3Therefore, the midpoint for the line AB is(3,0)
Coordinates of the midpoint of a line joining two points.
Midpoint = sum of x-coordinates , sum of y-coordinates
2 2
Can use this formula when coordinate at x-
coordinate and y-coordinate is not same
ExampleFind the coordinates of the midpoint of the
line joining S(3,1) T1,-5).SolutionX-coordinate of the midpoint = 3+1/2
=4/2=2Y-coordinate of the midpoint=1-(-5)/2=6/2=3Therefore, the coordinates of the midpoint of
line ST are(2,3)
Thank you