Courage Child Protection Audit: Lesotho

DEE BLACKIE

Courage Child Protection Audit: Lesotho

DEE BLACKIE

Courage Child Protection Audit: Lesotho

Prioritised Disempowerment Areas

DISEMPOWERMENT weight EMPOWERMENT

1 Neglect & Non Delivery 3.81 Action, Care & Delivery

2 Violence & Inequality 3.73 Values & Belief Set

3 Hate, Anger & Resentment 3.66 Love, Forgiveness & Empathy

4 No Direction & Addiction 3.61 Leadership, Vision & Purpose

5 Ignorance & Corruption 3.57 Knowledge & Accountability

6 Exploitation & lack of trust 3.50 Partnership & mutual trust

7 Low self esteem & no responsibility 3.39 High self esteem & responsibility

DEE BLACKIE

ALL CHILDREN BELOW THE AGE OF 18 YEARS

Number of children* Who they are living with* What is their living environment*

• In country? (% of total)• In each province? (% of total)• In each community? (% of total)• By gender (% of total)• Number of child births per year?• Number of child deaths per year?

− Prematurity?− Abandonment?− Illness?− Disease?− Neglect?− Abuse?− Suicide?

• Average child life expectancy?

• Birth mother and father?• Birth mother only?• Birth father only?• Grandparent/s?• Extended family?• Legal guardian? • On their own?

− On the street?− In a home (Child Headed HH)?

• Wards of the state?− Institution/home?− Foster care?− Correctional facility?

• Permanent legal adoption?− Local vs international?

• Urban/Rural split?• Living in poverty? (% of total)• Social security support?• Formal home vs Informal home?

− Access to electricity?− Access to clean water?− Access to adequate sanitation?

• Access to a family environment?• Access to a safe home/place to sleep?• Access to adequate nutrition?• Access to early childhood

development?• Access to adequate education?• Access to health care services?• Access to play/recreation?

Child protection overview*

Macro child protection challenges:•Registration & Citizenship?•Disease?

− HIV/AIDS?− FASD? − Other?

•Disability? − Premature birth? − Physical disability? − Mental disability?

•Orphans?•Illegal immigrants/refugees/ unaccompanied minors?

Family related child protection challenges:•Informal (illegal) adoption?•Parent drug or alcohol abuse?•Psychological maltreatment: ridiculing, terrorizing, corrupting, denying love and affection?•Bullying (tangible & cyber)?•Isolation and internment?•Female circumcision? •Harmful male circumcision? •Virginity testing? (age/consent)•Child/Teen crisis pregnancy?

Criminal child protection challenges:•Late/illegal abortion?•Child abandonment?

− Unsafe vs safe?•Child neglect?•Child living/working on street?•Physical abuse/ill-treatment?•Murder or Attempted murder•Corporal punishment?•Sexual abuse?•Child trafficking?•Child exploitation?•Child labour?•Child marriage?

* Each metric should be assessed by age, living environment e.g. may want to compare urban vs rural.

DEE BLACKIE

Lesotho Child Protection Review

• Number of Children:

– In country: 1,072,974 children under the age of 18 (2011-riatt-esa.org)

– By province: See next page

– In each community: Info not available

– By gender: male 321,017 female 318,265 ages 0-15 years (2014-indexmundi.com)

– Number of child births per year: 56 800 (2012-UNICEF)

– Number of child deaths per year: 100 000 under 5 years (2012-UNICEF)

– Respiratory Infections

– Diarrhoea 12% (2012-who.int)

– Anaemia 49% (2012-who.int)

– Malnutrition 7% (2012- who.int)

– Other 24% (2012-who.int)

– Average child life expectancy: 48,9 years (2012-UNICEF)

DEE BLACKIE

Graph showing the number of people in each district throughout Lesotho- 2011 6748 PDF doc

DEE BLACKIE

Pie charts showing the percentage of deaths and causes in children ages 5 years and younger- 2012 who.int

DEE BLACKIE

Lesotho Child Protection Review

• Who the children live with:

– Birth mother and father: 56% (2011-epdc.org)

– Birth mother only: 93000 children have lost one parent (2004-mg.co.za)

– Birth father only: 93000 children have lost one parent (2004-mg.co.za)

– Grandparent/s: 35% (2013-6748 PDF doc)

– Extended family: 16.2% (2013- 6748 PDF doc)

– Legal guardian: info not available

– On the street: In a home (Child Headed HH): 1857 orphans in child headed households (2013-wiredspace.wits.ac.za)

– Wards of the state? Info not available

– Institution/home: info not available

– Foster care: info not available

– Correctional facility: info not available

– Permanent legal adoption? Info not available

– Local vs international? Info not available

DEE BLACKIE

Pie graph showing the distribution of students by orphan status collected in a suvery- 2011 epdc.org

DEE BLACKIE

Lesotho Child Protection Review

• Living Environment:

– Urban/Rural split: 28,3% urban 72% rural (2012-UNICEF)

– Living in poverty: 43.2% (2012-.wfp.org)

– Social security support: 700 000 families (2013-southernafricatrust.org)

– Formal home vs Informal home: info not available

– Access to electricity: 11.3% (2010-academia.edu)

– Access to clean water: 77.7% (2011-UNICEF)

– Access to adequate sanitation: 26.3% (2011-UNICEF)

• Family environment:

– Access to a family environment: info not available

– Access to a safe home/place to sleep: info not available

– Access to adequate nutrition: 80% (2012-wfp.org)

– Access to early childhood development: 50 000 children (2005 -WFFC + 5 report doc)

– Access to adequate education: 84% attend school (2013-.osisa.org)

– Access to health care services: 61.5% (2014-who.int)

– Access to play/recreation: info not available

DEE BLACKIE

Lesotho: Macro Child Protection Challenges

• Registration & Citizenship: 45.1% (2012-UNICEF)

• Disease:

– HIV/AIDS: 28 000 children under 15 years (2013-riatt-esa.org)

– FASD: info not available

– Other: info not available

– Disability: 3.7% of children (2013-.osisa.org)

– Premature birth: 7200 (2010- who.int)

– Physical disability: 3.7% of the population living with some sort of disability (2013-african-decade.co.za)

– Mental disability: 3.7% of the population living with some sort of disability (2013-african-decade.co.za)

• Orphans: 362,665 (2013-riatt-esa.org)

• Illegal immigrants/refugees/ unaccompanied minors: 2 million illegal immigrants reported in 2010, adults and children (2010-un.org)

DEE BLACKIE

Lesotho: Family Child Protection Challenges

• Informal (illegal) adoption: info not available

• Parent drug or alcohol abuse: 8.8% of parents either have an alcohol or drug addiction (2011-dspace.unza.zm)

• Psychological maltreatment: info not available

• Bullying (tangible & cyber): info not available

• Isolation and internment : info not available

• Female circumcision: info not available

• Harmful male circumcision: 6.1% (2007-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)

• Virginity testing? (age/consent): ages 21 and below (2009-topix.com)

• Child/Teen crisis pregnancy: 13.2% (2012-UNICEF)

DEE BLACKIE

Lesotho Criminal Child Protection Challenges

• Late/illegal abortion: info not available

• Child abandonment (Safe vs unsafe): info not available

• Child neglect: info not available

• Child living/working on street: 20% of orphaned children (2009-gvnet.com)

• Physical abuse/ill-treatment: 43% (2009-iol.org)

• Murder or Attempted murder: 21 reported cases (2014-iol.co.za)

• Corporal punishment: 5.4% (2011-aidstar-one.com)

• Sexual abuse: 10 000 children reported (2011-aidstar-one.com)

• Child trafficking:28 000 children throughout Africa, no specifics for Lesotho only (2009-svri.org)

• Child exploitation: info not available

• Child labour: 22.9% of children are working under 18 (2012-UNICEF)

• Child marriage: 18,8% of children are married before 18 (2012-UNICEF)

dee@bobi.co.za www.couragechildprotection.com