Corrections chapter 3 ppt

Jails: Corrections at the Local Level

Chapter 3

Corrections at the Local Level

Jails are the entryway to corrections 1 year or less or those awaiting trial

The Contemporary Jail: Entranceto the System

Origins and Evolution Feudal practices in 12th Century England

Shire reeve, Gaol

American colonies Sheriffs, Constables, Jails

Penitentiary movement Added purpose


Population Characteristics

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Administration Elected sheriff—80% of jails run by sheriff State government—6 states run by the state Federal Bureau of Prisons—11 jails total Lockups/drunk tanks Private jails Law enforcement agencies Fee system

Discussion Question

Ask students to discuss which administration philosophy works best with jails. Explain why.


Regional Jails

Slow to catch on Political leaders Correctional leaders Citizens Private jails

Discussion Question

What if… a regional jail was opening in your community? Neighborhood? Two blocks from your house? Would you oppose it as many have, or do you embrace the philosophy of the regional jail system?

Pretrial Detention

Special Problems of Detainees

Mental health problems Substance dependency—1/2 of all inmates Medical needs—major to minor injuries Legal needs Pretrial detainees’ rights

Discussion Question

What if jails were replaced for drug offenders with local or state drug rehabilitation centers where offenders could get the help they needed? Could this cost effective? What are some pros and cons of this idea?

The Bail Problem and Alternatives

Bail Cash Bondsman

Problems Indigent defendants Money is a weak incentive Freedom for a price


Release on Recognizance

Higher appearance rates Lower rearrest rates Higher probation sentences Day reporting centers Electronic monitoring


Pretrial Diversion

Offenders’ crimes caused by special problems

Stigma attached to formal criminal labeling

Cheaper than formal criminal justice processing


Conduct during Pretrial Release 78% of defendants show up for every court

hearing

Absconders 1 in 5 (18%)

Rearrest Almost 1 in 5

Discussion Question

What if pretrial release was eliminated due to the problems discussed in the chapter? Would this have a positive or negative effect of jail conditions, populations, and programs?


Preventive Detention

Defendants regarded as dangerous are likely to commit crimes while awaiting trial and held for the protection of society

1984 Comprehensive Crime Control Act—assures safety

of the community

The Sentenced Jail Inmate

Special Difficulties for Correctional Administrators

Short duration of sentences

Physical limitations of jails

Issues in Jail Management

Legal liability

42 U.S.C. 1984—civil and criminal charges Section 1983 U.S.C.—civil judgments against

personnel


Jail Standards

Proactive criteria for jail management Basis for evaluation of staff performance Planning and evaluation of programs Binding or voluntary


Personnel Matters Poorly trained Least educated Worst paid Poor working conditions Understaffing


Jail Crowding Sentenced offenders waiting for prison space Violence Rape Health problems Possible solutions

Increased release options Speeding up trials


Jail Crowding



The Jail Facility

New generation jail Podular design—has a common area, 12-25 cells Interaction space Personal space Direct supervision


The Jail Facility New generation jail

Advantages Flexible economics Easy to meet minimum standards Supervising staff is less demanding Cheaper to construct Less violence Programmatic advantages


The Jail Facility

New generation jail Challenges

Hard to sell to the public Outmoded between planning and completion

Discussion Question

Discuss how new structures are programmatic but how they may also become problematic as well.

The Future of the Jail

Three General Trends New construction of jail facilities

Inter-Jurisdictional jails

Growing emphasis on strengthening alternatives to jail

Corrections chapter 3 ppt

Law

Transcript of Corrections chapter 3 ppt