Core Muscles - human-kinetics...muscles and movements of the torso are listed in table 6.10 and...
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Foundations of Professional Personal Training 114 Core Muscles The core of the body spans the entire trunk extending from the rib cage and diaphragm on the superior border to the pelvis inferiorly. Muscles of the core (the active subsystem of spinal stabilization) have been described by function as stabilizers or mobi- lizers since the late 1960s. Movement of the torso occurs at two primary joint locations—at the spine and at the pelvis. FIGURE 6.19 Movements of the ankle: (a) dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, and (b) eversion and inversion. Dorsiflexion (toe raise) Plantarflexion (toe point) a Eversion Inversion b Spinal movement occurs at the intervertebral joints (the joints between the vertebrae of the spine). An articulation between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the sacrum of the pelvis allows the pelvis to tilt. The core or torso area is best illustrated by viewing the torso from both the front (anterior view) and the back (posterior view) as seen in figure 6.20. The muscles and movements of the torso are listed in table 6.10 and illustrated in figure 6.21. FIGURE 6.20 Muscles of the core: (a) posterior and (b) anterior views showing abdominal and back core muscles and (c) deep muscles of the lower spine and pelvis. External oblique Rectus abdominis Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Longissimus capitis Iliocostalis cervicis Iliocostalis dorsi Erector spinae Semispinalis dorsi Multifidus a b
Transcript of Core Muscles - human-kinetics...muscles and movements of the torso are listed in table 6.10 and...
Foundations of Professional Personal Training114
Core MusclesThe core of the body spans the entire trunk extending from the rib cage and diaphragm on the superior border to the pelvis inferiorly. Muscles of the core (the active subsystem of spinal stabilization) have been described by function as stabilizers or mobi-lizers since the late 1960s.
Movement of the torso occurs at two primary joint locations—at the spine and at the pelvis.
FIGURE 6.19 Movements of the ankle: (a) dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, and (b) eversion and inversion.
Dorsiflexion(toe raise)
Plantarflexion(toe point)
a
E6139/canfitpro/fig06.19a/505393/pulled/R3-kh
Eversion Inversion
E6139/CanFitPro/Fig.06.19b/505394/JB/R2-KH
b
Spinal movement occurs at the intervertebral joints (the joints between the vertebrae of the spine). An articulation between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the sacrum of the pelvis allows the pelvis to tilt. The core or torso area is best illustrated by viewing the torso from both the front (anterior view) and the back (posterior view) as seen in figure 6.20. The muscles and movements of the torso are listed in table 6.10 and illustrated in figure 6.21.
FIGURE 6.20 Muscles of the core: (a) posterior and (b) anterior views showing abdominal and back core muscles and (c) deep muscles of the lower spine and pelvis.
External oblique
Rectus abdominis
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Longissimus capitis
Iliocostalis cervicis
Iliocostalis dorsi
Erector spinae
Semispinalisdorsi
Multifidus
E6139/canfitpro/fig06.20a/505087/pulled/R3
a b
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c
Psoas minor
12th rib
Quadratuslumborum
Symphysispubis
Intervertebraldisc
Psoas major
Iliacus
E6139/canfitpro/fig06.20b/505088/pulled/R3
TABLE 6.10 Muscles and Movements of the CoreMuscle Origin Insertion Function
Rectus abdominis Pubis Ribs 5 through 7, sternum Spinal flexion, posterior pelvic tilt
Internal oblique Pelvis Lower ribs Spinal rotation, lateral flexion, posterior pelvic tilt
External oblique Lower 8 ribs Pelvis Spinal rotation, lateral flexion, posterior pelvic tilt
Transversus abdominis
Lateral torso Linea alba, pelvis Internal stability
Erector spinae Lower thoracic vertebrae, lumbar spine
Cervical and thoracic vertebrae, ribs, base of skull
Spinal extension
Quadratus lumborum Pelvis (iliac crest) Rib 12, lumbar vertebrae Lateral flexion
Multifidus Posterior sacrum Spinous processes of the vertebrae
Spinal extension and stabilization of spinal column
FIGURE 6.20 > continued
FlexionExtension
a
E6139/canfitpro/fig06.21a/505032/pulled/R2-khe6139/canfitpro/fig6.21c/505033/pulled/R3-kh
cb
E6139/canfitpro/fig06.21b/505089/pulled/R2-khFIGURE 6.21 Movements of the torso: (a) spinal flexion and extension, (b) lateral flexion, and (c) rotation.
