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Transcript of Construction Site Operations Training. Topics for Today Site Leadership and Site Binder Safety...
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Construction Site Operations Training
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Topics for Today
Site Leadership and Site BinderSafety Monitoring and EnforcementSafety Topics
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Morning Planning Meeting
House Leader, House Lead Assistant and Crew Leaders meet at the site approximately 30 minutes prior to the scheduled arrival of the other volunteers.
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Morning Planning Meeting
Plan the day's work, adjusting for site conditions, weather, etc.
Discuss technical aspects, materials, tools and locations of the materials and tools.
Assess hazards, safety issues, and preventative measures.
Choose which sections of the “Safety Huddle Booklet” will be reviewed, using the “Safety Huddle Report”.
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Emergency Preparedness
Safety Board First Aid Kit CPR & First Aid Training Fire Extinguishers Water Phone Contacts Job Site Address
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Safety Huddle Report
SAFETY HUDDLE REPORT
SITE ADDRESS: __________________________________________ DATE: ___________ TODAY’S BUILDING TASKS: _________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ANY HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS:______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
PLEASE LIST ANY INDIVIDUALS WITH SAFETY OR FIRST AID/CPR TRAINING:
NAME TRAINING
PLEASE DISCUSS THE FOLLOW SAFETY TOPICS:
REQUIRED SAFETY TOPICS TO REVIEW TOPICS REVIEWED
General Safety Precautions
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Hand and Power Tools
Ladders
PHASE SPECFIC SAFETY TOPICS TO REVIEW TOPICS REVIEWED
First Floor Trusses and Deck
First Floor Walls and Porch Framing
Second Floor Trusses and Deck
Second Floor Walls
Roof Trusses
Roof Sheathing and Roofing
Dow Board
Window and Door Installation
Stair Installation and Finish Framing
Siding
Porch Posts and Railings
Conductor Lines
Fiberglass Insulation
Drywall
Painting
Vinyl Flooring
Interior Finish Carpentry
Landscaping and Exterior Finishing
House Cleaning
Print Name: ____________________________ Signature: ________________________
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Safety Huddle Booklet
Guide for reviewing General Safety Precautions and the precautions specific to each phase of construction
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Volunteer Sign In
Date
Total Volunteers
Site or Function
Total Hours
Please Read Carefully Before Signing In-- You Must Sign a Waiver of Liability Before Starting To Work
By signing in on the volunteer log, I am acknowledging that I will not work on site until I have received a safety huddle, and I understand that my work (or my dependent(s) work) as a volunteer on or about a Habitat for Humanity construction site or project will expose me (or my dependent(s)) to various risks of injury or illness. I understand and assume these risks, and agree not to hold Habitat for Humanity – Greater Columbus, its agents, employees or volunteers liable for such injury and/or illness.
Name (PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY)
Address City, State, Zip
Group name (if applicable)
Email address
Crew or House leader
interest?
Yes No
HFHGC Mailing
List?
Yes No Time
In Time Out
Total Hours
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Waiver of Liability
Release and Waiver of Liability PLEASE READ CAREFULLY! THIS IS A LEGAL DOCUMENT THAT AFFECTS YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS! YOU MUST HAVE A SIGNED WAIVER BEFORE VOLUNTEERING! This Release and Waiver of Liability (the “Release”) executed on this day of , 200 by (Volunteer), in favor of Habitat for Humanity International, Inc., a nonprofit corporation, and Habitat for Humanity – Greater Columbus, an Ohio nonprofit corporation, their directors, officers, employees, and agents (collectively, “Habitat”). The Volunteer desires to work as a volunteer for Habitat and engage in the activities related to being a volunteer (the “Activities”). The Volunteer understands that the Activities may include but are not limited to constructing and rehabilitating residential buildings, working in the Habitat offices, working in Habitat’s ReStore or Warehouse, and living in housing provided for volunteers of Habitat. The Volunteer hereby freely, voluntarily, and without duress executes this Release under the following terms: Release and Waiver Volunteer does hereby release and forever discharge and hold harmless Habitat and its successors and assigns from any and all liability, claims, and demands of whatever kind or nature, either in law or in equity, which arise or may hereafter arise from Volunteer’s Activities with Habitat. Volunteer understands that this Release discharges Habitat from any liability or claim that the Volunteer may have against Habitat with respect to any bodily injury, personal injury, illness, death, or property damage that may result from Volunteer’s Activities with Habitat, whether caused by the negligence of Habitat or its officers, directors, employees, or agents or otherwise. Volunteer also understands that Habitat does not assume any responsibility for or obligation to provide financial assistance or other assistance, including but not limited to medical, health, or disability insurance in the event of injury or illness. Medical Treatment Volunteer does hereby release and forever discharge Habitat from any claim whatsoever which arises or may hereafter arise on account of any first aid, treatment, or service rendered in connection with the Volunteer’s Activities with Habitat. Assumption of the Risk The Volunteer understands that the Activities included work that may be hazardous to the Volunteer, including, but not limited to, construction, loading and unloading, and transportation to and from the work sites. Volunteer hereby expressly and specifically assumes the risk of injury or harm in the Activities and releases Habitat from all liability for injury, illness, death, or property damage resulting from the Activities. Insurance The Volunteer understands that, except as otherwise agreed to by Habitat in writing, Habitat does not carry or maintain health, medical, or disability insurance coverage for any Volunteer. Each Volunteer is expected and encouraged to obtain his or her own medical or health insurance coverage. Photographic Release Volunteer does hereby grant and convey unto Habitat all right, title, and interest in any and all photographic images and video or audio recordings made by Habitat during the Volunteer’s Activities with Habitat, including, but not limited to, any royalties, proceeds or other benefits derived from such photographs or recordings. Other Volunteer expressly agrees that this Release is intended to be as broad and inclusive as permitted by the laws of the State of Ohio, and that this Release shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Ohio. Volunteer agrees that in the event that any clause or provision of this Release shall be held to be invalid by any court of competent jurisdiction, the invalidity of such clause or provision shall not otherwise affect the remaining provisions of this Release which shall continue to be enforceable. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Volunteer has executed this Release as of the day and year first written. Witness: Volunteer Signature: X Name printed clearly Address: Phone: (Day) (Evening) (Cell)
Working in partnership with God and people to build affordable homes, empower families, and develop communities.
T.614.414.0427 F.614.414.0432 3140 Westerville Rd. Columbus, Ohio 43224 www.habitat-columbus.org
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Waiver of Liability for Minors
RELEASE AND WAIVER OF LIABILITY FOR MINORS
Page 1 of 2 PLEASE READ CAREFULLY! THIS IS A LEGAL DOCUMENT THAT AFFECTS YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS! YOU MUST HAVE A SIGNED WAIVER BEFORE VOLUNTEERING. This Release and Waiver of Liability (the “Release”) executed on this day of , 200 , by , a minor child (the “Volunteer”), and , the parent having legal custody and/or the legal guardian of the volunteer (the “Guardian”), in favor of Habitat for Humanity International, Inc., a nonprofit corporation, and Habitat for Humanity – Greater Columbus, an Ohio nonprofit corporation, their directors, officers, employees, and agents (collectively, “Habitat”). The Volunteer and Guardian desire that the Volunteer work as a volunteer for Habitat and engage in the activities related to being a volunteer (the “Activities”). The Volunteer and Guardian understand that the Activities may include but are not limited to, constructing and rehabilitating residential buildings, working in the Habitat offices, working in Habitat’s ReStore or Warehouse and living in housing provided for volunteers of Habitat. The Volunteer and Guardian hereby freely, voluntarily, and without duress executes this Release under the following terms: Release and Waiver. Volunteer and Guardian do hereby release and forever discharge and hold harmless Habitat and its successors and assigns from any and all liability, claims, and demands of whatever kind or nature, either in law or in equity, which arise or may hereafter arise from Volunteer’s Activities with Habitat. Volunteer and Guardian understand that this Release discharges Habitat from any liability or claim that the Volunteer and Guardian may have against Habitat with respect to any bodily injury, personal injury, illness, death, or property damage that may result from Volunteer’s Activities with Habitat, whether caused by the negligence of Habitat or its officers, directors, employees, or agents or otherwise. Volunteer and Guardian also understand that Habitat does not assume any responsibility for or obligation to provide financial assistance or other assistance, including but not limited to medical, health, or disability insurance in the event of injury or illness. It is the policy of Habitat that children under the age of 14 not be allowed on a Habitat worksite while there is construction in progress. It is further the policy of Habitat that, while children between the ages of 16 and 18 may be allowed to participate in construction work, ultra hazardous activity such as using power tools, excavation, demolition or working on rooftops is not permitted by anyone under the age of 18. Medical Treatment. Volunteer and Guardian do hereby release and forever discharge Habitat from any claim whatsoever which arises or may hereafter arise on account of any first aid, treatment, or service rendered in connection with the Volunteer’s Activities with Habitat or with the decision by any such representative or agent of Habitat to exercise the power to consent to medical or dental treatment as such power may be granted and authorized in the Parental Authorization for Treatment of a Minor Child. Assumption of the Risk. The Volunteer and Guardian understand that the Activities included work that may be hazardous to the Volunteer, including, but not limited to, construction, loading and unloading, and transportation to and from the work sites. Volunteer and Guardian hereby expressly and specifically assumes the risk of injury or harm in the Activities and releases Habitat from all liability for injury, illness, death, or property damage resulting from the Activities. Insurance. The Volunteer understands that, except as otherwise agreed to by Habitat in writing, Habitat does not carry or maintain health, medical, or disability insurance coverage for any Volunteer. Each Volunteer is expected and encouraged to obtain his or her own medical or health insurance coverage.
PLEASE TURN PAGE OVER FOR AREA TO SIGN BY PARENT/GUARDIAN.
T.614.414.0427 F.614.414.0432 3140 Westerville Rd. Columbus, Ohio 43224 www.habitat-columbus.org
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Job Site Youth Policy
Job Site Youth Policy
The Secretary of Labor has set out guidelines from which Habitat for Humanity – Greater Columbus has adopted for all construction sites. In addition, Habitat requests all construction leaders to help with the compliance of this policy. The only exception to this policy is when a school-supervised and school-administered work experience or career exploration program has been coordinated through Habitat. In this case, the sponsoring school is required to certify that the exception applies to each child. Youth under the age of 13 Are not allowed on job sites when construction is being performed, but they can do non-construction related projects off site. Youth ages 14 and 15 Are not allowed on job sites when construction is being done, but they can do any of the following:
1. Site clearing 2. Clean up work 3. Landscaping work that does not involve the use of power tools or
machinery 4. Carpentry that is done off site and does not involve the use of power tools,
or working on a ladder or any other heights 5. Volunteer in Habitat’s ReStore
Youth ages 16 and 17 Are allowed on job sites while construction is in progress when working alongside an adult (21 or older). They may not do any of the following, which are considered hazardous jobs:
1. Work involving power tools or heavy machinery 2. Wrecking and demolition 3. Excavation/working around open holes or excavations 4. Roofing or activities involving heights on ladders or scaffolding 5. Driving Habitat owned motor vehicles
All youth under the age of 18 must have a minor waiver form signed by a parent or guardian before beginning to volunteer. Anyone 18 and over must have signed an adult waiver form before beginning to volunteer.
All youth under the age of 18 must have adult supervision, with no more than 5 youths to 1 adult.
T.614.414.0427 F.614.414.0432 3140 Westerville Rd. Columbus, Ohio 43224 www.habitat -columbus.org
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Sweat Equity
Habitat for Humanity-Greater Columbus 3140 Westerville Rd. Columbus, Ohio 43224
Fax: 614-414-0432 Phone: 364-7014
SWEAT EQUITY HOUR FORM
Worker Name: ________________________________ Credit these hours to the _________________________________ family. Task:
Date:
Location (note address if house site):
Type of Hours, Circle One: Req. Workshop Elect. Workshop Community Serv. Restore Public Rel. Construction Const.-Other Elective
Time In: Time Out: Total Time: Supervisor Signature:
Supervisor Comments:
Task:
Date:
Location (note address if house site):
Type of Hours, Circle One: Req. Workshop Elect. Workshop Community Serv. Office/Restore Public Rel. Construction Const.-Other Homes Elective
Time In: Time Out: Total Time: Supervisor Signature:
Supervisor Comments:
Task:
Date:
Location (note address if house site):
Type of Hours, Circle One: Req. Workshop Elect. Workshop Community Serv. Office/ReStore Public Rel. Construction Const.-Other Elective
Time In: Time Out: Total Time: Banked Hours? Yes No
Supervisor Signature:
Supervisor Comments:
Total # of Hours on this page: _________________________ To be valid, all slips must be signed by a Habitat Affiliate Representative (i.e. the supervisor of the work performed) or by an Authorized Workshop Presenter for all workshops attended or by an Authorized Individual for Community Service work performed. The Supervisor’s signature indicates that the worker has performed the type of work indicated on this form and has worked the number of hours noted. Partner families are responsible for returning completed form to the Habitat office by the end of the month the Sweat Equity was performed.
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Summary of Daily Morning Orientation
Have volunteers sign in and complete waivers. Pray and provide general Habitat overview. Location of drinking water, Safety Board, first aid kit
and fire extinguisher Identify volunteers with first aid and/or safety training
or experience. Review the appropriate sections of the Safety
Huddle Booklet. Discuss the day’s work plans and make crew
assignments
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Ad Hoc Orientation
Be sure to interact with any volunteers who missed the Morning Orientation about the work tasks and safety issues discussed.
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Work Site Audit
Use the Work Site Audit Form every day to audit the safety conditions and practices at the work site.
These audits provide feedback to the HFHGC Safety Committee on the effectiveness of the HFHGC Safety Process.
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Work Site Audit Form
WORK SITE AUDIT FORM PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING ITEMS AND IF ANY ITEMS ARE NOT SAFE AND READY TO BE USED PLEASE CALL 419-2094 AND INFORM THE SITE SUPERVISOR.
ITEMS TO BE CHECKED YES NO COMMENTS
First Aid Kit - Fully Stocked?
Fire Extinguishers - Available & Fully Charged?
Personal Protective Equipment (gloves, hardhats, safety glasses, dusk masks, ear plugs)
- PPE: in good repair?
- PPE: utilized by all on site?
- PPE: enough on site for all?
Protective Barriers should be used around all opening in floors, walls and excavations.
- Protective Barriers in use where needed?
Jobsite clear of debris, including lumber with exposed nails?
Are all materials and equipment stored 6' from perimeter of the structure?
Are all electric cords free of entanglement, in good repair, and plugged into a power supply equipped with a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI)?
Are all tools (power and hand) in good shape with safety guards operational?
Is there adequate supply of drinking water and cups?
Are all ladders, pump jacks, and ladder jack systems in good repair and installed and being used correctly?
Print Name: _______________________________________ Signature: _______________________________________
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Accident Investigation
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Accident Investigation Report
Error!
What can we do to prevent this from happening again? _ ____________________________________________________________ ______________________ _ ____________________________________________________ ________ ______________________ _ __________________________________________________________________________________ _ __________________________________________________________________________________
Remarks/Comments:__________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Investigator Print Name: __________________________Signature:____________________Date: _________ Involved Party Print Name: ___________________Signature:____________________Date: _________ Involved Party Print Name: ___________________Signature:____________________Date: _________ Involved Party Print Name: ___________________Signature:____________________Date: _________
* If there are additional documents, be sure that they are turned in with this form. Revised 11/08
Root Cause Analysis Check ALL that apply to this accident
Unsafe Acts Unsafe Conditions
Improper work technique _____ Poor work area design _____
Safety rule violation _____ Unsafe operation method _____
Improper PPE or PPE not used _____ Improper maintenance _____
Operating without authority _____ Lack of direct supervision _____
Operating at improper speeds _____ Lack of experience _____
By-passing safety devices _____ Insufficient knowledge of job _____
Protective equipment not in use _____ Slippery conditions _____
Improper loading or placement _____ Excessive noise _____
Improper lifting _____ Inadequate guarding of hazards _____
Servicing machinery in motion _____ Defective tools/equipment _____
Horseplay _____ Poor housekeeping _____
Drug or alcohol use _____ Insufficient lighting _____
Re-Training Assigned (date) _ _ _ _
Unsafe Condition Guarded (date) _ _ _ _ _
Re-Training Completed (date) _ _ _ _
Unsafe Condition Corrected (date) _ _ _ _ _
Appendix B-HFHGC Safety Accident Investigation Report
Remember: An accident is defined as an undesirable or unfortunate incident that occurs unexpectedly or unintentionally and can result in injury, damage, or loss. Instructions: This form should be filled out whenever an accident occurs that either did or could have caused physical
harm to someone or did or could have caused damage to material or equipment. Our goal is to eliminate these hazards.
Discuss what happened with everyone that witnessed or was involved in the accident and what recommendations could be made to keep it from happening again.
In case of injury or damage you should contact the Construction Director (364-7023) immediately and take photos or make a sketch of the area to describe what happened.
All information gathered should be filed with this report and given to a staff member, including photos and any information provided by witnesses.
Accident Date:_ _ _ _ _ _ Time:_ _ _ _ _ Investigation Date:_ _ _ _ _ _ Time:_ _ _ _ _ Location/Address:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Who was involved? (Identify everyone involved in the accident. Note whether they were volunteers or HFHGC staff). ______________________________________________________________ _____________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ______________________
Select all that apply:
Injury Occurred?
If So, Name: _ __ _ __ __ _ _ __ __ _ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ _ Phone:_ __ _ __ __ _ _ __ __ _ Address: _ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _
Medical Attention Sought?
Chubb Claim Form Filed?
What happened? (Describe the accident and conditions or work practices that contributed to the accident. Include tasks performed). _____________________________________________________________ ______________________ _____________________________________________________________ ______________________ _______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______________________________________ ____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ______________________
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Accident Claim Form (CHUBB)
This form is used when there is an accident that requires medical attention
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Completed Forms
Keep completed site and safety forms in the yellow folder in the site binder
The Site Supervisor will collect these forms on a regular basis
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Maintaining the Mobile Mini
Having the tools and materials organized inside the Mini helps keep the job running efficiently.
The Mini itself can become a safety hazard-keep a clear path and make sure tools and materials are secured from falling.
Keep Valuable Tools inside the Mini overnight, not in the house.
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Safety Monitoring and Enforcement
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Safety First
A Good Carpenter once told his crew, "Consider the safety of others on the work site as you would have
them consider your safety“.
Matthew 7:12 (paraphrased)
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A Responsibility to Safety
All employees and volunteers have the
responsibility to follow the guidelines and
information in the safety manual and to work
safely while on a HFHGC job site.
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Safety Training
Provide the best possible information and preparation to everyone on site.
By providing the safety and awareness training and monitoring work sites, HFHGC can continue to provide housing for families in need and make volunteer experiences memories that will last a lifetime.
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Promotion and Monitoring
Continually promote safety awareness and coach all volunteers to ensure adherence to all safety checklists and safe practices throughout the site at all times.
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Roles & Responsibilities
House Leaders are responsible for implementing and enforcing safety requirements on the work sites.
House Leaders, House Lead Assistants and Crew Leaders have the responsibility to provide coaching to volunteers about safe work practices.
Individuals who are unwilling to respond to this coaching will be asked to leave the worksite.
Any controversies that result from this request will be addressed by the HFHGC Volunteer Director, and/or the HFHGC Construction Director.
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Things to Keep in Mind
Most volunteers are novices who work only once or a small number of times.
Never be in a hurry, take as much time as is needed to provide safety training and work technique guidance.
Safety training must be augmented throughout the day with reinforcement by a small number of more experienced and/or trained volunteers.
Encourage volunteers to drink plenty of water and to use sunscreen as needed.
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Safety Equipment
• All equipment, tools, their associated safety devices and guarding are in good working order at all times.
• Safety glasses 100%.
• Hard hats 100% prior to drywall finish, thereafter as needed.
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Enforcement of Rules
1st Violation – Safety Coaching 2nd Violation – Additional Safety Coaching 3rd Violation – suspension from jobsite (with
site supervisor consultation)
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Safety Coaching is provided to individuals when it is observed that there is either an unsafe condition or an unsafe act that needs to be brought to their attention.
Be sure to provide coaching remarks in terms of the risk to which they may be exposed while correcting the unsafe condition or act.
It is best to provide safety coaching in a positive way to the person or persons at risk.
Safety Coaching
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Personal Protective Equipment
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Personal Protection Equipment
No loose clothing Long hair tied back or put up Sturdy shoes: hard soled, NO open toe or
sandals
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Personal Protective Equipment
•HardhatsWorn when there is any overhead hazard, 100% of the time prior to drywall finish.
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Personal Protective Equipment
•Eye Protection 100% of the Time
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Personal Protective Equipment
•Hearing ProtectionRecommended for person running power tools for a long period of time
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Personal Protective Equipment
•Hand ProtectionAs required/necessary
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Hand & Power Tools
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Hazards
Workers using hand and power tools may be exposed to these hazards:
objects that fall, fly, are abrasive, or splash
harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, and gases
frayed or damaged electrical cords, hazardous connections and improper grounding
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Basic Tool Safety Rules
Maintain on a regular basis– Use right tool for the job– Inspect before use– Operate according to
manufacturers’ instructions – Use the right personal
protective equipment (PPE)– Use safety guards
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Hand Tool Hazards
Hazards are usually caused by misuse and improper maintenance
Do not use: wrenches when jaws are sprung impact tools (chisels and wedges)
when heads have mushroomed tools with loose, cracked or
splintered handles a screwdriver as a chisel tools with taped handles – they may
be hiding cracks
Crack
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Hand Tools - Protection
Use PPE, such as safety goggles and gloves
Keep floor surface where working free from debris and tripping or slipping hazards
Keep cutting tools sharp
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Power Tools
Must be fitted with guards and safety switches
Extremely hazardous when used improperly
Different types,determined by their power source:
Electric Pneumatic Liquid fuel Hydraulic Powder-actuated
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Power Tools - Precautions
Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing and cleaning, and when changing accessories
Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to operate the tool
Don’t hold the switch button while carrying a plugged-in tool
Keep tools sharp and clean Consider what you wear – loose clothing and
jewelry can get caught in moving parts Remove damaged electric tools & tag them:
“Do Not Use”
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Power Tools – PrecautionsElectric Cords
Don’t carry portable tools by the cord
Don’t use electric cords to hoist or lower tools
Don’t yank cord or hose to disconnect it
Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edges
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To protect a worker from shock, these tools must:
have a 3-wire cord plugged into a grounded receptacle
be double insulated, or be powered by a low-voltage
isolation transformer
Electric Power Tools
Double insulated markings
Plug with a grounding pin
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Electric Tools – Good Practices
Operate within design limits Use gloves and safety glasses Store in a dry place Don’t use in wet locations unless
approved for that Keep work areas well lit Ensure cords don’t present a
tripping hazard
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The point of operation is where the work is actually performed on the materials – it must be guarded
Guarding - Point of Operation
This shows a radial arm saw equipped with proper point of operation guards
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Guard these saws above and below the base plate or shoe. The lower guard must cover the saw to the depth of the teeth.
Guarding Portable Circular Saws
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Hood guard
Table Saw Guarding
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Liquid Fuel Tools
Usually gasoline powered
Main hazard – fuel vapors
Use only approved flammable liquid containers
Before refilling a fuel-powered tool tank, shut down the engine and allow it to cool
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Summary
Hazards are usually the result of improper tool use or not following one or more of these protection techniques: Inspecting the tool before use Using PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) Using guards Properly storing the tool Using safe handling techniques
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Electrical Safety
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It’s Just Electricity
Most people assume that electrical power is relatively harmless– Yet many people are killed each year – Most deaths involve 110 volt power
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Temporary Power
Electrical shocks due to temporary power and cords can be controlled by
– Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI)
– Covers on electrical equipment
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GFCI Systems
GFCI’s don’t eliminate electrical shock, – They reduce the magnitude and duration
At 5 milliamps (mA) or less (Magnitude) In 1/40th of 1 second (Duration)
– They terminate the flow of electricity
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Dry vs Wet and Ohms Law
If our body is wet the electrical resistance is approximately 1000 Ohms
Under Ohms Law120/1000 Ohms
equals 120 mA and is enough to cause ventricular fibrillation
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GFCI Systems
When GFCI’s trip repeatedly, the cause is often equipment related
Extension cords often have internal damage, that allow ground faults
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GFCI Systems
Replacing the GFCI will not fix the problem
– Replace the damaged tool or cord
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GFCI Systems
GFCI systems must be tested DAILY before use
– Use the test button on the device
– Use a tool to assure the power stops
GFCI’s can be wired incorrectly
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Overhead Power
Regulations require we stay 10 feet or more from overhead power lines
This includes;– Ladders– Backhoes– Forklifts– Cranes– Concrete pump trucks
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Overhead Power
The power company will provide grounding and barriers or blankets to cut off power when requested
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Stairway & Ladder Safety
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What NOT to Do
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What NOT to Do
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What NOT to Do
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Stairways and ladders cause many injuries and fatalities among construction workers
About half the injuries caused by slips, trips and falls from ladders and stairways require time off the job
Hazards
Improper use of the top rung of a step ladder
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At the end of this training, you should be able to list or describe:
Safety guidelines and requirements for stairwaysused on a construction site
Safe practices and requirements for ladders used on a construction site
Slips, Trips and FallsOn Stairways and Ladders
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• There must be a stairway or ladder at points of access where there is a break in elevation of 19 inches or more.
General Requirements
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When toprail of stairrail is also the handrail it must be between 36 & 37 inches high
measured from the front of the stair tread
36" - 37"
Stairrail vs. Handrail
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Rails must be able to withstand a force of 200 pounds
Handrail and Top Rail Strength
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Handrails
Stairways with four or more risers, or higher than 30 inches, must be equipped with at least one handrail.
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Stairways with four or more risers or more than 30 inches high must have a stairrail along each unprotected side or edge.
Stairrails
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Install between 30 and 50 degrees.
Must have uniform riser height and tread depth, with less than a 1/4-inch variation.
Uniform
- 30 & 50 degree angle
No more than 1/4 inch No more than 1/4 inch variation in any stairway systemvariation in any stairway system
Stairs
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Dangerous Conditions
Fix slippery conditions before using.
Stairway parts must be free of obstructions which may cause injuries or snag clothing.
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Ladders
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Ladders must be kept in a safe condition
-- DO – Keep the area around the top and bottom of a ladder clear
Ensure rungs, cleats, and steps are level and uniformly spaced
Ensure rungs are spaced 10 to 14 inches apart
Keep ladders free from slipping hazards
General Ladder Requirements
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Use ladders only for their designed purpose
-- DON’T – Tie ladders together to make longer sections, unless designed for such use
Use single rail ladders
Load ladders beyond the maximum load for which they were built, nor beyond the manufacturer’s rated capacity
Use step ladders as extension ladders
General Ladder Requirements
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Securing Ladders
Secure ladders to prevent accidental movement due to workplace activity
Be sure ladders are on stable and level surfaces or leg levelers are used.
Do not use ladders on slippery surfaces unless provided with slip-resistant feet
This ladder is not on a stable surface
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Inspect before use for cracks, dents, and missing rungs
Design or treat rungs to minimize slipping
Side rails -- at least 11 1/2 inches apart
Must support 4 times the maximum load
Job Built Ladders
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Ladder Angle
Non-self-supporting ladders: (which lean against a wall or
other support)
Position at an angle where the horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is 1/4 the working length of the ladder
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When using a portable ladder for access to an upper landing surface, the side rails must extend at least 3 feet above the upper landing surface
Ladder Rail Extension
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Near Energized Electrical Equipment
If using ladders where you or the ladder could contact exposed energized electrical equipment, you must have nonconductive siderails such as wood or fiberglass.
This is an unsafe condition
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Do NOT use the top or top step of a stepladder as a step
Top Step
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Do NOT use crossbracing on the rear of a stepladder for climbing - unless the ladder is designed for that
On this ladder the back rungs are designed for use
Crossbracing
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A competent person must inspect ladders for visible defects, like broken or missing rungs
If a defective ladder is found, immediately mark it defective or tag it "Do Not Use”.
Withdraw defective ladders from service until repaired.
Damaged or Defective Ladders
Missing rung
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Face the ladder when going up or down.
Use at least one hand to grab the ladder when going up or down.
Do not carry any object or load that could cause you to lose balance.
Climbing the Ladder
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SummaryKey Components for Stairway Safety
• Treads• Rails
handrails stair rails guardrails
• Landings and Platforms
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SummaryKey Components for Ladder Safety
• A competent person must inspect ladders for damage.
• Use the correct ladder for the job.
• Use the correct angle, supports, treads, cross braces and rails.
• Do NOT overload.
• Volunteers must be trained in proper use of a ladder.
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Fall Protection
First the overview….
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Why is fall protection important?
• Prevents or reduces personal injury
• Prevents/reduces injury to others
• Compliance with the regulations
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• The importance of planning • When fall protection is required• What fall protection methods are available• Training
Fall Protection Topics
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Fall protection must be provided when individuals are exposed to the hazard of falling six feet or more…..
• through holes
• through wall openings
• from established floors, mezzanines, balconies, & walkways
• into excavations
Duty to Have Fall Protection
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• Evaluate the work site
• Identify fall hazards
• Identify who is exposed to fall hazards
• Evaluate the process to be done and the needs to complete the task
• Identify what method of fall protection will be used for each hazard identified
Planning and Identifying Needs
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How much planning was done here?
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Fall Protection Standards
Fall Restraint and Fall Arrest– when there is a hazard of falling from a location
10 feet or more in height
Floor Openings, Wall Openings and Stairways– when there is a hazard of falling from a
walking/working surface 6 feet or more in height
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What gets people hurt
How to prevent that
Where to check on things
Now the details….
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Floor Openings
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Floor Openings
An opening 12” or more in its least dimension in any floor, roof or platform through which persons may fall.
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Covers
Must be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 2X the weight of employees, equipment, and materials that may be imposed on the cover at any one time
Must be secured to prevent accidental displacement by the wind, equipment, or employees
Must be color coded or marked “HOLE” or “COVER”
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Wall Openings
An opening at least 30” high and 18 wide in any wall or partition through which persons may fall….
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Wall Openings
At least 30” high and 18” wide
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Wall Openings
Guardrail
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Height Minimum height of 42” plus/minus 3”, EXCEPT:
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Stairways
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• Toprail at 42” (+/- 3”) from working surface
• Midrail approx. 21”, or screens/mesh from toprail to working surface
• Capable of withstanding 200 lbs. of force (midrail must withstand 150 lbs.) applied within two inches of the top edge
Guardrail Systems
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Stairways
“Standard guardrail”– top rail, midrail, toeboard, posts
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Ramps
Where there is a break in elevation of 18” or more
Minimum 18” wide
Not more than 20o from horizontal
Cleated or treated to prevent slipping
Guardrails if more than 6’ from surface
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“Open Sided Platform”
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“Trigger Height”
6 feet is default May be zero if above/adjacent to dangerous
equipment, chemicals, other hazards
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6’ “Trigger Height”
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What’s Wrong With This Picture?
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Hazard?
Area should be clean to prevent tripping hazards.
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Hazard?
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Hazard?
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• Installed under Competent Person supervision
• Cannot be used as fall protection on roofs with ground/eave height of 25 ft. or more
• Cannot be used as fall protection on roofs with a slope less than 3:12 nor greater than 8:12
• Roofs with slopes greater than or equal to 3:12 to and including 6:12 minimum of one slide guard placed below the
work area no closer than 6” from the eave
Slide Guards
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• Roofs with slopes greater than 6:12 to and including 8:12 multiple slide guards must be used spaced 8’ apart, vertically lower slide guard must be placed no closer than
6” from eave
• Lowest slide guard must be 90 degrees to the roof surface
Slide Guards
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Slide Guards
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• Installed according to manufacturer’s specs
• Minimum 6” brackets must be used
• All brackets must bear on a solid surface
• Brackets must not be spaced greater than 8’ apart horizontally, or according to manufacturer’s specs (whichever is less)
Slide Guard Systems – Manufactured Roof Brackets
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• Nominal 2”X6” material must be used for slide guards must be secured to the brackets or
otherwise protected against cantilevering and failure due to material flex
Slide Guard Systems – Manufactured Roof Brackets
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PUMP JACK/LADDER JACK PHOTO COMPLIANCE GUIDE
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Distance from Wall
The walkboard should be no more than 14” from Wall
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Footing shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded pump jack/walkboard without settling or displacement.
Pump Jack Set Up
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Each walk platform shall extend over its end support at least 6 inches.
Pump Jack Set Up
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Safe access shall be provided to walkboard.
Ladder arranged so that worker can step onto walkboard directly from the ladder.
Pump Jack Set Up
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Guardrails are required at all open sides and ends of walkboard.
Ends are not guarded on this narrow walkboard.
Pump Jack Set Up
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Pump jack poles shall be secured to the structure at the top by the use of rigid triangular bracing or equivalent.
Pump Jack Set Up
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Pump jack poles shall be secured to the structure at the bottom by the rigid triangular bracing or equivalent.
.
Pump Jack Set Up
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Workbench may be used as a top rail if it meets the requirements for guardrails.
Pump Jack Set Up
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Walk platform must be within 14 inches to the structure.
Safe access to the walkboard shall be provided
Ladder Jack Set Up
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Safe access shall be provided to walkboards over 2 feet in height.
Ladderjack access ladder is set up so that worker steps from ladder to plank with no interference.
Ladder Jack Set Up
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Ladder jack platforms shall not be bridged one to another.
Both metal planks should not be resting on a single ladder jack bracket.
Ladder Jack Set Up
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Ladders must be used on level surfaces and secured to prevent displacement.
Ladder feet are not stable on a sloped roof.
Ladder Jack Set Up
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To Summarize
Providing effective fall protection is not optional
It’s a legal, financial, moral obligation
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Be Safe Have fun!