conclusions future actions - IAN · Natural Resources Conservation J. Mosesso, Nat’l Information...
Transcript of conclusions future actions - IAN · Natural Resources Conservation J. Mosesso, Nat’l Information...
primary objectives for ian• Fosterproblem-solvingusingintegrationofscientificdataandinformation• Supporttheapplicationofscientificunderstandingtoforecastconsequencesof
environmentalpolicyoptions• Providearichtraininggroundincomplexproblemsolvingandscience
application• Facilitateaproductiveinteractionbetweenscientistsandthebroader
community
The Integration and Application Network (IAN) is a collection of scientists interested in solving, not just studying environmental problems. The intent of IAN is to inspire, manage, and produce timely syntheses and assessments on key environmental issues, with a special emphasis on Chesapeake Bay and its watershed. IAN is an initiative of the faculty of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, but will link with other academic institutions, various resource management agencies, and non-governmental organizations.
Printed on 100% recycled paper www.ian.umces.edu
A Mid-Chesapeake Bay Marshland Restoration project is being developed by the Integration and Application Network, US Army Corps of Engineers, Maryland Port Administration, US Fish & Wildlife Service, and Maryland Department of Natural Resources. An International Tidal Wetlands Conference was held May 31–June 2, 2006 at Salisbury University, Maryland, to discuss ecological, economic, and engineering issues associated with using dredged material to restore the eroding marshes of the mid-Chesapeake Bay.
BasedontheInternationalTidalWetlandsConference Printed:February2007
TheFederalDredgedMaterialManagementPlandiscussesoptionsforplacementofdredgedmaterial.ThisdredgedmaterialcomesfromtheBaltimoreHarborchannels,channelsintheChesapeakeBayandC&DCanal,andchannelsinVirginiawaters.Theselocationswerechosenbecausealargeproportionofthesedimentisrecentandissuitableforpurposesofhabitatrestorationincludingwetland,upland,andsubmergedaquatichabitattypes.Dredgedsedimentismostlyfine-grainedparticlesderivedfromtheSusquehannaRiverBasin,withsomeadditionalinputsfromerodingshorelines.Currently,themajorityofmaterialisdredgedforchannelmaintenancereasons;however,
italsoincludessomeolderdepositsdredgedfor‘new’worksuchaschannelstraightening.Threetofourmillioncubic
yardsofmaterialaredredgedannuallyintheregion.
Optionsforplacementofthismaterialinclude:PoplarIsland,mid-BayislandsincludingJamesandBarren,andDorchesterCountyincludingtheFishingBayWildlifeManagementAreaandBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefuge.Theseoptionswerediscussedindetailattheconference,withparticularattentiontotheecological,engineering,andeconomicissuesassociatedwiththissortofproject.
conclusionsTheDorchesterCountyWetlandrestorationprojectshowsimpressivepotentialasabeneficialuseoption.TheMarylandPortAdministrationstates,“Evenwiththelimitedamountofdataavailable,DorchesterCountywetlandrestorationappearstohaveenormouspotentialforenvironmentalbenefitandecosystemrestoration,andshouldbestudiedasapotentialfuturebeneficialuseprojectoption”.
future actionsThepurposeofthiseffortistodevelopastudyplanthatwillevaluatethekeyecological,economic,andengineeringissuesassociatedwithalargescalemarshrestorationprojectinDorchesterCounty.
ThisstudyplanwillbeusedtodevelopadecisiondocumentforsubmittaltoCongress.Theplanwillalsoincludedetailedcosts,benefits,andanassessmentofenvironmentalimpacts.Thefinalresultsoftheconferencewillbewritteninasummaryreport.Inaddition,recommendationswillbeincorporatedintotheCorpsProjectManagementPlan.TheProjectManagementPlanincludesthescopeofwork,schedule,andestimatedbudget,andservestoguidetheCorpsstudyprocess.
participant listAKRF:ShawnShotzberger;Assateague Coastal Trust:JayCharland;BBL Sciences:TimothyIannuzzi,DavidLudwig,RamMohan,JosephShisler;Blasland, Bouck, and Lee, Inc.:WalterDinicola;Consorzio Venezia Nuova:GiovanniCecconi;Ducks Unlimited:JonasDavis,KurtDyroff;EA Engineering, Science, and Technology:JaneBoraczek,PeggyDerrick;EcoLogix:PaulMassicot;Environmental Concern Inc.:SuzanneP.Slear,GeneSlear;Gahagan & Bryant Associates:TimR.Donegan,WendellMears,SteveC.Shaw,RichardThomas,DanielWilson;Groningen University:WimWolff;Louisiana State University:IrvMendelssohn;Maryland Department of Natural Resources:DavidGoshorn,RolandLimpert,BruceMichael,KevenSmith;Maryland Environmental Service:TammyBanta,JenniferHarlan,JamesJett,AnnaKrainer,StephanieLindley,MeganSimon;Maryland Geological Survey:LamereHennessee,JamesHill,WilliamPanageotou;Maryland Port Administration:DavidBibo,NathanielBrown;FrancesFlanigan,MargieHamby,FrankHamons,BillLear,StephenStorms;National Aquarium in Baltimore:DavidNemerson,GlennPage;National Audubon Society:DavidCurson;NMFS:JohnNichols;NOAA:GalenScott;
NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS:StephenGill;Salisbury University:JudithStribling;The Washington Post:MichaelGrunwald;University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science:DonaldBoesch,JeffreyCornwell,BillDennison,KristineHopfensperger,DennisKing,HeatherLane,ElizabethPrice,LisaWainger;University of Maryland College Park:BrianNeedelman,SkyeWills;University of Maryland Eastern Shore:JosephLove;University of Maryland:AndrewBaldwin,MichaelKearney;University of New Orleans:DeniseReed;US Army Corps of Engineers:MaryAndrews,RobertBlama,ChristopherSpaur,BarryCortright,CharlesFrey,ScottJohnson,StevenKopecky,KarenNook,StevenPugh,ColleenTennity;US Environmental Protection Agency:DavidRider;US Fish and Wildlife Service:DixieBirch,GlennCarowan,WilliamGiese,JohnGill,LarryMcgowan,RebekahPackett;US Geological Survey:DonaldCahoon,WayneNewell,DanielSoeder,MattWright;US Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center:RichardHammerschlag,PaulaHenry;Virginia Marine Resources Commission:TonyWatkinson;WH Nuckols Consulting/Coastal America:WilliamNuckols;Weston Solutions, Inc.:KurtFrederick,BobLindner,JackWord
Poplar Island.
J. Th
omas
, UM
CES
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge.
H. L
ane,
UM
CES
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge.
J. Th
omas
, UM
CES
Barren Island.
Goo
gle
Eart
h
Poplar Island.
US
Arm
y Co
rps o
f Eng
inee
rs
James Island.
Goo
gle
Eart
h
USF
WS
Dredged material can be used to restore eroding marshes.
ReferencesHamons,F.(2006,May10).UseofDredgedMaterialsforDevelopingMarshes.Available:http://ian.umces.edu/marshlands/Thomas,R.(2006,May10).EngineeringIssues.Available:http://ian.umces.edu/marshlands/
IAN:www.ian.umces.eduDrBillDennison:[email protected]
BasedonInternationalTidalWetlandsConferenceNewsletterpreparedbyEmilyBenson,HeatherLane,&JaneThomas
FURTHER INFORMATION
SCIENCE COMMUNICATION
US
Fish
& W
ildlif
e Se
rvic
e
US
Arm
y Co
rps o
f Eng
inee
rs
Mar
ylan
d Po
rt A
dmin
istra
tion
US
Arm
y Co
rps o
f Eng
inee
rs
BlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeispartoftheChesapeakeMarshlandsNationalWildlifeRefugeComplex.One-thirdofMaryland’stidalwetlandsarelocatedwithintheBlackwaterwatershed,makingitanecologicallyimportantareawithinthestate.BlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeisalsorecognizedasawetlandofinternationalimportance.Inaddition,therefugehasbeennamedaprioritywetlandintheNorthAmericanWaterfowlManagementPlan,andhasbeendesignatedanInternationallyImportantBirdArea.
ThemarshesinBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugearedisappearingatanalarmingrate,asisdepictedinthefollowingphotos.
The disappearing marsh
Blackwater marshes are ecologically significant
proposed placement options timeline
In1938,theLittleBlackwaterRiverflowingintothelargerBlackwaterRiverisplainlyvisible.By1989,itisdifficulttodiscernthelocationoftheLittleBlackwaterRiver.Sincethe1930s,8,000acresofmarshhavebeenlostatarateof150–400acresperyear.Causesofmarshlossincludesealevelrise,subsidence(gradualsinking),erosion,saltwaterintrusion,andinvasivespecies.TheBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeComprehensiveConservationPlancallsforrestoringthemarshtothe1933conditions.Achievementofthisgoalwillrequireanaggressiveplanandconcertedeffortbyallinvolvedparties.
TherearethreeseparateoptionsdiscussedintheEnvironmentalImpactStatementassociatedwiththeDredgedMaterialManagementPlan.Thesethreeoptionsforplacementofdredgedmaterialare:
•expansionofPoplarIsland;
•largeislandrestorationinthemid-ChesapeakeBay;and
•wetlandrestoration—DorchesterCounty(Blackwater).
Ofthethreeoptionsunderconsideration,theDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)optionprovidesthelargestdegreeofenvironmentalandecologicalbenefit.
TheDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)restorationprovidesplacementopportunitiesfordredgedmaterialfor25–50years(andperhapslonger)andwouldrestorethewatershedoftheBlackwatermarshes.Potentialfuturebenefitsofthisoptionincludeecosystemandenvironmentalrestoration,placementofsubstantialamountsofdredgedmaterial,communityinvolvement,preventionofadditionalwetlandloss,andbenefitstofinfishandshellfishfisheries,wildlife,andoverallhealthoftheChesapeakeBayecosystem.
beneficial use option
TherearemanytechnicalandpracticalconcernsrelatedtotheDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)placementoption.Theseissues,includingdeliveryandplacementofdredgedmaterial,scheduleforimplementation,andeconomiccompetitiveness,mustallbetakenintoaccountbeforeadecisioncanbemadeontheefficacyofchoosingBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeandFishingBayWildlifeManagementAreaasdredgedmaterialplacementsites.
Deliveryandplacementofdredgedmaterialencompassalargevarietyofissues,includingmanagementoftheproject,sizeofequipment,methodsforplacementofthematerial,amountofmaterialtoplaceeachyear,analysisofmaterials,fillrequirements,andmodeoftransportationforthematerialfromthedredgedsitetotheplacementsite.Theimplementationschedulemusttakeintoaccountdredgingschedulesofotherprojectsaswellaswaterfowlnestingseasonsand
theneedtomatchcapacityrequirementswithrestorationgoals.EconomiccompetitivenessisamajorissueinthisprojectastherearehighcostsassociatedwiththeDorchesterCountyplacementoption,andnotallofthebenefitsarequantifiableinthefederalanalysisofabenefit/costratio.
technical issues
Dredgingcancontinueatitscurrentpaceonlyifanewplacementoptionisfound.Atthecurrentrateofplacement,Hart–MillerIslandwillbeclosedtodredgedmaterialplacementbytheendof2009.PoolesIslandwillbeclosedasoftheendof2010.PoplarIslandwillhaveareducedcapacityby2012,butcouldcontinuetobeusedinanexpansionprojectthrough2019.Thisexpansionprojectwouldallowanadditional1.5millioncubicyardsperyear(mcy/yr)tobeplacedontheisland.JamesandBarrenIslandsareanticipatedtoprovideapproximately20yearsofplacementcapacity,startingaround2016(handling3.5–7.0mcy/yr).ThenewplacementoptionofDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)wouldnotbeneededuntilabout2036,andhasthepotentialtohandleuptoapproximately100mcy.
1974 19891938
US
Fish
and
Wild
life
Serv
ice
US
Fish
and
Wild
life
Serv
ice
US
Fish
and
Wild
life
Serv
ice
Phot
ostr
ip: U
S Fi
sh a
nd W
ildlif
e Se
rvic
e
In 2003, volunteers planted marsh grasses at three sites in Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in an effort to contain sediment and prevent further marsh loss through erosion. As is apparent in this timeline of photographs, the marsh grass has grown and is thriving.
May 2003 June 2003 August 2003 August 2004
2.0 mcy/yr (Reduced Capacity) 1.7 mcy/yr
3.2 mcy/yr (Reduced Capacity)
3.5–7.0 mcy/yr
Cap: 2.7 mcy/yr Closed
1.2 mcy/yr Closed
Ada
pted
from
F. H
amon
s
Hart–MillerIsland
PoolesIsland
PoplarIsland—Existing
PoplarIsland—Expanded
James&BarrenIslands
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
This timeline displays the proposed options for the placement of dredged material. The projects shown in dark blue are still in the planning phases and are not definite.
J. Mos
esso
, Nat
’l Bio
logi
cal I
nfor
mat
ion
Infra
stru
ctur
e
More than 350 bird species visit Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge annually, including the great blue heron (middle) and the bald eagle (right).
T. M
cCab
e, U
SDA
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
es C
onse
rvat
ion
Serv
ice
J. M
oses
so, N
at’l
Biol
ogic
al In
form
atio
n In
frast
ruct
ure
LittleChoptankRiver
FishingBay
Maindishchargepipe
Alternativedishchargepipe
SecondAlternativedishchargepipe
Unloader
Preliminary concepts for long pipeline placement in Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge.
Ada
pted
from
R. Th
omas
0
0 5km
5mi
0
0 1km
1/4mi0
0 1km
1/4mi0
0 1km
1/4mi
BlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeispartoftheChesapeakeMarshlandsNationalWildlifeRefugeComplex.One-thirdofMaryland’stidalwetlandsarelocatedwithintheBlackwaterwatershed,makingitanecologicallyimportantareawithinthestate.BlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeisalsorecognizedasawetlandofinternationalimportance.Inaddition,therefugehasbeennamedaprioritywetlandintheNorthAmericanWaterfowlManagementPlan,andhasbeendesignatedanInternationallyImportantBirdArea.
ThemarshesinBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugearedisappearingatanalarmingrate,asisdepictedinthefollowingphotos.
The disappearing marsh
Blackwater marshes are ecologically significant
proposed placement options timeline
In1938,theLittleBlackwaterRiverflowingintothelargerBlackwaterRiverisplainlyvisible.By1989,itisdifficulttodiscernthelocationoftheLittleBlackwaterRiver.Sincethe1930s,8,000acresofmarshhavebeenlostatarateof150–400acresperyear.Causesofmarshlossincludesealevelrise,subsidence(gradualsinking),erosion,saltwaterintrusion,andinvasivespecies.TheBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeComprehensiveConservationPlancallsforrestoringthemarshtothe1933conditions.Achievementofthisgoalwillrequireanaggressiveplanandconcertedeffortbyallinvolvedparties.
TherearethreeseparateoptionsdiscussedintheEnvironmentalImpactStatementassociatedwiththeDredgedMaterialManagementPlan.Thesethreeoptionsforplacementofdredgedmaterialare:
•expansionofPoplarIsland;
•largeislandrestorationinthemid-ChesapeakeBay;and
•wetlandrestoration—DorchesterCounty(Blackwater).
Ofthethreeoptionsunderconsideration,theDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)optionprovidesthelargestdegreeofenvironmentalandecologicalbenefit.
TheDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)restorationprovidesplacementopportunitiesfordredgedmaterialfor25–50years(andperhapslonger)andwouldrestorethewatershedoftheBlackwatermarshes.Potentialfuturebenefitsofthisoptionincludeecosystemandenvironmentalrestoration,placementofsubstantialamountsofdredgedmaterial,communityinvolvement,preventionofadditionalwetlandloss,andbenefitstofinfishandshellfishfisheries,wildlife,andoverallhealthoftheChesapeakeBayecosystem.
beneficial use option
TherearemanytechnicalandpracticalconcernsrelatedtotheDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)placementoption.Theseissues,includingdeliveryandplacementofdredgedmaterial,scheduleforimplementation,andeconomiccompetitiveness,mustallbetakenintoaccountbeforeadecisioncanbemadeontheefficacyofchoosingBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefugeandFishingBayWildlifeManagementAreaasdredgedmaterialplacementsites.
Deliveryandplacementofdredgedmaterialencompassalargevarietyofissues,includingmanagementoftheproject,sizeofequipment,methodsforplacementofthematerial,amountofmaterialtoplaceeachyear,analysisofmaterials,fillrequirements,andmodeoftransportationforthematerialfromthedredgedsitetotheplacementsite.Theimplementationschedulemusttakeintoaccountdredgingschedulesofotherprojectsaswellaswaterfowlnestingseasonsand
theneedtomatchcapacityrequirementswithrestorationgoals.EconomiccompetitivenessisamajorissueinthisprojectastherearehighcostsassociatedwiththeDorchesterCountyplacementoption,andnotallofthebenefitsarequantifiableinthefederalanalysisofabenefit/costratio.
technical issues
Dredgingcancontinueatitscurrentpaceonlyifanewplacementoptionisfound.Atthecurrentrateofplacement,Hart–MillerIslandwillbeclosedtodredgedmaterialplacementbytheendof2009.PoolesIslandwillbeclosedasoftheendof2010.PoplarIslandwillhaveareducedcapacityby2012,butcouldcontinuetobeusedinanexpansionprojectthrough2019.Thisexpansionprojectwouldallowanadditional1.5millioncubicyardsperyear(mcy/yr)tobeplacedontheisland.JamesandBarrenIslandsareanticipatedtoprovideapproximately20yearsofplacementcapacity,startingaround2016(handling3.5–7.0mcy/yr).ThenewplacementoptionofDorchesterCounty(Blackwater)wouldnotbeneededuntilabout2036,andhasthepotentialtohandleuptoapproximately100mcy.
1974 19891938
US
Fish
and
Wild
life
Serv
ice
US
Fish
and
Wild
life
Serv
ice
US
Fish
and
Wild
life
Serv
ice
Phot
ostr
ip: U
S Fi
sh a
nd W
ildlif
e Se
rvic
e
In 2003, volunteers planted marsh grasses at three sites in Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in an effort to contain sediment and prevent further marsh loss through erosion. As is apparent in this timeline of photographs, the marsh grass has grown and is thriving.
May 2003 June 2003 August 2003 August 2004
2.0 mcy/yr (Reduced Capacity) 1.7 mcy/yr
3.2 mcy/yr (Reduced Capacity)
3.5–7.0 mcy/yr
Cap: 2.7 mcy/yr Closed
1.2 mcy/yr Closed
Ada
pted
from
F. H
amon
s
Hart–MillerIsland
PoolesIsland
PoplarIsland—Existing
PoplarIsland—Expanded
James&BarrenIslands
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
This timeline displays the proposed options for the placement of dredged material. The projects shown in dark blue are still in the planning phases and are not definite.
J. Mos
esso
, Nat
’l Bio
logi
cal I
nfor
mat
ion
Infra
stru
ctur
e
More than 350 bird species visit Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge annually, including the great blue heron (middle) and the bald eagle (right).
T. M
cCab
e, U
SDA
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
es C
onse
rvat
ion
Serv
ice
J. M
oses
so, N
at’l
Biol
ogic
al In
form
atio
n In
frast
ruct
ure
LittleChoptankRiver
FishingBay
Maindishchargepipe
Alternativedishchargepipe
SecondAlternativedishchargepipe
Unloader
Preliminary concepts for long pipeline placement in Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge.
Ada
pted
from
R. Th
omas
0
0 5km
5mi
0
0 1km
1/4mi0
0 1km
1/4mi0
0 1km
1/4mi
primary objectives for ian• Fosterproblem-solvingusingintegrationofscientificdataandinformation• Supporttheapplicationofscientificunderstandingtoforecastconsequencesof
environmentalpolicyoptions• Providearichtraininggroundincomplexproblemsolvingandscience
application• Facilitateaproductiveinteractionbetweenscientistsandthebroader
community
The Integration and Application Network (IAN) is a collection of scientists interested in solving, not just studying environmental problems. The intent of IAN is to inspire, manage, and produce timely syntheses and assessments on key environmental issues, with a special emphasis on Chesapeake Bay and its watershed. IAN is an initiative of the faculty of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, but will link with other academic institutions, various resource management agencies, and non-governmental organizations.
Printed on 100% recycled paper www.ian.umces.edu
A Mid-Chesapeake Bay Marshland Restoration project is being developed by the Integration and Application Network, US Army Corps of Engineers, Maryland Port Administration, US Fish & Wildlife Service, and Maryland Department of Natural Resources. An International Tidal Wetlands Conference was held May 31–June 2, 2006 at Salisbury University, Maryland, to discuss ecological, economic, and engineering issues associated with using dredged material to restore the eroding marshes of the mid-Chesapeake Bay.
BasedontheInternationalTidalWetlandsConference Printed:February2007
TheFederalDredgedMaterialManagementPlandiscussesoptionsforplacementofdredgedmaterial.ThisdredgedmaterialcomesfromtheBaltimoreHarborchannels,channelsintheChesapeakeBayandC&DCanal,andchannelsinVirginiawaters.Theselocationswerechosenbecausealargeproportionofthesedimentisrecentandissuitableforpurposesofhabitatrestorationincludingwetland,upland,andsubmergedaquatichabitattypes.Dredgedsedimentismostlyfine-grainedparticlesderivedfromtheSusquehannaRiverBasin,withsomeadditionalinputsfromerodingshorelines.Currently,themajorityofmaterialisdredgedforchannelmaintenancereasons;however,
italsoincludessomeolderdepositsdredgedfor‘new’worksuchaschannelstraightening.Threetofourmillioncubic
yardsofmaterialaredredgedannuallyintheregion.
Optionsforplacementofthismaterialinclude:PoplarIsland,mid-BayislandsincludingJamesandBarren,andDorchesterCountyincludingtheFishingBayWildlifeManagementAreaandBlackwaterNationalWildlifeRefuge.Theseoptionswerediscussedindetailattheconference,withparticularattentiontotheecological,engineering,andeconomicissuesassociatedwiththissortofproject.
conclusionsTheDorchesterCountyWetlandrestorationprojectshowsimpressivepotentialasabeneficialuseoption.TheMarylandPortAdministrationstates,“Evenwiththelimitedamountofdataavailable,DorchesterCountywetlandrestorationappearstohaveenormouspotentialforenvironmentalbenefitandecosystemrestoration,andshouldbestudiedasapotentialfuturebeneficialuseprojectoption”.
future actionsThepurposeofthiseffortistodevelopastudyplanthatwillevaluatethekeyecological,economic,andengineeringissuesassociatedwithalargescalemarshrestorationprojectinDorchesterCounty.
ThisstudyplanwillbeusedtodevelopadecisiondocumentforsubmittaltoCongress.Theplanwillalsoincludedetailedcosts,benefits,andanassessmentofenvironmentalimpacts.Thefinalresultsoftheconferencewillbewritteninasummaryreport.Inaddition,recommendationswillbeincorporatedintotheCorpsProjectManagementPlan.TheProjectManagementPlanincludesthescopeofwork,schedule,andestimatedbudget,andservestoguidetheCorpsstudyprocess.
participant listAKRF:ShawnShotzberger;Assateague Coastal Trust:JayCharland;BBL Sciences:TimothyIannuzzi,DavidLudwig,RamMohan,JosephShisler;Blasland, Bouck, and Lee, Inc.:WalterDinicola;Consorzio Venezia Nuova:GiovanniCecconi;Ducks Unlimited:JonasDavis,KurtDyroff;EA Engineering, Science, and Technology:JaneBoraczek,PeggyDerrick;EcoLogix:PaulMassicot;Environmental Concern Inc.:SuzanneP.Slear,GeneSlear;Gahagan & Bryant Associates:TimR.Donegan,WendellMears,SteveC.Shaw,RichardThomas,DanielWilson;Groningen University:WimWolff;Louisiana State University:IrvMendelssohn;Maryland Department of Natural Resources:DavidGoshorn,RolandLimpert,BruceMichael,KevenSmith;Maryland Environmental Service:TammyBanta,JenniferHarlan,JamesJett,AnnaKrainer,StephanieLindley,MeganSimon;Maryland Geological Survey:LamereHennessee,JamesHill,WilliamPanageotou;Maryland Port Administration:DavidBibo,NathanielBrown;FrancesFlanigan,MargieHamby,FrankHamons,BillLear,StephenStorms;National Aquarium in Baltimore:DavidNemerson,GlennPage;National Audubon Society:DavidCurson;NMFS:JohnNichols;NOAA:GalenScott;
NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS:StephenGill;Salisbury University:JudithStribling;The Washington Post:MichaelGrunwald;University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science:DonaldBoesch,JeffreyCornwell,BillDennison,KristineHopfensperger,DennisKing,HeatherLane,ElizabethPrice,LisaWainger;University of Maryland College Park:BrianNeedelman,SkyeWills;University of Maryland Eastern Shore:JosephLove;University of Maryland:AndrewBaldwin,MichaelKearney;University of New Orleans:DeniseReed;US Army Corps of Engineers:MaryAndrews,RobertBlama,ChristopherSpaur,BarryCortright,CharlesFrey,ScottJohnson,StevenKopecky,KarenNook,StevenPugh,ColleenTennity;US Environmental Protection Agency:DavidRider;US Fish and Wildlife Service:DixieBirch,GlennCarowan,WilliamGiese,JohnGill,LarryMcgowan,RebekahPackett;US Geological Survey:DonaldCahoon,WayneNewell,DanielSoeder,MattWright;US Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center:RichardHammerschlag,PaulaHenry;Virginia Marine Resources Commission:TonyWatkinson;WH Nuckols Consulting/Coastal America:WilliamNuckols;Weston Solutions, Inc.:KurtFrederick,BobLindner,JackWord
Poplar Island.
J. Th
omas
, UM
CES
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge.
H. L
ane,
UM
CES
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge.
J. Th
omas
, UM
CES
Barren Island.
Goo
gle
Eart
h
Poplar Island.
US
Arm
y Co
rps o
f Eng
inee
rs
James Island.
Goo
gle
Eart
h
USF
WS
Dredged material can be used to restore eroding marshes.
ReferencesHamons,F.(2006,May10).UseofDredgedMaterialsforDevelopingMarshes.Available:http://ian.umces.edu/marshlands/Thomas,R.(2006,May10).EngineeringIssues.Available:http://ian.umces.edu/marshlands/
IAN:www.ian.umces.eduDrBillDennison:[email protected]
BasedonInternationalTidalWetlandsConferenceNewsletterpreparedbyEmilyBenson,HeatherLane,&JaneThomas
FURTHER INFORMATION
SCIENCE COMMUNICATION
US
Fish
& W
ildlif
e Se
rvic
e
US
Arm
y Co
rps o
f Eng
inee
rs
Mar
ylan
d Po
rt A
dmin
istra
tion
US
Arm
y Co
rps o
f Eng
inee
rs