Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition Chapter 6: The Internet and the World Wide Web Copyright...

Computers Are Your FutureTwelfth Edition

Chapter 6: The Internet and the World Wide Web

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1

What Is the Internet and How Does It Work?

• Interneto Global system of computers of thousands of

privately and publicly owned computer networkso Started in the 1960so U.S. Department of Defense project

• ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)

• Purpose: o Secure communication for military and scientific

purposeso Transfer data between computers


What Is the Internet and How Does It Work?

• Routerso Specialized devices that connect networks


Accessing the Internet: Going Online

• Internet service providers (ISPs)o Supply user connections to the Interneto Protect networks from outside threats

• Online service provider (OSP)o A for-profit firm that provides a proprietary

network• Examples: MSN and AOL



• Hot spoto Public location that provides Internet access for

wireless deviceso Examples: airport, college campus, or coffee

shop



• Internet Access – Slowest to Fastesto Dial-up access—uses modem and telephone

lineo Digital subscriber line (DSL)—high-speed

online connection—external modem with telephone lines

o Cable access—high-speed Internet connection—cable modem not a phone line

o Satellite—high-speed Internet service with antenna and dish

o Fiber-optic service—high-speed Internet—fiber-optic lines


The Internet and the Web: What’s the

Difference?• Web-Internet

information resource

• Internet - transports information to and from usersoComputer

Network



Difference?• Web browser

o Program that displays Web pages and linked items

• Web siteo Collection of Web pages

• Contains home page (also called index page)—default page displayed when you enter a site

• Web 2.0o Current generation of the Webo Provides opportunities to collaborate, interface, and

create new content using blogs, Wikis, and podcasts



Difference?• Hypertext

o Uses links to connect to additional related information

• Hyperlinks or linkso Words and images that bring other documents

into view when clicked

• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)o Format used for Web Pages



Difference?• The most popular Web

browsers


- Originally for Apple


Difference?• Plug-ins

o Pop-up displays what plug-in is neededo Examples:

• Acrobat Reader• Adobe Flash Player• Adobe Shockwave Player• Apple QuickTime• Real Player• Windows Media Player


Finding Informationon the Web

• Internet Protocol (IP) addresso Every device connected to the Internet, including

PCs and servers, is given a unique network identifier

• Uniform Resource Locator (URL)o Identifies Internet resource’s type and location



• URL is made up of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), domain name, path, and resource name.



• Downloadingo Process of transferring a file or document from

one computer to user’s computer

• Uploadingo Process of transferring a file or document from

user’s computer to another computer

• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)o Method to transfer files over the Interneto Use when files are too large to attach to e-mails


Finding Information on the Web

• Search engines toolso Index databases of Web pages to enable fast

information searches• Google – most popular• Yahoo• Ask


Finding Information on the Web

• Phrase searchingo Place quotation marks around a phrase to

retrieve only sites that contain the exact phrase

• Inclusion operatorso Find Web pages with criteria after plus sign (+)

• Exclusion operatorso Exclude Web pages with criteria after minus (-)


Exploring InternetServices

• Spamo Unsolicited e-mails, usually from

advertiserso Do not open spam

• Malwareo Malicious software destroys a computer

system• Spyware

o Gathers data from a system without knowledge


Exploring InternetServices

• VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)o Users can speak to others over a broadband

Internet connection instead of an analog phone line

o A VoIP service provider such as Skypeo Calls are usually free to others using the same

service.


E-Commerce• E-commerce

o Conducting business through the use of networks or the Internet

• Business-to-business (B2B)o Refers to a business providing supplies to other

businesses via the Internet

• Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)o Exchange of business between individuals

• Example: eBay

• Business-to-consumer (B2C)o Consumers shopping online rather than at a

physical store for services and products


Safe Surfing• Guidelines for safe surfing

o Never give out identifying information.o Never respond to suggestive messages.o Never open e-mail from an unknown source.o Remember individuals online may not be

who they claim to be.


Safe Surfing• Additional online hazards to

avoid:o Malwareo Identity thefto Threats to you and your familyo Unscrupulous vendors


Safe Surfing• Protecting your identity

o Avoid shoulder-surfers, people who stand close enough to see PIN numbers

o Look for secure Web site features before entering information.

• https:// in the address instead of http://• Site seal provided by a security vendor such as

VeriSign• Locked padlock symbol on the Web site—be sure it

is not a fake image• Message box that identifies you are entering or

leaving a secure siteo Use PayPal for online payments


Safe Surfing• Protecting children in

cyberspaceo Cyberbullying

• When a child is targeted for abuse through digital tools

o Cyberstalkers• Use e-mail, instant messaging, chat rooms,

pagers, cell phones, and other forms of information technology to make repeated, credible threats of violence against an individual or family


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sr7acYCDRRo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQjVCTENr3Q&feature=related

Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition Chapter 6: The Internet and the World Wide Web Copyright...

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