Compost Technologies
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Transcript of Compost Technologies
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General Group ofGeneral Group of
Composting MethodsComposting Methods
I. Windrow: turning equipmentI. Windrow: turning equipment
II. Passive aerated windrowsII. Passive aerated windrows
III. Aerated static pileIII. Aerated static pile
IV. InIV. In--vessel compostingvessel compostingCopyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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I. Windrow CompostingI. Windrow Composting
Consists of ofConsists of ofplacing the mixtureplacing the mixture
of raw materials in aof raw materials in a
long narrow piles orlong narrow piles orwindrows which arewindrows which are
agitated or turnedagitated or turned
on a regular basis.on a regular basis.
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Passive air movement in aPassive air movement in a
composting windrow or pilecomposting windrow or pile
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Why Turning the WindrowWhy Turning the Windrow
Rebuilds the porosityRebuilds the porosity Releases trapped heat, water, andReleases trapped heat, water, and
gasses.gasses.
Exchanges the material at theExchanges the material at the
windrowwindrows surface with material froms surface with material from
the interior (more weeds seeds,the interior (more weeds seeds,pathogens, and fly larvae are destroypathogens, and fly larvae are destroy
by high interior temperature)by high interior temperature)Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Turning EquipmentTurning Equipment
Front end loaderFront end loader
TractorTractor--assisted turnersassisted turners (pushed or pulled).(pushed or pulled).Tractor at least 80 horsepower to the PTO and travel at 1 mileTractor at least 80 horsepower to the PTO and travel at 1 mileper hour).per hour).
Totally selfTotally self--drivendriven
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Tractor assisted windrow Turner
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Self -driven
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II. PassiveII. Passive aeratedaerated
windrowswindrows
Eliminates the need for turning byEliminates the need for turning bysupplying air to the compostingsupplying air to the composting
materials through perforated pipesmaterials through perforated pipes
embedded in each windrow (hot gasesembedded in each windrow (hot gasesrise upward out of the windrow).rise upward out of the windrow).
No turning or agitation of the materialsNo turning or agitation of the materialsoccurs once the pile is formed.occurs once the pile is formed.
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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III. Aerated static pileIII. Aerated static pile
Takes the piped aeration system a stepTakes the piped aeration system a stepfurther, using a blower to supply air tofurther, using a blower to supply air to
the composting materials.the composting materials.
No turning or agitation of the materialsNo turning or agitation of the materials
occurs once the pile is formed.occurs once the pile is formed.
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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IV. InIV. In--Vessel CompostingVessel Composting
Confine the composting materials withinConfine the composting materials withina building, container, or vessel.a building, container, or vessel.
Rely on a variety of forced aeration andRely on a variety of forced aeration and
mechanical turning techniques to speedmechanical turning techniques to speed
up the process.up the process.
Bin composting, rectangular agitatedBin composting, rectangular agitatedbeds, silos, rotating drumsbeds, silos, rotating drums
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Commercial Composting
Compost Facilities in
FloridaCopyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Palm Beach Solid Waste Authority
Overview of the yard-trimming-biosolids
composting facility in Palm Beach, FL.
Enclosure of composting process
prevents objectionable odors.
In-vessel composting methods rely on a
variety of forced aeration and mechanical
turning techniques to speed up the
composting process (21 days).
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
l h S lid h i
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Palm Beach Solid Waste Authority
The screened material is windowed for at least 2-8 weeks before going to market.Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Composting Facilities in Florida:
Walt Disney
Food waste and wood chips composting. In-vessel
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Composting Facilities in Florida:
Walt Disney
Food waste and wood chips composting. In-vessel
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
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Composting Facilities in Florida:
Sumter County Solid Waste Facility
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) or house hold garbageCopyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
C i ili i i l id
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Composting Facilities in Florida:
Sumter County Solid Waste Facility
Municipal Solid Waste and Biosolids, Windrow compostingCopyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
C ti F iliti i Fl id
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Composting Facilities in Florida:
Walt Disney
Biosolids, food waste, animal manure, yard waste and
wood chips . Static pilesCopyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved
Y d W t F iliti i Fl id
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Yard Waste Facilities in Florida:
Immokalee
Yard Trimming waste . Windrow composting
Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved