Complex Antenna System Design

8/13/2019 Complex Antenna System Design

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Complex AntennaSystem DesignPresenter:

Ansoft Corporation


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Objective

Design low-cost phased array system on

aircraft platform leveraging suite of Ansofttools


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3D EM/Circuit/System Approach

HFSS Dynamic Link

PlanarEM Co-simulation

L i n e a r / N o n l i n e a r S u b -

S y s t e m

L i n

e ar / N

onl i n

e ar

S u

b -

C i r c

ui t

HFSS/Designer Co-simulation

Data Link


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Benefits of Integrated SolutionEfficiency via HFSS-HFSS Datalink

Source

Target

Result

Modified Target

Result

Finite Array w/FSS

Datalink enables solution of very large antenna problems while minimizingcompute time and RAM useage


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HFSS-HFSS Datalink on Aircraft

Source

Target

Target

Vivaldi ArrayHigh-passFSS Radome

HFSS-HFSS data link permits efficient solution of very large problems onaircraft platform including antenna placement, radome interaction


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Benefits of Integrated Solution Added Capability via Designer-HFSS Co-design, pushed excitations

Perform synthesis and optimization in Designer using parameterized modelsgenerated in HFSS solve using DSO option to maximize throughput

Push excitations to HFSS model to determine nonlinear effects of activecomponents on transmit radiation pattern


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System DesignMulti-frequency, Full-duplex, Phased Array Antenna System

Four-element Vivaldi Array with low-noise amplifier, power amplifier, dualmultiplexers enables simultaneous transmit and receive over broad bandwidth.

Goal: Two transmit frequencies and two receive frequencies operatingsimultaneously using the same antenna array.

Benefits: Low-cost, scalable to large arrays with module approach


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Module Detail

ViValdi Radiator Microstrip

Multiplexer

Microstrip

Multiplexer

PhaseShifter

Tx

RxLNA

PA

-- Broadband Performance-- Good cross pol. isolation -- Low Loss

-- Good Isolation-- Enables full-duplex operation

The transceiver was designed to transmit at 10 or 19 GHz and receive at12 or 21 GHz following the approach of Yun, Wang et.al. [1]


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Analysis Approach

ViValdi Radiator MicrostripMultiplexer

MicrostripMultiplexer

Phase

Shifter

Tx

RxLNA

PA


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Vivaldi Analysis

Analyzed in HFSS using User Defined

Part (UDP) Single element design optimization

4x1 Element Array


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Single Element


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Return Loss vs Frequency

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00Freq [GHz]

-40.00

-35.00

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

d B ( S t ( t 1

, t 1 ) )

Ansoft Corporation SingleElement_PMLReturnLoss

Curve InfodB(St(t1,t1))

Setup1 : Sweep1


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-4.00

-0.50

3.00

6.50

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_10GHz

Far Field Patterns 10 GHz

Original_PML

Curve Info

dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2Phi='0deg'


0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-8.00

-6.00

-4.00

-2.00

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )

Ansoft Corporation SingleElement_PML2D_10GHz

Curve Info

dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'



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-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Original_PMLRad_12GHz

Curve Info




Original_PML

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )


Curve InfodB(GainTotal)

Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'



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-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_19GHz


Original_PML

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B

( G a

i n T o

t a l )






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-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_21GHz

Original_PML

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00

Theta [deg]

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )






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4x1 Array at 21 GHz

All Figures are with eachelement excited with 1 Voltat 0 Phase.


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-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_10GHz

Original_4x1_Array

Curve Info


dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2

Phi='90deg' 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )

Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_10Ghz





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-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_12GHz

Original_4x1_Array

Curve Info


dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2

Phi='90deg'0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00

Theta [deg]

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )

Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_12GHz





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-28.00

-16.00

-4.00

8.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_19GHz

Original_4x1_Array

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )






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-36.00

-22.00

-8.00

6.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_21GHz

Original_4x1_Array

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-40.00

-30.00

-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

20.00

d B ( G

a i n T o

t a l )


Curve Info

dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='0deg'



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Beam Steering4x1 Array


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60 Degree Phase Increments 21GHz

21 GHz

21 GHz


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10 GHz


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Far Field,10GHz, 4X1 60 degree

-17.00

-9.00

-1.00

7.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

_

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )


Curve Info




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-28.00

-16.00

-4.00

8.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_12GHz

4x1_Array

Curve Info


dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg' 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00

Theta [deg]

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )



Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'dB(GainTotal)



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-28.00

-16.00

-4.00

8.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_19GHz

4x1_Array

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )



Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'dB(GainTotal)



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Far Field, 21GHz, 4X1 60 degree

-28.00

-16.00

-4.00

8.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_21GHz

4x1_Array

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-40.00

-30.00

-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

20.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )



Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='0deg'


h


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21 GHz

120 D Ph I 10GH


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10 GHz

F Fi ld 10GH 4X1 120 d


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-18.00

-11.00

-4.00

3.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_10GHz

4x1_Array

Curve Info


dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg' 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00

Theta [deg]

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )






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F Fi ld 19GH 4X1 120 d


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-28.00

-16.00

-4.00

8.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_19GHz

4x1_Array

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-40.00

-30.00

-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

20.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )





F Fi ld 21GH 4X1 120 d g


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Far Field, 21GHz, 4X1 120 degree

-28.00

-16.00

-4.00

8.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120

Rad_21GHz

4x1_Array

Curve Info



0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

d B ( G a

i n T o

t a l )



Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='0deg'



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Transceiver System Analysis

Transceiver System


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Transceiver System

Analysis Approach


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Analysis Approach

HFSS Dynamic Link


L i n e a r / N o n l i n e a r S u b - S y s t e m

L i n

e ar / N

onl i n

e ar

S u b - C i r c

ui

t

HFSS/Designer Co-simulation


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Multiplexer Design

BPF

BPF

BPF

BPF

10 GHz

21 GHz

12 GHz

19 GHz

Common Antenna Port

From Power Amp To LNA Arrows trace the signal path


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Microstrip Multiplexer

Transmit Channels: 10Ghz, 19GHzReceive Channels: 12Ghz, 21GHz


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Combining the filtersOptimizing theReceive Channels: 12Ghz, 21GHz


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Optimizing the two branches


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How does it all come together

10 GHz12 GHz

19 GHz

Surface current animation at various frequency bands

l


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Low-Frequency Results

Multiplexer Low Frequency simulation: 8GHz to 14GHz

i h l


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High-Frequency Results

Multiplexer High Frequency Simulation: 18GHz to 22GHz

TR M d l


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TR ModuleNow add the active components to the Designer analysis

A i C D il


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Active Component Details

TGA8310 TGA8334 TGA1342

Broadband LNABroadband LNA Broadband Power Amplifier

TriQuint Semiconductor, Richardson,Texas

Transmit: Power Amp Section: TGA8310, 2xTGA8334Receive: Low Noise Amp Section: 2xTGA1342, TGA8310

TR Module Transmit Results


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TR Module Transmit Results

TR ModulePort1 Port2

10GHz Transmit Channel: Gain=20.61dB; S11=-17dB

PA/LNA/Multiplexer at Low Frequency

TR Module Receive Results


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TR Module Receive Results

TR ModulePort1 Port2

12GHz Receive Channel: Gain=24.16dB; S11=-14.3dB

PA/LNA/Multiplexer at Low Frequency

Gain/Power Compression


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Gain/Power Compression

Compression vs Swept Frequency


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Low Freq Transmit Band

TR Module Summary


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yReceive Section (LNAs) @ 12GHzTransmit Section (PAs) @ 10GHz

Transmit Section (PAs) @ 19GHz Receive Section (LNAs) @ 21GHz

TR Module Summary


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y

TR Module NF BudgetLNA SectionFreq: 21GHz Channel

Overall TR NF: 8.3dB

TR Module P1dB BudgetPwr Amp SectionFreq: 19GHz ChannelOverall TR P1dB: 24.95dBm


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HFSS-Designer DynamicLink w/Pushed Excitations

Examine non-linear activecomponents impact on beam

scanning

Pushed Excitations


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Objective: Determine impact of variations associated with theT/R modules active components on far-field antenna pattern

Approach: Model effect in Designer and push these excitationsas inputs to HFSS posts using Dynamic Link, examine results

Phase Imbalance Example


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Consider Case of Phase Imbalance Associated with Power Amplifier Compression in Transmit Channel at 10GHz

Compression at -28dBm input pow er

Phase Imbalance Example


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Consider case of phase imbalance associated withpower amplifier compression in Transmit channel

Baseline -- no compression

Study Case Compression modeledin Designer and pushed to HFSS

Quantify effectthrough comparisonsof far fields

Build compensationtables to achieve

desired results


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Analysis Approach Summary


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Linear/non-linear subcircuit analysis

Linear/non-linear subsystem analysis PlanarEM co-simulation HFSS Dynamic Link Pushed Excitations Designer-HFSS

First-PassSystemSuccess


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Integration on Aircraft

Build Aircraft Model in HFSS


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HFSS-HFSS Data Link


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HFSS HFSS Data Link HFSS Data Link allows the Near-Field or Far-

Field data from one HFSS design as thesource excitation in another HFSS design

The source design is solved separately fromthe target design and placed as the sourceexcitation in the target design

The iterative solver along with higher orderbasis functions allows for larger geometriessuch as an aircraft to be simulated

Source Design

Target Design

Position o f Source Design

Integrate Vivaldi Array in Wing


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g V y W g


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Summary

ApproachHFSS/Designer


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HFSS Dynamic Link


L i n e a r / N o n l i n e a r S u b -

S y s t e m

L i n

e ar / N

onl i n

e ar

S u b -

C i r c

ui t

Co-simulation

Data Link

Conclusion


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Phased Array Antenna System Four Element Vivaldi Phased Array Analyzed in HFSS Complete System Analysis Performed in Designer Dynamic Link of Designer with HFSS Demonstrated

Integration on Aircraft

Demonstrated HFSS Data Link of Antenna System toHost Platform Utilized Symmetry Planes to Maximize Efficiency

Key to Success: Effective Linkage of Multiple Ansoft Tools

References


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[1] T.-Y. Yun, C. Wang, P. Zepeda, C.T. Rodenbeck, M.R. Coutant,

M. Li, and K. Chang, A 10-21 GHz, low-cost, multi-frequency, and full-duplexphased array antenna system, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.,vol. 50, pp. 641 650, May 2002.

Complex Antenna System Design

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