Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
34
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories Eri Saikawa Emory University, Department of Environmental Sciences April 15, 2015 Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Transcript of Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Eri Saikawa
Emory University, Department of Environmental Sciences
April 15, 2015
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Conclusion
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Increasing Emissions in Asia
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Na#
onal Total (T
g/year)
Year
PM2.5 Emissions in Asia
China
India
Japan
Source Kurokawa et al., 2013
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Countries with Lowest Air Quality Score
13.83
16.23
18.81
23.02
23.24
Bangladesh
Nepal
China
Pakistan
India
Source Yale University, 2014 Environmental Performance Index
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Importance of Emissions Inventories
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Difference in Global Emissions Inventories
Source Granier et al., 2011
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Impacts on Modeling
Source Ma and van Aardene, 2004
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Research Questions
How much differences are there among emissions inventoriesin Asia?
Which sector/species do we see the largest difference andwhy?
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Emissions Inventories
Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research(EDGAR) v4.2 - Global
Regional Emissions in ASia (REAS) v2 - Asia
Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC) - China
Zhao Yu’s - China
Ajay Nagpure’s - India
Pandey et al. (2014) and Sadaverte and Venkataraman(2014) - India
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Analysis
Years: 2000 - 2008 (2011 for India)
Pollutants: CO, SO2, NOx , PM10, CO2
Sectors: industry, transport, power, and residential
Countries: China, India, Pakistan, and Nepal
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
China Total Emissions
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
0
50
100
150
200
250
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
CO2 em
ission
s (Tg/year)
Air P
ollutant Emission
s (Tg/year)
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REASBlue: CO, Red: SO2, Yellow: NOx , Green: PM10, Brown: CO2
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
China South Central Region
South Central
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
China CO Emissions in South Central Region
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
CO Emissions (G
g/year)
South Central
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REASRed: industrial, Purple: transport, Green: power, Blue: residential
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
China East Region
East
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
China CO Emissions in East Region
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
CO Emissions (G
g/year)
East
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REAS, Square: Zhao Yu, Triangle: MEICRed: industry, Purple: transport, Green: power, Blue: residential
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
China CO Road Emissions in East Region
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
REAS
On-‐road emissions (G
g/year)
Road emissions (G
g/year)
East
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REAS, Circle: Zhao YuRed: On-road, Blue: Off-road
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
India Total Emissions
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
CO2 E
mission
s (Tg/year)
Air P
ollutant Emission
s (Tg/year)
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REAS, Diamond: Pandey et al.Blue: CO, Red: SO2, Yellow: NOx , Green: PM10, Brown: CO2
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
India Regions
Region 1
Region 2 Region 3
Region 4
Region 5
Region 6
Region 7 Region 8
Region 9
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
India Regional PM10 Emissions
Region1 Region2 Region3 Region4 Region5 Region6 Region7 Region8 Region9 0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
PM10 emission
s (Gg/yr)
Region 1
Region 2 Region 3
Region 4 Region 5
Region 6
Region 7 Region 8
Region 9
Left: EDGAR, Right: REASRed: industry, Purple: transport, Green: power, Blue: residential
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Pakistan Total Emissions
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
CO2 e
mission
s (Tg/year)
Air P
ollutant Emission
s (Tg/year)
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REASBlue: CO, Red: SO2, Yellow: NOx , Green: PM10, Brown: CO2
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Pakistan Regions
Baluchistan
Sind
Punjab
F.A.T.A.
N.W.F.P.
Azad Kashmir
F.C.T.
Northern Areas
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Pakistan Regional SO2 Emissions
AzadKashmir Baluchistan F.A.T.A. F.C.T. N.W.F.P. NorthernAreas Punjab Sind 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
SO2 e
mission
s (Gg/Yr)
Baluchistan
Sind
Punjab
F.A.T.A.
N.W.F.P.
Azad Kashmir
F.C.T.
Northern Areas
Left: EDGAR, Right: REASRed: industry, Purple: transport, Green: power, Blue: residential
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Nepal Total Emissions
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
CO2 em
ission
s (Tg/year)
Air P
ollutant Emission
s (Tg/year)
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REASBlue: CO, Red: SO2, Yellow: NOx , Green: PM10, Brown: CO2
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Nepal Sectoral NOx Emissions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Gg/year
Year
Solid: EDGAR, Dash: REAS, Circle: MALERed: industry, Purple: transport, Green: power, Blue: residential
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Nepal Regions
Far-Western Mid-Western
West
Central East
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Nepal Regional NOx Emissions
Central East Far-‐Western Mid-‐Western West 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
NOx em
ission
s (Gg/Yr)
Far-Western Mid-Western
West
Central East
Left: EDGAR, Right: REASRed: industry, Purple: transport, Green: power, Blue: residential
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Spatial Distribution: REAS - EDGAR PM10 and CO
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Impacts on Modeling: REAS - EDGAR O3
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Impacts on Modeling: REAS - EDGAR PM10
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Conclusion
Large discrepancies exist among inventories both in magnitudeand spatial distributions.
Sectors reponsible for the discrepancy varies based on speciesand location.
Model results are influenced significantly by the difference inemissions used as inputs.
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Conclusion
Large discrepancies exist among inventories both in magnitudeand spatial distributions.
Sectors reponsible for the discrepancy varies based on speciesand location.
Model results are influenced significantly by the difference inemissions used as inputs.
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Conclusion
Large discrepancies exist among inventories both in magnitudeand spatial distributions.
Sectors reponsible for the discrepancy varies based on speciesand location.
Model results are influenced significantly by the difference inemissions used as inputs.
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Acknowledgments
My Group Members at Emory
Hankyul Kim, Rita Korobkov, Marcus Trail
Cindy Young, Qianru Wu, Min Zhong
Collaborators
Jun-ichi Kurokawa, Toshimasa Ohara
Greet Maenhout, Ajay Nagpure
Qiang Zhang, Yu Zhao
Funding
Energy Foundation, NSF, Emory University
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
Conclusion
Large discrepancies exist among inventories both in magnitudeand spatial distributions.
Sectors reponsible for the discrepancy varies based on speciesand location.
Model results are influenced significantly by the difference inemissions used as inputs.
Questions?
Eri Saikawa Emory Environmental Sciences
Comparison of Asian Emissions Inventories
