Common insect orders
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Transcript of Common insect orders
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Common insect orders
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Insects are the most species-rich group of organisms on earth as indicated in this species-scape. The size of the organism reflects the number of described species.
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Parts of an insect
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Parts of an insect
Head Thorax Abdomen
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Parts of an insect
Head Thorax Abdomen
3 pairs of legs
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Parts of an insect
Head Thorax Abdomen
3 pairs of legsWings and legs on thorax
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Important areas to study to identify common insect orders
Head Thorax Abdomen
3 pairs of legs
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Mouthparts:Chewing
mandibles
mandibles
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Mouthparts:
Piercing
Sucking
Sponging-sucking
Coiled
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Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies)
Greek “odon” = tooth (referring to teeth on their mandibles)
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Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies)
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Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies)
Spot ID• Long slender wings
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Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies)
Spot ID• Long slender wings• Long thin body
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Blattodea (roaches)Latin “blatta” = cockroach
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Blattodea (roaches)
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Blattodea (roaches)
Spot ID• Flat
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Blattodea (roaches)
Spot ID• Flat• Spiny legs
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Blattodea (roaches)
Spot ID• Flat• Spiny legs• Long antennae
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Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets)
Greek “orthos” = straight, “pteros” = wing
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Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets)
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Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets)
Spot ID• Jumping hind legs
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Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets)
Spot ID• Jumping hind legs• Some with ovipositor at hind
end
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Dermaptera (earwigs)
Greek “derma” = skin, “ptero” = wing
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Dermaptera (earwigs)
Greek “derma” = skin, “ptero” = wing
Spot ID• Long skin-like hindwings folded
under very short forewings
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Dermaptera (earwigs)
Greek “derma” = skin, “ptero” = wing
Spot ID• Long skin-like hindwings folded
under very short forewings• Pinchers off end of abdomen
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Hemiptera (bugs, hoppers, aphids, scales, cicadas)
Greek “hemisys” = half, “ptero” = wing
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Hemiptera (bugs, hoppers, aphids, scales, cicadas)
Greek “hemisys” = half, “ptero” = wingSpot ID
• A beak: piercing-sucking mouthparts
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Hemiptera (bugs, hoppers, aphids, scales, cicadas)
Greek “hemisys” = half, “ptero” = wingSpot ID
• A beak: piercing-sucking mouthparts
• Forewings covering hindwings– Wing half membrane, half thickened
or
– Wing all membranous
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Coleoptera (beetles)
Greek “koleos”= sheath, “ptero”= wing
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Coleoptera (beetles)
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Coleoptera (beetles)
Spot ID• Chewing mouthparts
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Coleoptera (beetles)
Spot ID• Chewing mouthparts• Forewings (elytra)
form hard shell covering hindwings
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Diptera (flies)
Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing
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Diptera (flies)
Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing
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Diptera (flies)
Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing
Spot ID• Two wings
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Diptera (flies)
Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing
Spot ID• Two wings
– Hind wings reduced to halteres
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Diptera (flies)
Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wingSpot ID• Two wings
– Hind wings reduced to halteres
• Sponging-sucking mouthparts– Except mosquitoes
and some others that pierce skin
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Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants)
Greek “hymen”=membrane, “ptero”=wing or
Hymen, the Greek god of marriage because the forewing & hindwings are joined
together with small hooks
Hooks not shown
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Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants)
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Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants)
Spot ID• Chewing mouthparts
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Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants)
Spot ID• Chewing mouthparts• Four membranous wings
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Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants)
Spot ID• Chewing mouthparts• Four membranous wings• Waist often constricted
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Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants)
Spot ID• Chewing mouthparts• Four membranous wings• Waist often constricted• Females with ovipositor or
stinger at end of abdomen
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Lepidoptera (butterflies, moths)
Greek “lepido”= scale, “ptero”= wing
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Lepidoptera (butterflies, moths)
Greek “lepido”= scale, “ptero”= wing
• Coiling-sucking mouthparts
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Lepidoptera (butterflies, moths)
Greek “lepido”= scale, “ptero”= wing
• Coiling-sucking mouthparts• Four wings covered with scales
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Insects and other Arthropods